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Student Meaning-Making of an Allegorical Picturebook in Social Studies 社会学中寓言绘本的学生意义建构
Sylvia Pantaleo
Abstract Participation in a classroom-based study provided Grade 4 students with multiple opportunities to develop their visual meaning-making skills and competences, as well as their aesthetic understanding of and critical thinking about multimodal ensembles. Intentionally-designed instruction during the multifaceted research included a variety of activities focused on a selection of elements of visual art and design. Student participants read and discussed, and wrote about picturebooks during Language Arts, Science and Social Studies. The Rabbits, a picturebook that has been interpreted as a powerful and unsettling allegory of colonization, industrializaiton, and ecological destruction, was one selection of literature featured during a Social Studies unit on European exploration. The content analysis of the students’ responses to The Rabbits revealed how the students identified, described, and interpreted Shaun Tan’s use of color, visual point of view, and typography as fulfilling multiple, and often simultaneous, meaning-making purposes. The responses provided evidence of student engagement in sophisticated visual analysis and symbolic interpretation that deepened their critical understanding and appreciation of The Rabbits, as well as enhanced their understanding of curriculum. Overall, the findings extend the limited research on how student knowledge about and interpretation of elements of visual art and design in the artwork in picturebooks used for Social Studies pedagogy can simultaneously develop students’ visual reading skills, enhance their comprehension of curricular content, and build their higher-order thinking skills.
参与课堂学习为四年级学生提供了多种机会来发展他们的视觉意义创造技能和能力,以及他们对多模态合奏的审美理解和批判性思维。在多方面的研究中,有意设计的教学包括各种侧重于选择视觉艺术和设计元素的活动。在语言艺术、科学和社会研究课程中,学生们阅读、讨论和写作绘本。《兔子》是一本关于殖民、工业化和生态破坏的强大而令人不安的寓言,是欧洲探险社会研究单元精选的文学作品之一。对学生对《兔子》的反应进行内容分析,揭示了学生如何识别、描述和解释肖恩·谭对颜色、视觉观点和排版的使用,以实现多重的、通常同时发生的意义创造目的。这些回应提供了学生参与复杂的视觉分析和符号解释的证据,加深了他们对兔子的批判性理解和欣赏,并增强了他们对课程的理解。总体而言,这些发现扩展了关于学生对社会研究教学中使用的绘本艺术作品中视觉艺术和设计元素的知识和解释如何同时发展学生的视觉阅读技能,增强他们对课程内容的理解,并建立他们的高阶思维技能的有限研究。
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引用次数: 4
Google Tour Builder: Tracking the Impact of Civil War Veterans in a Kansas Community 谷歌旅游建设者:追踪内战退伍军人在堪萨斯社区的影响
Scott Scheuerell
Abstract The author describes how high school students can use Google Tour Builder to track the impact of local Civil War veterans by conducting research with primary and secondary sources. In the article, there is a description of an example from Larned, Kansas where more than one hundred Civil War veterans settled a community on the plains. Digitized primary sources from the Kansas State Historical Society can be accessed on the Internet to investigate how the veterans were among the earliest settlers of the community and many served in key government positions. The activity presented can be replicated by teachers elsewhere to enable students to participate in local history research. Census reports, plat maps, and rosters from the Grand Army of the Republic enable students to research and produce an interactive Google Tour Builder. The site can enable the rest of the community to learn about the impact of veterans who lived there. Today students can enter the name of any Civil War veteran into an Internet database sponsored by the National Park Service. Students can use the database to mine for information such as where the soldier enlisted, location of battles fought, and how many soldiers died in the regiment.
作者描述了高中生如何使用Google Tour Builder通过对主要和次要资源进行研究来跟踪当地内战退伍军人的影响。在文章中,有一个来自堪萨斯州拉内德的例子,一百多名内战退伍军人在平原上建立了一个社区。来自堪萨斯州历史学会的数字化原始资源可以在互联网上访问,以调查退伍军人是如何成为社区最早的定居者之一,并且许多人担任重要的政府职位。这个活动可以被其他地方的老师复制,让学生参与到当地的历史研究中来。来自共和国大军的人口普查报告、地图和花名册使学生能够研究和制作一个交互式的谷歌旅游生成器。该网站可以让社区的其他人了解住在那里的退伍军人的影响。如今,学生们可以在国家公园管理局赞助的互联网数据库中输入任何内战老兵的名字。学生们可以使用数据库来挖掘信息,比如士兵在哪里入伍,战斗的地点,以及该团有多少士兵死亡。
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引用次数: 0
Forced Journeys: Integrating Lessons about Immigration in Teacher Education 强迫旅行:移民课程在教师教育中的整合
Taraneh Matloob Haghanikar
Abstract This study reviewed incorporating a lesson about immigration in pre-service teachers’ (N = 45) respective curricula. Additionally, it discussed participants’ responses, their level of preparedness, and in some cases their hindrances to teaching controversial lessons. Crafting a framework to teach future teachers about complex subjects such as forced journeys demands that teacher training programs develop promising pedagogies as well as multiple curricular venues through which teachers can relate to and understand the complexities of immigration. The study is grounded on the theory of cultural competence to prepare prospective teachers for a world on the move. Data from written reflections and class discussions showed the desire and ability of participants to develop critical awareness of teaching controversial issues. However, to equip future teachers with knowledge and skills essential in teaching contentious topics, teacher education programs need a more consistent and comprehensive curriculum.
摘要本研究回顾了45名职前教师各自课程中有关移民的内容。此外,它还讨论了参与者的反应,他们的准备水平,以及在某些情况下他们教授有争议的课程的障碍。制定一个框架,向未来的教师讲授诸如被迫旅行之类的复杂主题,要求教师培训项目开发有前途的教学法,以及多种课程场所,教师可以通过这些场所了解和理解移民的复杂性。该研究以文化能力理论为基础,为未来的教师在移动的世界做好准备。书面反思和课堂讨论的数据显示,参与者渴望并有能力培养对有争议问题教学的批判性意识。然而,为了使未来的教师具备教授有争议话题所必需的知识和技能,教师教育项目需要一个更加一致和全面的课程。
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引用次数: 0
Teacher, Why is This So Boring? 老师,为什么这么无聊?
Alisha Milam
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引用次数: 2
Using the C3 Framework to Evaluate the Legacy of Southern Segregationist Senators 用C3框架评价南方种族隔离主义参议员的遗产
Scott L. Roberts, Jeremiah C. Clabough
Abstract U.S. politics has been primarily focused on the exploration of presidential power. People have engaged in traditional Master Narratives with the examination of U.S. Presidents where their actions are elevated and the catalysts for seismic societal changes. What is not examined in as much detail is legislative power wielded by members of the House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate. It could be argued that the influence of the U.S. Senate is more substantial given the longer length of its members’ terms. The exploration of a senator’s power, impact, and legacy is made even more difficult to measure by the subtle legislative maneuvers employed in the U.S. Senate along with the quantity of his or her votes on a variety of issues. However, students need to be equipped with the skills to analyze their elected representatives’ political records. One notable U.S. senator in the 20th century that the social studies teacher can research using the C3 Framework is Senator Richard Russell of Georgia.
美国政治主要集中在对总统权力的探索上。人们用传统的主叙事来审视美国总统,他们的行为被提升,他们是地震社会变革的催化剂。没有详细审查的是众议院和美国参议院议员所行使的立法权。可以说,考虑到美国参议院议员的任期较长,其影响力更大。参议员的权力、影响和遗产的探索,由于美国参议院微妙的立法手段以及他或她在各种问题上的投票数量而变得更加难以衡量。然而,学生们需要具备分析当选代表政治记录的技能。社会研究教师可以使用C3框架研究20世纪一位著名的美国参议员,他是乔治亚州的参议员理查德·拉塞尔。
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引用次数: 2
Exploring the Christian Teachings on Immigration in the Social Studies Classroom 基督教关于移民的教导在社会学课堂上的探讨
W. McCorkle
Abstract Discussions on immigration in the social studies classroom have often focused on the political ideologies that frame the debate. Often, the religious and ethical frameworks surrounding immigration are often overlooked. This article provides a rationale for exploring the teachings of the Christian scriptures in relation to immigration, particularly in the U.S. social studies classroom. Though there is a relevance for all denominations of Christianity, there is particular focus on Protestantism. The reason behind this approach is based in Christianity’s strong influence on the United States’ society. However, it is also a religion where there is often little depth of knowledge and thus a source that can easily be manipulated by those in power. This article examines how teachers can help lead students into an exploration of Christian teachings on the importance of having a stance of compassion toward immigrants and ensuring they receive equal justice. This focus on the Christian teachings of immigration can be relevant for both Christian students, those of other faith traditions, and those who have no faith tradition. Ideally, the students will more thoroughly and accurately understand this crucial intersection of faith and immigration and move toward a just and inclusionary perspective on immigrant rights.
社会研究课堂上关于移民的讨论往往集中在构成辩论框架的政治意识形态上。围绕移民的宗教和伦理框架往往被忽视。这篇文章为探讨基督教经文中有关移民的教导提供了一个基本原理,特别是在美国社会研究课堂上。虽然它与基督教的所有教派都有关联,但它特别关注新教。这种做法背后的原因是基于基督教对美国社会的强大影响。然而,它也是一种通常缺乏知识深度的宗教,因此很容易被当权者操纵。这篇文章探讨了教师如何引导学生探索基督教教义中对移民持同情立场的重要性,并确保他们得到平等的正义。这种对基督教移民教义的关注对基督教学生、其他信仰传统的学生和那些没有信仰传统的学生都有意义。理想情况下,学生们将更彻底、更准确地理解信仰与移民之间的关键交集,并朝着公正和包容的视角看待移民权利。
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引用次数: 0
Using Thematic Social Studies Teaching to Explore the Civil Rights Movement 运用专题社会研究教学探讨民权运动
Jeremiah C. Clabough
Abstract In this article, I discuss one approach of implementing thematic teaching in the high school social studies classroom exploring the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s. First, a short summary for the type of high school social studies classroom envisioned in the C3 Framework by NCSS is discussed. Then, I define thematic teaching and the benefits of doing this type of social studies instruction. Next, a brief overview of the benefits of using trade books focusing on social studies topics is provided. Finally, three activities are given. Each activity uses a social studies trade book connected to three different civil rights activists during the 1950s and 1960s: Thurgood Marshall, Fred Shuttlesworth, and Fannie Lou Hamer. The steps and resources to implement these activities are provided.
摘要本文探讨了在以20世纪五六十年代民权运动为主题的高中社会学科课堂中实施主题教学的一种方法。首先,简要概述了NCSS在C3框架中设想的高中社会研究课堂类型。然后,我定义了主题教学和做这种类型的社会研究教学的好处。接下来,简要概述了使用侧重于社会研究主题的商业书籍的好处。最后,给出了三个活动。每项活动都使用了一本与1950年代和1960年代三位不同的民权活动家有关的社会研究书籍:瑟古德·马歇尔、弗雷德·沙特尔斯沃思和房利美·卢·哈默。提供了执行这些活动的步骤和资源。
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引用次数: 1
The American Taboo and Its Impact on Learning: Building Tolerance with More Politics, Not Less 美国的禁忌及其对学习的影响:用更多而不是更少的政治来建立宽容
Alexander Patrick Fancher
Abstract Today’s political environment continues to become more polarized as Americans find themselves taking sides on controversial issues. While this is certainly not new to the American democratic experience, the way we as a country are combating it is. With the nation engulfed in a political maelstrom, people are forgetting how to have a civilized conversation with those who have opposing viewpoints. To inspire change, we must work with students in an educational setting to promote tolerance. But rather than limit controversial arguments involving politics, it is important to encourage these discussions so that we can prepare future generations to have the skills required to engage in meaningful political discourse. Only then can we strengthen our nation while weakening the divide that continues to plague our country on a daily basis.
随着美国人发现自己在有争议的问题上站队,当今的政治环境继续变得更加两极化。虽然这对美国的民主经验来说并不新鲜,但我们作为一个国家对抗它的方式却是新鲜的。随着国家陷入政治漩涡,人们正在忘记如何与持相反观点的人进行文明的对话。为了激发变革,我们必须在教育环境中与学生合作,促进宽容。但是,与其限制涉及政治的有争议的争论,还不如鼓励这些讨论,这样我们才能为后代做好准备,使他们具备参与有意义的政治讨论所需的技能。只有这样,我们才能加强我们的国家,同时削弱每天继续困扰我们国家的分歧。
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引用次数: 0
A Limited Portrayal: Depictions of the American Civil Rights Movement in Award-Winning Children’s Picture Books 有限的写照:在获奖的儿童绘本中对美国民权运动的描绘
S. Schroeder, J. Gates
Abstract This article explores depictions of the American Civil Rights Movement in award-winning children’s picture books published between 2010 and 2018. Specifically, we focused on 25 books chosen by the American Library Association (ALA) and the National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS) for inclusion on their yearly book lists. We included books about events or figures of the long Civil Rights Movement as well as notable African-American “firsts” or famous cultural figures whose experiences with racial discrimination and/or engagement with activism during this time period were depicted. Using qualitative content analysis, we explored the extent to which books expanded or limited six common and inaccurate narratives of the movement. Ultimately, we found that the majority of award-winning books we analyzed present a limited portrayal of the Civil Rights Movement, often depicting racism as confined solely to the South, failing to depict sexism against women within the movement, reducing the demands of the movement to solely desegregation, and presenting heroes of the movement rather than collectives. While we see many of these books as limiting, we close with suggestions for using these texts in ways that can expand students’ understandings of the Civil Rights Movement.
本文探讨了2010年至2018年间出版的获奖儿童绘本中对美国民权运动的描述。具体来说,我们将重点放在美国图书馆协会(ALA)和国家社会研究委员会(NCSS)选出的25本书上,以列入他们的年度图书清单。我们收录了关于长期民权运动的事件或人物的书籍,以及著名的非裔美国人“第一”或著名的文化人物,他们在这一时期经历了种族歧视和/或参与了激进主义。使用定性内容分析,我们探讨了书籍在多大程度上扩展或限制了六种常见的和不准确的运动叙述。最终,我们发现,我们分析的大多数获奖书籍对民权运动的描述都是有限的,通常将种族主义描述为仅限于南方,没有描述运动中对妇女的性别歧视,将运动的要求减少到仅仅是废除种族隔离,并呈现运动的英雄而不是集体。虽然我们认为这些书中有许多是有局限性的,但我们最后提出了一些建议,以扩大学生对民权运动的理解的方式使用这些文本。
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引用次数: 4
“A Gunpowder-Smelling History Lecture”?—Learning at a Wild West History Theme Park “火药味历史讲座”?在狂野西部历史主题公园学习
C. Svensson, Tobias Samuelsson
Abstract Lately, theme parks have emphasized the learning and edutainment aspects of their business. This has created new opportunities for theme parks and schools to cooperate. Research has shown that learning at science centers, a similar form of learning arena, tends to be out of context and that the learning outcomes are meager. High Chaparral, in southern Sweden, is a theme park primarily focusing on the American 1870s. With 160,000–170,000 visitors each year, the theme park is one of the largest arenas for history communication in Sweden, alongside traditional cultural heritage institutions. This paper presents an analysis of students, mainly aged 10–12 years, visiting the park. In the park, the children are presented with various fact- and skills-oriented activities. While the children enjoy the activities, they do not align the presentations with their school history education. Rather, the children relate them to their own everyday life experiences, and the idea of 1870s America they take from the park is, to a high degree, informed by popular TV and movie Westerns. While the theme park seems fun for the children, the findings of this analysis show that the park’s theme is not easily connected to the Swedish history curriculum for the studied group of students. In particular, the park does not align with the constructivist ideals of the Swedish curriculum. This does not mean that learning possibilities are absent. The park contains multifaceted leaning opportunities, but given the park’s present focus, these are not fully developed.
近年来,主题公园越来越强调其业务的学习和寓教于乐方面。这为主题公园和学校的合作创造了新的机会。研究表明,在科学中心(一种类似的学习场所)学习往往会脱离环境,学习效果也很差。位于瑞典南部的High Chaparral是一个主题公园,主要以美国19世纪70年代为主题。该主题公园每年接待16万至17万游客,是瑞典最大的历史交流场所之一,与传统文化遗产机构并列。本文对参观公园的学生进行了分析,主要是10-12岁的学生。在公园里,孩子们参加了各种以事实和技能为导向的活动。虽然孩子们喜欢这些活动,但他们并没有把这些演讲与学校的历史教育结合起来。相反,孩子们把它们与自己的日常生活经历联系起来,他们从公园里学到的19世纪70年代美国的概念,在很大程度上是受流行的电视和电影西片的影响。虽然主题公园对孩子们来说似乎很有趣,但这一分析的结果表明,公园的主题并不容易与所研究的学生群体的瑞典历史课程联系起来。特别是,公园不符合瑞典课程的建构主义理想。这并不意味着没有学习的可能性。公园包含多方面的学习机会,但鉴于公园目前的重点,这些机会没有得到充分开发。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
The International journal of social education : official journal of the Indiana Council for the Social Studies
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