Pub Date : 2023-07-05DOI: 10.33696/pharmacol.4.043
Mustafa Ozen, E. Emamian, A. Abdi
Successful drug development is a risky and lengthy process that can take over ten years and consume billions of dollars. Target discovery is a critical stage of drug development for the identification of key molecules and pathways that can be targeted by novel therapeutics to find more effective treatments. Due to the rapid development in artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques over the past decade, computational approaches have now emerged as powerful tools to unravel complex interactions within biological systems to identify novel therapeutic targets. In particular, modeling and analysis of intracellular molecular networks play a pivotal role in target discovery by enabling researchers to efficiently and simultaneously navigate massive amounts of biological data to identify potential therapeutic targets. Such technologies can significantly accelerate the prolonged process of development of innovative therapies for complex diseases. Besides highlighting the findings of the recently introduced extreme signaling failures in intracellular molecular networks, here we briefly review various methods for modeling and analysis of intracellular molecular networks and discuss how they can be utilized to predict potential drug targets within such complex signaling systems. Overall, this review emphasizes the significance of modeling and analysis of molecular networks for fast-tracking and rapid discovery of novel therapeutic targets; to pave the way for the development of more effective treatments.
{"title":"From Data to Knowledge: A Mini-Review on Molecular Network Modeling and Analysis for Therapeutic Target Discovery","authors":"Mustafa Ozen, E. Emamian, A. Abdi","doi":"10.33696/pharmacol.4.043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/pharmacol.4.043","url":null,"abstract":"Successful drug development is a risky and lengthy process that can take over ten years and consume billions of dollars. Target discovery is a critical stage of drug development for the identification of key molecules and pathways that can be targeted by novel therapeutics to find more effective treatments. Due to the rapid development in artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques over the past decade, computational approaches have now emerged as powerful tools to unravel complex interactions within biological systems to identify novel therapeutic targets. In particular, modeling and analysis of intracellular molecular networks play a pivotal role in target discovery by enabling researchers to efficiently and simultaneously navigate massive amounts of biological data to identify potential therapeutic targets. Such technologies can significantly accelerate the prolonged process of development of innovative therapies for complex diseases. Besides highlighting the findings of the recently introduced extreme signaling failures in intracellular molecular networks, here we briefly review various methods for modeling and analysis of intracellular molecular networks and discuss how they can be utilized to predict potential drug targets within such complex signaling systems. Overall, this review emphasizes the significance of modeling and analysis of molecular networks for fast-tracking and rapid discovery of novel therapeutic targets; to pave the way for the development of more effective treatments.","PeriodicalId":8324,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77108218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.33696/pharmacol.4.040
M. Elalfy, M. G. Elhadidy, E. M. El Nashar
Proto-oncogenes like C-MYC, EGFR and others have physiological function in regeneration, wound and any stressfully injury to maintain tissue echotexture and healing. Notably, these growth factors work together and had life span to retain to basal level after tissue remodeling and retain its function like what happen in partial hepatectomy. While in cancer, as we work out in 2 transgenic model of liver cancer, we notice that oncogenes do not like each other and just one of them was highly expressive, it keeps other ones at basal level or degraded. Moreover, if one oncogene was inhibited or silenced, other oncogenes become active or expressed and result in anticancer drug resistance. So bispecific antibody could successfully reduce anti-cancer drug resistance.
{"title":"Proto-oncogenes Crosstalk, Feedback and Expression, and Anticancer Drugs Resistance","authors":"M. Elalfy, M. G. Elhadidy, E. M. El Nashar","doi":"10.33696/pharmacol.4.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/pharmacol.4.040","url":null,"abstract":"Proto-oncogenes like C-MYC, EGFR and others have physiological function in regeneration, wound and any stressfully injury to maintain tissue echotexture and healing. Notably, these growth factors work together and had life span to retain to basal level after tissue remodeling and retain its function like what happen in partial hepatectomy. While in cancer, as we work out in 2 transgenic model of liver cancer, we notice that oncogenes do not like each other and just one of them was highly expressive, it keeps other ones at basal level or degraded. Moreover, if one oncogene was inhibited or silenced, other oncogenes become active or expressed and result in anticancer drug resistance. So bispecific antibody could successfully reduce anti-cancer drug resistance.","PeriodicalId":8324,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85485777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-23DOI: 10.33696/pharmacol.4.039
Hamidreza Zalpoor, M. Nabi-Afjadi, F. Aziziyan, Chanour Tavakol
The standard treatment options for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain challenging despite community vaccinations and reduced mortality. As the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus continues to evolve and new strains emerge, diversity in the use of existing antiviral drugs has become a crucial therapeutic tool in combating the COVID-19 epidemic. Many types of infectious diseases, including DNA and RNA viruses, have traditionally been treated with ivermectin, a broad-spectrum anti-parasitic, and anti-viral drug. In spite of this, the effectiveness of ivermectin as a treatment for SARS-CoV-2 is still controversial, based on currently available data. The aim of this study was to provide comprehensive information on ivermectin, including its safety and efficacy. We hypothesized that ivermectin prophylactic effects may enhance vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection in this study. Also, the combination of ivermectin with other drugs to reduce its adverse effects could be beneficial and we suggest that it can be evaluated in future studies.
{"title":"Keeping Ready against Omicron and Future Variants: Can Ivermectin Prophylactic Effects Improve the Vaccination Effects against COVID-19?","authors":"Hamidreza Zalpoor, M. Nabi-Afjadi, F. Aziziyan, Chanour Tavakol","doi":"10.33696/pharmacol.4.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/pharmacol.4.039","url":null,"abstract":"The standard treatment options for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain challenging despite community vaccinations and reduced mortality. As the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus continues to evolve and new strains emerge, diversity in the use of existing antiviral drugs has become a crucial therapeutic tool in combating the COVID-19 epidemic. Many types of infectious diseases, including DNA and RNA viruses, have traditionally been treated with ivermectin, a broad-spectrum anti-parasitic, and anti-viral drug. In spite of this, the effectiveness of ivermectin as a treatment for SARS-CoV-2 is still controversial, based on currently available data. The aim of this study was to provide comprehensive information on ivermectin, including its safety and efficacy. We hypothesized that ivermectin prophylactic effects may enhance vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection in this study. Also, the combination of ivermectin with other drugs to reduce its adverse effects could be beneficial and we suggest that it can be evaluated in future studies.","PeriodicalId":8324,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76797934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-22DOI: 10.33696/pharmacol.4.037
J. Turabián
{"title":"The Role of the General Practitioner in Vaccination against COVID-19","authors":"J. Turabián","doi":"10.33696/pharmacol.4.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/pharmacol.4.037","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8324,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90961320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-22DOI: 10.33696/pharmacol.4.038
B. Badlou
{"title":"POSTCOVID-19WAR Era, Interaction between Cancer-Hematologic Disorders- Diabetes Significantly Increased by COVID-19 Variants, Aggressively","authors":"B. Badlou","doi":"10.33696/pharmacol.4.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/pharmacol.4.038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8324,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89945490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-18DOI: 10.33696/pharmacol.4.042
V. K. Sahu, A. Soni, Kavindra Kumar Mishra, Rajesh K Singh
Ruthenium readily forms coordinate-complexes and these complexes have their applications in diverse fields. A survey of literature shows that designing of new ligands that can be complexed with Ruthenium (Ru) in various oxidation states can lead to development of new materials with diverse applications. In 21st century the gravity of approach of material science together with computer science has shifted from, how to make a molecule to what molecule to make, in other words molecular design. And now these are also quantized. As we know that physics, chemistry, and biology were explored at atomic levels and finally mathematical data were fed to grow required software for aimed simulations. The aim of present study is to study halides and mixed halides of Ru(II), which more precisely can help in the development of new Ru(II) complexes of desired application and or can help in fine tuning the property of pre-existing Ru(II) complexes. Thus, this study of atomistic details of halides of Ru(II) compounds along with construction of molecular orbital diagram at a glance will provide an insight of physicochemical, biochemical, electrochemical, thermochemical, magnetic, spectrochemical, catalytic, photoactive, and materialistic details. And this will help to solve the difficulties of synthesis of various complexes yet not synthesized. We know that all chemical reaction of complex compounds will be affected firstly by availability of vacant orbital(s) on metal ion (Ru2+) and secondly by the easiness of donation of electron pair(s) by ligands as we have also studied cloud-expanding effect, nephelauxetic effect, and electrochemical series of these Ruthenium(II) halides. The substitution reaction of complex compounds will also be mechanized and new substitution products (compounds) can also be prepared as topological analysis have also been made, those yet cannot synthesize by ordinary methods in required time and required cost too. Hence the halides of Ru(II) studied firstly. With the help of results of these studies, we will able to study complexation of these halides with selective ligands to form selective complex compounds of Ru(II) yet not prepared or have difficulties in preparation.
{"title":"Application of Halides Complexes of Ruthenium (II) in Metallopharmaceuticals and in Material Science: Part-I","authors":"V. K. Sahu, A. Soni, Kavindra Kumar Mishra, Rajesh K Singh","doi":"10.33696/pharmacol.4.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/pharmacol.4.042","url":null,"abstract":"Ruthenium readily forms coordinate-complexes and these complexes have their applications in diverse fields. A survey of literature shows that designing of new ligands that can be complexed with Ruthenium (Ru) in various oxidation states can lead to development of new materials with diverse applications. In 21st century the gravity of approach of material science together with computer science has shifted from, how to make a molecule to what molecule to make, in other words molecular design. And now these are also quantized. As we know that physics, chemistry, and biology were explored at atomic levels and finally mathematical data were fed to grow required software for aimed simulations. The aim of present study is to study halides and mixed halides of Ru(II), which more precisely can help in the development of new Ru(II) complexes of desired application and or can help in fine tuning the property of pre-existing Ru(II) complexes. Thus, this study of atomistic details of halides of Ru(II) compounds along with construction of molecular orbital diagram at a glance will provide an insight of physicochemical, biochemical, electrochemical, thermochemical, magnetic, spectrochemical, catalytic, photoactive, and materialistic details. And this will help to solve the difficulties of synthesis of various complexes yet not synthesized. We know that all chemical reaction of complex compounds will be affected firstly by availability of vacant orbital(s) on metal ion (Ru2+) and secondly by the easiness of donation of electron pair(s) by ligands as we have also studied cloud-expanding effect, nephelauxetic effect, and electrochemical series of these Ruthenium(II) halides. The substitution reaction of complex compounds will also be mechanized and new substitution products (compounds) can also be prepared as topological analysis have also been made, those yet cannot synthesize by ordinary methods in required time and required cost too. Hence the halides of Ru(II) studied firstly. With the help of results of these studies, we will able to study complexation of these halides with selective ligands to form selective complex compounds of Ru(II) yet not prepared or have difficulties in preparation.","PeriodicalId":8324,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84906086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-18DOI: 10.33696/pharmacol.4.041
J. Turabián
{"title":"Reflections on COVID-19 Pharmacological Treatment and Beyond: Beware of “Salads” with Many Ingredients but Low Scientific Content","authors":"J. Turabián","doi":"10.33696/pharmacol.4.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/pharmacol.4.041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8324,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90433034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-12DOI: 10.33696/pharmacol.4.036
S. Cammarata
There are therapeutic areas where the unauthorized use of a medicine is very wide, for example the pediatric field. The spread of off-label use in the pediatric field derives mainly from the difficulty in starting trials in this context, situation which it has long been reflected in a social and ethical paradigm. The pediatric population should be protected from research, but the difficulty in starting trials involving this population makes it “orphan” of authorized therapies. Ethical and, sometimes, methodological and economic issues make the pediatric trials “unattractive”. Furthermore, children are not a homogeneous population; in fact, within this category it is possible to distinguish different groups based on age groups characterized by biological diversity and for which starting a trial would be an expensive and complex process [2].
{"title":"Off Label Use as an Indicator of Therapeutic Need in Pediatrics","authors":"S. Cammarata","doi":"10.33696/pharmacol.4.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/pharmacol.4.036","url":null,"abstract":"There are therapeutic areas where the unauthorized use of a medicine is very wide, for example the pediatric field. The spread of off-label use in the pediatric field derives mainly from the difficulty in starting trials in this context, situation which it has long been reflected in a social and ethical paradigm. The pediatric population should be protected from research, but the difficulty in starting trials involving this population makes it “orphan” of authorized therapies. Ethical and, sometimes, methodological and economic issues make the pediatric trials “unattractive”. Furthermore, children are not a homogeneous population; in fact, within this category it is possible to distinguish different groups based on age groups characterized by biological diversity and for which starting a trial would be an expensive and complex process [2].","PeriodicalId":8324,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85270241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-09DOI: 10.33696/pharmacol.4.031
{"title":"Relative COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Effectiveness and Clinical- Epidemiological Characteristics Before and After 29 Days of Shot","authors":"","doi":"10.33696/pharmacol.4.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/pharmacol.4.031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8324,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84290543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-09DOI: 10.33696/pharmacol.4.033
E. Fredericks, A. Titis, Suereta Fortuin, Shiraaz Gabriel, M. Setshedi
Background: Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic relapsing and remitting inflammation of the bowel. Tumour necrosis factor α antagonists are safe and effective in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Indications and outcomes with consecutive anti-tumour necrosis factor agents, although often used, are not clear. Since data for this treatment choice is scarce, we set out to evaluate the use of consecutive anti-tumour necrosis factor agents in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Method: A national registry established by The South African Gastroenterology Society was used for retrospective data extraction in patients with consecutive anti-tumour necrosis factor agent use. Demographic, clinical details, treatment outcomes and adverse events were documented. Results: Eight-six (7.5%) of 1150 patients received consecutive tumour necrosis factor-antagonists. There were 41 (48%) patients with Crohn’s disease and 45 (52%) with ulcerative colitis. Gender distribution was equal with 45 (52%) male and 41 (48%) female patients. Patients failed the first anti-tumour necrosis factor agent over 30 months, but remission rates improved with second agent. Immunomodulator therapy had no effect of anti-tumour necrosis agent discontinuation rates. Adalimumab treatment had higher rate of dose escalation/switching as well as adverse events compared to infliximab. Most patients remained in clinical remission except a few with CD who required surgery. Conclusion: Using a second anti-tumour necrosis factor agent when the first agent failed is often necessary in inflammatory bowel disease. Although cost-effective, this strategy lacks clarity. Patient selection is crucial and therapeutic drug monitoring should be central in that decision. Adalimumab is associated with higher rates of dose escalation and a worse side-effect profile. Patients with UC switched earlier compared to CD. First Agent Failed: South African Retrospective Study. persistence was longer at 39 months for CD compared to only 13 months for UC. They further noted that males with CD had longer treatment persistence than females but showed no gender difference in UC regarding persistence of treatment. study showed no gender predominance with respect to length of treatment or withdrawal of treatment for either UC or CD.
{"title":"Use of second Anti-Tumour Necrosis Factor Agent in Inflammatory Bowel Disease When First Agent Failed: A South African Retrospective Study","authors":"E. Fredericks, A. Titis, Suereta Fortuin, Shiraaz Gabriel, M. Setshedi","doi":"10.33696/pharmacol.4.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/pharmacol.4.033","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic relapsing and remitting inflammation of the bowel. Tumour necrosis factor α antagonists are safe and effective in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Indications and outcomes with consecutive anti-tumour necrosis factor agents, although often used, are not clear. Since data for this treatment choice is scarce, we set out to evaluate the use of consecutive anti-tumour necrosis factor agents in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Method: A national registry established by The South African Gastroenterology Society was used for retrospective data extraction in patients with consecutive anti-tumour necrosis factor agent use. Demographic, clinical details, treatment outcomes and adverse events were documented. Results: Eight-six (7.5%) of 1150 patients received consecutive tumour necrosis factor-antagonists. There were 41 (48%) patients with Crohn’s disease and 45 (52%) with ulcerative colitis. Gender distribution was equal with 45 (52%) male and 41 (48%) female patients. Patients failed the first anti-tumour necrosis factor agent over 30 months, but remission rates improved with second agent. Immunomodulator therapy had no effect of anti-tumour necrosis agent discontinuation rates. Adalimumab treatment had higher rate of dose escalation/switching as well as adverse events compared to infliximab. Most patients remained in clinical remission except a few with CD who required surgery. Conclusion: Using a second anti-tumour necrosis factor agent when the first agent failed is often necessary in inflammatory bowel disease. Although cost-effective, this strategy lacks clarity. Patient selection is crucial and therapeutic drug monitoring should be central in that decision. Adalimumab is associated with higher rates of dose escalation and a worse side-effect profile. Patients with UC switched earlier compared to CD. First Agent Failed: South African Retrospective Study. persistence was longer at 39 months for CD compared to only 13 months for UC. They further noted that males with CD had longer treatment persistence than females but showed no gender difference in UC regarding persistence of treatment. study showed no gender predominance with respect to length of treatment or withdrawal of treatment for either UC or CD.","PeriodicalId":8324,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88223976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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