Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.33899/mmed.2023.137418.1178
Mustafa Nooruldden Abdulqader, H. Fathi, Basma Mahmood, O. Abdullah
Background: Excessive hair shedding among child-bearing women has been linked to low iron store. Despite this, multi-studies looked at this connection have yield inconsistent results. ferritin Aim: To compare hemoglobin and ferritin level of childbearing women with telogen effluvium and those in otherwise good health. To evaluate the link between iron store level and amount of hair shed. Patients and Methods: The case-controlled study included 74 women with telogen effluvium and 22 age matched healthy women recruited from Al-Salam Teaching Hospital in Mosul. Participants underwent an assessment of hair fall count using a standardized hair fall count in 60 seconds. Five ml of blood was drawn to assess the iron status (hemoglobin and ferritin). Difference in iron status between groups were compared by t-test and their link with amount of hair fall was assessed by Pearson correlation and regression tests. P-value <0.05 is significant. Results: Alopecia patients were 27.81±9.63 years old on average. The difference in hemoglobin levels between Alopecia patients and the control group were not-significantly (11. 83±4.59 gm/dl vs. 12.72±0.88 gm/dl) while differences in ferritin level was highly significant (27.84±22.06 ng/ml vs. 57.75±19.75ng/ml). Strong inverse linear were detected in the number of hair falls and ferritin (r=-0.53, P 0.0001). Regression analysis revealed that changes in hemoglobin accounts for only 9% of variation in the total number of hair falls, while ferritin accounts for 28% of them. Two prediction equations based on hemoglobin and ferritin were created for predicting hair fall count in 60 seconds. Conclusions: The study provides additional evidence for the role of low iron stores reflected by ferritin level in hair fall count in women with chronic telogen effluvium. A nonanemic iron deficiency is probably responsible for unexplained non-specific symptoms like diffuse hair loss. The suggested regression equation provides dermatologists with a tool to predict the amount of hair fall based on estimated ferritin and hemoglobin.
背景:育龄妇女脱发过多与铁储量低有关。尽管如此，针对这一联系的多项研究得出了不一致的结果。目的:比较休止期排尿妇女与其他健康妇女的血红蛋白和铁蛋白水平。评价铁储存水平与脱毛量之间的关系。患者和方法:病例对照研究包括从摩苏尔Al-Salam教学医院招募的74名患有休止期排尿的妇女和22名年龄匹配的健康妇女。参与者在60秒内使用标准化的头发脱落计数来评估头发脱落计数。抽取5ml血液评估铁状态(血红蛋白和铁蛋白)。采用t检验比较各组铁含量的差异，采用Pearson相关检验和回归检验评价铁含量与脱发量的关系。p值<0.05为显著性。结果:脱发患者平均年龄27.81±9.63岁。脱发患者与对照组血红蛋白水平差异无统计学意义(11。(83±4.59 gm/dl vs. 12.72±0.88 gm/dl)，而铁蛋白水平差异极显著(27.84±22.06 ng/ml vs. 57.75±19.75ng/ml)。毛发脱落数和铁蛋白呈明显的负线性关系(r=-0.53, P = 0.0001)。回归分析显示，血红蛋白的变化只占脱发总数变化的9%，而铁蛋白的变化占28%。建立了两个基于血红蛋白和铁蛋白的预测方程，用于预测60秒内的毛发脱落数。结论:该研究为铁蛋白水平反映的低铁储量在慢性休止期女性脱发数量中的作用提供了额外的证据。非贫血性缺铁可能导致无法解释的非特异性症状，如弥漫性脱发。建议的回归方程为皮肤科医生提供了一种基于估计的铁蛋白和血红蛋白来预测头发脱落量的工具。
{"title":"Correlation between Serum Ferritin and Haemoglobin Level in Females with Hair Fall Count in Females with Chronic Telogen Effluvium","authors":"Mustafa Nooruldden Abdulqader, H. Fathi, Basma Mahmood, O. Abdullah","doi":"10.33899/mmed.2023.137418.1178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/mmed.2023.137418.1178","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Excessive hair shedding among child-bearing women has been linked to low iron store. Despite this, multi-studies looked at this connection have yield inconsistent results. ferritin Aim: To compare hemoglobin and ferritin level of childbearing women with telogen effluvium and those in otherwise good health. To evaluate the link between iron store level and amount of hair shed. Patients and Methods: The case-controlled study included 74 women with telogen effluvium and 22 age matched healthy women recruited from Al-Salam Teaching Hospital in Mosul. Participants underwent an assessment of hair fall count using a standardized hair fall count in 60 seconds. Five ml of blood was drawn to assess the iron status (hemoglobin and ferritin). Difference in iron status between groups were compared by t-test and their link with amount of hair fall was assessed by Pearson correlation and regression tests. P-value <0.05 is significant. Results: Alopecia patients were 27.81±9.63 years old on average. The difference in hemoglobin levels between Alopecia patients and the control group were not-significantly (11. 83±4.59 gm/dl vs. 12.72±0.88 gm/dl) while differences in ferritin level was highly significant (27.84±22.06 ng/ml vs. 57.75±19.75ng/ml). Strong inverse linear were detected in the number of hair falls and ferritin (r=-0.53, P 0.0001). Regression analysis revealed that changes in hemoglobin accounts for only 9% of variation in the total number of hair falls, while ferritin accounts for 28% of them. Two prediction equations based on hemoglobin and ferritin were created for predicting hair fall count in 60 seconds. Conclusions: The study provides additional evidence for the role of low iron stores reflected by ferritin level in hair fall count in women with chronic telogen effluvium. A nonanemic iron deficiency is probably responsible for unexplained non-specific symptoms like diffuse hair loss. The suggested regression equation provides dermatologists with a tool to predict the amount of hair fall based on estimated ferritin and hemoglobin.","PeriodicalId":8334,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the College of Medicine, Mosul","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75603189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.33899/mmed.2023.136334.1167
Yousif Salama, Haitham Alnori
{"title":"Recovery Patterns of Olfactory Disorders in Covid-19 Patients","authors":"Yousif Salama, Haitham Alnori","doi":"10.33899/mmed.2023.136334.1167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/mmed.2023.136334.1167","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8334,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the College of Medicine, Mosul","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135947077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.33899/mmed.2023.137090.1175
Ikram Khazal Qasim Al-hasso
Type one diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune condition wherein islet cells of pancreas are damaged, necessitating extrinsic insulin therapy for the remainder of life. T1DM affects kids and teenagers and accounts for roughly 5-10% of diabetes cases. Cytokines are low-molecular-weight extracellular molecules that serve as immune modulators which cause β cells impairment in T1DM patients by generating nitric-oxide. Comprehending and controlling autoimmune inflammatory factors, on the contrary, may aid in treating or even avoiding disease advancement. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a versatile mediator that have an influential purpose in inflammation besides autoimmune conditions and one of variables implicated in autoimmune inflammation. This cytokine, however, was demonstrated to play a significant function in metabolic control, notably homeostasis of glucose
{"title":"Role of Interleukin-6 in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (Review of Articles)","authors":"Ikram Khazal Qasim Al-hasso","doi":"10.33899/mmed.2023.137090.1175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/mmed.2023.137090.1175","url":null,"abstract":"Type one diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune condition wherein islet cells of pancreas are damaged, necessitating extrinsic insulin therapy for the remainder of life. T1DM affects kids and teenagers and accounts for roughly 5-10% of diabetes cases. Cytokines are low-molecular-weight extracellular molecules that serve as immune modulators which cause β cells impairment in T1DM patients by generating nitric-oxide. Comprehending and controlling autoimmune inflammatory factors, on the contrary, may aid in treating or even avoiding disease advancement. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a versatile mediator that have an influential purpose in inflammation besides autoimmune conditions and one of variables implicated in autoimmune inflammation. This cytokine, however, was demonstrated to play a significant function in metabolic control, notably homeostasis of glucose","PeriodicalId":8334,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the College of Medicine, Mosul","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75165735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.33899/mmed.2023.139171.1194
Maimonah Q. Yahya
Background: The World Health Organization led a program to eliminate smallpox, which was validated 40 years ago. According to estimates, most nations have stopped vaccinating their citizens against the disease on a regular basis. Cross immunity has been affected as a result, and a sizable section of the world's population no longer possesses protection to orthopox viruses that are directly connected to one another, such monkeypox and smallpox. These data raise the possibility that emerging or re-emerging human would fill the epidemiological gap left by smallpox, along with occasional instances of human pathogens with many orthopox viral infections. Aim of this study: This review focused on the disease caused by the monkeypox virus and its significant modes of transmission, which has recently reemerged in some nations globally, as well as how to prevent the disease from spreading. Conclusion: The monkeypox virus can spread in a variety of methods, all of which need intimate contact with ill people or infected animals. Small mammals are occasionally able to carry the virus without showing any symptoms. Monkeys, hedgehogs, rodents, anteaters, prairie dogs, dogs, and squirrels are just a few of the many animal species that can contract the monkeypox virus. Viral transmission between humans is less frequent than with infected animals, however, close contact either exposure to respiratory droplet, mouth contact to mouth or to skin, or skin contact with mucosal skin lesions of an infected person are the methods of transmission. Good personal hygiene and vaccination is recommended to build immunity against monkeypox. Further research is needed to clarify the role of host as well as viral components in the pathogenesis of serious and lethal infection, as well as to gain a better understanding of their risks, genes, and natural histories. This will enable global healthcare strategists to develop effective protection plans.
{"title":"The Global Resurgence of Monkeypox: A Review","authors":"Maimonah Q. Yahya","doi":"10.33899/mmed.2023.139171.1194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/mmed.2023.139171.1194","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The World Health Organization led a program to eliminate smallpox, which was validated 40 years ago. According to estimates, most nations have stopped vaccinating their citizens against the disease on a regular basis. Cross immunity has been affected as a result, and a sizable section of the world's population no longer possesses protection to orthopox viruses that are directly connected to one another, such monkeypox and smallpox. These data raise the possibility that emerging or re-emerging human would fill the epidemiological gap left by smallpox, along with occasional instances of human pathogens with many orthopox viral infections. Aim of this study: This review focused on the disease caused by the monkeypox virus and its significant modes of transmission, which has recently reemerged in some nations globally, as well as how to prevent the disease from spreading. Conclusion: The monkeypox virus can spread in a variety of methods, all of which need intimate contact with ill people or infected animals. Small mammals are occasionally able to carry the virus without showing any symptoms. Monkeys, hedgehogs, rodents, anteaters, prairie dogs, dogs, and squirrels are just a few of the many animal species that can contract the monkeypox virus. Viral transmission between humans is less frequent than with infected animals, however, close contact either exposure to respiratory droplet, mouth contact to mouth or to skin, or skin contact with mucosal skin lesions of an infected person are the methods of transmission. Good personal hygiene and vaccination is recommended to build immunity against monkeypox. Further research is needed to clarify the role of host as well as viral components in the pathogenesis of serious and lethal infection, as well as to gain a better understanding of their risks, genes, and natural histories. This will enable global healthcare strategists to develop effective protection plans.","PeriodicalId":8334,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the College of Medicine, Mosul","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80788956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.33899/mmed.2023.137591.1182
B. Saeed, M. Sheet, Emanuel Sargon Emanuel
Background: The controversy of pediatric septoplasty exists. Septoplasty is an uncommon procedure in pediatric populations. Still, there is a lack of consensus about the age and extent of septoplasty in this age group. Moreover, delayed surgical correction of septal deviation may adversely affect normal nasal and facial growth. There is a recent trend toward major cartilage work in pediatric patients with severe septal deviation. The aims of this study are to evaluate the health-related quality of life in pediatric patients after septoplasty and to assess the early as well as the long-term outcomes of surgery. Ethical Approval: The Collegiate Committee for Medical Research Ethics approved the study with approval code CCMRE-MED-22-1 on 17/01/2022. It aligns with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards . Patients and methods: This case series study was conducted on 25 children (24 males and one female) who underwent septoplasty for severe symptomatic septal deviation. This assessment was done three months and 1-year post-operatively to assess the operation's effect on the quality of life and overall patient satisfaction. The follow-up was done utilizing NOSE and VAS scales and they were compared with pre-operative ones. In most cases, the cartilage was delivered, remodelled, and reinserted. Results: The mean age of patients was 8.5±3.8 years. There were 24 (96.31%) males and 1 (3.69%) females. The current study reveals significant differences in postoperative NOSE and VAS scores compared to pre-operative ones at three months and one year post-operatively with P-values <0.001. Synechia, infection due to crust formation, and residual deviation were the common complications in this study. Conclusion: The significant improvement in quality of life and the low complication rate justifies septoplasty in the pediatric age group in indicated cases, even if considerable cartilage work was needed.
{"title":"Pediatric Septoplasty: A Case Series Study","authors":"B. Saeed, M. Sheet, Emanuel Sargon Emanuel","doi":"10.33899/mmed.2023.137591.1182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/mmed.2023.137591.1182","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The controversy of pediatric septoplasty exists. Septoplasty is an uncommon procedure in pediatric populations. Still, there is a lack of consensus about the age and extent of septoplasty in this age group. Moreover, delayed surgical correction of septal deviation may adversely affect normal nasal and facial growth. There is a recent trend toward major cartilage work in pediatric patients with severe septal deviation. The aims of this study are to evaluate the health-related quality of life in pediatric patients after septoplasty and to assess the early as well as the long-term outcomes of surgery. Ethical Approval: The Collegiate Committee for Medical Research Ethics approved the study with approval code CCMRE-MED-22-1 on 17/01/2022. It aligns with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards . Patients and methods: This case series study was conducted on 25 children (24 males and one female) who underwent septoplasty for severe symptomatic septal deviation. This assessment was done three months and 1-year post-operatively to assess the operation's effect on the quality of life and overall patient satisfaction. The follow-up was done utilizing NOSE and VAS scales and they were compared with pre-operative ones. In most cases, the cartilage was delivered, remodelled, and reinserted. Results: The mean age of patients was 8.5±3.8 years. There were 24 (96.31%) males and 1 (3.69%) females. The current study reveals significant differences in postoperative NOSE and VAS scores compared to pre-operative ones at three months and one year post-operatively with P-values <0.001. Synechia, infection due to crust formation, and residual deviation were the common complications in this study. Conclusion: The significant improvement in quality of life and the low complication rate justifies septoplasty in the pediatric age group in indicated cases, even if considerable cartilage work was needed.","PeriodicalId":8334,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the College of Medicine, Mosul","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82338728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.33899/mmed.2022.136910.1173
A. Jawad, Ammar A. Okab
{"title":"Knowledge and Attitude of Nurses about Infection Preventive Measures at Imam Al-Sadiq Hospital in Babil City","authors":"A. Jawad, Ammar A. Okab","doi":"10.33899/mmed.2022.136910.1173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/mmed.2022.136910.1173","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8334,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the College of Medicine, Mosul","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72516283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.33899/mmed.2022.136645.1171
Kawa F Dizaye
{"title":"The influence of Olmesartan on the Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone System of Rats with Thyroid Dysfunction","authors":"Kawa F Dizaye","doi":"10.33899/mmed.2022.136645.1171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/mmed.2022.136645.1171","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8334,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the College of Medicine, Mosul","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87255664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.33899/mmed.2022.135399.1162
Z. Qasim, M. Dawood, Z. Hashim
{"title":"Some Facts about Pneumocystis jirovecii","authors":"Z. Qasim, M. Dawood, Z. Hashim","doi":"10.33899/mmed.2022.135399.1162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/mmed.2022.135399.1162","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8334,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the College of Medicine, Mosul","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85335223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.33899/mmed.2022.136721.1172
karam turath
{"title":"Expression of Ki-67 antigen in various histological types of BASAL CELL CARCINOMA","authors":"karam turath","doi":"10.33899/mmed.2022.136721.1172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/mmed.2022.136721.1172","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8334,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the College of Medicine, Mosul","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74178683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.33899/mmed.2022.133886.1147
I. Othman, M. Al-Zubaidy
Objective: The current research aims to assess the acute behavioral toxicity and brain histological changes of ceftriaxone in chicks as a biological model. Methods: The acute IM median lethal dose (LD 50 ) by Dexon method was obtained during the first day. The scoring of toxicity was estimated in the open-field activity and body-weight was measured. The acute toxic effects of ceftriaxone on brain tissue were recorded. Results: The IM ceftriaxone LD 50 value in chicks was 2131mg/kg. Intramuscular administration of ceftriaxone at doses of 0.532, 1.065 and 1.598 mg/kg caused signs of toxicity such as dropping of wings, eyelids closure, decreased movements and gasping. Ceftriaxone caused a statistically significant decrement in the body weight, decreased activity in the open field experiment represented by delay in movement, and decrease in the crossing lines. The brain showed histopathological changes such as congestion, bleeding and inflammatory cell infiltration. The lesion was more severe when exposed to high concentrations especially during the first 24 hours. Conclusion : The results of the current study demonstrated that ceftriaxone caused behavioral toxic effects in addition to histological changes in the brain especially with acute administration.
{"title":"Assessment of The Acute Toxic Effects of Ceftriaxone in Chicks","authors":"I. Othman, M. Al-Zubaidy","doi":"10.33899/mmed.2022.133886.1147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/mmed.2022.133886.1147","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The current research aims to assess the acute behavioral toxicity and brain histological changes of ceftriaxone in chicks as a biological model. Methods: The acute IM median lethal dose (LD 50 ) by Dexon method was obtained during the first day. The scoring of toxicity was estimated in the open-field activity and body-weight was measured. The acute toxic effects of ceftriaxone on brain tissue were recorded. Results: The IM ceftriaxone LD 50 value in chicks was 2131mg/kg. Intramuscular administration of ceftriaxone at doses of 0.532, 1.065 and 1.598 mg/kg caused signs of toxicity such as dropping of wings, eyelids closure, decreased movements and gasping. Ceftriaxone caused a statistically significant decrement in the body weight, decreased activity in the open field experiment represented by delay in movement, and decrease in the crossing lines. The brain showed histopathological changes such as congestion, bleeding and inflammatory cell infiltration. The lesion was more severe when exposed to high concentrations especially during the first 24 hours. Conclusion : The results of the current study demonstrated that ceftriaxone caused behavioral toxic effects in addition to histological changes in the brain especially with acute administration.","PeriodicalId":8334,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the College of Medicine, Mosul","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83958188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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