Pub Date : 1998-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-46856-8_16
H G Neumann, I Zwirner-Baier, C van Dorp
{"title":"Markers of exposure to aromatic amines and nitro-PAH.","authors":"H G Neumann, I Zwirner-Baier, C van Dorp","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-46856-8_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46856-8_16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8353,"journal":{"name":"Archives of toxicology. Supplement. = Archiv fur Toxikologie. Supplement","volume":"20 ","pages":"179-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20371839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-46856-8_18
P L Carmichael
{"title":"Detection of low levels of DNA damage arising from exposure of humans to chemical carcinogens.","authors":"P L Carmichael","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-46856-8_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46856-8_18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8353,"journal":{"name":"Archives of toxicology. Supplement. = Archiv fur Toxikologie. Supplement","volume":"20 ","pages":"199-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20368450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-46856-8_20
K Macé, E A Offord, C C Harris, A M Pfeifer
Many natural dietary phytochemicals found compounds found in fruits, vegetables, spices and tea have been shown in recent years to be protective against cancer in various animal models. In the light of the potential impact of these compounds on human health it is important to elucidate the mechanisms involved. We therefore developed and characterized relevant in vitro models using immortalized human epithelial cell lines derived from target tissues in carcinogenesis, such as lung, liver and colon. Assays were established, allowing the evaluation of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of various procarcinogens, including nitrosamines, mycotoxins and heterocyclic amines on these metabolically-competent human epithelial cell lines. These cellular models appeared to be a useful tool to study the capacity of certain food components to block the initiation stage of carcinogenesis. The ability of carnosol and carnosic acid from rosemary as well as the synthetic dithiolethione, oltipraz, to block the formation of DNA adducts, and their effects on the expression of phase I and phase II enzymes was investigated. We have observed that both rosemary extracts and oltipraz inhibited benzo(a)pyrene- or aflatoxin B1-induced DNA adduct formation by strongly inhibiting CYP450 activities and inducing the expression of glutathione S-transferase. These results in human cell models give some insight into the different mechanisms involved in the chemopreventive action of both natural and synthetic compounds in relation to phase I and phase II enzymes.
{"title":"Development of in vitro models for cellular and molecular studies in toxicology and chemoprevention.","authors":"K Macé, E A Offord, C C Harris, A M Pfeifer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-46856-8_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46856-8_20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many natural dietary phytochemicals found compounds found in fruits, vegetables, spices and tea have been shown in recent years to be protective against cancer in various animal models. In the light of the potential impact of these compounds on human health it is important to elucidate the mechanisms involved. We therefore developed and characterized relevant in vitro models using immortalized human epithelial cell lines derived from target tissues in carcinogenesis, such as lung, liver and colon. Assays were established, allowing the evaluation of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of various procarcinogens, including nitrosamines, mycotoxins and heterocyclic amines on these metabolically-competent human epithelial cell lines. These cellular models appeared to be a useful tool to study the capacity of certain food components to block the initiation stage of carcinogenesis. The ability of carnosol and carnosic acid from rosemary as well as the synthetic dithiolethione, oltipraz, to block the formation of DNA adducts, and their effects on the expression of phase I and phase II enzymes was investigated. We have observed that both rosemary extracts and oltipraz inhibited benzo(a)pyrene- or aflatoxin B1-induced DNA adduct formation by strongly inhibiting CYP450 activities and inducing the expression of glutathione S-transferase. These results in human cell models give some insight into the different mechanisms involved in the chemopreventive action of both natural and synthetic compounds in relation to phase I and phase II enzymes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8353,"journal":{"name":"Archives of toxicology. Supplement. = Archiv fur Toxikologie. Supplement","volume":"20 ","pages":"227-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20368452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-46856-8_30
S I Olsen, M Z Hauschild
{"title":"Assessing toxicological impacts in life cycle assessment.","authors":"S I Olsen, M Z Hauschild","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-46856-8_30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46856-8_30","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8353,"journal":{"name":"Archives of toxicology. Supplement. = Archiv fur Toxikologie. Supplement","volume":"20 ","pages":"331-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20368462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-60682-3_15
M Herrchen, W Klein
{"title":"Is sustainable development a practical possibility given the continued use of plant protection products?--the scientific view.","authors":"M Herrchen, W Klein","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-60682-3_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60682-3_15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8353,"journal":{"name":"Archives of toxicology. Supplement. = Archiv fur Toxikologie. Supplement","volume":"19 ","pages":"167-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20032065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-60682-3_33
M A Sogorb, S Bas, L M Gutiérrez, E Vilanova, S Viniegra
{"title":"Bovine chromaffin cells as in vitro model for the study of non-cholinergic toxic effects of organophosphorus compounds.","authors":"M A Sogorb, S Bas, L M Gutiérrez, E Vilanova, S Viniegra","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-60682-3_33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60682-3_33","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8353,"journal":{"name":"Archives of toxicology. Supplement. = Archiv fur Toxikologie. Supplement","volume":"19 ","pages":"347-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20032630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-60682-3_35
D Schrenk, M Müller, G Merlino, S S Thorgeirsson
{"title":"Interactions of TCDD with signal transduction and neoplastic development in c-myc transgenic and TGF-alpha transgenic mice.","authors":"D Schrenk, M Müller, G Merlino, S S Thorgeirsson","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-60682-3_35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60682-3_35","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8353,"journal":{"name":"Archives of toxicology. Supplement. = Archiv fur Toxikologie. Supplement","volume":"19 ","pages":"367-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20031878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-60682-3_26
A Ferrer, E Civeira, P Lopez, B Loren
{"title":"The use of antidotes in the management of central nervous system depression.","authors":"A Ferrer, E Civeira, P Lopez, B Loren","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-60682-3_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60682-3_26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8353,"journal":{"name":"Archives of toxicology. Supplement. = Archiv fur Toxikologie. Supplement","volume":"19 ","pages":"289-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20032623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-60682-3_19
P A Steerenberg, P H Fischer, L van Bree, H van Loveren
{"title":"Nasal lavage biomarkers in air pollution epidemiology.","authors":"P A Steerenberg, P H Fischer, L van Bree, H van Loveren","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-60682-3_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60682-3_19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8353,"journal":{"name":"Archives of toxicology. Supplement. = Archiv fur Toxikologie. Supplement","volume":"19 ","pages":"207-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/978-3-642-60682-3_19","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20032616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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