Pub Date : 2014-12-01Epub Date: 2014-08-19DOI: 10.1515/dx-2014-0035
Daniel R Murphy, Hardeep Singh, Leonard Berlin
Timely and accurate communication is essential to safe and effective health care. Despite increased awareness over the past decade of the frequency of medical errors and greater efforts directed towards improving patient safety, patient harm due to communication breakdowns remains a significant problem. Communication problems related to diagnostic testing may account for nearly half of all errors made by typical primary care physicians in their medical practices. This article provides an overview of communication breakdowns in the context of radiology related diagnostic errors. In radiology, communication breakdowns between radiologists, referring clinicians, and patients can lead to failure of critical information to be relayed, resulting in delayed or missed diagnosis. New technologies, such electronic health records (EHRs), contribute to the increasing complexity of communication in health care, but if used correctly, they can provide several benefits to safe and effective communication. To address the complexity of communication breakdowns, a multifaceted sociotechnical approach is needed to address both technical and non-technical aspects of health care delivery. The article also provides some future directions in reducing communication breakdowns related to diagnostic testing, including proactive risk assessment of communication practices using recently released SAFER self-assessment guides.
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Pub Date : 2013-12-01DOI: 10.17161/ygas.v48i.18755
R. Frizzell
Historians continue to debate the character o f the American Civil War nearly a century and a half after its end. Mark Neely, in a Harvard University Press monograph entitled The Civil War and the Limits o f Destruction, has challenged James McPherson’s characterization o f the war between North and South as a “total war.” Neely contends the Civil War was “remarkable for its traditional restraint.” In reviewing Neely’s book, McPherson said in his own defense that while the war may not have been the “total war” that he called it a few decades ago, it was certainly a “hard war,” filled with property destruction and civilian death.' Both McPherson and Neely use events in Missouri as a central pillar to support their contrasting positions. O f Missouri, McPherson says. That state had a civil war within the Civil War, a war o f neighbor against neighbor and sometimes literally brother against brother, an armed conflict along the Kansas border, which went back to 1854 and never really stopped, o f ugly, vicious, no-holds-barred bushwhacking that came close to total war.” ̂ Neely, in writing o f Price’s 1864 raid into Missouri, says “Neither side fought without restraint. Neither unleashed the full fury o f unbridled wrath. Events remained under control.”^ This paper is not going to resolve the dispute between two o f Americas most respected Civil War historians, but it does assert that the guerrilla warfare in western Missouri in 1864 was, in one respect, worse than historians have known up to now. Specifically, there are good reasons to believe that “Bloody Bill” Anderson’s men gang-raped a significant number o f German immigrant women along the Lafayette County border on October 10, 1864.
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Pub Date : 2013-12-01DOI: 10.17161/ygas.v48i.18762
YGAS Editors
{"title":"Theses and Dissertations in German-American Studies 2000-2013","authors":"YGAS Editors","doi":"10.17161/ygas.v48i.18762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17161/ygas.v48i.18762","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83559,"journal":{"name":"Yearbook of German-American studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67528537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-01DOI: 10.17161/ygas.v48i.18758
B. Schwantes
Jacob Frederick Schoellkopf immigrated to the United States in 1842 and through a combination of thoughtful, strategic decision-making and a fair dose of luck, built a family empire in and around Buffalo, New York, that he passed down to his son and grandsons. Trained in Wurttemberg as a tanner, he took major risks in the U.S. by venturing into commercial sectors in which he had no knowledge or experience. Yet, by working closely with native-born Americans who were experts in these fields and by sending his children back to Germany for further education, he found himself on the cut ting edge of a number of fields including hydroelectric power generation and aniline dye production. His life offers an instructive case study in serial en trepreneurship and illustrates the transatlantic flows of financial and human capital that contributed to the Second Industrial Revolution in the United States during the late nineteenth century.'
雅各布·弗雷德里克·肖尔科夫(Jacob Frederick Schoellkopf)于1842年移民到美国，通过深思熟虑的战略决策和相当程度的运气，他在纽约州布法罗及其周边地区建立了一个家族帝国，并把这个帝国传给了他的儿子和孙子。在符腾堡受训成为制革工人后，他在美国冒了很大的风险，进入了他毫无知识和经验的商业领域。然而，通过与这些领域的美国本土专家密切合作，并将他的孩子送回德国接受进一步教育，他发现自己在水力发电和苯胺染料生产等多个领域处于领先地位。他的一生为一系列创业提供了有益的案例研究，并说明了跨大西洋的金融和人力资本流动对19世纪后期美国的第二次工业革命做出了贡献。
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Pub Date : 2013-12-01DOI: 10.17161/ygas.v48i.18759
Atiba Pertilla
This paper offers a synthesis of research on the history ofGerman-American banking firms, and particularly firms run by German-Jewish immigrants and their descendants, and their role in the financing of American investment from the Civil War through World War II. The history of American development in this period is in large part a history of the increasing importance of New York City’s financial community—Wall Street— in the process by which governments, transportation companies, and entrepreneurs obtained the high amounts of capital they needed for large-scale projects ranging from the funds to fight the Civil War to the money to build the transcontinental railroads to the financing needs of mass retailers and heavy industry. A handful of small banking firms headquartered in the Wall Street neighborhood, employing no more than a few dozen to two hundred workers, yet helping to facilitate the investment of tens of millions of dollars, were central to this history. This overview focuses on four of these firms: J. & W. Seligman & Co.; Kuhn, Loeb & Co.; Lehman Brothers; and Goldman Sachs.
本文综合研究了德裔美国银行公司的历史，特别是由德裔犹太移民及其后代经营的公司，以及他们在内战到第二次世界大战期间为美国投资融资所扮演的角色。这一时期的美国发展史在很大程度上就是纽约市金融界华尔街重要性日益增强的历史。在这一过程中，政府、运输公司和企业家获得了大规模项目所需的大量资金，从打内战的资金到修建横贯大陆铁路的资金，再到大众零售商和重工业的融资需求。总部设在华尔街附近的几家小型银行公司，雇佣的员工不超过几十到200人，但却帮助促进了数千万美元的投资，这是这段历史的核心。本文重点介绍了其中四家公司:J. & W. Seligman & Co.;库恩，勒布公司;雷曼兄弟(Lehman Brothers);和高盛。
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Pub Date : 2013-12-01DOI: 10.17161/ygas.v48i.18754
Sandra Rebok
{"title":"Thomas Jefferson and Germany: His Travel Experience, Scientific and Phibsophical Influences","authors":"Sandra Rebok","doi":"10.17161/ygas.v48i.18754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17161/ygas.v48i.18754","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83559,"journal":{"name":"Yearbook of German-American studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67528857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-01DOI: 10.17161/ygas.v48i.18756
Hans-Peter Baum
Max Mohr, the subject o f this essay,' was one of the rising stars o f the German theater in the 1920s, but was almost completely forgotten soon after he went into exile and in the post-war years, as well. Only recently have there been signs o f a renewed interest in him and his literary works. This essay will emphasize three aspects: first o f all, with the help o f some short biographical notes, it wants to make Max Mohr better known to students o f German literature in America where only little, if any, notice has been taken o f him. Secondly, it presents a short review of Mohrs literary oeuvre and his place in the German literature o f the 1920s and early 1930s. Lastly, it is intended to throw some light on Shanghai as an important, but less well-known place o f exile for German and Austrian Jews during the years o f National Socialist rule in Central Europe. The extent to which Max Mohr was forgotten can be seen from a short perusal o f biographical handbooks as well as histories and encyclopedias o f German literature. Vol. 17 o f the Neue Deutsche Biographie (containing the letter M) which appeared in 1994 does not mention him at all;^ neither does the authoritative Lexikon der deutschsprachigen Gegenwartsliteratur, 2nd edition, o f 1987.^ The same is true o f two shorter encyclopedias o f literature popular with students, i.e.. Kroner’s Deutsche Schrifisteller der Gegenwart and Rowohlt’s Autorenlexikon deutschsprachiger Literatur des 20. Jahrhunderts.^ The widely used Metzler Lexikon Autoren does not contain his name in its 4th edition of 2010.^ This may be seen as atypical considering the very recent publication date o f this reference work and the renewed interest in Mohr mentioned above. The Deutsche Literatur-Lexikon, 3rd edition, o f 1986 has
本文的主人公马克斯·莫尔(Max Mohr)是20世纪20年代德国戏剧界冉冉升起的一颗新星，但在他流亡后不久以及战后的岁月里，他几乎被完全遗忘了。直到最近才有迹象表明，人们对他和他的文学作品重新产生了兴趣。这篇文章将强调三个方面:首先，借助一些简短的传记笔记，它想让美国的德国文学学生更好地了解马克斯·莫尔，因为他很少被注意到，如果有的话。其次，简要回顾了莫尔的文学作品及其在20世纪20年代至30年代初德国文学中的地位。最后，它的目的是让人们了解上海是一个重要的，但不太为人所知的地方，是纳粹统治中欧期间德国和奥地利犹太人流亡的地方。马克斯·莫尔被遗忘的程度可以从简短阅读传记手册、历史和德国文学百科全书中看出。1994年出版的《新德意志传记》第17卷(包含字母M)根本没有提到他;权威的《德意志文学词典》(lexkon der deutschsprachigen gegenwartsliterature)， 1987年第2版也没有提到他。同样的情况也发生在两本较短的百科全书上，也就是在学生中很受欢迎的文学。克罗纳的《德国文学》和罗沃尔特的《德国文学》。Jahrhunderts。^广泛使用的Metzler lexkon Autoren在2010年第四版中没有包含他的名字。^这可能被视为非典型考虑到最近的出版日期，这一参考工作和重新燃起的兴趣在莫尔上面提到。《德意志文学词典》，第三版，1986年出版
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Pub Date : 2013-12-01DOI: 10.17161/ygas.v48i.18760
Paul Hostettler, L. Schelbert
{"title":"Of Bernese Tdufen A^ects of Local Origins, Familial Growth, Migrations, and General Attitude as Reflected in Pre-1750 Archival Sources","authors":"Paul Hostettler, L. Schelbert","doi":"10.17161/ygas.v48i.18760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17161/ygas.v48i.18760","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83559,"journal":{"name":"Yearbook of German-American studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67528484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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