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Positron beams and two-photon exchange: The key to precision form factors 正电子束和双光子交换:精密成形因素的关键
Pub Date : 2018-04-18 DOI: 10.1063/1.5040203
J. Bernauer
The proton elastic form factor ratio can be measured either via Rosenbluth separation in an unpolarized beam and target experiment, or via the use of polarization degrees of freedom. However, data produced by these two approaches show a discrepancy, increasing with $Q^2$. The proposed explanation of this discrepancy---two-photon exchange---has been tested recently by three experiments. The results support the existence of a small two-photon exchange effect but cannot establish that theoretical treatment at the measured momentum transfers are valid. At larger momentum transfers, theory remains untested. This paper investigates the possibilities of measurements at DESY and Jefferson Lab to measure the effect at larger momentum transfers.
质子弹性形状因子比可以通过在非偏振光束和靶实验中的Rosenbluth分离来测量,也可以通过使用偏振自由度来测量。然而,这两种方法产生的数据显示出差异,随着Q^2$的增加而增加。对这种差异提出的解释——双光子交换——最近已经通过三个实验进行了验证。结果支持存在一个小的双光子交换效应,但不能确定理论处理在测量动量转移是有效的。在更大的动量转移下,理论仍未经检验。本文探讨了在DESY和杰弗逊实验室测量大动量转移效应的可能性。
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引用次数: 1
Gamma-widths, lifetimes and fluctuations in the nuclear quasi-continuum 核准连续体的伽马宽度,寿命和波动
Pub Date : 2018-04-03 DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201817806001
M. Guttormsen, A. Larsen, J. E. Midtbø, L. C. Campo, A. Görgen, V. W. Ingeberg, T. Renstrøm, S. Siem, G. Tveten, F. Zeiser, L. Kirsch
Statistical $gamma$-decay from highly excited states is determined by the nuclear level density (NLD) and the $gamma$-ray strength function ($gamma$SF). These average quantities have been measured for several nuclei using the Oslo method. For the first time, we exploit the NLD and $gamma$SF to evaluate the $gamma$-width in the energy region below the neutron binding energy, often called the quasi-continuum region. The lifetimes of states in the quasi-continuum are important benchmarks for a theoretical description of nuclear structure and dynamics at high temperature. The lifetimes may also have impact on reaction rates for the rapid neutron-capture process, now demonstrated to take place in neutron star mergers.
高激发态的统计衰减由核能级密度(NLD)和射线强度函数($gamma$SF)决定。这些平均量已经用奥斯陆方法测量了几个原子核。我们首次利用NLD和$gamma$SF来计算中子结合能以下的能量区域(通常称为准连续区)的$gamma$-宽度。准连续介质中状态的寿命是高温下核结构和动力学理论描述的重要基准。寿命也可能对快速中子捕获过程的反应速率产生影响,现在已经证明发生在中子星合并中。
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引用次数: 0
The Majorana Demonstrator Status and Preliminary Results 马约拉纳示范现状及初步结果
Pub Date : 2018-03-29 DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201817801006
C. -. Yu, S. Alvis, I. Arnquist, F. Avignone, A. Barabash, C. Barton, F. Bertrand, T. Bode, V. Brudanin, M. Busch, M. Buuck, T. Caldwell, Y. Chan, C. Christofferson, P. Chu, C. Cuesta, J. Detwiler, C. Dunagan, Y. Efremenko, H. Ejiri, S. Elliott, T. Gilliss, G. Giovanetti, M. Green, J. Gruszko, I. Guinn, V. Guiseppe, C. Haufe, L. Hehn, R. Henning, E. Hoppe, M. Howe, K. Keeter, M. Kidd, S. Konovalov, R. Kouzes, A. M. Lopez, R. Martin, R. Massarczyk, S. Meijer, S. Mertens, J. Myslik, G. Othman, W. Pettus, A. Poon, D. Radford, J. Rager, A. Reine, K. Rielage, N. Ruff, B. Shanks, M. Shirchenko, A. Suriano, D. Tedeschi, R. Varner, S. Vasilyev, K. Vetter, K. Vorren, B. White, J. Wilkerson, C. Wiseman, W. Xu, E. Yakushev, V. Yumatov, I. Zhitnikov, B. M. L. A. N. Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tn, Usa, Center for High Energy Physics, Astrophysics, D. Physics, U. Washington, Wa, P. N. N. Laboratory, Richland, Astronomy, U. O. N. Carolina, Columbia, Sc, N. Center, K. Institute, Institute for Theoretical, E. Physics, Moscow, 
The Majorana Collaboration is using an array of high-purity Ge detectors to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in 76Ge. Searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay are understood to be the only viable experimental method for testing the Majorana nature of the neutrino. Observation of this decay would imply violation of lepton number, that neutrinos are Majorana in nature, and provide information on the neutrino mass. The Majorana Demonstrator comprises 44.1 kg of p-type point-contact Ge detectors (29.7 kg enriched in 76Ge) surrounded by a low-background shield system. The experiment achieved a high efficiency of converting raw Ge material to detectors and an unprecedented detector energy resolution of 2.5 keV FWHM at Q$_{betabeta}$. The Majorana collaboration began taking physics data in 2016. This paper summarizes key construction aspects of the Demonstrator and shows preliminary results from initial data.
马约拉纳合作小组正在使用一组高纯度的锗探测器来寻找76Ge中的中微子双β衰变。寻找无中微子的双β衰变被认为是测试中微子马约拉纳性质的唯一可行的实验方法。对这种衰变的观测将意味着轻子数的违反,即中微子在本质上是马约拉纳的,并提供有关中微子质量的信息。马约拉纳演示器由44.1千克p型点接触锗探测器(富集76Ge 29.7千克)组成,周围是低背景屏蔽系统。实验实现了将原始锗材料高效率地转化为探测器,并在Q$_{betabeta}$处获得了前所未有的2.5 keV FWHM探测器能量分辨率。马约拉纳项目于2016年开始采集物理数据。本文总结了验证机的关键构造方面,并从初始数据中给出了初步结果。
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引用次数: 1
Main features of detectors and isotopes to investigate double beta decay with increased sensitivity 探测器和同位素的主要特点,以提高灵敏度来研究双β衰变
Pub Date : 2018-03-19 DOI: 10.1142/S0217751X18430017
A. Barabash
The current situation in double beta decay experiments , the characteristics of modern detectors and the possibility of increasing the sensitivity to neutrino mass in future experiments are discussed. The issue of the production and use of enriched isotopes in double beta decay experiments is discussed in addition.
讨论了双β衰变实验的现状、现代探测器的特点以及在未来实验中提高对中微子质量灵敏度的可能性。此外,还讨论了双β衰变实验中富集同位素的生产和使用问题。
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引用次数: 18
Positrons at JLab advancing nuclear science in Hall B JLab的正电子推动核科学的发展
Pub Date : 2018-03-15 DOI: 10.1063/1.5040195
V. Burkert
In this talk I address two high impact physics programs that require the use of polarized and unpolarized positron beams in addition to using electron beams of the same energy. First, I address what will be gained from using positron beams in addition to electron beams in the extraction of the Compton Form Factors (CFFs) and generalized parton distributions (GPDs) from Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) on a proton target. As a second high impact science program I discuss an experimental scenario using unpolarized positrons to measure elastic scattering on protons in an effort to determine definitively the 2-photon exchange contributions in order to resolve a longstanding discrepancy in the determination of the proton’s electric and magnetic form factors.
在这次演讲中,我将介绍两个高影响物理项目,除了使用相同能量的电子束外,还需要使用极化和非极化的正电子束。首先,我将讨论在质子目标上从深度虚拟康普顿散射(DVCS)中提取康普顿形状因子(cff)和广义部子分布(GPDs)时,除了电子束外,使用正电子束将获得什么。作为第二个高影响力的科学项目,我讨论了一个实验方案,使用非极化正电子来测量质子上的弹性散射,以明确地确定双光子交换的贡献,以解决长期以来在确定质子的电和磁形状因素方面的差异。
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引用次数: 0
The kaonic atoms research program at DAΦNE: from SIDDHARTA to SIDDHARTA-2 介子原子研究计划在DAΦNE:从悉达多到悉达多-2
Pub Date : 2018-03-07 DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201818101004
A. Scordo, A. Amirkhani, M. Bazzi, G. Bellotti, C. Berucci, D. Bosnar, A. Bragadireanu, M. Cargnelli, C. Curceanu, A. Butt, R. D. Grande, L. Fabbietti, C. Fiorini, F. Ghio, C. Guaraldo, R. Hayano, M. Iliescu, M. Iwasaki, P. Sandri, J. Marton, M. Miliucci, P. Moskal, D. Pietreanu, K. Piscicchia, H. Shi, M. Silarski, D. Sirghi, F. Sirghi, M. Skurzok, A. Spallone, H. Tatsuno, O. Doce, E. Widmann, J. Zmeskal
The interaction of antikaons with nucleons and nuclei in the low-energy regime represents an active research field in hadron physics with still many important open questions. The investigation of light kaonic atoms, in which one electron is replaced by a negatively charged kaon, is a unique tool to provide precise information on this interaction; the energy shift and the broadening of the low-lying states of such atoms, induced by the kaon-nucleus hadronic interaction, can be determined with high precision from the atomic X-ray spectroscopy, and this experimental method provides unique information to understand the low energy kaon-nucleus interaction at the production threshold. The lightest atomic systems, like the kaonic hydrogen and the kaonic deuterium deliver, in a model-independent way, the isospin-dependent kaon-nucleon scattering lengths. The most precise kaonic hydrogen measurement to-date, together with an exploratory measurement of kaonic deuterium, were carried out in 2009 by the SIDDHARTA collaboration at the DAΦNE electron-positron collider of LNF-INFN, combining the excellent quality kaon beam delivered by the collider with new experimental techniques, as fast and very precise X-ray detectors, like the Silicon Drift Detectors. The SIDDHARTA results triggered new theoretical work, which achieved major progress in the understanding of the low-energy strong interaction with strangeness reflected by the antikaon-nucleon scattering lengths calculated with the antikaon-proton amplitudes constrained by the SIDDHARTA data. The most important open question is the experimental determination of the hadronic energy shift and width of kaonic deuterium; presently, a major upgrade of the setup, SIDDHARTA-2, is being realized to reach this goal. In this paper, the results obtained in 2009 and the proposed SIDDHARTA-2 upgrades are presented.
反介子与核子和原子核在低能区的相互作用是强子物理学中一个活跃的研究领域,但仍有许多重要的问题有待解决。对光介子原子(其中一个电子被带负电的介子取代)的研究是提供这种相互作用精确信息的独特工具;原子x射线光谱可以高精度地测定由质子-核强子相互作用引起的低洼态的能量转移和展宽,该实验方法为理解低能质子-核相互作用的产生阈值提供了独特的信息。最轻的原子系统,如kaonic氢和kaonic氘,以一种与模型无关的方式,传递与同位旋相关的kaon-nucleon散射长度。2009年,在LNF-INFN的DAΦNE正电子对撞机上,SIDDHARTA合作进行了迄今为止最精确的kaonic氢测量,以及对kaonic氘的探索性测量,将对撞机提供的优质kaon光束与新的实验技术相结合,如快速和非常精确的x射线探测器,如硅漂移探测器。SIDDHARTA的结果引发了新的理论工作,在理解反介子-核子散射长度反映的与奇异度的低能强相互作用方面取得了重大进展,反介子-核子散射长度由SIDDHARTA数据约束的反介子-质子振幅计算而得。最重要的开放问题是实验确定强子能移和kaonic氘的宽度;目前,为了实现这一目标,一个主要的升级装置,SIDDHARTA-2,正在实现。本文介绍了2009年取得的成果和提出的SIDDHARTA-2升级方案。
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引用次数: 3
Beam energy and system dependence of rapidity-even dipolar flow 快速偶极流的束流能量与系统依赖关系
Pub Date : 2018-02-12 DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201817116002
N. Magdy
New measurements of rapidity-even dipolar flow, v$^{even}_{1}$, are presented for several transverse momenta, $p_T$, and centrality intervals in Au+Au collisions at $sqrt{s_{NN}}~=~200,~39$ and $19.6$ GeV, U+U collisions at $sqrt{s_{NN}}~=~193$ GeV, and Cu+Au, Cu+Cu, d+Au and p+Au collisions at $sqrt{s_{NN}}~=~200$~GeV. The v$^{even}_{1}$ shows characteristic dependencies on $p_{T}$, centrality, collision system and $sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$, consistent with the expectation from a hydrodynamic-like expansion to the dipolar fluctuation in the initial state. These measurements could serve as constraints to distinguish between different initial-state models, and aid a more reliable extraction of the specific viscosity $eta/s$.
在$sqrt{s_{NN}}~=~200,~39$和$19.6$ GeV, $sqrt{s_{NN}}~=~193$ GeV, $sqrt{s_{NN}}~=~200$~GeV, $sqrt{s_{NN}}~=~200$~GeV, $sqrt{s_{NN}}, Cu+Au, Cu+Cu, d+Au和p+Au碰撞中,给出了快速偶极流v$^{even}_{1}$的几个横向动量,$p_T$和中心性区间。v$^{偶数}_{1}$对$p_{T}$、中心性、碰撞系统和$sqrt{s_{_{NN}} $表现出特征依赖关系,这与从类流体力学展开到初始态偶极涨落的期望一致。这些测量可以作为区分不同初始状态模型的约束条件,并有助于更可靠地提取特定粘度$eta/s$。
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引用次数: 1
Study of Multi-neutron Systems with SAMURAI Spectrometer 用SAMURAI光谱仪研究多中子系统
Pub Date : 2018-02-09 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-32357-8_87
Z. Yang, F. Marqu'es, N. Achouri, D. Ahn, T. Aumann, H. Baba, D. Beaumel, M. Bohmer, K. Boretzky, M. Caamano, S. Chen, N. Chiga, M.L.Cort'es, D. Cortina, P. Doornenbal, C. Douma, F. Dufter, J. Feng, B.Fern'andez-Dom'inguez, Z. Elekes, U. Forsberg, T. Fujino, N. Fukuda, I.Gavspari'c, Z. Ge, R. Gernhauser, J. Gheller, J. Gibelin, A. Gillibert, B.M.Godoy, Z. Hal'asz, T. Harada, M. Harakeh, A. Hirayama, S.W.Huang, N. Inabe, T. Isobe, J. Kahlbow, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, D.Kim, S. Kim, M. Knosel, T. Kobayashi, Y. Kondo, P. Koseoglou, Y.Kubota, I. Kuti, C. Lehr, P. Li, Y. Liu, Y. Maeda, S. Masuoka, M.Matsumoto, J. Mayer, H. Miki, M. Miwa, I. Murray, T. Nakamura, A.Obertelli, N. Orr, H. Otsu, V. Panin, S. Park, M. Pârlog, S. Paschalis, M.Potlog, S. Reichert, A. Revel, D. Rossi, A. Saito, M. Sasano, H. Sato, H.Scheit, F. Schindler, T. Shimada, Y. Shimizu, S. Shimoura, I. Stefan, S.Storck, L. Stuhl, H. Suzuki, D. Symochko, H. Takeda, S. Takeuchi, J.Tanaka, Y. Togano, T. Tomai, H. T. T. J. Tscheuschner, T.Uesaka, V
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引用次数: 1
The Hoyle State in Relativistic $$^{12}$$C Dissociation 相对论中的霍伊尔态$$^{12}$$ C解离
Pub Date : 2018-02-09 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-32357-8_24
D. Artemenkov, M. Haiduc, N. K. Kornegrutsa, E. Mitsova, N. Peresadko, V. Rusakova, R. Stanoeva, A. Zaitsev, P. Zarubin, I. Zarubina
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引用次数: 3
Electronic catalogue of muonic X-rays 介子x射线电子目录
Pub Date : 2018-01-22 DOI: 10.1051/EPJCONF/201817703006
D. Zinatulina, C. Briančon, V. Brudanin, V. Egorov, L. Perevoshchikov, M. Shirchenko, I. Yutlandov, C. Petitjean
{$mu$}X-ray spectra for Z=9-90 were measured with HPGe detectors and muonic beams of PSI (Villigen, Switzerland). The results are presented as electronic atlas composed of graphic plots. The atlas is available at JINR site.
{$mu$}用HPGe探测器和PSI (Villigen, Switzerland)的介子束测量了Z=9-90的x射线光谱。结果以图表组成的电子地图集的形式呈现。该地图集可在JINR网站获得。
{"title":"Electronic catalogue of muonic X-rays","authors":"D. Zinatulina, C. Briančon, V. Brudanin, V. Egorov, L. Perevoshchikov, M. Shirchenko, I. Yutlandov, C. Petitjean","doi":"10.1051/EPJCONF/201817703006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/EPJCONF/201817703006","url":null,"abstract":"{$mu$}X-ray spectra for Z=9-90 were measured with HPGe detectors and muonic beams of PSI (Villigen, Switzerland). The results are presented as electronic atlas composed of graphic plots. The atlas is available at JINR site.","PeriodicalId":8464,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Nuclear Experiment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83804453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
期刊
arXiv: Nuclear Experiment
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