Journal of the Australian Population Association最新文献

"This paper points out that limitations in official census data for Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders draw into question the validity of trend analysis based on time series data for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC) regional council areas.... Following discussion of [the] problems, detailed figures showing changes in the size of the Aboriginal and Islander populations and labour force in each council area are presented using 1976 as the base year. As expected, geographic patterns of population and labour-force change are difficult to discern and exact reasons for comparative growth or decline are impossible to determine. The paper concludes that reverse projections for regional council areas using 1991 Census data would provide a more reliable basis for establishing demographic trends."

"With the increasing interest in the impact of immigration on the character of...Australia's population it is useful to draw attention to the differences that can occur when comparisons of the immigrant and the host population with respect to socioeconomic status are based on aggregate rather than on disaggregate measures. In this paper the discussion focuses on the implications of not disaggregating by age and sex, with respect to such variables as: post-school qualifications, occupation, and labour-force participation, using the total overseas-born population in Australia as an example. The analysis demonstrates the fact that the different age structures of the immigrant and the host populations can result in deficiencies in the aggregate rates."

"The paper examines the post-1971 reduction in Australian mortality in light of data on causes of death. Multiple-decrement life tables for eleven leading causes of death by sex are calculated and the incidence of each cause of death is presented in terms of the values of the life table functions. The study found that in the overall decline in mortality over the last 20 years significant changes occurred in the contribution of the various causes to total mortality.... The sex-age-cause-specific incidence of mortality changed and the median age at death increased for all causes except for deaths due to motor-vehicle accidents for both sexes and suicide for males. The paper also deciphers the gains in the expectation of life at birth over various time periods and the sex-differentials in the expectation of life at birth at a point in time in terms of the contributions made by the various sex-age-cause-specific mortality rates."

"Factors influencing the suicide rates of numerous immigrants in groups in Australia, Canada, England and Wales, and the United States during the period 1959-73 were examined.... For males, the foreign-born in England and Wales had the lowest suicide rates and the foreign-born in the United States the highest. For females the variation was smaller, with immigrants in the United States having the lowest rates, and those in Australia the highest.... In each destination significant correlations existed between the suicide rates of the immigrants and those of the origin populations, indicating that the suicide rates for individual immigrant groups were to some extent predisposed by their experiences in the origin countries. Factors in the destination country also influenced immigrant suicide rates, as the rates of the majority of the immigrant groups converged towards the rates of the destination native-born.... The analyses also suggested that migration is more deleterious for females than males."

"This article discusses the statistics commonly used for judging whether immigrants are more or less likely than those born in Australia to receive social security payments...[taking] into account the eligibility conditions applying to different payments, and the effect of differences between the age distributions of different birthplace groups....The article presents estimates of social security receipt in 1989....The statistics discussed here do not prove that immigrants are either overrepresented or underrepresented in the social security system.... This article has, however, supported the view that Australians born in Vietnam and in Lebanon do have higher levels of social-security receipt than other immigrant groups.... This result implies that after Aborigines, these groups are likely to have the lowest economic status in Australian society."

The author examines responses to a question on ancestry that was included in the 1986 census of Australia, with a focus on consistencies between the responses of parents and children. It is found that "the level of consistency was more than 90 per cent when both parents were of the same ancestry; when parents were of different or mixed ancestries, the level of consistency was lower. It was estimated that about 75 per cent of all dependent children had an ancestry response consistent with that of the parent or parents with whom they lived."