Pub Date : 2023-02-07DOI: 10.55493/5003.v13i1.4720
A. Faye, A. Faye, T. Diome, M. Sembéne
The objective of this study is to determine the diversity and genetic structure of cowpea weevil populations in the different agro-ecological zones of Senegal. Thus, to achieve this objective, individuals of Callosobruchus maculatus from localities in each zone were used, after sampling and massive breeding. The sequenced gene is Cyt-B. The results showed high haplotypic diversity (0.901 ±0.00033) and low nucleotide diversity (0.010 ±0.0000003). These diversities studied by agro-ecological zone show that the Casamance zone has the greatest haplotypic diversity (0.901; P>0.05) while the eastern Senegal zone has the lowest value (0.439; P>0.05). The nucleotide diversity is lower in the Sylvo-pastoral zone (0.00112; P<0.05) and higher in the Casamance zone (0.01052; P<0.05). The genetic structuring shows that the Senegal River Valley-eastern Senegal zone couple is more differentiated [FST(Fixation index)]=0.70687; P<0.05) and the Casamance-Groundnut Basin zone couple is less differentiated (FST=0.21248; P<0.05). The greatest genetic distance was found between the Sylvo-pastoral zone and the River Valley and the smallest between the eastern Senegal zone and the River Valley. However, a significant genetic variation within the populations was noted (64.93%). Overall we have a low level of diversity and weakly structured populations except those of Tamba and Fouta. A slight influence of the zones was also noted.
{"title":"Genetic diversity and structure of Callosobruchus maculatus populations in the different agro-ecological zones of Senegal","authors":"A. Faye, A. Faye, T. Diome, M. Sembéne","doi":"10.55493/5003.v13i1.4720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5003.v13i1.4720","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to determine the diversity and genetic structure of cowpea weevil populations in the different agro-ecological zones of Senegal. Thus, to achieve this objective, individuals of Callosobruchus maculatus from localities in each zone were used, after sampling and massive breeding. The sequenced gene is Cyt-B. The results showed high haplotypic diversity (0.901 ±0.00033) and low nucleotide diversity (0.010 ±0.0000003). These diversities studied by agro-ecological zone show that the Casamance zone has the greatest haplotypic diversity (0.901; P>0.05) while the eastern Senegal zone has the lowest value (0.439; P>0.05). The nucleotide diversity is lower in the Sylvo-pastoral zone (0.00112; P<0.05) and higher in the Casamance zone (0.01052; P<0.05). The genetic structuring shows that the Senegal River Valley-eastern Senegal zone couple is more differentiated [FST(Fixation index)]=0.70687; P<0.05) and the Casamance-Groundnut Basin zone couple is less differentiated (FST=0.21248; P<0.05). The greatest genetic distance was found between the Sylvo-pastoral zone and the River Valley and the smallest between the eastern Senegal zone and the River Valley. However, a significant genetic variation within the populations was noted (64.93%). Overall we have a low level of diversity and weakly structured populations except those of Tamba and Fouta. A slight influence of the zones was also noted.","PeriodicalId":8540,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"213 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77502507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Waste Reduction, Biomass Conversion and Growth Performance of Black Soldier Fly Larvae Using Organic Waste","authors":"D. Mulu, F. Yimer, G. Opande, T. Bekele","doi":"10.3923/ajsr.2023.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/ajsr.2023.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8540,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82560673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-14DOI: 10.55493/5003.v12i4.4692
A. Owaid, D. Muhsen
As a result of advanced digital technology, we have become increasingly reliant on a global connectivity device such as laptops, tablets, and mobile phones. So, the interaction of human eyes with the industrial light of such devices becomes full of dangers caused by the short distance and the long duration of the view. With specific details, this study discusses and supports the physics of light-eye interaction. The physical treatment of light-eye interaction shows that the transmitted parts of the eye do not have a considerable amount of reflection, diffraction, scattering, or absorption of light rays, so they allow light to pass through them freely with some refraction. It has been established that about 98% of the incident light rays can pass through the eyes to reach the retina. The optical transmittance spectrum of the human eye has been shown to have a Gaussian shape with a center wavelength between 200 and 1400 nm. The duration of view, distance of vision, and shielding by a glassy substance have all been demonstrated to be effective procedures for protecting ourselves from the harmful effects of the screen light of handheld and tabletop digital devices. Moreover, it is reinforced that the prolonged viewing time on mobile devices is one of the most serious factors that leads to health problems in the eyes.
{"title":"Light-Eye Interaction Physics Review","authors":"A. Owaid, D. Muhsen","doi":"10.55493/5003.v12i4.4692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5003.v12i4.4692","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of advanced digital technology, we have become increasingly reliant on a global connectivity device such as laptops, tablets, and mobile phones. So, the interaction of human eyes with the industrial light of such devices becomes full of dangers caused by the short distance and the long duration of the view. With specific details, this study discusses and supports the physics of light-eye interaction. The physical treatment of light-eye interaction shows that the transmitted parts of the eye do not have a considerable amount of reflection, diffraction, scattering, or absorption of light rays, so they allow light to pass through them freely with some refraction. It has been established that about 98% of the incident light rays can pass through the eyes to reach the retina. The optical transmittance spectrum of the human eye has been shown to have a Gaussian shape with a center wavelength between 200 and 1400 nm. The duration of view, distance of vision, and shielding by a glassy substance have all been demonstrated to be effective procedures for protecting ourselves from the harmful effects of the screen light of handheld and tabletop digital devices. Moreover, it is reinforced that the prolonged viewing time on mobile devices is one of the most serious factors that leads to health problems in the eyes.","PeriodicalId":8540,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"PP 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84296851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-16DOI: 10.55493/5003.v12i4.4656
B. Ojiego, G. Ogu, Elizabeth O Ojo, Millicent C Oyekwulu, Z. Bello
The environmental risks associated with heavy metal pollutions are becoming worrisome. Hence, this study evaluated the environmental and human health risks of lead (Pb) accumulation in soil samples from solid waste dumpsites within Abuja, Nigeria. Soil samples (n=72) were collected (0-45 cm depth) from Abaji, Bwari, Gosa, Gwagwalada, Kuje, and Kwali dumpsites and 2 km away (control), and then analyzed for Pb using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The risks of Pb contaminations were then evaluated in soils and in individuals (Children and Adults) via inhalation and dermal contacts with soil using ecological and health risk equations. Pb concentrations in the dumpsites were below the permissible limits set by environmental protection agencies and were highest in Kuje dumpsite and lowest in Abaji dumpsite. The ecological pollution indices ranged from ‘low risks’ (at Bwari, Gosa, Gwagwalada dumpsites) to ‘very contamination risks’ (at Kuje and Kwali dumpsites). Daily dose for Pb via dermal contact pathways were higher and no significant lifetime health (non-carcer and cancer) risks were observed suggesting that inhalation and dermal routes pose very low health risk of Pb poisoning in both children (≤ 15 years) and adults (≤ 70 years). This study suggests that the concentration of Pb in the study dumpsites might cause more ecological risks than health hazards in exposed individuals via inhalation and dermal pathways.
{"title":"Environmental and Human Health Risks of Lead Accumulation in Soil Samples from Solid Waste Dumpsites within Abuja, Nigeria","authors":"B. Ojiego, G. Ogu, Elizabeth O Ojo, Millicent C Oyekwulu, Z. Bello","doi":"10.55493/5003.v12i4.4656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5003.v12i4.4656","url":null,"abstract":"The environmental risks associated with heavy metal pollutions are becoming worrisome. Hence, this study evaluated the environmental and human health risks of lead (Pb) accumulation in soil samples from solid waste dumpsites within Abuja, Nigeria. Soil samples (n=72) were collected (0-45 cm depth) from Abaji, Bwari, Gosa, Gwagwalada, Kuje, and Kwali dumpsites and 2 km away (control), and then analyzed for Pb using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The risks of Pb contaminations were then evaluated in soils and in individuals (Children and Adults) via inhalation and dermal contacts with soil using ecological and health risk equations. Pb concentrations in the dumpsites were below the permissible limits set by environmental protection agencies and were highest in Kuje dumpsite and lowest in Abaji dumpsite. The ecological pollution indices ranged from ‘low risks’ (at Bwari, Gosa, Gwagwalada dumpsites) to ‘very contamination risks’ (at Kuje and Kwali dumpsites). Daily dose for Pb via dermal contact pathways were higher and no significant lifetime health (non-carcer and cancer) risks were observed suggesting that inhalation and dermal routes pose very low health risk of Pb poisoning in both children (≤ 15 years) and adults (≤ 70 years). This study suggests that the concentration of Pb in the study dumpsites might cause more ecological risks than health hazards in exposed individuals via inhalation and dermal pathways.","PeriodicalId":8540,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89387143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.55493/5003.v12i4.4654
H. M. Agha, A. Saleh, H. Mahdi, Amjad Abdulhadi Mohammed, A. A. Allaq
Environmental pollution is one of the most important and critical problems facing the planet and threatening the ecosystem in all its forms. Due to the large quantities of plastic manufactured in different parts of the world and the difficulty of decomposing plastic products, which have a decomposition period of decades. As well as considering the marine environment as one of the most vulnerable ecosystems to pollution with plastic waste, and at the same time, people do not pay attention to this disaster, which directly affects the rest of the environmental systems and causes serious changes to the ecosystem. In this paper, we tried to review some of the direct effects of plastic waste on marine organisms such as coral reefs and sea turtles. As well as review the impact of these organisms’ damage on the ecosystem in general. This paper recommends some solutions that will reduce the huge quantities of plastic waste and how to treat it and try to legalize production to control the amount of plastic waste previously produced during the past decades.
{"title":"Overview of Effect of Plastic Waste Pollution on Marine Environment","authors":"H. M. Agha, A. Saleh, H. Mahdi, Amjad Abdulhadi Mohammed, A. A. Allaq","doi":"10.55493/5003.v12i4.4654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5003.v12i4.4654","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental pollution is one of the most important and critical problems facing the planet and threatening the ecosystem in all its forms. Due to the large quantities of plastic manufactured in different parts of the world and the difficulty of decomposing plastic products, which have a decomposition period of decades. As well as considering the marine environment as one of the most vulnerable ecosystems to pollution with plastic waste, and at the same time, people do not pay attention to this disaster, which directly affects the rest of the environmental systems and causes serious changes to the ecosystem. In this paper, we tried to review some of the direct effects of plastic waste on marine organisms such as coral reefs and sea turtles. As well as review the impact of these organisms’ damage on the ecosystem in general. This paper recommends some solutions that will reduce the huge quantities of plastic waste and how to treat it and try to legalize production to control the amount of plastic waste previously produced during the past decades.","PeriodicalId":8540,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87909816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.55493/5003.v12i4.4653
Onianwah F I, Nwaugo V C, Chikezie-Abba R O, Onajafe J
Microbial diversity of hydrocarbon in polluted soil and water bodies explains the variability that exists among various species of microorganisms inhabiting such environments. Sources of these pollutions include among others polycyclic hydrocarbons, heavy metals contamination, industrial wastes and the unregulated use of pesticides. No doubt, Niger Delta region is heavily polluted due to unregulated exploration activities of the petroleum prospecting and exploration industries, including the illegal activities of the locals. This has grossly affected the distribution and existence of some species of microorganisms. The survival of microbes in such polluted sites depends largely on their ability to adapt, tolerate and/or degrade these pollutants. The degradation of these hydrocarbons has resulted in the formation of metabolites some of which influences diversity among the indigenous microbial species. There is a significant relationship between the level of contamination and alterations in the microbial community. Decontamination of polluted sites can be used to increase biodiversity. Therefore, biodiversity is influenced by the concentration of the pollutants. The ecotoxicological effect of petroleum pollution is the need for oxygen during degradation of the hydrocarbon. In a reduced oxygen supply, serious ecological damage may take place. Also, the presence of heavy metals and organic compounds may enhance toxicity to microorganisms.
{"title":"Microbial Diversity and Degradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon in Impacted Soils and Water Bodies in Niger Delta Area of Nigeria","authors":"Onianwah F I, Nwaugo V C, Chikezie-Abba R O, Onajafe J","doi":"10.55493/5003.v12i4.4653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5003.v12i4.4653","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial diversity of hydrocarbon in polluted soil and water bodies explains the variability that exists among various species of microorganisms inhabiting such environments. Sources of these pollutions include among others polycyclic hydrocarbons, heavy metals contamination, industrial wastes and the unregulated use of pesticides. No doubt, Niger Delta region is heavily polluted due to unregulated exploration activities of the petroleum prospecting and exploration industries, including the illegal activities of the locals. This has grossly affected the distribution and existence of some species of microorganisms. The survival of microbes in such polluted sites depends largely on their ability to adapt, tolerate and/or degrade these pollutants. The degradation of these hydrocarbons has resulted in the formation of metabolites some of which influences diversity among the indigenous microbial species. There is a significant relationship between the level of contamination and alterations in the microbial community. Decontamination of polluted sites can be used to increase biodiversity. Therefore, biodiversity is influenced by the concentration of the pollutants. The ecotoxicological effect of petroleum pollution is the need for oxygen during degradation of the hydrocarbon. In a reduced oxygen supply, serious ecological damage may take place. Also, the presence of heavy metals and organic compounds may enhance toxicity to microorganisms.","PeriodicalId":8540,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"88 24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84072832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-07DOI: 10.55493/5003.v12i4.4650
E. Rowland, Abiola Abimbola Lolade, Digha Opaminola Nicholas, A. Opukumo, F. Omonefe
Managing resources in marine areas necessitates a thorough understanding of coastal processes. This study examines the changes to the shoreline between 1990 and 2021 and assesses how those changes have impacted land use and land cover (LULC). In Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria, over a period of 31 years, shoreline changes in the Ikoli River, River Nun, and Oxbow Lake revealed notable oscillations caused by erosion. In particular, band ratios are used to classify LULC maps for each district across the relevant years. The shoreline along the River Nun ranges from 31% to 35%, with 2013 being the highest; along the Ikoli River, it is 33% to 35%, with 2021 being the highest; and along Oxbow Lake, it is 21% to 35%, with 2021 being the highest, according to accurate evaluations of the United States Geological Survey datasets using ArcGIS software. Due to sand mining, boat traffic, heavy rain, fish farming, and oil and gas operations in the area, LULC predicts a sharp decline in vegetation and bare land from 1990 to 2021 and an increase in built-up areas and waterbodies. The socioeconomic risk from environmental stressors and climate change is identified by LULC. Geospatial is useful in coastal defenses and sustainable landuse strategies.
{"title":"The Environmental Impact of Shoreline Changes and Land Use/Land Cover Change Detection in the Niger Delta Region using Geospatial Technology","authors":"E. Rowland, Abiola Abimbola Lolade, Digha Opaminola Nicholas, A. Opukumo, F. Omonefe","doi":"10.55493/5003.v12i4.4650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5003.v12i4.4650","url":null,"abstract":"Managing resources in marine areas necessitates a thorough understanding of coastal processes. This study examines the changes to the shoreline between 1990 and 2021 and assesses how those changes have impacted land use and land cover (LULC). In Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria, over a period of 31 years, shoreline changes in the Ikoli River, River Nun, and Oxbow Lake revealed notable oscillations caused by erosion. In particular, band ratios are used to classify LULC maps for each district across the relevant years. The shoreline along the River Nun ranges from 31% to 35%, with 2013 being the highest; along the Ikoli River, it is 33% to 35%, with 2021 being the highest; and along Oxbow Lake, it is 21% to 35%, with 2021 being the highest, according to accurate evaluations of the United States Geological Survey datasets using ArcGIS software. Due to sand mining, boat traffic, heavy rain, fish farming, and oil and gas operations in the area, LULC predicts a sharp decline in vegetation and bare land from 1990 to 2021 and an increase in built-up areas and waterbodies. The socioeconomic risk from environmental stressors and climate change is identified by LULC. Geospatial is useful in coastal defenses and sustainable landuse strategies.","PeriodicalId":8540,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91072006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-04DOI: 10.55493/5003.v12i4.4646
H. Unlu
In the four-dimensional spacetime theory of special relativity, the space coordinate is time contracted along the motion, while perpendicular coordinates are invariant and time varies with position. This leads to a velocity transformation valid at speed of light and used in showing invariance electric and magnetic fields which are invariant along x-axis but change occur along y, and z-axes, contrary to the classical electrodynamics. In this work we introduce a new six-dimensional spacetime theory which allows time (position) change of position (time) in three coordinate axes and still satisfy the Lorentz invariance conditions of metric and Maxwell’s wave equations between two frames. We derive a new velocity transformation rule which is valid at any relative speed of massive frames moving with respect to each other. We derived expressions for relativistic mass, energy, Doppler shift, time dilation, length contraction, photon rest mass, and used the conservation of relativistic power to prove that the electric and magnetic fields and consequently, Maxwell wave equations are Lorentz invariant between two massive frames with and without nonzero photon mass in vacuum and materials medium. Calculated photon mass is in excellent agreement with the measured and observed upper bounds of 1.24x10-54 kg and1.75x 10-53 kg, respectively.
{"title":"Special Relativity in Six Dimensions","authors":"H. Unlu","doi":"10.55493/5003.v12i4.4646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5003.v12i4.4646","url":null,"abstract":"In the four-dimensional spacetime theory of special relativity, the space coordinate is time contracted along the motion, while perpendicular coordinates are invariant and time varies with position. This leads to a velocity transformation valid at speed of light and used in showing invariance electric and magnetic fields which are invariant along x-axis but change occur along y, and z-axes, contrary to the classical electrodynamics. In this work we introduce a new six-dimensional spacetime theory which allows time (position) change of position (time) in three coordinate axes and still satisfy the Lorentz invariance conditions of metric and Maxwell’s wave equations between two frames. We derive a new velocity transformation rule which is valid at any relative speed of massive frames moving with respect to each other. We derived expressions for relativistic mass, energy, Doppler shift, time dilation, length contraction, photon rest mass, and used the conservation of relativistic power to prove that the electric and magnetic fields and consequently, Maxwell wave equations are Lorentz invariant between two massive frames with and without nonzero photon mass in vacuum and materials medium. Calculated photon mass is in excellent agreement with the measured and observed upper bounds of 1.24x10-54 kg and1.75x 10-53 kg, respectively.","PeriodicalId":8540,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80819870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-04DOI: 10.55493/5003.v12i4.4645
Mètuor-Dabiré Amana, Ouoba Boampoundi Helene, Guenne Samson, Zongo Sidnooma Veronique, Sama Hemayoro, T. Ernest
Colocasia esculenta is a plant of the family of Araceae, of Asian origin, known under the name of taro. Taro is a perennial herbaceous plant whose large leaves are mainly used human consumption in several countries. It is grown in Burkina Faso mainly for its tubers. However, taro leaves are eaten sparingly in Burkina unlike other countries which have made it a staple food. Furthermore, we know that edible leaves are nutrient-rich and bio-protective in nature. The objective of this work was to determine the composition of bioactive elements in these leaves in order to detect their bioprotective role. Analysis of the bioactive constituents gave the following results: flavonoids (3.08 to 270.55 µg EQ / 100 mg fresh leaves), total phenols (46.06 to 474.02 µg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE) / 100 mg fresh leaves), acid ascorbic (3.37 to 154.69 µg / 100 mg fresh leaves), 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (5.26 to 52.21 µg Ascorbic Acid Equivalent (AAE) / 100 mg fresh leaves), Ferric Reducting Assay Power (FRAP) (181.39 to 886.77 µg AAE / 100 mg leaves fresh). This study allowed us to conclude that taro leaves (Colocasia esculenta) studied were of protective interest with regard to their compositions as secondary food metabolites.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Bio Protective Value of the Leaves of Sixty Varieties of Taro (Colocasia Esculenta) Cultivated in Burkina Faso","authors":"Mètuor-Dabiré Amana, Ouoba Boampoundi Helene, Guenne Samson, Zongo Sidnooma Veronique, Sama Hemayoro, T. Ernest","doi":"10.55493/5003.v12i4.4645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5003.v12i4.4645","url":null,"abstract":"Colocasia esculenta is a plant of the family of Araceae, of Asian origin, known under the name of taro. Taro is a perennial herbaceous plant whose large leaves are mainly used human consumption in several countries. It is grown in Burkina Faso mainly for its tubers. However, taro leaves are eaten sparingly in Burkina unlike other countries which have made it a staple food. Furthermore, we know that edible leaves are nutrient-rich and bio-protective in nature. The objective of this work was to determine the composition of bioactive elements in these leaves in order to detect their bioprotective role. Analysis of the bioactive constituents gave the following results: flavonoids (3.08 to 270.55 µg EQ / 100 mg fresh leaves), total phenols (46.06 to 474.02 µg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE) / 100 mg fresh leaves), acid ascorbic (3.37 to 154.69 µg / 100 mg fresh leaves), 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (5.26 to 52.21 µg Ascorbic Acid Equivalent (AAE) / 100 mg fresh leaves), Ferric Reducting Assay Power (FRAP) (181.39 to 886.77 µg AAE / 100 mg leaves fresh). This study allowed us to conclude that taro leaves (Colocasia esculenta) studied were of protective interest with regard to their compositions as secondary food metabolites.","PeriodicalId":8540,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80643958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-04DOI: 10.55493/5003.v12i4.4647
Daniel Brice Nkontcheu Kenko
Amphibians are among the main affected non-target groups, victim of pesticides. This review puts into evidence worldwide studies on lethal and sub-lethal effects of pollutants on amphibians and proposes solutions to handle the issue. Literature review was carried out from articles and books, on 123 studies. The number of pesticide formulations used worldwide in very high. Pesticide effect on the environment and the biota in general have been assessed in many studies using tools such as biomonitoring, bioassays in laboratory and semi-field conditions and Ecological Risk Assessment (EcoRA) with models. The ecological effects of pollutants are varied and often inter-related. Effects in the organism or at the ecological level are usually considered an early warning indicator of potential human health impact. Effects can either be lethal or sub-lethal comprising cancer, tumours, lesions, reduction of reproductive potential, immune suppression, disruption of endocrine system, cellular and Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage, and teratogenic effects. Amphibian conservation can be done via the protection of genetic resources, cleaning habitat, sustainable harvesting, captive breeding, cloning and reintroduction programmes. Proper use of pesticides and reinforcement of regulation remains a necessity to protect environmental health.
{"title":"Effects of Pesticides on Amphibians and Tentative Solutions: Review","authors":"Daniel Brice Nkontcheu Kenko","doi":"10.55493/5003.v12i4.4647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5003.v12i4.4647","url":null,"abstract":"Amphibians are among the main affected non-target groups, victim of pesticides. This review puts into evidence worldwide studies on lethal and sub-lethal effects of pollutants on amphibians and proposes solutions to handle the issue. Literature review was carried out from articles and books, on 123 studies. The number of pesticide formulations used worldwide in very high. Pesticide effect on the environment and the biota in general have been assessed in many studies using tools such as biomonitoring, bioassays in laboratory and semi-field conditions and Ecological Risk Assessment (EcoRA) with models. The ecological effects of pollutants are varied and often inter-related. Effects in the organism or at the ecological level are usually considered an early warning indicator of potential human health impact. Effects can either be lethal or sub-lethal comprising cancer, tumours, lesions, reduction of reproductive potential, immune suppression, disruption of endocrine system, cellular and Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage, and teratogenic effects. Amphibian conservation can be done via the protection of genetic resources, cleaning habitat, sustainable harvesting, captive breeding, cloning and reintroduction programmes. Proper use of pesticides and reinforcement of regulation remains a necessity to protect environmental health.","PeriodicalId":8540,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84486065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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