Neurologic symptoms can be observed in patients with either acute or chronic liver failure. This review describes the clinical features of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) associated with acute liver failure or liver cirrhosis, diagnostic approaches, and current therapeutic concepts. A striking feature of HE is the reversibility of symptoms. In addition, it gives a short overview of current knowledge about hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection-associated cognitive decline
{"title":"Neurologic Manifestations of Liver Disease","authors":"F. Salawu, A. Danburam, A. Olokoba","doi":"10.4314/nmp.v55i6.45445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/nmp.v55i6.45445","url":null,"abstract":"Neurologic symptoms can be observed in patients with either acute or chronic liver failure. This review describes the clinical features of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) associated with acute liver failure or liver cirrhosis, diagnostic approaches, and current therapeutic concepts. A striking feature of HE is the reversibility of symptoms. In addition, it gives a short overview of current knowledge about hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection-associated cognitive decline","PeriodicalId":85759,"journal":{"name":"The Nigerian medical practitioner","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79303766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Until the 1960s, the intrauterine device (IUD), spermicides, diaphragm and the condom were the only artificial methods of contraception available. Currently, the mix of available methods has greatly expanded and the IUD is the second most prevalent form of contraception used worldwide after female sterilization with prevalent rates of 13.6% and 20.5%, respectively, among women of reproductive age, married or in union. This objective of the present study is to determine the most chosen contraceptive method and the factors influencing such choice of contraceptive method among the married women attending the family planning clinic of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria between January 2001 and December 2006. The study was a retrospective review of the records of the family planning clinic of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Osogbo. These were new clients coming for the first time to the family planning clinic of the institution from January, 2001 to December, 2006. A total of 1355 married women were coming for the first time to the family planning clinic within the study period, and their age range between 18 and 51 years with a mean of 33.5+6.1 years. 170 (12.5%) were Para 1, Para 2-4 were 855 (63.1%), while Para 5 and above were 330 (24.4%). The clients source of information about family planning was: family planning clinic personnel 1039 (76.7%), media (print and electronic) 152 (11.2%), friends and relatives 127 (9.4%), and community health workers 37 (2.7%). Intrauterine contraceptive device was the most chosen method by the clients 1011 (74.6%), while condom was the least chosen 3 (0.2%); 264 (19.5%), and 77 (5.7%) clients chose injectables and pills, respectively. IUD remain the commonest method of contraceptive use among our women, and copper containing IUD is the only available IUD in our family planning clinic, and almost in all family planning clinic in Nigeria. Newer devices are becoming available which are even more effective and safe. The introduction of these newer devices is therefore advocated for this population of women that has made IUD their doyen of contraception.
{"title":"Factors Influencing the Choice of Contraceptives among the Married Women in Osogbo, Western Nigeria","authors":"A. Adeyemi, D. Adekanle","doi":"10.4314/NMP.V55I4.45432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NMP.V55I4.45432","url":null,"abstract":"Until the 1960s, the intrauterine device (IUD), spermicides, diaphragm and the condom were the only artificial methods of contraception available. Currently, the mix of available methods has greatly expanded and the IUD is the second most prevalent form of contraception used worldwide after female sterilization with prevalent rates of 13.6% and 20.5%, respectively, among women of reproductive age, married or in union. This objective of the present study is to determine the most chosen contraceptive method and the factors influencing such choice of contraceptive method among the married women attending the family planning clinic of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria between January 2001 and December 2006. The study was a retrospective review of the records of the family planning clinic of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Osogbo. These were new clients coming for the first time to the family planning clinic of the institution from January, 2001 to December, 2006. A total of 1355 married women were coming for the first time to the family planning clinic within the study period, and their age range between 18 and 51 years with a mean of 33.5+6.1 years. 170 (12.5%) were Para 1, Para 2-4 were 855 (63.1%), while Para 5 and above were 330 (24.4%). The clients source of information about family planning was: family planning clinic personnel 1039 (76.7%), media (print and electronic) 152 (11.2%), friends and relatives 127 (9.4%), and community health workers 37 (2.7%). Intrauterine contraceptive device was the most chosen method by the clients 1011 (74.6%), while condom was the least chosen 3 (0.2%); 264 (19.5%), and 77 (5.7%) clients chose injectables and pills, respectively. IUD remain the commonest method of contraceptive use among our women, and copper containing IUD is the only available IUD in our family planning clinic, and almost in all family planning clinic in Nigeria. Newer devices are becoming available which are even more effective and safe. The introduction of these newer devices is therefore advocated for this population of women that has made IUD their doyen of contraception.","PeriodicalId":85759,"journal":{"name":"The Nigerian medical practitioner","volume":"3065 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86550480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cigarette smoking poses a major challenge not just to health, but also to socio-economic development and environmental sustainability. This descriptive epidemiolo-gical study was conducted among 560 students of Colleges of Education in North-Central region of Nigeria to assess the awareness of health problems associated with cigarette smoking and smoking habits of the respondents. Multistage sampling technique was adopted and self administered questionnaire was used as the data collection instrument for the study. The response rate was 91.3%. Many respondents (88.3%) were aware of health problems of cigarette smoking. There was knowledge gap on specific smoking related health problems among the respondents as only 11.4% knew that increased blood pressure is associated with cigarette smoking and that passive smokers were also affected by cigarette smoking in various ways. One quarter of the respondents had smoked cigarette at one time or the other and the ratio of male: female was 4:1. Among the respondents that ever smoked cigarette; 80.9% of them were current smokers. More than one-third of current smokers (35.3%) had intention to continue cigarette smoking. A higher proportion of current smokers (52.0%) smoked cigarette on daily basis. One-third of current smokers started smoking cigarette before they were 15 years. More than one-quarter (28.4%) of current smokers had smoked for more than ten years. There is urgent need for incorporation of smoking prevention education in the training of this category of students who are potential teachers, mentors and role models so that they can be equipped with necessary knowledge to train the young ones on the dangers of smoking.
{"title":"Cigarette Smoking Prevalence and Awareness of Health Problems of Tobacco use among Students of Colleges of Education in a North-Central State of Nigeria","authors":"A. Salaudeen, T. Akande, O. Musa","doi":"10.4314/NMP.V55I6.45441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NMP.V55I6.45441","url":null,"abstract":"Cigarette smoking poses a major challenge not just to health, but also to socio-economic development and environmental sustainability. This descriptive epidemiolo-gical study was conducted among 560 students of Colleges of Education in North-Central region of Nigeria to assess the awareness of health problems associated with cigarette smoking and smoking habits of the respondents. Multistage sampling technique was adopted and self administered questionnaire was used as the data collection instrument for the study. The response rate was 91.3%. Many respondents (88.3%) were aware of health problems of cigarette smoking. There was knowledge gap on specific smoking related health problems among the respondents as only 11.4% knew that increased blood pressure is associated with cigarette smoking and that passive smokers were also affected by cigarette smoking in various ways. One quarter of the respondents had smoked cigarette at one time or the other and the ratio of male: female was 4:1. Among the respondents that ever smoked cigarette; 80.9% of them were current smokers. More than one-third of current smokers (35.3%) had intention to continue cigarette smoking. A higher proportion of current smokers (52.0%) smoked cigarette on daily basis. One-third of current smokers started smoking cigarette before they were 15 years. More than one-quarter (28.4%) of current smokers had smoked for more than ten years. There is urgent need for incorporation of smoking prevention education in the training of this category of students who are potential teachers, mentors and role models so that they can be equipped with necessary knowledge to train the young ones on the dangers of smoking.","PeriodicalId":85759,"journal":{"name":"The Nigerian medical practitioner","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87087079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chronic disease is a major component of the burden of illness among the geriatric age group. A retrospective study of the morbidity profiles among the elderly and an assessment of the related factors are required not only to plan an appropriate geriatric health care service but also to improve the delivery of health care to the elderly and to estimate the cost of that care. To document the pattern of morbidity and healthcare utilization among hospital elderly patients. The present study also sought to determine the relationships between morbidity and socio-demographic and health characteristics in Nigerian elderly hospital attendees at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital. A hospital based retrospective study was undertaken between January 2000 to December 2005. Hospital case folders of all patients 60 years and above were selected and studied. Among 10,852 elderly persons studied, the mean number of morbidities per person in this sample of elderly Nigerian Hospital patients was 1.83 ± 1.56 (mean ± standard deviation); women had a significantly higher mean number of morbidities (1.97 ± 1.57) than did men (1.52 ± 1.36). Joint pain and backache (Lumbago) were the most common morbidities in 2675 (24.6%), followed by osteoporosis (15%), hypertension (18.9%), decreased visual acuity due to cataract and refractive errors in 1229 (61.2%). Two hundred and ninety-four (14.6%) were registered as blind, seventy-three (6.7%) as deaf while 236 (2.2%) were diagnosed with difficulties in hearing (49.6% men and 50.4% women.).Other morbidities were diabetes mellitus (1711 or 15.8%), gastritis/gastric ulcer (1178 or 11.1%), liver cirrhosis (16.7%) and hepatoma (9.5%). Prostatic diseases accounted for 13.5% of male diseases while Asthma occurred in 5.4% of all morbidity episodes. . Nutritional status indicated a relatively high prevalence (42.6%) of malnutrition. Women reported more health problems than men. There is a tendency for the elderly to seek assistance from relations, established clinics and other health facilities for their health problems. Traditional healers were also consulted for health problems. Morbidity was significantly associated with gender, employment, household income, alcohol intake, and cigarette smoking. The average morbidity per person was 1.83 ± 1.56. This highlights the need for regular periodic medical examination and treatment at the primary and secondary care levels, which will help prevent further deterioration of their health status. There is presently no health programme in the study area that aimed at the elderly. Some of the diseases and conditions found in this study could easily be identified and treated at the primary and secondary health care levels through an organized geriatric health care programme. The findings from this study will improve understanding of the patterns of health problems among Nigerian elderly and also contribute to the development of appropriate interventions. Keywords : Pattern; Morbidity; Elderly; N
{"title":"Morbidity Pattern among the Elderly Population in a Nigerian Tertiary Health Care Institution: Analysis of a retrospective study","authors":"I. Abdulraheem, A. Abdulrahman","doi":"10.4314/NMP.V54I2.28945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NMP.V54I2.28945","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic disease is a major component of the burden of illness among the geriatric age group. A retrospective study of the morbidity profiles among the elderly and an assessment of the related factors are required not only to plan an appropriate geriatric health care service but also to improve the delivery of health care to the elderly and to estimate the cost of that care. To document the pattern of morbidity and healthcare utilization among hospital elderly patients. The present study also sought to determine the relationships between morbidity and socio-demographic and health characteristics in Nigerian elderly hospital attendees at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital. A hospital based retrospective study was undertaken between January 2000 to December 2005. Hospital case folders of all patients 60 years and above were selected and studied. Among 10,852 elderly persons studied, the mean number of morbidities per person in this sample of elderly Nigerian Hospital patients was 1.83 ± 1.56 (mean ± standard deviation); women had a significantly higher mean number of morbidities (1.97 ± 1.57) than did men (1.52 ± 1.36). Joint pain and backache (Lumbago) were the most common morbidities in 2675 (24.6%), followed by osteoporosis (15%), hypertension (18.9%), decreased visual acuity due to cataract and refractive errors in 1229 (61.2%). Two hundred and ninety-four (14.6%) were registered as blind, seventy-three (6.7%) as deaf while 236 (2.2%) were diagnosed with difficulties in hearing (49.6% men and 50.4% women.).Other morbidities were diabetes mellitus (1711 or 15.8%), gastritis/gastric ulcer (1178 or 11.1%), liver cirrhosis (16.7%) and hepatoma (9.5%). Prostatic diseases accounted for 13.5% of male diseases while Asthma occurred in 5.4% of all morbidity episodes. . Nutritional status indicated a relatively high prevalence (42.6%) of malnutrition. Women reported more health problems than men. There is a tendency for the elderly to seek assistance from relations, established clinics and other health facilities for their health problems. Traditional healers were also consulted for health problems. Morbidity was significantly associated with gender, employment, household income, alcohol intake, and cigarette smoking. The average morbidity per person was 1.83 ± 1.56. This highlights the need for regular periodic medical examination and treatment at the primary and secondary care levels, which will help prevent further deterioration of their health status. There is presently no health programme in the study area that aimed at the elderly. Some of the diseases and conditions found in this study could easily be identified and treated at the primary and secondary health care levels through an organized geriatric health care programme. The findings from this study will improve understanding of the patterns of health problems among Nigerian elderly and also contribute to the development of appropriate interventions. Keywords : Pattern; Morbidity; Elderly; N","PeriodicalId":85759,"journal":{"name":"The Nigerian medical practitioner","volume":"71 1","pages":"12-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83495637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seven hundred and two cervical smears were performed at the Cytology Clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria on females aged 50 years and above over a 10 year period. Overall, a total of 5,905 smears were performed within this period. The patients were referred from the Gynaecology Outpatient Clinics, the Family Planning and the Sexually Transmitted Diseases Clinics, or they were self referrals. Overall, 401 (57.1%) of the smears were in asymptomatic women. A total of 265 (37.7%) of the smears were reported as inflammatory changes, while 232 (33.0%) of the smears were normal. The prevalence of CIN was 13.0 per cent in the elderly patients aged 50 years and above and this is higher than the 11.8 per cent reported in the general population in the same centre. One per cent of the patients had invasive carcinoma of the cervix. The need for continued coverage of the vulnerable older female in screening for CIN the precursor of invasive carcinoma of the cervix is highlighted. Nigerian Medical Practitioner Vol. 54 (3-4) 2008: pp. 56-60
{"title":"Characteristic pattern of pap smears","authors":"M. Okunlola, K. Owonikoko, J. Andrea","doi":"10.4314/NMP.V54I3.28950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NMP.V54I3.28950","url":null,"abstract":"Seven hundred and two cervical smears were performed at the Cytology Clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria on females aged 50 years and above over a 10 year period. Overall, a total of 5,905 smears were performed within this period. The patients were referred from the Gynaecology Outpatient Clinics, the Family Planning and the Sexually Transmitted Diseases Clinics, or they were self referrals. Overall, 401 (57.1%) of the smears were in asymptomatic women. A total of 265 (37.7%) of the smears were reported as inflammatory changes, while 232 (33.0%) of the smears were normal. The prevalence of CIN was 13.0 per cent in the elderly patients aged 50 years and above and this is higher than the 11.8 per cent reported in the general population in the same centre. One per cent of the patients had invasive carcinoma of the cervix. The need for continued coverage of the vulnerable older female in screening for CIN the precursor of invasive carcinoma of the cervix is highlighted. Nigerian Medical Practitioner Vol. 54 (3-4) 2008: pp. 56-60","PeriodicalId":85759,"journal":{"name":"The Nigerian medical practitioner","volume":"279 1","pages":"56-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90541393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Anah, I. Etuk, O. Ikpeme, Hu Ntia, E. Ineji, Rb Archibong
A 10 year retrospective study of post neonatal tetanus in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital was carried out. The study period spanned from January 1, 1997 to December 31, 2006. The aim was to determine the incidence of post neonatal tetanus and associated bio-characteristics. Information was extracted from case records of children admitted with the diagnosis of post neonatal tetanus. During the period of study, sixty-seven patients were admitted with tetanus out of a total 6,026 admissions giving an incidence of 1.1%. Male to female ratio was 1.9:1. The age range was 2 - 14 years, all from low socio-economic class. About 10% of the patients were partially immunized. Portal of entry to Clostridium tetani was mostly wounds sustained during play and while executing house-hold chores. Incubation period ranged from 4 – 27 days while onset period was 1 – 6 days. Case fatality rate was 18% accounting for 3.7% of the 300 deaths recorded during the period. In conclusion, tetanus remains a problem in this sub-region. Injuries predispose to majority of the cases. Booster dose of tetanus toxoid at school entry to all children has been recommended. Keywords : Paediatric ward, Post Neonatal, Tetanus. Nigerian Medical Practitioner Vol. 54 (2) 2008: pp. 45-47
{"title":"Post Neonatal Tetanus in Calabar, Nigeria: A 10 Year Review","authors":"M. Anah, I. Etuk, O. Ikpeme, Hu Ntia, E. Ineji, Rb Archibong","doi":"10.4314/NMP.V54I2.28947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NMP.V54I2.28947","url":null,"abstract":"A 10 year retrospective study of post neonatal tetanus in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital was carried out. The study period spanned from January 1, 1997 to December 31, 2006. The aim was to determine the incidence of post neonatal tetanus and associated bio-characteristics. Information was extracted from case records of children admitted with the diagnosis of post neonatal tetanus. During the period of study, sixty-seven patients were admitted with tetanus out of a total 6,026 admissions giving an incidence of 1.1%. Male to female ratio was 1.9:1. The age range was 2 - 14 years, all from low socio-economic class. About 10% of the patients were partially immunized. Portal of entry to Clostridium tetani was mostly wounds sustained during play and while executing house-hold chores. Incubation period ranged from 4 – 27 days while onset period was 1 – 6 days. Case fatality rate was 18% accounting for 3.7% of the 300 deaths recorded during the period. In conclusion, tetanus remains a problem in this sub-region. Injuries predispose to majority of the cases. Booster dose of tetanus toxoid at school entry to all children has been recommended. Keywords : Paediatric ward, Post Neonatal, Tetanus. Nigerian Medical Practitioner Vol. 54 (2) 2008: pp. 45-47","PeriodicalId":85759,"journal":{"name":"The Nigerian medical practitioner","volume":"68 1","pages":"45-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85960613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To present the plain X ray features of chronic rhinosinusitis seen at Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu. Retrospective analysis of the plain X-rays of the paranasal sinuses of patients with clinical features of rhinosinusitis of at least 12 weeks duration, managed between 2002 and 2006. The data was analysed using SPSS version 10.0 and the results presented in simple descriptive form. There were one hundred and ten (110) patients M: F =1:1.04 The average age was 38.92 years The duration of symptoms ranged from 3 months (13weeks) to 16.25 years, (average of 2.81 years). The plain X rays were reported as normal in 29.09% while the remaining 70.91% had abnormal findings. 85.90% with positive radiological findings had demonstrable features in their nasal cavities. The maxillary sinus had the highest proportion of abnormalities (70.51%) while sphenoid sinus was the least (0%) involved sinus. 21.79% of the patients had multisinusitis and 5.13% had pansinusitis. The common radiological features seen in the sinuses were haziness, mucosal thickening (maxillary), and opacities (ethmoidal and frontal). Plain X rays remain relevant in the evaluation of patients with suspected chronic rhinosinusitis in the developing countries at least as a preliminary investigation. Keywords : Chronic rhinosinusitis, Paranasal sinuses, Plain X-rays, Radiologic features Nigerian Medical Practitioner Vol. 54 (2) 2008: pp. 28-31
介绍在相木奥拉比西奥纳班乔大学教学医院就诊的慢性鼻窦炎的X线平片特征。回顾性分析2002年至2006年间以鼻窦炎为临床特征且病程至少12周的患者鼻窦x线平片表现。使用SPSS 10.0版本对数据进行分析，结果以简单的描述形式呈现。患者110例(M: F =1:1.04)，平均年龄38.92岁，症状持续时间3个月(13周)~ 16.25年，平均2.81年。29.09%的患者X平片表现正常，70.91%的患者X平片表现异常。85.90%的放射学阳性患者有明显的鼻腔特征。上颌窦病变比例最高(70.51%)，蝶窦病变比例最低(0%)。多鼻窦炎占21.79%，全鼻窦炎占5.13%。鼻窦常见的影像学特征是模糊、粘膜增厚(上颌)和混浊(筛窦和额窦)。在发展中国家，X光平片在评估疑似慢性鼻窦炎患者中仍然具有相关性，至少作为一项初步调查。关键词:慢性鼻窦炎，鼻窦炎，普通x射线，放射学特征尼日利亚医生Vol. 54 (2) 2008: pp. 28-31
{"title":"Radiologic Features of Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Sagamu","authors":"O. Sogebi, E. A. Oyewole, A. Bajomo","doi":"10.4314/NMP.V54I2.28944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NMP.V54I2.28944","url":null,"abstract":"To present the plain X ray features of chronic rhinosinusitis seen at Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu. Retrospective analysis of the plain X-rays of the paranasal sinuses of patients with clinical features of rhinosinusitis of at least 12 weeks duration, managed between 2002 and 2006. The data was analysed using SPSS version 10.0 and the results presented in simple descriptive form. There were one hundred and ten (110) patients M: F =1:1.04 The average age was 38.92 years The duration of symptoms ranged from 3 months (13weeks) to 16.25 years, (average of 2.81 years). The plain X rays were reported as normal in 29.09% while the remaining 70.91% had abnormal findings. 85.90% with positive radiological findings had demonstrable features in their nasal cavities. The maxillary sinus had the highest proportion of abnormalities (70.51%) while sphenoid sinus was the least (0%) involved sinus. 21.79% of the patients had multisinusitis and 5.13% had pansinusitis. The common radiological features seen in the sinuses were haziness, mucosal thickening (maxillary), and opacities (ethmoidal and frontal). Plain X rays remain relevant in the evaluation of patients with suspected chronic rhinosinusitis in the developing countries at least as a preliminary investigation. Keywords : Chronic rhinosinusitis, Paranasal sinuses, Plain X-rays, Radiologic features Nigerian Medical Practitioner Vol. 54 (2) 2008: pp. 28-31","PeriodicalId":85759,"journal":{"name":"The Nigerian medical practitioner","volume":"26 1","pages":"28-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87632226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Onigbinde, R. Adedoyin, M. Olaogun, O. Ojoawo, A. Akinpelu, O. Adedamola
Iontophoresis is a means of administering medicinal ions in the management of a variety of medical conditions. It is becoming an alternative to oral and injection delivery system of drugs because it is non-invasive, non traumatic and painless and it is specific in drug administration. The purpose of this study was to compare the relative efficacy of glucosamine iontophoresis with that of massage and a control group in managing osteoarthritic knee pain. Fifteen subjects with radiological evidence of knee osteoarthritis participated in this study. Participants were randomly assigned into three (3) groups; with five (5) each in iontophoresis, massage and the control groups but only 3 participants completed the treatment procedures in the control group. All treatment groups received baseline treatment of infrared radiation for 15mins followed by quadriceps strengthening exercise with a 10lbs weight for 10 repetitions. Treatments were carried out three times a week for four weeks. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The result of the ANOVA showed that there was significant reduction in pain in the three (3) groups (F=21.97, p Nigerian Medical Practitioner Vol. 54 (3-4) 2008: pp. 66-69
离子透入是一种在各种医疗条件下管理药物离子的手段。由于它具有非侵入性、非创伤性和无痛性，并且在给药方面具有特异性，因此正在成为口服和注射给药系统的替代方案。本研究的目的是比较葡萄糖胺离子导入与按摩和对照组在治疗骨关节炎膝关节疼痛方面的相对疗效。15名有膝关节骨关节炎放射学证据的受试者参加了这项研究。参与者被随机分为三组;其中离子导入组、按摩组和对照组各有5人，而对照组只有3名参与者完成了治疗程序。所有治疗组均接受红外辐射15分钟的基线治疗，然后进行10磅重量的股四头肌强化训练，重复10次。治疗每周进行三次，持续四周。采用描述性统计和方差分析(ANOVA)对数据进行分析。方差分析的结果显示，三(3)组的疼痛显著减轻(F=21.97, p尼日利亚医生Vol. 54 (3-4) 2008: pp. 66-69
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G. Jombo, M. Enenebeaku, A. Salako, L. Nimzing, D. Egah, O. Kandakai
Declaration of Nigeria a polio free nation early 21st century would require a proper understanding and cooperation of all her citizens especially the women. This study was therefore carried out to assess the knowledge about polio among women in Jos. A cross-sectional study involving administration of questionnaires to 2,431 women scattered across six different parts of the city was carried out between February and April 2006. Information on questionnaire such as- age, educational level, marital status, and modes of transmission and control of polio were obtained. Results were analysed using Epi Info 2002 version statistical software and P values Keywords : Poliomyelitis, Knowledge, Women, Eradication. Nigerian Medical Practitioner Vol. 54 (2) 2008: pp. 39-44
要在21世纪初宣布尼日利亚为无脊髓灰质炎国家，就需要所有公民特别是妇女的适当理解和合作。因此，进行这项研究是为了评估乔斯妇女对小儿麻痹症的了解情况。2006年2月至4月期间，一项横断面研究对分布在该市六个不同地区的2431名妇女进行了问卷调查。调查问卷的资料包括年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状况、小儿麻痹症的传播和控制方式等。结果采用Epi Info 2002版统计软件和P值进行分析。关键词:脊髓灰质炎，知识，妇女，根除。《尼日利亚医生》Vol. 54(2) 2008:第39-44页
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A prospective cross sectional study was carried out, in which 5oo consecutively booked antenatal patients at term were recruited. Their haemoglobin concentrations were estimated at the onset of labour and the babies were weighed immediately after delivery. The values obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The mean haemoglobin concentration was 104.5g/L while the mean birth weight was 3186gm.The incidence of low birth weight was 5.2%.There was no statistically significant haemoglobin concentration/foetal birth weight difference among the various haemoglobin concentration groups. (X2 = 4.969 and p > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in mean birth weight among the various haemoglobin groups suggesting that other parameters may play important roles in influencing foetal birth weight than maternal haemoglobin concentration. Nigerian Medical Practitioner Vol. 54 (3-4) 2008: pp. 50-52
一项前瞻性横断面研究进行，其中500名连续预约产前患者在足月招募。他们的血红蛋白浓度在分娩开始时被估计，婴儿在分娩后立即称重。使用社会科学统计软件包(SPSS)对所得值进行分析。平均血红蛋白浓度为104.5g/L，平均出生体重为3186gm。低出生体重发生率为5.2%。血红蛋白浓度/胎儿出生体重在不同血红蛋白浓度组间无统计学差异。(X2 = 4.969, p > 0.05)。不同血红蛋白组的平均出生体重差异无统计学意义，提示其他参数可能比母体血红蛋白浓度在影响胎儿出生体重方面发挥重要作用。尼日利亚医生卷54(3-4)2008:第50-52页
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