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Immunophotometric quantification of extravascular immunoglobulin deposits in the synovial membrane of patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. 骨关节炎和类风湿关节炎患者滑膜内血管外免疫球蛋白沉积的免疫光度定量。
Pub Date : 1988-01-01
P Fritz, J Hönes, H Rautenstrauch, D Lutz, H V Tuczek, A Mischlinski, H J Saal, C Klein, W Laschner

The amount of extravascular immunoglobulin deposits in the synovial membrane of patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis was studied in comparison with that of patients suffering from non-joint diseases. Immunoglobulin deposits were immunostained using the three-layer immunoperoxidase method. The staining results were quantified with the help of a microscope photometer connected with a scanning stage. Several experiments involving artificial test substrates, diseases with allegedly increased extravascular deposits or diseases not exhibiting extravascular deposits of immunoglobulins are used to validate the described microspectrophotometrical approach for measuring extravascular immunoglobulin deposits. The scanning photometry demonstrates significantly higher amount of extravascular immunoglobulin deposits in rheumatoid arthritis as compared with osteoarthritis and non-joint diseases.

研究了骨关节炎和类风湿关节炎患者与非关节疾病患者在滑膜上的血管外免疫球蛋白沉积量。免疫球蛋白沉淀物采用三层免疫过氧化物酶法进行免疫染色。通过连接扫描台的显微镜光度计对染色结果进行定量。几个涉及人工测试底物、据称血管外沉积增加的疾病或未显示免疫球蛋白血管外沉积的疾病的实验被用来验证所描述的用于测量血管外免疫球蛋白沉积的微分光光度法。扫描光度法显示,与骨关节炎和非关节疾病相比,类风湿关节炎的血管外免疫球蛋白沉积明显增多。
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引用次数: 0
Histochemical localization of prostaglandin-synthetase in the salivary glands of Praomys (Mastomys) natalensis. 水貂唾液腺前列腺素合成酶的组织化学定位。
Pub Date : 1988-01-01
P Sirigu, S A Gross, L J DiDio, M S Lantini

The cellular distribution of prostaglandin-synthetase was studied in the salivary glands of Praomys (Mastomys) natalensis. Only the epithelial cells of the ducts showed discrete prostaglandin-synthetase activity, whereas the acini and the stroma gave completely negative results in all three salivary glands of both sexes. The presence of exogenous substrates was not required for the reaction, since identical results are observed following incubation with and without arachidonic acid. The localization of prostaglandin synthetase in the ductal epithelia of Praomys salivary glands is related to a possible regulatory role of the prostaglandins on the reabsorptive activity of the ductal cells.

研究了前列腺素合成酶在水貂唾液腺中的细胞分布。只有导管上皮细胞表现出离散的前列腺素合成酶活性,而腺泡细胞和基质细胞在两性的三种唾液腺中均表现出完全阴性的结果。反应不需要外源底物的存在,因为在有和没有花生四烯酸的孵育下观察到相同的结果。前列腺素合成酶在Praomys唾液腺导管上皮中的定位可能与前列腺素对导管细胞重吸收活性的调节作用有关。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative chemical anatomy of the brain: concepts and methods. 脑的比较化学解剖学:概念和方法。
Pub Date : 1988-01-01
A Fasolo, G C Panzica, C Viglietti-Panzica, T Renda, L D'Este

The study of neuropeptides represents an appropriate playground for comparative and evolutionary research. Comparative analysis can give insight into the conservative pattern of intercellular transmission molecules, possibly bound both to some evolutionary antiquity and to cellular constraints. In the same time it can teach us how modulation has occurred at molecular, cellular, multicellular levels in order to give the species-specific functional organization. Using some examples from vertebrate central neurons system (CNS) immunocytochemical analyses, the results so far obtained suggest the rise of a new comparative chemical neuroanatomy. The rationale of "what" and "why" we are comparing is, however, needed in order to understand constancy, heterogeneity or else trends toward complexity in the distribution of neuropeptides.

神经肽的研究为比较和进化研究提供了一个合适的平台。比较分析可以深入了解细胞间传播分子的保守模式,这种模式可能与一些古老的进化和细胞的限制有关。同时,它可以告诉我们调节是如何在分子,细胞,多细胞水平上发生的,以赋予物种特定的功能组织。利用脊椎动物中枢神经元系统(CNS)免疫细胞化学分析的一些例子,迄今为止获得的结果表明,一种新的比较化学神经解剖学的兴起。然而,为了理解神经肽分布的稳定性、异质性或其他走向复杂性的趋势,我们需要比较“是什么”和“为什么”的基本原理。
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引用次数: 0
The peptidergic innervation of the guinea pig uterine artery in pregnancy. 妊娠期豚鼠子宫动脉的肽能神经支配。
Pub Date : 1988-01-01
M C Mione, C Cavallotti, G Burnstock, F Amenta

The influence of pregnancy on the density and pattern of the peptidergic innervation of the guinea pig uterine artery was studied. Whole mount stretch preparations of the uterine artery from estrus and late pregnant guinea pigs were processed for the immunohistochemical demonstration of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)- and substance P (SP)- immunoreactive nerve fibres. In late pregnancy the density of NPY- and CGRP- containing nerve fibres was remarkably decreased, while that of VIP- and SP- immunoreactive nerves showed a moderate reduction. The meaning and the possible physiological relevance of the decreased density of peptide-immunoreactive nerves in the uterine artery in late pregnancy are discussed.

研究了妊娠对豚鼠子宫动脉多肽神经支配密度和形态的影响。采用全坐位拉伸法制备发情和孕晚期豚鼠子宫动脉,用免疫组化方法检测神经肽Y (NPY)-、血管活性肠多肽(VIP)-、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)-和P物质(SP)-免疫反应性神经纤维。妊娠后期,NPY-和CGRP-神经纤维密度显著降低,VIP-和SP-免疫反应神经密度中度降低。本文讨论了妊娠晚期子宫动脉中肽免疫反应神经密度降低的意义和可能的生理相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Histological and immunohistochemical features in chronic delta hepatitis. 慢性丁型肝炎的组织学和免疫组织化学特征。
Pub Date : 1988-01-01
C Mariscotti, P Viganò, R Costa, G Gubertini, A Cargnel

Forty-six liver biopsies from HBsAg Delta/anti-Delta serum positive patients with chronic hepatitis were compared with liver specimens from HBsAg positive Delta/antiDelta negative patients. The results indicate more severe histologic damage and inflammation among subjects who are serum-positive to the Delta system. Specific virus antigen was found in liver cell nuclei of almost all the Delta IR patients (93.5%). The rate of diffusion was directly proportional to the severity of histological lesions, which is in linea with the direct cytopathic effect of the Delta virus as ascertained in various other studies.

对46例HBsAg δ /抗δ血清阳性的慢性肝炎患者的肝活检标本与HBsAg δ阳性/抗δ阴性患者的肝标本进行比较。结果表明,在Delta系统血清阳性的受试者中,组织学损伤和炎症更为严重。几乎所有Delta IR患者(93.5%)的肝细胞核中均发现特异性病毒抗原。扩散速度与组织学病变的严重程度成正比,这与其他各种研究确定的德尔塔病毒的直接细胞病变作用一致。
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引用次数: 0
Abstracts of the joint meeting of the Gruppo Italiano di Citometria and the Association de Cytometrie en Flux. Lerici, October 10-13, 1988. 意大利细胞计量学协会和通量细胞计量学协会联合会议摘要。莱里奇,1988年10月10日至13日。
Pub Date : 1988-01-01
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引用次数: 0
Detection and differentiation of glycoconjugates in various cell types by lectin histochemistry. 凝集素组织化学对不同细胞类型糖结合物的检测和分化。
Pub Date : 1988-01-01
S S Spicer, B A Schulte

Knowledge of chemical structure of glycoconjugates (GCs) at precise loci has increased through histochemical use of a battery of horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectins, each possessing affinity for a specific terminal sugar or internal sugar linkage. Lectin histochemistry has shown tremendous variability among GCs in different histologic sites, reflecting known chemical diversity of these substances. GCs differ in structure among various cell types in an animal and differ at a given histologic site between species or between individuals in outbred but not inbred species. Lectin conjugates react with and detect GCs not otherwise demonstrable histochemically and, because of low concentration in tissue, not identified biochemically. Lectin-HRP conjugates have visualized unique GC with terminal GalNAc in primordial germ cells of rat embryos, with terminal Gal in epithelial basal cells of rodents and nodes of Ranvier in rats and with terminal GalNAc in a cell population in the thymus, Peyer's patches and intestinal lamina propria of some but not other mice.

通过使用一组辣根过氧化物酶结合凝集素的组织化学方法,我们对精确位点上的糖缀合物(gc)的化学结构有了更多的了解,这些凝集素对特定的末端糖或内部糖链具有亲和力。凝集素组织化学在不同组织部位的GCs中显示出巨大的差异性,反映了这些物质已知的化学多样性。在动物体内不同类型的细胞中,GCs的结构不同,在特定的组织学位置上,物种之间或近亲繁殖而非近亲繁殖的物种之间的GCs存在差异。凝集素偶联物与GCs发生反应并检测到组织化学上无法证明的GCs,并且由于其在组织中的浓度较低,因此无法进行生化鉴定。凝集素- hrp偶联物在大鼠胚胎的原始生殖细胞中具有独特的GalNAc末端GC,在啮齿动物的上皮基底细胞和大鼠的Ranvier淋巴结中具有GalNAc末端,在某些小鼠的胸腺、Peyer’s斑块和肠固有层的细胞群中具有GalNAc末端。
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引用次数: 0
Opening of blood-brain barrier in Triturus cristatus carnifex by hyperosmolar mannitol solutions. 高渗透压甘露醇溶液对黑麦血脑屏障的打开作用。
Pub Date : 1988-01-01
V Franceschini, F Ciani, M Lazzari, P Del Grande, G Minelli

The permeability of the newt cerebral capillaries to lanthanum ion has been studied after perfusion with mannitol solutions of increasing molarity. In the control specimens lanthanum deposits were limited to the luminal side of the capillaries and tracer did not spread to the pericapillary spaces due to the tight junctions. Treatment with hypertonic solutions of mannitol (0.25M, 0.5M, 1M) caused opening of the blood brain barrier with a progressive increase in lanthanum between the endothelial cell edges, in the basal lamina and in the extracellular spaces of the nervous parenchyma in relation to the molarity of the mannitol solution. The spread of lanthanum is probably due to opening of the tight junctions between the endothelial cells, since pinocytotic vesicles labelled with tracer were not evident.

研究了增加摩尔浓度的甘露醇溶液灌注后蝾螈脑毛细血管对镧离子的渗透性。在对照标本中,镧沉积仅限于毛细血管的管腔侧,由于紧密的连接,示踪剂没有扩散到毛细血管周围间隙。甘露醇高渗溶液(0.25M, 0.5M, 1M)处理导致血脑屏障打开,内皮细胞边缘之间、基层和神经实质细胞外间隙的镧含量随甘露醇溶液的量浓度逐渐增加。镧的扩散可能是由于内皮细胞之间紧密连接的打开,因为用示踪剂标记的胞饮囊泡不明显。
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引用次数: 0
Human gut neuroanatomy: methodology for a quantitative analysis of nerve elements and neurotransmitter diversity in the human "enteric nervous system". 人类肠道神经解剖学:人类“肠神经系统”中神经成分和神经递质多样性定量分析的方法学。
Pub Date : 1988-01-01
G L Ferri

After a few decad of neglect, the "enteric nervous system" has recently regained the attention of investigators. Indeed, various studies, such as those which led to the isolation from the gut of a number of neuropeptides, subsequently demonstrated throughout the nervous system, have prompted major advancements of modern neuroscience. In spite of a wealth of animal investigations and a number of human studies, however, available information concerning the human "enteric nervous system" is comparatively sparse. In the opinion that such lack of information was largely due to unavailability of appropriate techniques, we have initiated and developed a new comprehensive methodology. This way, a quantitative analysis was made possible of both nerve structure and transmitter status, point-to-point along the gut, as well as within the various, functionally heterogeneous components of the gastrointestinal wall itself. After a general introduction, the present review is intended to summarize such methodology, with the addition of a few illustrative examples of application and a practically-oriented guideline to its use, in the form of technical appendix.

在被忽视了几十年之后,“肠道神经系统”最近重新引起了研究者的注意。事实上,各种各样的研究,例如从肠道中分离出许多神经肽的研究,随后在整个神经系统中得到证实,促进了现代神经科学的重大进步。然而,尽管有大量的动物研究和大量的人体研究,关于人类“肠神经系统”的可用信息相对较少。我们认为,这种信息的缺乏主要是由于没有适当的技术,因此我们开始并发展了一种新的综合方法。通过这种方式,可以对沿肠道的神经结构和递质状态进行点对点的定量分析,也可以对胃肠道壁本身的各种功能异质性成分进行定量分析。在一般性介绍之后,本审查的目的是总结这种方法,并以技术附录的形式增加一些应用的说明性例子和面向实际的使用准则。
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引用次数: 0
An immunocytochemical method for studying embryo cytokinetics. 研究胚胎细胞动力学的免疫细胞化学方法。
Pub Date : 1988-01-01
A Casasco, A Calligaro, E Casasco, C Marchetti, P Poggi, M Casasco

The immunocytochemical detection by a monoclonal antibody of bromodeoxyuridine incorporated into S-phase cells allows the identification of proliferating cells. In this study we demonstrate that the labelling of embryo tissues is achieved by a single administration of BrdUrd to the mother after a 1 hour-labelling period. This simple and rapid technique facilitates the detection of proliferating cells within the embryo for the study of developing tissues and embryo cytokinetics.

通过将溴脱氧尿苷单克隆抗体纳入s期细胞的免疫细胞化学检测,可以识别增殖细胞。在这项研究中,我们证明胚胎组织的标记是通过在1小时标记期后单次给母BrdUrd来实现的。这种简单快速的技术有利于胚胎内增殖细胞的检测,用于发育组织和胚胎细胞动力学的研究。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Basic and applied histochemistry
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