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A Novel Digital Phantom Using an Optical Noncontact Measurement System 一种基于光学非接触测量系统的新型数字幻影
Pub Date : 2016-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/LLS.2016.2568259
Xiaodong Yang;Aifeng Ren;Tianqiao Zhu;Fangming Hu
Digital phantoms are vital for various biomedical researches. Traditional phantoms include theoretical models and voxel models reconstructed from medical images. It has been demonstrated that the homogeneous phantom filled with uniform tissue is accurate enough for wearable antenna design, body-centric channel modeling, etc. Therefore, it is interesting and necessary to investigate the novel approach of generating digital phantoms using an optical noncontact measurement system. In this letter, the point cloud data are first obtained; then, they are simplified via principal component analysis; finally, by applying surface reconstruction and mesh simplification techniques, a digital Chinese phantom is established. To verify the usability of the phantom, numerical calculation is performed to check E-fields at different positions on the body. Results sufficiently prove the feasibility of the train of thought presented in this letter.
数字模型对各种生物医学研究至关重要。传统的体模包括理论模型和从医学图像重建的体素模型。已经证明,填充均匀组织的均匀体模对于可穿戴天线设计、以身体为中心的通道建模等来说足够准确。因此,研究使用光学非接触测量系统生成数字体模的新方法是有趣和必要的。在这封信中,首先获得了点云数据;然后,通过主成分分析对它们进行简化;最后,应用曲面重建和网格简化技术,建立了一个数字中文体模。为了验证体模的可用性,进行了数值计算,以检查身体上不同位置的电场。结果充分证明了本文思路的可行性。
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引用次数: 0
Discrimination Between Competing Model Structures of Biological Systems in the Presence of Population Heterogeneity 种群异质性存在下生物系统竞争模式结构的区别
Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/LLS.2016.2644645
Marc Martin-Casas;Ali Mesbah
Computational models are useful for quantitative elucidation of the dynamical behavior of biological systems. Oftentimes, several competing models (i.e., hypotheses) are proposed to describe the underlying molecular mechanisms of a biological system. Selecting the most representative model is imperative for obtaining meaningful quantitative insights into the dynamics of the system of interest. However, the discrimination between competing models poses a significant challenge due to heterogeneity that is intrinsic to biological systems. This letter demonstrates the effectiveness of a probabilistic approach to optimal experiment design for model discrimination in the presence of time-invariant cell-to-cell differences within a cell population. The JAK2/STAT5 signaling pathway, which is involved in proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells, is used as a case study.
计算模型对于定量阐明生物系统的动力学行为是有用的。通常,提出几个相互竞争的模型(即假设)来描述生物系统的潜在分子机制。选择最具代表性的模型对于获得对感兴趣的系统动态的有意义的定量见解至关重要。然而,由于生物系统固有的异质性,竞争模型之间的歧视构成了重大挑战。这封信证明了在细胞群体中存在时不变细胞间差异的情况下,概率方法对模型判别的最佳实验设计的有效性。JAK2/STAT5信号通路,参与造血干细胞的增殖和分化,作为一个案例研究。
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引用次数: 7
libSBOLj 2.0: A Java Library to Support SBOL 2.0 libsbol 2.0:一个支持SBOL 2.0的Java库
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/LLS.2016.2546546
Zhen Zhang;Tramy Nguyen;Nicholas Roehner;Göksel Misirli;Matthew Pocock;Ernst Oberortner;Meher Samineni;Zach Zundel;Jacob Beal;Kevin Clancy;Anil Wipat;Chris J. Myers
The Synthetic Biology Open Language (SBOL) is an emerging data standard for representing synthetic biology designs. The goal of SBOL is to improve the reproducibility of these designs and their electronic exchange between researchers and/or genetic design automation tools. The latest version of the standard, SBOL 2.0, enables the annotation of a large variety of biological components (e.g., DNA, RNA, proteins, complexes, small molecules, etc.) and their interactions. SBOL 2.0 also allows researchers to organize components into hierarchical modules, to specify their intended functions, and to link modules to models that describe their behavior mathematically. To support the use of SBOL 2.0, we have developed the libSBOLj 2.0 Java library, which provides an easy to use Application Programming Interface (API) for developers, including manipulation of SBOL constructs, serialization to and from an RDF/XML file format, and migration support in the form of conversion from the prior SBOL 1.1 standard to SBOL 2.0. This letter describes the libSBOLj 2.0 library and key engineering decisions involved in its design.
合成生物学开放语言(SBOL)是一种用于表示合成生物学设计的新兴数据标准。SBOL的目标是提高这些设计的可重复性,以及研究人员和/或基因设计自动化工具之间的电子交换。该标准的最新版本SBOL 2.0支持对多种生物成分(如DNA、RNA、蛋白质、复合物、小分子等)及其相互作用进行注释。SBOL 2.0还允许研究人员将组件组织成分层模块,指定其预期功能,并将模块链接到以数学方式描述其行为的模型。为了支持SBOL 2.0的使用,我们开发了libSBOLj 2.0 Java库,它为开发人员提供了一个易于使用的应用程序编程接口(API),包括SBOL结构的操作、RDF/XML文件格式之间的序列化,以及从先前的SBOL 1.1标准到SBOL 2.0的转换形式的迁移支持。这封信描述了libSBOLj 2.0库及其设计中涉及的关键工程决策。
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引用次数: 27
libSBOLj 2.0: A Java Library to Support SBOL 2.0 libsbol 2.0:一个支持SBOL 2.0的Java库
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/LLS.2016.2546546
Zhen Zhang, Tramy Nguyen, Nicholas Roehner, Goksel Misirli, M. Pocock, Ernst Oberortner, Meher Samineni, Z. Zundel, J. Beal, Kevin Clancy, A. Wipat, C. Myers
The Synthetic Biology Open Language (SBOL) is an emerging data standard for representing synthetic biology designs. The goal of SBOL is to improve the reproducibility of these designs and their electronic exchange between researchers and/or genetic design automation tools. The latest version of the standard, SBOL 2.0, enables the annotation of a large variety of biological components (e.g., DNA, RNA, proteins, complexes, small molecules, etc.) and their interactions. SBOL 2.0 also allows researchers to organize components into hierarchical modules, to specify their intended functions, and to link modules to models that describe their behavior mathematically. To support the use of SBOL 2.0, we have developed the libSBOLj 2.0 Java library, which provides an easy to use Application Programming Interface (API) for developers, including manipulation of SBOL constructs, serialization to and from an RDF/XML file format, and migration support in the form of conversion from the prior SBOL 1.1 standard to SBOL 2.0. This letter describes the libSBOLj 2.0 library and key engineering decisions involved in its design.
合成生物学开放语言(SBOL)是一种用于表示合成生物学设计的新兴数据标准。SBOL的目标是提高这些设计的可重复性,以及研究人员和/或基因设计自动化工具之间的电子交换。该标准的最新版本SBOL 2.0支持对多种生物成分(如DNA、RNA、蛋白质、复合物、小分子等)及其相互作用进行注释。SBOL 2.0还允许研究人员将组件组织成分层模块,指定其预期功能,并将模块链接到以数学方式描述其行为的模型。为了支持SBOL 2.0的使用,我们开发了libSBOLj 2.0 Java库,它为开发人员提供了一个易于使用的应用程序编程接口(API),包括SBOL结构的操作、RDF/XML文件格式之间的序列化,以及从先前的SBOL 1.1标准到SBOL 2.0的转换形式的迁移支持。这封信描述了libSBOLj 2.0库及其设计中涉及的关键工程决策。
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引用次数: 25
2015 Index IEEE Life Sciences Letters Vol. 1 2015年IEEE生命科学快报第1卷
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/LLS.2016.2557938
This index covers all technical items - papers, correspondence, reviews, etc. - that appeared in this periodical during the year, and items from previous years that were commented upon or corrected in this year. Departments and other items may also be covered if they have been judged to have archival value. The Author Index contains the primary entry for each item, listed under the first author's name. The primary entry includes the co-authors' names, the title of the paper or other item, and its location, specified by the publication abbreviation, year, month, and inclusive pagination. The Subject Index contains entries describing the item under all appropriate subject headings, plus the first author's name, the publication abbreviation, month, and year, and inclusive pages. Note that the item title is found only under the primary entry in the Author Index.
本索引包括本年度本刊发表的所有技术项目——论文、通信、评论等,以及本年度评注或更正的往年技术项目。经认定具有档案价值的部门和其他事项也可以列入。作者索引包含每个条目的主条目,列在第一作者的名字下面。主要条目包括共同作者的姓名,论文或其他项目的标题,以及由出版物缩写,年份,月份和包括页码指定的位置。主题索引包含在所有适当的主题标题下描述该项目的条目,加上第一作者的姓名、出版物缩写、月份和年份,以及包含的页面。注意,项目标题只能在作者索引的主条目下找到。
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引用次数: 0
SCT Promoter Methylation Is a Highly Discriminative Biomarker for Lung and Many Other Cancers SCT启动子甲基化是肺癌和许多其他癌症的高度鉴别的生物标志物
Pub Date : 2015-10-07 DOI: 10.1109/LLS.2015.2488438
Adwait Sathe;Yu-An Zhang;Xiaotu Ma;Pradipta Ray;Daniela Cadinu;Yi-Wei Wang;Xiao Yao;Xiaoyun Liu;Hao Tang;Yunfei Wang;Ying Huang;Changning Liu;Jin Gu;Martin Akerman;Yifan Mo;Chao Cheng;Zhenyu Xuan;Lei Chen;Guanghua Xiao;Yang Xie;Luc Girard;Hongyang Wang;Stephen Lam;Ignacio I. Wistuba;Li Zhang;Adi F. Gazdar;Michael Q. Zhang
Aberrant DNA methylation has long been implicated in cancers. In this letter, we present a highly discriminative DNA methylation biomarker for non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) and 14 other cancers. Based on 69 NSCLC cell lines and 257 cancer-free lung tissues, we identified a CpG island in SCT gene promoter, which was verified by qMSP experiment in 15 NSCLC cell lines and three immortalized human respiratory epithelium cells. In addition, we found that the SCT promoter was methylated in 23 cancer cell lines involving >10 cancer types profiled by ENCODE. We found that the SCT promoter is hypermethylated in primary tumors from TCGA lung cancer cohort. In addition, we found that SCT promoter is methylated at high frequencies in 15 malignancies and is not methylated in ~1000 non-cancerous tissues across >30 organ types. This letter indicates that SCT promoter methylation is a highly discriminative biomarker for lung and many other cancers.
长期以来,异常的DNA甲基化一直与癌症有关。在这封信中,我们提出了一种高度鉴别非小细胞肺癌(nsclc)和其他14种癌症的DNA甲基化生物标志物。基于69株非小细胞肺癌细胞株和257例无癌肺组织,我们在SCT基因启动子中发现了一个CpG岛,并在15株非小细胞肺癌细胞株和3个永生化人呼吸上皮细胞中进行了qMSP实验验证。此外,我们发现SCT启动子在23个癌细胞系中被甲基化,涉及bb1010种由ENCODE分析的癌症类型。我们发现SCT启动子在来自TCGA肺癌队列的原发肿瘤中是高甲基化的。此外,我们发现SCT启动子在15种恶性肿瘤中高频率甲基化,而在30种器官类型的约1000种非癌组织中不甲基化。这封信表明SCT启动子甲基化是肺癌和许多其他癌症的高度鉴别的生物标志物。
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引用次数: 0
Exact Moment Dynamics for Feedforward Nonlinear Chemical Reaction Networks 前馈非线性化学反应网络的精确力矩动力学
Pub Date : 2015-09-29 DOI: 10.1109/LLS.2015.2483820
Eduardo Sontag, Abhyudai Singh
We introduce a class of chemical reaction networks for which all moments can be computed by finite-dimensional linear differential equations. This class allows second and higher order reactions, subject to certain assumptions on structure and/or conservation laws.
我们介绍了一类化学反应网络,它的所有矩都可以用有限维线性微分方程来计算。在一定的结构和/或守恒定律的前提下,这类反应允许二级和高阶反应。
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引用次数: 21
SNAPR: A Bioinformatics Pipeline for Efficient and Accurate RNA-Seq Alignment and Analysis SNAPR:高效和准确的RNA-Seq比对和分析的生物信息学管道
Pub Date : 2015-08-28 DOI: 10.1109/LLS.2015.2465870
Andrew T. Magis;Cory C. Funk;Nathan D. Price
The process of converting raw RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data to interpretable results can be circuitous and time-consuming, requiring multiple steps. We present an RNA-seq mapping algorithm that streamlines this process. Our algorithm utilizes a hash table approach to leverage the availability and the power of high memory machines. SNAPR, which can be run on a single library or thousands of libraries, can take compressed or uncompressed FASTQ and BAM files, and output a sorted BAM file, individual read counts, and gene fusions, and can identify exogenous RNA species in a single step. SNAPR also does native Phred score filtering of reads. SNAPR is also well suited for future sequencing platforms that generate longer reads. We show how we can analyze data from hundreds of TCGA samples in a matter of hours while identifying gene fusions and viral events at the same time. With the reference genome and transcriptome undergoing periodic updates and the need for uniform parameters when integrating multiple data sets, there is great need for a streamlined process for RNA-seq analysis. We demonstrate how SNAPR does this efficiently and accurately.
将原始RNA测序(RNA-seq)数据转换为可解释结果的过程可能是迂回且耗时的,需要多个步骤。我们提出了一种简化这一过程的RNA-seq映射算法。我们的算法利用哈希表方法来利用高内存机器的可用性和能力。SNAPR可以在单个库或数千个库上运行,可以接受压缩或未压缩的FASTQ和BAM文件,并输出排序的BAM文件、单个读取计数和基因融合,并且可以在单个步骤中识别外源RNA物种。SNAPR还对读取进行原生Phred评分过滤。SNAPR也非常适合未来产生更长的测序平台。我们展示了如何在几个小时内分析数百个TCGA样本的数据,同时识别基因融合和病毒事件。由于参考基因组和转录组的周期性更新以及整合多个数据集时需要统一的参数,因此非常需要简化的RNA-seq分析过程。我们将演示SNAPR如何高效、准确地做到这一点。
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引用次数: 11
Displacement of Bacterial Plasmids by Engineered Unilateral Incompatibility 利用工程单侧不相容性置换细菌质粒
Pub Date : 2015-08-19 DOI: 10.1109/LLS.2015.2465839
Robert Gooding-Townsend, S. Ten Holder, B. Ingalls
Bacterial plasmids employ copy number control systems to ensure that they do not overburden their hosts. Plasmid incompatibility is caused by shared components of copy number control systems, resulting in mutual inhibition of replication. Incompatible plasmids cannot be stably maintained within a host cell. Unilateral incompatibility, in which the plasmid replicons are compatible but one plasmid encodes for the replication inhibitor of the other, leads to rapid displacement of the inhibited plasmid. Thus, we propose that the unilateral incompatibility can be used to eradicate an undesirable plasmid from a population. To investigate this process, we developed deterministic and stochastic models of plasmid dynamics. An analysis of these models provides predictions about the efficacy of plasmid displacement.
细菌质粒采用拷贝数控制系统,以确保它们不会使宿主负担过重。质粒不亲和性是由拷贝数控制系统的共享组分引起的,从而导致复制的相互抑制。不相容的质粒不能在宿主细胞内稳定地维持。单侧不相容,即质粒复制子是相容的,但其中一个质粒编码另一个质粒的复制抑制剂,导致被抑制的质粒快速位移。因此,我们提出单侧不亲和性可用于从种群中根除不需要的质粒。为了研究这一过程,我们开发了质粒动力学的确定性和随机模型。对这些模型的分析提供了质粒置换效果的预测。
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引用次数: 3
Exact Moment Dynamics for Feedforward Nonlinear Chemical Reaction Networks 前馈非线性化学反应网络的精确力矩动力学
Pub Date : 2015-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/LLS.2015.2483820
Eduardo D. Sontag;Abhyudai Singh
We introduce a class of chemical reaction networks for which all moments can be computed by finite-dimensional linear differential equations. This class allows second and higher order reactions, subject to certain assumptions on structure and/or conservation laws.
我们介绍了一类化学反应网络,它的所有矩都可以用有限维线性微分方程来计算。在一定的结构和/或守恒定律的前提下,这类反应允许二级和高阶反应。
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引用次数: 21
期刊
IEEE life sciences letters
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