This article presents a compact magnetic levitation energy harvester (MLEH) with tunable resonant frequency. Unlike many of the reported tunable harvesters with unknown tuning results, the proposed MLEH can be tuned toward designated resonant frequency values within its tuning range. The targeted tuning processes is realized by a nonlinear magnet repulsive force exerted on a Halbach magnet array, combined with a calibrated scaling system. At a sinusoidal acceleration of ±0.15 g, the maximum frequency tuning range of the proposed MLEH is 6.3 Hz (8.1–14.4 Hz), which is 77.8% of its resonant MLEH (8.1 Hz). At a frequency of 9.7 Hz, the output power is 462.1 μW and the calculated normalized power density is 496 μW cm−3 g−2.
{"title":"Electromagnetic vibrational energy harvester with targeted frequency-tuning capability based on magnetic levitation","authors":"Chengbo Hu, Xinyi Wang, Zhifei Wang, Shudong Wang, Yuanyuan Liu, Yunjia Li","doi":"10.1063/10.0025788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/10.0025788","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a compact magnetic levitation energy harvester (MLEH) with tunable resonant frequency. Unlike many of the reported tunable harvesters with unknown tuning results, the proposed MLEH can be tuned toward designated resonant frequency values within its tuning range. The targeted tuning processes is realized by a nonlinear magnet repulsive force exerted on a Halbach magnet array, combined with a calibrated scaling system. At a sinusoidal acceleration of ±0.15 g, the maximum frequency tuning range of the proposed MLEH is 6.3 Hz (8.1–14.4 Hz), which is 77.8% of its resonant MLEH (8.1 Hz). At a frequency of 9.7 Hz, the output power is 462.1 μW and the calculated normalized power density is 496 μW cm−3 g−2.","PeriodicalId":87330,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140979657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nitrogen vacancy (NV) color centers in diamond have useful applications in quantum sensing and fluorescent marking. They can be generated experimentally by ion implantation, femtosecond lasers, and chemical vapor deposition. However, there is a lack of studies of the yield of NV color centers at the atomic scale. In the molecular dynamics simulations described in this paper, NV color centers are prepared by ion implantation in diamond with pre-doped nitrogen and subsequent annealing. The differences between the yields of NV color centers produced by implantation of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) ions, respectively, are investigated. It is found that C-ion implantation gives a greater yield of NV color centers and superior location accuracy. The effects of different pre-doping concentrations (400–1500 ppm) and implantation energies (1.0–3.0 keV) on the NV color center yield are analyzed, and it is shown that a pre-doping concentration of 1000 ppm with 2 keV C-ion implantation can produce a 13% yield of NV color centers after 1600 K annealing for 7.4 ns. Finally, a brief comparison of the NV color center identification methods is presented, and it is found that the error rate of an analysis utilizing the identify diamond structure + coordination analysis method is reduced by about 7% compared with conventional identification methods.
{"title":"Molecular dynamics simulation study of nitrogen vacancy color centers prepared by carbon ion implantation into diamond","authors":"Wei Zhao, Zongwei Xu, Pengfei Wang, Hanyi Chen","doi":"10.1063/10.0025756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/10.0025756","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrogen vacancy (NV) color centers in diamond have useful applications in quantum sensing and fluorescent marking. They can be generated experimentally by ion implantation, femtosecond lasers, and chemical vapor deposition. However, there is a lack of studies of the yield of NV color centers at the atomic scale. In the molecular dynamics simulations described in this paper, NV color centers are prepared by ion implantation in diamond with pre-doped nitrogen and subsequent annealing. The differences between the yields of NV color centers produced by implantation of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) ions, respectively, are investigated. It is found that C-ion implantation gives a greater yield of NV color centers and superior location accuracy. The effects of different pre-doping concentrations (400–1500 ppm) and implantation energies (1.0–3.0 keV) on the NV color center yield are analyzed, and it is shown that a pre-doping concentration of 1000 ppm with 2 keV C-ion implantation can produce a 13% yield of NV color centers after 1600 K annealing for 7.4 ns. Finally, a brief comparison of the NV color center identification methods is presented, and it is found that the error rate of an analysis utilizing the identify diamond structure + coordination analysis method is reduced by about 7% compared with conventional identification methods.","PeriodicalId":87330,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141006172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solid-state nanopores offer a range of distinct advantages over biological nanopores, such as structural diversity and greater stability and durability; this makes them highly promising for high-resolution nanoparticle sensing. Biological nanopores can exhibit gating characteristics with stress-responsive switches and can demonstrate specificity toward particular molecules. Drawing inspiration from biological nanopores, this paper introduces a novel polymer nanopore with field-effect characteristics, leveraging a conductive polymer in its construction to showcase intriguing gating behavior. Notably, in this device, the polymer layer serves as the gate, enabling precise control over the source–drain current response inside and outside the pore by simply adjusting the gate voltage. This unique feature allows fine-tuning of the nanopore’s sensitivity to nanoparticles of varying sizes and facilitates its operation in multiple modes. Experimental results reveal that the developed polymer nanopore field-effect transistor demonstrates remarkable selectivity in detecting nanoparticles of various sizes under different applied voltages. The proposed single device demonstrates the exceptional ability to detect multiple types of nanoparticle, showcasing its immense potential for a wide range of applications in biological-particle analysis and medical diagnostics.
{"title":"Voltage-modulated polymer nanopore field-effect transistor for multi-sized nanoparticle detection","authors":"Feng Zhou, Lin Li, Qiannan Xue","doi":"10.1063/10.0025754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/10.0025754","url":null,"abstract":"Solid-state nanopores offer a range of distinct advantages over biological nanopores, such as structural diversity and greater stability and durability; this makes them highly promising for high-resolution nanoparticle sensing. Biological nanopores can exhibit gating characteristics with stress-responsive switches and can demonstrate specificity toward particular molecules. Drawing inspiration from biological nanopores, this paper introduces a novel polymer nanopore with field-effect characteristics, leveraging a conductive polymer in its construction to showcase intriguing gating behavior. Notably, in this device, the polymer layer serves as the gate, enabling precise control over the source–drain current response inside and outside the pore by simply adjusting the gate voltage. This unique feature allows fine-tuning of the nanopore’s sensitivity to nanoparticles of varying sizes and facilitates its operation in multiple modes. Experimental results reveal that the developed polymer nanopore field-effect transistor demonstrates remarkable selectivity in detecting nanoparticles of various sizes under different applied voltages. The proposed single device demonstrates the exceptional ability to detect multiple types of nanoparticle, showcasing its immense potential for a wide range of applications in biological-particle analysis and medical diagnostics.","PeriodicalId":87330,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141010863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fan Du, Kai Li, Mingzhen Li, Junyang Fang, Long Sun, Chao Wang, Yexin Wang, Maiqi Liu, Jinbang Li, Xiaoying Wang
The development of tissue engineering and regeneration research has created new platforms for bone transplantation. However, the preparation of scaffolds with good fiber integrity is challenging, because scaffolds prepared by traditional printing methods are prone to fiber cracking during solvent evaporation. Human skin has an excellent natural heat-management system, which helps to maintain a constant body temperature through perspiration or blood-vessel constriction. In this work, an electrohydrodynamic-jet 3D-printing method inspired by the thermal-management system of skin was developed. In this system, the evaporation of solvent in the printed fibers can be adjusted using the temperature-change rate of the substrate to prepare 3D structures with good structural integrity. To investigate the solvent evaporation and the interlayer bonding of the fibers, finite-element analysis simulations of a three-layer microscale structure were carried out. The results show that the solvent-evaporation path is from bottom to top, and the strain in the printed structure becomes smaller with a smaller temperature-change rate. Experimental results verified the accuracy of these simulation results, and a variety of complex 3D structures with high aspect ratios were printed. Microscale cracks were reduced to the nanoscale by adjusting the temperature-change rate from 2.5 to 0.5 °C s−1. Optimized process parameters were selected to prepare a tissue engineering scaffold with high integrity. It was confirmed that this printed scaffold had good biocompatibility and could be used for bone-tissue regeneration. This simple and flexible 3D-printing method can also help with the preparation of a wide range of micro- and nanostructured sensors and actuators.
{"title":"Biomimetic 3D printing of composite structures with decreased cracking","authors":"Fan Du, Kai Li, Mingzhen Li, Junyang Fang, Long Sun, Chao Wang, Yexin Wang, Maiqi Liu, Jinbang Li, Xiaoying Wang","doi":"10.1063/10.0025654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/10.0025654","url":null,"abstract":"The development of tissue engineering and regeneration research has created new platforms for bone transplantation. However, the preparation of scaffolds with good fiber integrity is challenging, because scaffolds prepared by traditional printing methods are prone to fiber cracking during solvent evaporation. Human skin has an excellent natural heat-management system, which helps to maintain a constant body temperature through perspiration or blood-vessel constriction. In this work, an electrohydrodynamic-jet 3D-printing method inspired by the thermal-management system of skin was developed. In this system, the evaporation of solvent in the printed fibers can be adjusted using the temperature-change rate of the substrate to prepare 3D structures with good structural integrity. To investigate the solvent evaporation and the interlayer bonding of the fibers, finite-element analysis simulations of a three-layer microscale structure were carried out. The results show that the solvent-evaporation path is from bottom to top, and the strain in the printed structure becomes smaller with a smaller temperature-change rate. Experimental results verified the accuracy of these simulation results, and a variety of complex 3D structures with high aspect ratios were printed. Microscale cracks were reduced to the nanoscale by adjusting the temperature-change rate from 2.5 to 0.5 °C s−1. Optimized process parameters were selected to prepare a tissue engineering scaffold with high integrity. It was confirmed that this printed scaffold had good biocompatibility and could be used for bone-tissue regeneration. This simple and flexible 3D-printing method can also help with the preparation of a wide range of micro- and nanostructured sensors and actuators.","PeriodicalId":87330,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140667896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ben-Song Wang, Ang Gao, Song-Wei Huang, Qi-Hong Ning, Cheng Zhou, Qi-Xiang Song, Da-Xiang Cui
Flexible pressure sensors are lightweight and highly sensitive, making them suitable for use in small portable devices to achieve precise measurements of tiny forces. This article introduces a low-cost and easy-fabrication strategy for piezoresistive flexible pressure sensors. By embedding silver nanowires into a polydimethylsiloxane layer with micro-pyramids on its surface, a flexible pressure sensor is created that can detect low pressure (17.3 Pa) with fast response (<20 ms) and high sensitivity (69.6 mA kPa−1). Furthermore, the pressure sensor exhibits a sensitive and stable response to a small amount of water flowing on its surface. On this basis, the flexible pressure sensor is innovatively combined with a micro-rotor to fabricate a novel urinary flow-rate meter (uroflowmeter), and results from a simulated human urination experiment show that the uroflowmeter accurately captured all the essential shape characteristics that were present in the pump-simulated urination curves. Looking ahead, this research provides a new reference for using flexible pressure sensors in urinary flow-rate monitoring.
柔性压力传感器重量轻、灵敏度高，适合用于小型便携式设备，以实现对微小力的精确测量。本文介绍了压阻柔性压力传感器的低成本、易制造策略。通过将银纳米线嵌入表面有微金字塔的聚二甲基硅氧烷层，制造出了一种柔性压力传感器，它能检测低压（17.3 Pa），响应速度快（<20 ms），灵敏度高（69.6 mA kPa-1）。此外，该压力传感器还能对其表面的少量水流做出灵敏而稳定的响应。在此基础上，创新性地将柔性压力传感器与微型转子相结合，制造出一种新型尿流量计（尿流量计），模拟人体排尿实验的结果表明，尿流量计准确捕捉到了泵模拟排尿曲线的所有基本形状特征。展望未来，这项研究为在尿流速率监测中使用柔性压力传感器提供了新的参考。
{"title":"Flexible polydimethylsiloxane pressure sensor with micro-pyramid structures and embedded silver nanowires: A novel application in urinary flow measurement","authors":"Ben-Song Wang, Ang Gao, Song-Wei Huang, Qi-Hong Ning, Cheng Zhou, Qi-Xiang Song, Da-Xiang Cui","doi":"10.1063/10.0025653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/10.0025653","url":null,"abstract":"Flexible pressure sensors are lightweight and highly sensitive, making them suitable for use in small portable devices to achieve precise measurements of tiny forces. This article introduces a low-cost and easy-fabrication strategy for piezoresistive flexible pressure sensors. By embedding silver nanowires into a polydimethylsiloxane layer with micro-pyramids on its surface, a flexible pressure sensor is created that can detect low pressure (17.3 Pa) with fast response (<20 ms) and high sensitivity (69.6 mA kPa−1). Furthermore, the pressure sensor exhibits a sensitive and stable response to a small amount of water flowing on its surface. On this basis, the flexible pressure sensor is innovatively combined with a micro-rotor to fabricate a novel urinary flow-rate meter (uroflowmeter), and results from a simulated human urination experiment show that the uroflowmeter accurately captured all the essential shape characteristics that were present in the pump-simulated urination curves. Looking ahead, this research provides a new reference for using flexible pressure sensors in urinary flow-rate monitoring.","PeriodicalId":87330,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140668411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sensitive detection and precise quantitation of trace-level crucial biomarkers in a complex sample matrix has become an important area of research. For example, the detection of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) is strongly recommended in clinical guidelines for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Based on the use of an electrode modified by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and a Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticle (Ru@SiO2)/tripropylamine (TPA) system, a novel type of electrochemiluminescent (ECL) magneto-immunosensor is developed for ultrasensitive detection of hs-cTnI. In this approach, a large amount of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ is loaded in SiO2 (silica nanoparticles) as luminophores with high luminescent efficiency and SWCNTs as electrode surface modification material with excellent electrooxidation ability for TPA. Subsequently, a hierarchical micropillar array of microstructures is fabricated with a magnet placed at each end to efficiently confine a single layer of immunomagnetic microbeads on the surface of the electrode and enable 7.5-fold signal enhancement. In particular, the use of transparent SWCNTs to modify a transparent ITO electrode provides a two-order-of-magnitude ECL signal amplification. A good linear calibration curve is developed for hs-cTnI concentrations over a wide range from 10 fg/ml to 10 ng/ml, with the limit of detection calculated as 8.720 fg/ml (S/N = 3). This ultrasensitive immunosensor exhibits superior detection performance with remarkable stability, reproducibility, and selectivity. Satisfactory recoveries are obtained in the detection of hs-cTnI in human serum, providing a potential analysis protocol for clinical applications.
{"title":"An electrochemiluminescent magneto-immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of hs-cTnI on a microfluidic chip","authors":"Yun Hui, Zhen Zhao, Weiliang Shu, Fengshan Shen, Weijun Kong, Shengyong Geng, Zhen Xu, Tianzhun Wu, Wenhua Zhou, Xuefeng Yu","doi":"10.1063/10.0025652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/10.0025652","url":null,"abstract":"Sensitive detection and precise quantitation of trace-level crucial biomarkers in a complex sample matrix has become an important area of research. For example, the detection of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) is strongly recommended in clinical guidelines for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Based on the use of an electrode modified by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and a Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticle (Ru@SiO2)/tripropylamine (TPA) system, a novel type of electrochemiluminescent (ECL) magneto-immunosensor is developed for ultrasensitive detection of hs-cTnI. In this approach, a large amount of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ is loaded in SiO2 (silica nanoparticles) as luminophores with high luminescent efficiency and SWCNTs as electrode surface modification material with excellent electrooxidation ability for TPA. Subsequently, a hierarchical micropillar array of microstructures is fabricated with a magnet placed at each end to efficiently confine a single layer of immunomagnetic microbeads on the surface of the electrode and enable 7.5-fold signal enhancement. In particular, the use of transparent SWCNTs to modify a transparent ITO electrode provides a two-order-of-magnitude ECL signal amplification. A good linear calibration curve is developed for hs-cTnI concentrations over a wide range from 10 fg/ml to 10 ng/ml, with the limit of detection calculated as 8.720 fg/ml (S/N = 3). This ultrasensitive immunosensor exhibits superior detection performance with remarkable stability, reproducibility, and selectivity. Satisfactory recoveries are obtained in the detection of hs-cTnI in human serum, providing a potential analysis protocol for clinical applications.","PeriodicalId":87330,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140671280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Munasir Nasir, Nuhaa Faaizatunnisa, M. N. Ariesta, Lydia Rohmawati, Rifqi Aulia Nurazizah
Curcumin is a natural polyphenol that is used in various traditional medicines. However, its inherent properties, such as its rapid degradation and metabolism, low bioavailability, and short half-life, are serious problems that must be resolved. To this end, a drug carrier incorporating natural magnetic cores in a zeolite framework was developed and applied to the loading of curcumin in ethanol solutions. In this system, curcumin is encapsulated in a zeolite Na (ZNA) magnetic core–shell structure (Fe@Si/ZNA), which can be easily synthesized using an in situ method. Synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles was carried out from natural materials using a co-precipitation method. Analysis of the prepared magnetic core–shell structures and composites was carried out using vibrating-sample magnetometery, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and x-ray diffraction. The cumulative loading of curcumin in the ZNA composite with 9% nanoparticles was found to reach 90.70% with a relatively long half-life of 32.49 min. Stability tests of curcumin loading in the composite showed that adding magnetic particles to the zeolite framework also increased the stability of the composite structure. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm studies also found that the system follows the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm models.
姜黄素是一种天然多酚，被用于多种传统药物中。然而，姜黄素的固有特性，如降解和代谢快、生物利用率低、半衰期短等，都是亟待解决的严重问题。为此，我们开发了一种在沸石框架中加入天然磁芯的药物载体，并将其应用于姜黄素在乙醇溶液中的负载。在这一系统中，姜黄素被包裹在沸石 Na（ZNA）磁芯壳结构（Fe@Si/ZNA）中，而这种磁芯壳结构可以通过原位法轻松合成。利用共沉淀法从天然材料中合成了 Fe3O4 纳米粒子。利用振动样品磁强计、傅立叶变换红外光谱、透射电子显微镜和 X 射线衍射对制备的磁性核壳结构和复合材料进行了分析。结果发现，在含有 9% 纳米颗粒的 ZNA 复合材料中，姜黄素的累积负载量达到了 90.70%，半衰期相对较长，为 32.49 分钟。对复合材料中姜黄素负载量的稳定性测试表明，在沸石框架中添加磁性颗粒也提高了复合材料结构的稳定性。吸附动力学和等温线研究还发现，该系统遵循伪二阶和朗缪尔等温线模型。
{"title":"Facile in situ synthesis and characterization of Fe@Si/zeolite Na composites with magnetic core–shell structures from natural materials for enhanced curcumin loading capacity","authors":"Munasir Nasir, Nuhaa Faaizatunnisa, M. N. Ariesta, Lydia Rohmawati, Rifqi Aulia Nurazizah","doi":"10.1063/10.0025584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/10.0025584","url":null,"abstract":"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol that is used in various traditional medicines. However, its inherent properties, such as its rapid degradation and metabolism, low bioavailability, and short half-life, are serious problems that must be resolved. To this end, a drug carrier incorporating natural magnetic cores in a zeolite framework was developed and applied to the loading of curcumin in ethanol solutions. In this system, curcumin is encapsulated in a zeolite Na (ZNA) magnetic core–shell structure (Fe@Si/ZNA), which can be easily synthesized using an in situ method. Synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles was carried out from natural materials using a co-precipitation method. Analysis of the prepared magnetic core–shell structures and composites was carried out using vibrating-sample magnetometery, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and x-ray diffraction. The cumulative loading of curcumin in the ZNA composite with 9% nanoparticles was found to reach 90.70% with a relatively long half-life of 32.49 min. Stability tests of curcumin loading in the composite showed that adding magnetic particles to the zeolite framework also increased the stability of the composite structure. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm studies also found that the system follows the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm models.","PeriodicalId":87330,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140694664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acoustic streaming enabled by a Lamb wave resonator (LWR) is efficient for particle trapping and enrichment in microfluidic channels. However, because Lamb waves combine the features of bulk acoustic waves and surface acoustic waves, the resulting acoustic streaming in the LWR occurs in multiple planes, and the particle flow behavior in this acoustofluidic system is largely unknown. Reported here are numerical simulations and laboratory experiments conducted to investigate the boundary conditions for particle motion inside a microvortex induced by an LWR. Upon dynamic capture, the particles’ trajectories become orbital paths within an acoustic vortex. The suspended particles encounter two distinct acoustic phenomena, i.e., the drag force resulting from acoustic streaming and the acoustic radiation force, which exert forces in various directions on the particles. When the acoustic radiation force and the fluid drag force are dominant for large and small particles in a mixed solution, respectively, the large particles reside within the vortex while the small particles remain at its periphery. Conversely, when the acoustic radiation force is dominant for both types of particles, the distribution pattern is reversed.
{"title":"Particle distributions in Lamb wave based acoustofluidics","authors":"Chuanchao Zhang, Xian Chen, Wei Wei, Xuejiao Chen, Quanning Li, Xuexin Duan","doi":"10.1063/10.0024320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/10.0024320","url":null,"abstract":"Acoustic streaming enabled by a Lamb wave resonator (LWR) is efficient for particle trapping and enrichment in microfluidic channels. However, because Lamb waves combine the features of bulk acoustic waves and surface acoustic waves, the resulting acoustic streaming in the LWR occurs in multiple planes, and the particle flow behavior in this acoustofluidic system is largely unknown. Reported here are numerical simulations and laboratory experiments conducted to investigate the boundary conditions for particle motion inside a microvortex induced by an LWR. Upon dynamic capture, the particles’ trajectories become orbital paths within an acoustic vortex. The suspended particles encounter two distinct acoustic phenomena, i.e., the drag force resulting from acoustic streaming and the acoustic radiation force, which exert forces in various directions on the particles. When the acoustic radiation force and the fluid drag force are dominant for large and small particles in a mixed solution, respectively, the large particles reside within the vortex while the small particles remain at its periphery. Conversely, when the acoustic radiation force is dominant for both types of particles, the distribution pattern is reversed.","PeriodicalId":87330,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140239886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jie Bai, Pingjuan Niu, Erdan Gu, Jianming Li, Clarence Augustine TH Tee
Micro-LEDs (μLEDs) have advantages in terms of brightness, power consumption, and response speed. In addition, they can also be used as micro-sensors implanted in the body via flexible electronic skin. One of the key techniques involved in the fabrication of μLED-based devices is transfer printing. Although numerous methods have been proposed for transfer printing, improving the yield of μLED arrays is still a formidable task. In this paper, we propose a novel method for improving the yield of μLED arrays transferred by the stamping method, using an innovative design of piezoelectrically driven asymmetric micro-gripper. Traditional grippers are too large to manipulate μLEDs, and therefore two micro-sized cantilevers are added at the gripper tips. A μLED manipulation system is constructed based on the micro-gripper together with a three-dimensional positioning system. Experimental results using this system show that it can be used successfully to manipulate μLED arrays.
微型 LED（μLED）在亮度、功耗和响应速度方面都具有优势。此外，它们还可用作通过柔性电子皮肤植入人体的微型传感器。转印技术是制造基于μLED器件的关键技术之一。虽然转移印花的方法层出不穷，但提高μLED阵列的成品率仍是一项艰巨的任务。在本文中，我们提出了一种新方法，利用创新设计的压电驱动非对称微型夹具，提高通过冲压方法转移的 μLED 阵列的成品率。传统的抓手太大，无法操纵微型 LED，因此在抓手顶端增加了两个微型悬臂。基于微型机械手和三维定位系统，我们构建了一个 μLED 操作系统。使用该系统的实验结果表明，它可以成功地操纵微型 LED 阵列。
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Jie Bai, Pingjuan Niu, Erdan Gu, Jianming Li, Clarence Augustine TH Tee
Micro-LEDs (μLEDs) have advantages in terms of brightness, power consumption, and response speed. In addition, they can also be used as micro-sensors implanted in the body via flexible electronic skin. One of the key techniques involved in the fabrication of μLED-based devices is transfer printing. Although numerous methods have been proposed for transfer printing, improving the yield of μLED arrays is still a formidable task. In this paper, we propose a novel method for improving the yield of μLED arrays transferred by the stamping method, using an innovative design of piezoelectrically driven asymmetric micro-gripper. Traditional grippers are too large to manipulate μLEDs, and therefore two micro-sized cantilevers are added at the gripper tips. A μLED manipulation system is constructed based on the micro-gripper together with a three-dimensional positioning system. Experimental results using this system show that it can be used successfully to manipulate μLED arrays.
微型 LED（μLED）在亮度、功耗和响应速度方面都具有优势。此外，它们还可用作通过柔性电子皮肤植入人体的微型传感器。转印技术是制造基于μLED器件的关键技术之一。虽然转移印花的方法层出不穷，但提高μLED阵列的成品率仍是一项艰巨的任务。在本文中，我们提出了一种新方法，利用创新设计的压电驱动非对称微型夹具，提高通过冲压方法转移的 μLED 阵列的成品率。传统的抓手太大，无法操纵微型 LED，因此在抓手顶端增加了两个微型悬臂。基于微型机械手和三维定位系统，我们构建了一个 μLED 操作系统。使用该系统的实验结果表明，它可以成功地操纵微型 LED 阵列。
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