Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1128/MICROBE.11.452.1
C. Stadtländer
Issues surrounding transmissions of infectious agents from animals (wild and domestic) to humans have become an increasingly important topic of discussions not only among clinicians and scientists but also in the general public. A search in the PubMed data base (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) using the key word “zoonoses” reveals a significant increase in publications over the years. For example, as of June 1, 2016, an astounding 1,338 papers have been published on zoonoses in 2015 alone, compared to 836, 537, and 362 papers in 2010, 2005, and 2000, respectively. It is therefore not surprising that existing books about zoonoses need to be frequently updated in order to provide readers with information about the most recent research findings and developments in this field.
{"title":"Reviews and Resources:Zoonoses: Infectious Diseases Transmissible from Animals to Humans (4th ed.): BOOKS","authors":"C. Stadtländer","doi":"10.1128/MICROBE.11.452.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/MICROBE.11.452.1","url":null,"abstract":"Issues surrounding transmissions of infectious agents from animals (wild and domestic) to humans have become an increasingly important topic of discussions not only among clinicians and scientists but also in the general public. A search in the PubMed data base (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) using the key word “zoonoses” reveals a significant increase in publications over the years. For example, as of June 1, 2016, an astounding 1,338 papers have been published on zoonoses in 2015 alone, compared to 836, 537, and 362 papers in 2010, 2005, and 2000, respectively. It is therefore not surprising that existing books about zoonoses need to be frequently updated in order to provide readers with information about the most recent research findings and developments in this field.","PeriodicalId":87479,"journal":{"name":"Microbe (Washington, D.C.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63642568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1128/MICROBE.11.451.2
M. Schaechter
What a happy title! This book could have been called “The Wages of Sin” or something equally judgmental. It deals with the microbial penalties that may accompany such pleasurable activities as ocean cruising, immersing in hot tubs, camping, or having pets. Even taking your kids to the petting zoo may come at a cost. And never mind such items as body piercing and tattoos, or, as one chapter says: “Sexually Transmitted Diseases: From Boudoir to Bordello.”
{"title":"Reviews and Resources:Infections of Leisure, 4th edition: BOOKS","authors":"M. Schaechter","doi":"10.1128/MICROBE.11.451.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/MICROBE.11.451.2","url":null,"abstract":"What a happy title! This book could have been called “The Wages of Sin” or something equally judgmental. It deals with the microbial penalties that may accompany such pleasurable activities as ocean cruising, immersing in hot tubs, camping, or having pets. Even taking your kids to the petting zoo may come at a cost. And never mind such items as body piercing and tattoos, or, as one chapter says: “Sexually Transmitted Diseases: From Boudoir to Bordello.”","PeriodicalId":87479,"journal":{"name":"Microbe (Washington, D.C.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1128/MICROBE.11.451.2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63642958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1128/MICROBE.11.417.1
D. Holzman
Zika virus strains fall into two major genetic lineages—one African, the other Asian—based on recent genome sequencing analysis, according to Young-Min Lee of Utah State University, Logan, and his collaborators. “Studies are currently underway at Utah State University to examine the functional importance of the genetic variation on viral replication and pathogenesis,” he says. Meanwhile, the World Health Organization (WHO) designated another Zika isolate as a reference strain for use in diagnosis. Its sequence was determined by Sally Baylis of the Paul-Ehrlich-Institut in Langen, Germany, and her collaborators. Details appeared online in Genome Announcements, August 18 and September 1, 2016, respectively (doi:10.1128/genomeA.00917–16, and doi:10.1128/genomeA.00800–16).
{"title":"Zika Genome Sequences Set for Diagnostic, Vaccine Development Purposes","authors":"D. Holzman","doi":"10.1128/MICROBE.11.417.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/MICROBE.11.417.1","url":null,"abstract":"Zika virus strains fall into two major genetic lineages—one African, the other Asian—based on recent genome sequencing analysis, according to Young-Min Lee of Utah State University, Logan, and his collaborators. “Studies are currently underway at Utah State University to examine the functional importance of the genetic variation on viral replication and pathogenesis,” he says. Meanwhile, the World Health Organization (WHO) designated another Zika isolate as a reference strain for use in diagnosis. Its sequence was determined by Sally Baylis of the Paul-Ehrlich-Institut in Langen, Germany, and her collaborators. Details appeared online in Genome Announcements, August 18 and September 1, 2016, respectively (doi:10.1128/genomeA.00917–16, and doi:10.1128/genomeA.00800–16).","PeriodicalId":87479,"journal":{"name":"Microbe (Washington, D.C.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63642189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1128/MICROBE.11.427.1
J. Amend, D. LaRowe
Approximately 70% of the Earth's surface is covered by ocean—on average, under 3,700 m of water. At the seafloor is a blanket of unconsolidated sediment consisting of continental detritus; particulate organic matter; silica- and carbonate-rich, biologically produced hard materials; and void spaces filled with saline fluids of wide-ranging chemistries. Near the continents, especially where relief is high and physical weathering is prominent, the sediment thickness can measure more than 10 km. However, underneath the oligotrophic open ocean gyres, it can be less than 0.1 km, even on seafloor that is tens of millions of years old, and parts of the ocean floor, especially the mid-ocean ridges, young ridge flanks, and ubiquitous seamounts, are naked or covered by only a thin veneer of sediment.
{"title":"Ocean Sediments—an Enormous but Underappreciated Microbial Habitat: Modeling proves essential in efforts to understand the estimated 3×1029 microbial cells that comprise this unusual ecosystem","authors":"J. Amend, D. LaRowe","doi":"10.1128/MICROBE.11.427.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/MICROBE.11.427.1","url":null,"abstract":"Approximately 70% of the Earth's surface is covered by ocean—on average, under 3,700 m of water. At the seafloor is a blanket of unconsolidated sediment consisting of continental detritus; particulate organic matter; silica- and carbonate-rich, biologically produced hard materials; and void spaces filled with saline fluids of wide-ranging chemistries. Near the continents, especially where relief is high and physical weathering is prominent, the sediment thickness can measure more than 10 km. However, underneath the oligotrophic open ocean gyres, it can be less than 0.1 km, even on seafloor that is tens of millions of years old, and parts of the ocean floor, especially the mid-ocean ridges, young ridge flanks, and ubiquitous seamounts, are naked or covered by only a thin veneer of sediment.","PeriodicalId":87479,"journal":{"name":"Microbe (Washington, D.C.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1128/MICROBE.11.427.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63642285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1128/microbe.11.418.1
Marcia Stone
The development of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria depends on a dynamic growth process, involving a program that is far more complex than mere emergence of mutants with higher resistance than their predecessor strains, according to Roy Kishony of Technion-Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa and Harvard Medical School in Boston, Mass., and his collaborators. This conclusion is based on viewing how cells change while growing on “microbial evolution and growth arena (MEGA)” plates, following those cells as they spread along large plates containing antibiotics as well as nutrients. Details appeared 9 September 2016 in Science (doi:10.1126/science.aag0822).
据海法以色列理工学院(Technion-Israel Institute of Technology)和马萨诸塞州波士顿哈佛医学院(Harvard Medical School)的罗伊·基绍尼(Roy Kishony)说，耐抗生素菌株的发展取决于一个动态的生长过程，涉及的程序远比仅仅出现比其前身菌株具有更高耐药性的突变体要复杂得多。和他的合作者。这一结论是基于观察细胞在“微生物进化和生长舞台(MEGA)”培养皿上生长时的变化，跟踪这些细胞沿着含有抗生素和营养物质的大培养皿扩散。详情刊登在2016年9月9日的《科学》杂志上(doi:10.1126/ Science .aag0822)。
{"title":"Visualizing Bacteria as They Develop Antibiotic Resistance in Vitro","authors":"Marcia Stone","doi":"10.1128/microbe.11.418.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/microbe.11.418.1","url":null,"abstract":"The development of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria depends on a dynamic growth process, involving a program that is far more complex than mere emergence of mutants with higher resistance than their predecessor strains, according to Roy Kishony of Technion-Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa and Harvard Medical School in Boston, Mass., and his collaborators. This conclusion is based on viewing how cells change while growing on “microbial evolution and growth arena (MEGA)” plates, following those cells as they spread along large plates containing antibiotics as well as nutrients. Details appeared 9 September 2016 in Science (doi:10.1126/science.aag0822).","PeriodicalId":87479,"journal":{"name":"Microbe (Washington, D.C.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63642320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1128/MICROBE.11.415.1
B. Digregorio
The last universal common ancestor (LUCA) apparently was a thermophilic, anaerobic, nitrogen-fixing microorganism, according to William F. Martin from the Institute of Molecular Evolution at Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, in Dusseldorf, Germany, and his collaborators. Their findings support the theory of an autotrophic origin of life involving the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway in a hydrothermal setting. Details appeared July 25, 2016 in Nature Microbiology (doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.116).
{"title":"Analysis Suggests Habitat, Lifestyle for Last Universal Common Ancestor","authors":"B. Digregorio","doi":"10.1128/MICROBE.11.415.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/MICROBE.11.415.1","url":null,"abstract":"The last universal common ancestor (LUCA) apparently was a thermophilic, anaerobic, nitrogen-fixing microorganism, according to William F. Martin from the Institute of Molecular Evolution at Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, in Dusseldorf, Germany, and his collaborators. Their findings support the theory of an autotrophic origin of life involving the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway in a hydrothermal setting. Details appeared July 25, 2016 in Nature Microbiology (doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.116).","PeriodicalId":87479,"journal":{"name":"Microbe (Washington, D.C.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63641607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1128/MICROBE.11.412.1
B. Dixon
As a swan song (goodbye, readers!), I thought this month I would discuss one of my little-known scientific heroes. In doing so, I shall be looking backwards but also forwards to 2020, the centenary of his richly deserved but rarely celebrated Nobel Prize.
{"title":"Last of the Great Potterers: Would it be possible today for one inspired individual to make major contributions across a range of different scientific specialties?","authors":"B. Dixon","doi":"10.1128/MICROBE.11.412.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/MICROBE.11.412.1","url":null,"abstract":"As a swan song (goodbye, readers!), I thought this month I would discuss one of my little-known scientific heroes. In doing so, I shall be looking backwards but also forwards to 2020, the centenary of his richly deserved but rarely celebrated Nobel Prize.","PeriodicalId":87479,"journal":{"name":"Microbe (Washington, D.C.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1128/MICROBE.11.412.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63642009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1128/MICROBE.11.451.1
Mark O. Martin
Twenty years ago, I took the transformative “Microbial Diversity” course at the Marine Biological Laboratories in Woods Hole, Mass., taught by the late Edward Leadbetter and the late Abigail Salyers. Awed by the depth and breadth of what I soon called “matters microbial,” and perplexed by textbook options for use in the classroom, Ed laughed and told me I needed three texts: one for the students, and two for me. Microbiology is changing constantly, and expanding its scope to so many other disciplines as it changes. There was simply, as he put it, not enough paper for the subject matter in one book.
{"title":"Reviews and Resources:Microbe, 2nd Edition: BOOKS","authors":"Mark O. Martin","doi":"10.1128/MICROBE.11.451.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/MICROBE.11.451.1","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty years ago, I took the transformative “Microbial Diversity” course at the Marine Biological Laboratories in Woods Hole, Mass., taught by the late Edward Leadbetter and the late Abigail Salyers. Awed by the depth and breadth of what I soon called “matters microbial,” and perplexed by textbook options for use in the classroom, Ed laughed and told me I needed three texts: one for the students, and two for me. Microbiology is changing constantly, and expanding its scope to so many other disciplines as it changes. There was simply, as he put it, not enough paper for the subject matter in one book.","PeriodicalId":87479,"journal":{"name":"Microbe (Washington, D.C.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1128/MICROBE.11.451.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63642855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1128/MICROBE.11.414.1
Shannon Weiman
While the limelight shines on the bacterial microbiome for its role in shaping human health and disease, the virome remains more in the shadows. However, viruses associated with human hosts can have profound impacts on their health, according to several researchers who spoke during the ASM 2016 Microbe Conference held in Boston last June. Even though some chronic viral infections appear asymptomatic, the viral particles being generated during such latent periods can stimulate innate immune responses, dictating immune reactivity as well as susceptibility to infections and inflammatory and other diseases, including cancer.
{"title":"Virome Affects Host Immune Status, Susceptibility to Range of Diseases","authors":"Shannon Weiman","doi":"10.1128/MICROBE.11.414.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/MICROBE.11.414.1","url":null,"abstract":"While the limelight shines on the bacterial microbiome for its role in shaping human health and disease, the virome remains more in the shadows. However, viruses associated with human hosts can have profound impacts on their health, according to several researchers who spoke during the ASM 2016 Microbe Conference held in Boston last June. Even though some chronic viral infections appear asymptomatic, the viral particles being generated during such latent periods can stimulate innate immune responses, dictating immune reactivity as well as susceptibility to infections and inflammatory and other diseases, including cancer.","PeriodicalId":87479,"journal":{"name":"Microbe (Washington, D.C.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63641551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1128/MICROBE.11.416.1
C. Potera
Microbiologists recently realized that lichens, formerly defined as pairings of fungi and algae (cyanobacteria), instead include a third component—yeast. Indeed, yeast cells are found embedded in the cortexes of lichens collected on six continents—thus overturning a definition for lichens that was established about 150 years ago, according to Tony Spribille at the University of Montana (UM) in Missoula and his collaborators at several institutions. Details appeared 29 July 2016 in Science (doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf8287).
{"title":"Take Note: Yeast Turns the Lichen Duet of Fungi and Algae into a Trio","authors":"C. Potera","doi":"10.1128/MICROBE.11.416.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/MICROBE.11.416.1","url":null,"abstract":"Microbiologists recently realized that lichens, formerly defined as pairings of fungi and algae (cyanobacteria), instead include a third component—yeast. Indeed, yeast cells are found embedded in the cortexes of lichens collected on six continents—thus overturning a definition for lichens that was established about 150 years ago, according to Tony Spribille at the University of Montana (UM) in Missoula and his collaborators at several institutions. Details appeared 29 July 2016 in Science (doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf8287).","PeriodicalId":87479,"journal":{"name":"Microbe (Washington, D.C.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1128/MICROBE.11.416.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63642127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：