Pub Date : 2023-05-09DOI: 10.1080/09583157.2023.2207789
Ially de Almeida Moura, Inês dos Santos Pereira, Raoni Andrade Pires, O. L. Ribeiro, Caio Monteiro, L. Rocha, W. M. Perinotto
ABSTRACT The fungus Metarhizium anisopliae is one of the most studied biological control agents in parasite control programs, especially when aiming the control of arthropods. Yet, studies using this biological agent to control gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants are scarce. The present study evaluated the efficacy of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato (s.l.) formulated in water and mineral oil on the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) in goats, by means of in vitro tests and in semi-natural conditions. The study also evaluated the persistence of the fungus in the soil. The experiments were constituted of four groups: control water; control oil; aqueous formulation of M. anisopliae s.l.; oil formulation of M. anisopliae s.l., each group consisting of 10 pots with Urochloa brizantha cv. MG5 grass. In the in vitro test, the groups treated with the aqueous and mineral oil formulation showed efficacy in controlling gastrointestinal nematodes of goats, providing a reduction of 45.5% and 43%, respectively, and a reduction varying from 36% to 77.9% and 42.6% to 90.2%, respectively, in the experiment under semi-natural conditions. Isolate M. anisopliae s.l. proved to be effective against goat’s gastrointestinal nematodes in the free-living stage, in both in vitro and semi-natural conditions tests, by significantly reducing the number of larvae with the formulations tested and remaining active for a period up to 52 days in the pots’soil. This study suggests the potential use of M. anisopliae s.l. for the biological control of gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants.
摘要金龟子绿僵菌(Metarhizium anisopliae)是寄生虫防治中研究最多的生物防治剂之一，尤其是在节肢动物防治中。然而，使用这种生物制剂控制反刍动物胃肠道线虫的研究很少。本研究通过体外试验和半自然条件，评价了在水和矿物油中配制的金龟子绿僵菌(Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato, s.l.)对山羊胃肠道线虫(GINs)自由生活阶段的影响。该研究还评估了真菌在土壤中的持久性。实验分为四组:对照水;控制油;绿僵菌的水制剂;绿僵菌油制剂，每组10罐，用赤花草配制。MG5草。在体外试验中，水剂组和矿物油组对山羊胃肠道线虫的控制效果较好，分别减少45.5%和43%，在半自然条件下，分别减少36% ~ 77.9%和42.6% ~ 90.2%。在体外和半自然条件下的试验中，分离出的绿僵菌s.l.在自由生活阶段被证明对山羊胃肠道线虫有效，试验配方显著减少了幼虫的数量，并在盆栽土壤中保持活性长达52天。本研究提示绿僵菌在反刍动物胃肠道线虫的生物防治中具有潜在的应用价值。
{"title":"First report of Metarhizium anisopliae s.l. action on gastrointestinal ruminant nematodes in the free-living stage and its persistence in soil","authors":"Ially de Almeida Moura, Inês dos Santos Pereira, Raoni Andrade Pires, O. L. Ribeiro, Caio Monteiro, L. Rocha, W. M. Perinotto","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2207789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2207789","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The fungus Metarhizium anisopliae is one of the most studied biological control agents in parasite control programs, especially when aiming the control of arthropods. Yet, studies using this biological agent to control gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants are scarce. The present study evaluated the efficacy of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato (s.l.) formulated in water and mineral oil on the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) in goats, by means of in vitro tests and in semi-natural conditions. The study also evaluated the persistence of the fungus in the soil. The experiments were constituted of four groups: control water; control oil; aqueous formulation of M. anisopliae s.l.; oil formulation of M. anisopliae s.l., each group consisting of 10 pots with Urochloa brizantha cv. MG5 grass. In the in vitro test, the groups treated with the aqueous and mineral oil formulation showed efficacy in controlling gastrointestinal nematodes of goats, providing a reduction of 45.5% and 43%, respectively, and a reduction varying from 36% to 77.9% and 42.6% to 90.2%, respectively, in the experiment under semi-natural conditions. Isolate M. anisopliae s.l. proved to be effective against goat’s gastrointestinal nematodes in the free-living stage, in both in vitro and semi-natural conditions tests, by significantly reducing the number of larvae with the formulations tested and remaining active for a period up to 52 days in the pots’soil. This study suggests the potential use of M. anisopliae s.l. for the biological control of gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants.","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"50 1","pages":"539 - 554"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85996134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-08DOI: 10.1080/09583157.2023.2205616
Z. Ul Hassan, Safa Oufensou, Randa Zeidan, Q. Migheli, S. Jaoua
ABSTRACT Fungal infection and mycotoxins contamination in food and feed products cause significant economic losses to the food and agricultural industry. Although the efficacy of synthetic fungicides is unquestionable, there are serious issues associated with their application in agriculture. Improper and/or prolonged application of these products may cause the emergence of resistant fungal populations, carry-over of chemicals in the human diet and adverse effects on non-target species. By contrast, ease in application and negligible effects on the environment makes microbial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) safe and sustainable substitutes to synthetic fungicides. A considerable research investment has highlighted the efficacy and suitability of VOCs emitted by bacteria, yeast and filamentous fungi for application in food crops and stored products. In this review, focus is made on the potential use of microbial VOCs as inhibitors of toxigenic food mycobiota and their mycotoxins. The mode of action of microbial volatile compounds, possible application in different scenarios, limitations and perspectives are discussed.
{"title":"Microbial volatilome in food safety. Current status and perspectives in the biocontrol of mycotoxigenic fungi and their metabolites","authors":"Z. Ul Hassan, Safa Oufensou, Randa Zeidan, Q. Migheli, S. Jaoua","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2205616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2205616","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Fungal infection and mycotoxins contamination in food and feed products cause significant economic losses to the food and agricultural industry. Although the efficacy of synthetic fungicides is unquestionable, there are serious issues associated with their application in agriculture. Improper and/or prolonged application of these products may cause the emergence of resistant fungal populations, carry-over of chemicals in the human diet and adverse effects on non-target species. By contrast, ease in application and negligible effects on the environment makes microbial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) safe and sustainable substitutes to synthetic fungicides. A considerable research investment has highlighted the efficacy and suitability of VOCs emitted by bacteria, yeast and filamentous fungi for application in food crops and stored products. In this review, focus is made on the potential use of microbial VOCs as inhibitors of toxigenic food mycobiota and their mycotoxins. The mode of action of microbial volatile compounds, possible application in different scenarios, limitations and perspectives are discussed.","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"31 1","pages":"499 - 538"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85058436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-08DOI: 10.1080/09583157.2023.2210271
Amany N. Mansour
ABSTRACT Habrobracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is an larval ectoparasitoid, mainly of pyralid moths. The almond moth, Ephestia cautella Walker and the greater date moth, Arenipses sabella Hampson are two economic pyralid pests of date palm that were found to be attacked by the parasitoid. Although parasitised larvae of A. sabella are often encountered in the field, no data were available regarding their interaction with the parasitoid. The suitability of A. sabella as a host of H. hebetor was assumed, so it was tested and compared to that of E. cautella, which has received much research attention as an important host of the parasitoid. The parasitoid proved to be able to develop and reproduce on A. sabella larvae, and no significant difference was detected with E. cautella larvae. When the larvae of the two hosts were offered simultaneously to female parasitoids for 48 h, the rates of paralysis (0.98) and parasitism (0.93) were higher on E. cautella and consumed less time when checked every 12 h. This is likely because it is almost half the size of A. sabella. The larger size of A. sabella larvae supported the parasitoid to deposit more eggs on it. The nonsignificant difference in the results suggests that the parasitoid does not prefer one of the hosts over the other. The results of this study provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of H. hebetor against A. sabella for use in biological control strategies for controlling this pest after conducting more research in this promising area.
{"title":"Host preference and development of Habrobracon hebetor on larvae of Arenipses sabella and Ephestia cautella","authors":"Amany N. Mansour","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2210271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2210271","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Habrobracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is an larval ectoparasitoid, mainly of pyralid moths. The almond moth, Ephestia cautella Walker and the greater date moth, Arenipses sabella Hampson are two economic pyralid pests of date palm that were found to be attacked by the parasitoid. Although parasitised larvae of A. sabella are often encountered in the field, no data were available regarding their interaction with the parasitoid. The suitability of A. sabella as a host of H. hebetor was assumed, so it was tested and compared to that of E. cautella, which has received much research attention as an important host of the parasitoid. The parasitoid proved to be able to develop and reproduce on A. sabella larvae, and no significant difference was detected with E. cautella larvae. When the larvae of the two hosts were offered simultaneously to female parasitoids for 48 h, the rates of paralysis (0.98) and parasitism (0.93) were higher on E. cautella and consumed less time when checked every 12 h. This is likely because it is almost half the size of A. sabella. The larger size of A. sabella larvae supported the parasitoid to deposit more eggs on it. The nonsignificant difference in the results suggests that the parasitoid does not prefer one of the hosts over the other. The results of this study provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of H. hebetor against A. sabella for use in biological control strategies for controlling this pest after conducting more research in this promising area.","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"38 1","pages":"630 - 639"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89992132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-07DOI: 10.1080/09583157.2023.2208781
Samaneh Jahantigh, N. A. Oghaz, K. Rahnama, S. Hatamzadeh
ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the use of probiotic lactic acid bacteria including Lactobacillus brevis, L. plantarum, L. helveticus and L. delbrueckii from dairy products against Penicillium digitatum (green mold) on sweet orange fruit. Antifungal activity of Lactobacillus spp. was first assayed using bacterial cells through the overlay method against 105 spore/mL suspension of P. digitatum. Also, P. digitatum growth inhibition was measured in the PDA medium containing 15 and 30% cell-free supernatant (CFS) of Lactobacillus spp. Antifungal activity of Lactobacillus spp. was evaluated under storehouse conditions by treating wounded fruits with 108/mL cell suspension (CS) and 30% CFS of Lactobacillus spp., which then infected with 105/mL spore suspension of P. digitatum. The CS and CFS of L. plantarum had the best antifungal activity under both in vitro and in vivo conditions followed by L. helveticus, L. delbrueckii and L. brevis. L. plantarum. The 15 and 30% L. plantarum CFS were able to inhibit the growth of P. digitatum by 30.31%, 76.82% and 97.6% respectively, under in vitro conditions. Also, L. plantarum CS and 30% CFS reduced the growth of the P. digitatum on the fruit by 92.77 and 98.9% respectively, under storehouse conditions. The total content of all sugars of treated fruits with Lactobacillus spp., CS and CFS showed significant difference compared to untreated fruits. Therefore, the present study highlights the successful application of biological fungicides based on secondary compounds of Lactobacillus spp. due to greater stability of metabolites than bacterial cells in the environment. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Application of Lactobacillus spp. for the biological management of green mold (Penicillium digitatum) on sweet orange fruit under in vitro and storehouse conditions","authors":"Samaneh Jahantigh, N. A. Oghaz, K. Rahnama, S. Hatamzadeh","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2208781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2208781","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the use of probiotic lactic acid bacteria including Lactobacillus brevis, L. plantarum, L. helveticus and L. delbrueckii from dairy products against Penicillium digitatum (green mold) on sweet orange fruit. Antifungal activity of Lactobacillus spp. was first assayed using bacterial cells through the overlay method against 105 spore/mL suspension of P. digitatum. Also, P. digitatum growth inhibition was measured in the PDA medium containing 15 and 30% cell-free supernatant (CFS) of Lactobacillus spp. Antifungal activity of Lactobacillus spp. was evaluated under storehouse conditions by treating wounded fruits with 108/mL cell suspension (CS) and 30% CFS of Lactobacillus spp., which then infected with 105/mL spore suspension of P. digitatum. The CS and CFS of L. plantarum had the best antifungal activity under both in vitro and in vivo conditions followed by L. helveticus, L. delbrueckii and L. brevis. L. plantarum. The 15 and 30% L. plantarum CFS were able to inhibit the growth of P. digitatum by 30.31%, 76.82% and 97.6% respectively, under in vitro conditions. Also, L. plantarum CS and 30% CFS reduced the growth of the P. digitatum on the fruit by 92.77 and 98.9% respectively, under storehouse conditions. The total content of all sugars of treated fruits with Lactobacillus spp., CS and CFS showed significant difference compared to untreated fruits. Therefore, the present study highlights the successful application of biological fungicides based on secondary compounds of Lactobacillus spp. due to greater stability of metabolites than bacterial cells in the environment. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"6 1","pages":"567 - 581"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80602299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-07DOI: 10.1080/09583157.2023.2207790
Miriam Anaid Reyes-Serrano, A. Guzmán‐Franco, Ma. Teresa Santillán Galicia, R. Alatorre-Rosas, F. Tamayo-Mejía, J. C. Rodríguez-Maciel
ABSTRACT Duponchelia fovealis Zeller, is currently considered one of the most important emergent pests of a range of crops. This pest is common in Europe, but its presence in the Americas, particularly Brazil and Mexico, has been only recently reported in strawberry crops. Since its recent arrival in Mexico interest in the potential of different entomopathogens for the control of D. fovealis has increased. Here we evaluated commercial products of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis; three different species of entomopathogenic nematodes; and different isolates of four species of entomopathogenic fungi. All pathogens were evaluated against 3rd instar larvae, except nematodes which were evaluated against both larvae and pupae. Analysis revealed significant differences in virulence amongst B. thuringiensis products, where the most virulent was nine times more virulent than the least virulent product. Amongst nematodes, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora was the most virulent and larvae were more susceptible to nematodes than pupae; larval mortalities at the highest dose evaluated (200 infective juveniles [IJs]) were between 80 and 95%, while for pupae they were between 25 and 40%. Mortality of larvae due to entomopathogenic fungi was lower than for the other entomopathogens; the highest mortality observed was 25% caused by an M. anisopliae isolate, although this was not statistically different to other fungal isolates. Overall, our results showed that biological control products based on B. thuringiensis or the nematode H. bacteriophora have the greatest potential; we consider that H. bacteriophora could be more convenient as it infects larvae and pupae.
{"title":"Susceptibility of Duponchelia fovealis Zeller (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) to different entomopathogens in laboratory conditions","authors":"Miriam Anaid Reyes-Serrano, A. Guzmán‐Franco, Ma. Teresa Santillán Galicia, R. Alatorre-Rosas, F. Tamayo-Mejía, J. C. Rodríguez-Maciel","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2207790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2207790","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Duponchelia fovealis Zeller, is currently considered one of the most important emergent pests of a range of crops. This pest is common in Europe, but its presence in the Americas, particularly Brazil and Mexico, has been only recently reported in strawberry crops. Since its recent arrival in Mexico interest in the potential of different entomopathogens for the control of D. fovealis has increased. Here we evaluated commercial products of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis; three different species of entomopathogenic nematodes; and different isolates of four species of entomopathogenic fungi. All pathogens were evaluated against 3rd instar larvae, except nematodes which were evaluated against both larvae and pupae. Analysis revealed significant differences in virulence amongst B. thuringiensis products, where the most virulent was nine times more virulent than the least virulent product. Amongst nematodes, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora was the most virulent and larvae were more susceptible to nematodes than pupae; larval mortalities at the highest dose evaluated (200 infective juveniles [IJs]) were between 80 and 95%, while for pupae they were between 25 and 40%. Mortality of larvae due to entomopathogenic fungi was lower than for the other entomopathogens; the highest mortality observed was 25% caused by an M. anisopliae isolate, although this was not statistically different to other fungal isolates. Overall, our results showed that biological control products based on B. thuringiensis or the nematode H. bacteriophora have the greatest potential; we consider that H. bacteriophora could be more convenient as it infects larvae and pupae.","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"57 1","pages":"555 - 566"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76887312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-07DOI: 10.1080/09583157.2023.2209297
Yutong He, Hai-xia Zhu
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the potential and pathogenic mechanism of the pathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata strain GD-011-B against four major agricultural weeds on the Tibetan plateau, and to lay a foundation for the commercial production and application of this strain. The mycelial masses had herbicidal activity against the isolated leaves of the weeds Chenopodium album, Elsholtzia densa, Malva verticillata, and Amaranthus retroflexus L., with a descending herbicidal activity order of M. verticillata > E. densa > A. retroflexus > C. album. The fermentation broth also showed herbicidal activity by treating the whole plants of these four weeds in the descending order of C. album > E. densa > M. verticillata > A. retroflexus. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that GD-011-B mycelia invaded the inner part of the leaf of A. retroflexus through the stomata and epidermal tissue gap and extended to the back, damaging the leaf epidermis and tissues and sporulating on the leaf surface, ultimately resulting in leaf disease. The fermentation broth of pathogen GD-011-B was not pathogenic to Vicia faba L., Pisum sativum L., Hordeum vulgare L., or Triticum aestivum L., but it was slightly pathogenic to Brassica napus L. Therefore, Alternaria alternata can be used as a herbicidal microorganism with high potential for biological control of four major agricultural weeds on the Tibetan plateau.
摘要本研究旨在探讨青藏高原稻交霉(Alternaria alternata)病原菌GD-011-B对4种主要农业杂草的拮抗潜力及致病机制，为该菌株的商业化生产和应用奠定基础。该菌丝团对藜草、密穗草、黑麦草和红苋菜的离体叶片均有除草活性，除草活性由大到小依次为黑麦草>黑麦草。densa > A;C。专辑。发酵液对四种杂草的全株处理均表现出除草活性，处理效果从大到小依次为C. album > E.。密度> M。A;retroflexus。扫描电镜结果显示，GD-011-B菌丝体通过气孔和表皮组织间隙侵入回曲叶内部，向叶后延伸，破坏叶片表皮和组织，在叶表面产生孢子，最终导致叶片病害。病原菌GD-011-B发酵液对蚕豆、油菜、普通Hordeum vulgare L.和小麦无致病性，但对甘蓝型油菜有轻微致病性，因此，互交霉可以作为一种具有较高生物防治潜力的除草微生物。
{"title":"Study on the control potential of Alternaria alternata against four species of weeds in agricultural fields on the Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Yutong He, Hai-xia Zhu","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2209297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2209297","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the potential and pathogenic mechanism of the pathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata strain GD-011-B against four major agricultural weeds on the Tibetan plateau, and to lay a foundation for the commercial production and application of this strain. The mycelial masses had herbicidal activity against the isolated leaves of the weeds Chenopodium album, Elsholtzia densa, Malva verticillata, and Amaranthus retroflexus L., with a descending herbicidal activity order of M. verticillata > E. densa > A. retroflexus > C. album. The fermentation broth also showed herbicidal activity by treating the whole plants of these four weeds in the descending order of C. album > E. densa > M. verticillata > A. retroflexus. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that GD-011-B mycelia invaded the inner part of the leaf of A. retroflexus through the stomata and epidermal tissue gap and extended to the back, damaging the leaf epidermis and tissues and sporulating on the leaf surface, ultimately resulting in leaf disease. The fermentation broth of pathogen GD-011-B was not pathogenic to Vicia faba L., Pisum sativum L., Hordeum vulgare L., or Triticum aestivum L., but it was slightly pathogenic to Brassica napus L. Therefore, Alternaria alternata can be used as a herbicidal microorganism with high potential for biological control of four major agricultural weeds on the Tibetan plateau.","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"582 - 595"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86655687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.1080/09583157.2023.2204513
C. Eberlein, A. Westphal
ABSTRACT Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., are among the most polyphagous and ubiquitous plant-parasitic nematodes. Among other management strategies, organic soil amendments and biological control agents are proposed. In this study, potential synergistic benefits of co-application of chitin and Streptomyces nigrescens (AMV1033) against M. incognita were determined. Hypothetically, chitinolytic activity of these microbes deteriorates nematode eggshells reducing nematode numbers. Additional chitin could enhance actinobacteria activity for nematode suppression. In in vitro and greenhouse bioassays, suppressive capacities of M. incognita by chitin amendment at 50 mg/g of soil (chitin-low) and at 500 mg/g of soil (chitin-high; only tested in the greenhouse), Streptomyces nigrescens (AMV1033) and the co-application of AMV1033 with the two chitin rates were tested. After four weeks of in vitro egg incubation, the number of extractable second-stage juveniles (J2s) was significantly reduced after co-application of chitin-low plus AMV1033, and less so after sole application of AMV1033. In a similar 2-week in vitro assay with M. incognita egg masses, the numbers of J2s were similarly reduced after the same treatments. In a watermelon greenhouse bioassay with M. incognita, root infection was decreased after co-application of AMV1033 plus chitin-high or chitin-low compared to the non-treated control. After these treatments, plants grew similarly as in the control, whereas sole chitin-high addition led to severe plant damage. Some amelioration of phytotoxicity of chitin-high by the co-application of AMV1033 was found. The results of the study demonstrated the potential to enhance suppression of M. incognita by S. nigrescens by co-application of chitin.
{"title":"Suppression of Meloidogyne incognita by co-application of chitin and Streptomyces nigrescens (AMV1033)","authors":"C. Eberlein, A. Westphal","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2204513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2204513","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., are among the most polyphagous and ubiquitous plant-parasitic nematodes. Among other management strategies, organic soil amendments and biological control agents are proposed. In this study, potential synergistic benefits of co-application of chitin and Streptomyces nigrescens (AMV1033) against M. incognita were determined. Hypothetically, chitinolytic activity of these microbes deteriorates nematode eggshells reducing nematode numbers. Additional chitin could enhance actinobacteria activity for nematode suppression. In in vitro and greenhouse bioassays, suppressive capacities of M. incognita by chitin amendment at 50 mg/g of soil (chitin-low) and at 500 mg/g of soil (chitin-high; only tested in the greenhouse), Streptomyces nigrescens (AMV1033) and the co-application of AMV1033 with the two chitin rates were tested. After four weeks of in vitro egg incubation, the number of extractable second-stage juveniles (J2s) was significantly reduced after co-application of chitin-low plus AMV1033, and less so after sole application of AMV1033. In a similar 2-week in vitro assay with M. incognita egg masses, the numbers of J2s were similarly reduced after the same treatments. In a watermelon greenhouse bioassay with M. incognita, root infection was decreased after co-application of AMV1033 plus chitin-high or chitin-low compared to the non-treated control. After these treatments, plants grew similarly as in the control, whereas sole chitin-high addition led to severe plant damage. Some amelioration of phytotoxicity of chitin-high by the co-application of AMV1033 was found. The results of the study demonstrated the potential to enhance suppression of M. incognita by S. nigrescens by co-application of chitin.","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"239 1","pages":"484 - 498"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75575626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-19DOI: 10.1080/09583157.2023.2174250
Yi-Min Chao, Sheng-Feng Lin, M. Gates, Man‐Miao Yang
ABSTRACT Lychee is an economically important fruit tree in sub-tropical area. The lychee pest, Litchiomyia chinensis Yang and Luo, induces blister-galls on the leaves of lychee crop and causes yield losses. Although chemical control may effectively suppress the pest population, insecticide resistance and environmental impact should be considered. It is preferable to develop more eco-friendly tactics using Integrated Pest Management (IPM) on lychee gall midges. The distribution and occurrence of parasitic wasps on L. chinensis in Taiwan were investigated to understand their biocontrol potential. As a result, 11 parasitoids were found, and five species of them were confirmed as parasitic natural enemy of the pest cecid: Aprostocetus sp., Bracon sp., Derostenus sp., and two known Quadrastichus spp. Host and biology of the remaining six parasitoids (Aphanogmus sp., Cirrospilus sp., two Eupelmus spp., Gonatocerus sp. and Quadrastichus sp.) are uncertain, although they were also found inside gall. Besides, Q. johnlasallei is considered as the best biocontrol agent as it displays the highest parasitism in all five sampling localities and commonly found in the other five randomly collected localities of Taiwan. Noncorrelation between parasitism of Q. johnlasallei and two abiotic factors (temperature and rainfall) suggested its high adaptability in various environment. Fundamental biological and distribution information of five parasitic natural enemies of L. chinensis reported herein will be helpful for further developing its biocontrol programme.
{"title":"Occurrence and biocontrol potential of parasitoids on lychee cecid pest, Litchiomyia chinensis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)","authors":"Yi-Min Chao, Sheng-Feng Lin, M. Gates, Man‐Miao Yang","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2174250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2174250","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Lychee is an economically important fruit tree in sub-tropical area. The lychee pest, Litchiomyia chinensis Yang and Luo, induces blister-galls on the leaves of lychee crop and causes yield losses. Although chemical control may effectively suppress the pest population, insecticide resistance and environmental impact should be considered. It is preferable to develop more eco-friendly tactics using Integrated Pest Management (IPM) on lychee gall midges. The distribution and occurrence of parasitic wasps on L. chinensis in Taiwan were investigated to understand their biocontrol potential. As a result, 11 parasitoids were found, and five species of them were confirmed as parasitic natural enemy of the pest cecid: Aprostocetus sp., Bracon sp., Derostenus sp., and two known Quadrastichus spp. Host and biology of the remaining six parasitoids (Aphanogmus sp., Cirrospilus sp., two Eupelmus spp., Gonatocerus sp. and Quadrastichus sp.) are uncertain, although they were also found inside gall. Besides, Q. johnlasallei is considered as the best biocontrol agent as it displays the highest parasitism in all five sampling localities and commonly found in the other five randomly collected localities of Taiwan. Noncorrelation between parasitism of Q. johnlasallei and two abiotic factors (temperature and rainfall) suggested its high adaptability in various environment. Fundamental biological and distribution information of five parasitic natural enemies of L. chinensis reported herein will be helpful for further developing its biocontrol programme.","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"397 - 411"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86357531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.1080/09583157.2023.2196707
P. Moran, John J. Miskella, C. Morgan, J. Madsen
ABSTRACT The water hyacinth planthopper Megamelus scutellaris has been released for biological control of waterhyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes or Pontederia crassipes) in Florida and is widely established there, with additional releases in Louisiana and California, USA, and in South Africa. Management still often requires the use of herbicides. Knowledge of their direct toxicity to M. scutellaris would aid in integrated management. We tested the contact toxicity of 2,4-D, diquat, glyphosate, imazamox and penoxsulam as well as a paraffinic oil-based and a vegetable oil-based adjuvant, by exposing planthoppers to dipped leaves in the laboratory, and by applying chemicals to infested mesocosms in the field. Exposure to 2,4-D, glyphosate, imazamox and penoxsulam did not cause significant mortality to M. scutellaris compared to exposure to water-dipped leaves in the laboratory, and did not consistently reduce final counts of M. scutellaris compared to counts in water-sprayed mesocosms in field trials. Laboratory exposure to diquat-dipped leaves caused significantly (45%–69%) higher mortality than did exposure to water-dipped leaves, and exposure to leaves dipped in paraffinic-oil based adjuvant also increased mortality (40–50%). In field mesocosms, application of diquat reduced recovery of live M. scutellaris by 64% in one trial, and the same adjuvant reduced recovery by 36%–49% in two trials. The results suggest that biological and chemical control of water hyacinth using M. scutellaris can be safely integrated using most of the herbicides applied for control of this weed in California.
{"title":"Toxicity of herbicides used for control of waterhyacinth in the California Delta towards the planthopper Megamelus scutellaris released for biological control","authors":"P. Moran, John J. Miskella, C. Morgan, J. Madsen","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2196707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2196707","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The water hyacinth planthopper Megamelus scutellaris has been released for biological control of waterhyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes or Pontederia crassipes) in Florida and is widely established there, with additional releases in Louisiana and California, USA, and in South Africa. Management still often requires the use of herbicides. Knowledge of their direct toxicity to M. scutellaris would aid in integrated management. We tested the contact toxicity of 2,4-D, diquat, glyphosate, imazamox and penoxsulam as well as a paraffinic oil-based and a vegetable oil-based adjuvant, by exposing planthoppers to dipped leaves in the laboratory, and by applying chemicals to infested mesocosms in the field. Exposure to 2,4-D, glyphosate, imazamox and penoxsulam did not cause significant mortality to M. scutellaris compared to exposure to water-dipped leaves in the laboratory, and did not consistently reduce final counts of M. scutellaris compared to counts in water-sprayed mesocosms in field trials. Laboratory exposure to diquat-dipped leaves caused significantly (45%–69%) higher mortality than did exposure to water-dipped leaves, and exposure to leaves dipped in paraffinic-oil based adjuvant also increased mortality (40–50%). In field mesocosms, application of diquat reduced recovery of live M. scutellaris by 64% in one trial, and the same adjuvant reduced recovery by 36%–49% in two trials. The results suggest that biological and chemical control of water hyacinth using M. scutellaris can be safely integrated using most of the herbicides applied for control of this weed in California.","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"126 1","pages":"448 - 466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83521140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-17DOI: 10.1080/09583157.2023.2198175
E. Ögür, C. Tunçer
ABSTRACT This study was conducted in 2013–2014 in order to determine the response of the egg parasitoid, Trissolcus semistriatus (Nees) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) to metathoracic scent gland (MSG) extract from Eurygaster maura (L.) (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) in laboratory conditions. For this purpose, the MSG extracts obtained separately from males and females were diluted with hexane and six different concentrations were prepared. Naïve, mated parasitoids (2-3 days old) were used in the experiments. Hexane and distilled water were used as control treatments. In a Y-tube olfactometer, low concentrations of MSG extract from both sexes attracted the T. semistriatus but the preference for MSG extract was reduced with the increase in extract concentration and parasitoids oriented towards clean air. In order to determine the effect of MSG extract of E. maura on parasitisation and emergence rates of T. semistriatus, a single parasitoid was presented with two egg masses on blotting paper treated with MSG extract and two on blotting paper treated with hexane 4 cm apart in a Petri dish. The parasitoid was allowed 24 h for parasitisation. Parasitisation rates were higher than control at low concentrations of MSG extract of both sexes. There was no effect of MSG extracts on the emergence rates of parasitoids from eggs. According to the present results, the performance of the egg parasitoid, T. semistriatus in the control of the sunn pest, E. maura, can be enhanced by MSG extracts of the pest.
{"title":"The response of the egg parasitoid, Trissolcus semistriatus (Nees) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) to metathoracic scent gland extract from Eurygaster maura (L.) (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae)","authors":"E. Ögür, C. Tunçer","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2198175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2198175","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study was conducted in 2013–2014 in order to determine the response of the egg parasitoid, Trissolcus semistriatus (Nees) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) to metathoracic scent gland (MSG) extract from Eurygaster maura (L.) (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) in laboratory conditions. For this purpose, the MSG extracts obtained separately from males and females were diluted with hexane and six different concentrations were prepared. Naïve, mated parasitoids (2-3 days old) were used in the experiments. Hexane and distilled water were used as control treatments. In a Y-tube olfactometer, low concentrations of MSG extract from both sexes attracted the T. semistriatus but the preference for MSG extract was reduced with the increase in extract concentration and parasitoids oriented towards clean air. In order to determine the effect of MSG extract of E. maura on parasitisation and emergence rates of T. semistriatus, a single parasitoid was presented with two egg masses on blotting paper treated with MSG extract and two on blotting paper treated with hexane 4 cm apart in a Petri dish. The parasitoid was allowed 24 h for parasitisation. Parasitisation rates were higher than control at low concentrations of MSG extract of both sexes. There was no effect of MSG extracts on the emergence rates of parasitoids from eggs. According to the present results, the performance of the egg parasitoid, T. semistriatus in the control of the sunn pest, E. maura, can be enhanced by MSG extracts of the pest.","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"59 1","pages":"467 - 483"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91341542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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