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Cell Systems Biology of Translation Factors and Proteasome-Targeted Protein Complexes Associated with AGC Kinase Sch 9 与AGC激酶相关的翻译因子和蛋白酶体靶向蛋白复合物的细胞系统生物学
A. Sobko
Sch-9 appears to be the Saccharomyces cerevisiae homolog of protein kinase B and S6 kinase and is involved in the control of numerous nutrient-sensitive processes, including regulation of cell size, cell cycle progression, and stress resistance. Sch-9 has also been implicated in the regulation of replicative and chronological life span. The availability of data from global studies of protein-protein interactions now makes it possible to predict and validate functional connections between Sch-9, its putative substrates, and other proteins. Sch-9 appears to be involved in control of biosynthetic and catabolic pathways. Thus, the analysis of Sch-9-associated proteins indicates that this kinase may be involved in regulation of protein synthesis. Sch-9 forms a complex with, and, presumably, phosphorylates starvation- and stress-induced protein kinase GCN2, which, in turn, phosphorylates translation initiation factor eIF2-alpha. Sch-9 also interacts with translation factors Arc1, Pab1 and prion-like protein Sup-35. Thus, Sch-9 may be part of the mechanism that relays availability of nutrients to utilization of glucose and to the rates of protein synthesis. One of the interesting outcomes of the proteome-wide analysis of protein-protein interactions in yeast is the finding that Sch-9 associates with Shp1, Cdc48, and Ufd1, which form a complex responsible for the recognition and targeting of ubiquitinated proteins to the proteasome for degradation. It is unknown and remains to be elucidated, whether mammalian paralogues of Sch-9 are also associated with the proteins involved in translation/protein synthesis and proteasomal degradation.
Sch-9似乎是酿酒酵母蛋白激酶B和S6激酶的同源物,参与控制许多营养敏感过程,包括调节细胞大小、细胞周期进程和抗逆性。Sch-9也参与了复制寿命和时间寿命的调节。目前,全球蛋白质相互作用研究数据的可用性使得预测和验证Sch-9、其假定底物和其他蛋白质之间的功能连接成为可能。Sch-9似乎参与控制生物合成和分解代谢途径。因此,对sch -9相关蛋白的分析表明,该激酶可能参与蛋白质合成的调节。Sch-9与饥饿和应激诱导的蛋白激酶GCN2形成复合物,并可能使其磷酸化,而GCN2又磷酸化翻译起始因子eif2 - α。Sch-9还与翻译因子Arc1、Pab1和朊病毒样蛋白sup35相互作用。因此,Sch-9可能是将营养物质的可用性传递给葡萄糖利用和蛋白质合成速率的机制的一部分。酵母蛋白-蛋白相互作用的蛋白质组范围分析的一个有趣结果是发现Sch-9与Shp1, Cdc48和Ufd1相关,它们形成一个复合物,负责识别和靶向蛋白酶体降解泛素化蛋白。哺乳动物Sch-9的类似物是否也与参与翻译/蛋白质合成和蛋白酶体降解的蛋白质有关,这是未知的,也有待阐明。
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引用次数: 1
Molecular Linking of HIPEC (Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy) and Tregs (Regulatory T- cells) in Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer - A Review HIPEC(高温腹腔化疗)和Tregs(调节性T细胞)在晚期上皮性卵巢癌中的分子联系综述
Ray, Deo Svs, K. Luthra, S. Mathur, An, Ashok Sharma
The mainstay in the management of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer is platinum-based chemotherapy and complete cytoreductive surgery. Despite this, about two-thirds of patients have disease recurrence mostly within the peritoneal cavity. HIPEC (Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy) is a modality that delivers cell-cycle non-specific chemotherapeutic agents along with heat 41°C to 43°C into the peritoneal cavity. HIPEC is done intra-operatively after achieving complete cytoreduction (which means after removal of all the tumor deposits more than 2.5 mm). Ovarian cancer is associated with the frequent finding of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in their tissue microenvironment. Especially studies have shown that ovarian cancer evades immune surveillance by higher expression of FOXP3 T cells. HIPEC has been used in the treatment of primary and recurrent tumors. In this review, we discuss how the significance of HIPEC on genetics and immunology of these patients with cancer have provided unique insights into the molecular and cellular basis of Treg cells. Studies of HIPEC and its association with Tregs cells should make it possible to increase the paucity of immuno- therapeutic modalities of most human cancer at an unprecedented level of molecular and cellular precision. The predictive, preventive, and therapeutic implications of these studies of HIPEC in relation to immunity in EOC may extend to patients with other peritoneal carcinomatosis.
晚期上皮性卵巢癌的主要治疗方法是铂基化疗和完全的细胞减少手术。尽管如此,大约三分之二的患者在腹膜腔内复发。HIPEC(高温腹腔化疗)是一种将细胞周期的非特异性化疗药物在41°C至43°C的高温下送入腹腔的方式。HIPEC是在实现完全细胞减少(即切除所有大于2.5 mm的肿瘤沉积物)后术中进行的。卵巢癌与组织微环境中肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞的频繁发现有关。特别是有研究表明卵巢癌通过FOXP3 T细胞的高表达来逃避免疫监视。HIPEC已被用于治疗原发性和复发性肿瘤。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了HIPEC对这些癌症患者的遗传学和免疫学的意义,为Treg细胞的分子和细胞基础提供了独特的见解。对HIPEC及其与Tregs细胞的关联的研究,将使大多数人类癌症的免疫治疗方式的缺乏在分子和细胞精度上达到前所未有的水平成为可能。这些HIPEC与EOC免疫相关研究的预测、预防和治疗意义可能扩展到其他腹膜癌患者。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial Note for Gene Therapeutics 《基因治疗》编辑说明
B. Rita
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引用次数: 0
Editorial Note for Medicinal Biotechnology 《医药生物技术》编辑说明
B. Rita
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引用次数: 0
Editorial Note on Molecular Genetics and Genomic Medicine 《分子遗传学与基因组医学》社论注释
B. Rita
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引用次数: 0
Biosynthetic Gene Clusters in Organism: The Sole Source of New Drug Discovery 生物合成基因簇:新药发现的唯一来源
P. Chakraborty, A. Chakraborty
Various microorganisms e.g., bacteria, fungi and higher organism e.g., plant during their metabolism produces both primary and secondary metabolites, needed for their survival and defense. Often these secondary metabolites are being used in drug discovery. The genes for the enzymes of these secondary metabolic pathways are generally grouped together as biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) and hidden away in organism’s genome. Genome mining of the unexplored microbes, medicinal plants, and underexplored human microbiota with emerging genomics research involving next-generation sequencing technology along with bioinformatics tools like anti-SMASH (antibiotics and Secondary Metabolite Analysis Shell), planti-SMASH, may help in finding many BGCs and subsequently in the discovery of many new drugs in future.
各种微生物,如细菌、真菌和高等生物,如植物,在它们的代谢过程中产生初级和次级代谢物,这些代谢物是它们生存和防御所需要的。这些次生代谢物通常被用于药物发现。这些次生代谢途径的酶的基因通常被归类为生物合成基因簇(BGCs),并隐藏在生物体的基因组中。利用新一代测序技术和生物信息学工具(如anti-SMASH(抗生素和次级代谢物分析外壳)、planti-SMASH)等新兴基因组学研究,对未开发的微生物、药用植物和未开发的人类微生物群进行基因组挖掘,可能有助于发现许多bgc,并随后发现许多新药。
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引用次数: 1
Editorial Note for Integrative Medicine 《中西医结合》编辑说明
R. Badigeru
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引用次数: 0
Editorial Note on COVID-19: Coronavirus Vaccines 关于COVID-19:冠状病毒疫苗的社论说明
Jiang Sw
{"title":"Editorial Note on COVID-19: Coronavirus Vaccines","authors":"Jiang Sw","doi":"10.37421/1747-0862.2021.15.494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/1747-0862.2021.15.494","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular and genetic medicine : an international journal of biomedical research","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70061917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Percutaneous Electrolysis in Patients with Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Systematic Review 经皮电解法治疗肌肉骨骼疾病:系统综述
S. Varela-Rodríguez, Caceres-Pajuelo Je, S. Jl
Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are a leading cause of disability and loss of quality of life with a great economic impact. Percutaneous electrolysis is a minimally invasive technique with emerging evidence related to these pathologies. Objective: To examine the effectiveness of percutaneous electrolysis for musculoskeletal pain. Methods: A randomized clinical trials concerning percutaneous electrolysis were searched in the following electronic databases: PubMed, PEDro, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and ScienceDirect. Methodological quality was evaluated according to PEDro score. Risk of bias assessment was conducted using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool. These procedures were carried out by two independent researchers, with the participation of a third reviewer in case of disagreement. Results: Electronic databases searches identified a total of 175 results. After the study selection procedure, 7 studies published from 2015 to 2018 were finally included in the present review. These articles involved a total of 407 patients with different musculoskeletal disorders. Clinical outcomes were evaluated for pain and disability, usually reporting greater improvements in the group with percutaneous electrolysis. The mean score of PEDro scale was 7 points and overall risk of bias was generally reported as high. Conclusion: Percutaneous electrolysis appears to be an effective therapy for the improvement of pain and disability in patients with musculoskeletal disorders. However, the heterogeneity and the high risk of bias of the included studies should be taken into account. Further research is warranted to standardise percutaneous electrolysis application and generate protocols that would improve clinical outcomes.
背景:肌肉骨骼疾病是导致残疾和生活质量下降的主要原因,具有巨大的经济影响。经皮电解是一种微创技术,与这些病理相关的证据越来越多。目的:探讨经皮电解法治疗骨骼肌疼痛的疗效。方法:在PubMed、PEDro、CINAHL、MEDLINE、Scopus、Web of Science、Cochrane Library和ScienceDirect等电子数据库中检索与经皮电解相关的随机临床试验。根据PEDro评分评价方法学质量。偏倚风险评估采用Cochrane RoB 2工具进行。这些程序由两名独立的研究人员进行,如果有不同意见,第三位审稿人也会参与。结果:电子数据库检索共鉴定出175个结果。经过研究选择程序,2015年至2018年发表的7项研究最终纳入本综述。这些文章共涉及407名患有不同肌肉骨骼疾病的患者。临床结果评估疼痛和残疾,通常报告经皮电解组有较大改善。PEDro量表的平均得分为7分,总体偏倚风险普遍较高。结论:经皮电解法是改善肌肉骨骼疾病患者疼痛和残疾的有效方法。然而,应考虑纳入研究的异质性和高偏倚风险。进一步的研究是必要的,以规范经皮电解应用和制定方案,将改善临床结果。
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引用次数: 4
Polymorphism of Glutathione Sand#8209;Transferase M1 and T1 Genes and Susceptibility to Childhood Asthma: A Study from North India 谷胱甘肽沙#8209;转移酶M1和T1基因多态性与儿童哮喘易感性:一项来自印度北部的研究
Srivastava Dsl, K. Mittal, P. Jindal, A. Kumar
Objectives: Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) enzymes play an important role in the xenobiotic biotransformation of endogenous or exogenous toxicants and thought to protect the airways from oxidative stress, inflammation, and genotoxicity. Polymorphisms in the GST genes may lead to an increased imbalance in antioxidant systems and may influence the pathogenesis of asthma. We examined the association of the GST gene polymorphism to ascertain whether high-risk genotypes of GSTM1/GSTT1 could influence the susceptibility to childhood asthma in the N orth Indian population. Methods: The study constituted of 100 childhood asthmatic cases and 180 age-matched controls. The GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes were identified by multiplex PCR in peripheral blood DNA samples. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS 20.0 soft ware. Results: No association was seen either the null genotype of the GSTM1 or GSTTT1 (P > 0.05); however, in atopy patients significant association were observed with null genotype of GSTT1 (OR=2.67; P<0.05) for risk of child hood asthma. In combined analysis of GSTM1/GSTT1, presence of null genotypes of GSTM1 G P<0.05) compared to positive genotypes of GSTM1 and GSTT1. When compared among gender, GSTT1 null genotype was found to be statistically significant in male (OR=2.71; P<0.005) as compared to female childhood asthmatic patients. Conclusion: In conclusion, null genotype of GSTT1 exhibits significant association for the risk of childhood asthma, especially in disease predisposition and initiation.
目的:谷胱甘肽s -转移酶(GSTs)酶在内源性或外源性毒物的异种生物转化中发挥重要作用,并被认为可以保护气道免受氧化应激、炎症和遗传毒性的影响。GST基因的多态性可能导致抗氧化系统失衡增加,并可能影响哮喘的发病机制。我们研究了GST基因多态性的相关性,以确定GSTM1/GSTT1的高危基因型是否会影响北印度人群对儿童哮喘的易感性。方法:选取100例儿童哮喘病例和180例年龄相匹配的对照组。采用多重PCR方法鉴定外周血DNA中GSTT1和GSTM1零基因型。采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析。结果:GSTM1和GSTTT1的零基因型无相关性(P < 0.05);然而,在特应性患者中,GSTT1的零基因型与GSTT1显著相关(OR=2.67;P<0.05)。在GSTM1/GSTT1联合分析中,与GSTM1和GSTT1阳性基因型相比,GSTM1基因型为零(P<0.05)。性别间比较,GSTT1零基因型在男性中差异有统计学意义(OR=2.71;P<0.005)。结论:总之,GSTT1零基因型与儿童哮喘风险有显著相关性,特别是在疾病易感和发病方面。
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Journal of molecular and genetic medicine : an international journal of biomedical research
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