Pub Date : 2010-12-14DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01002010166
Ho-Yyoung Lee, J. Jeong
Angiogenesis is an important biological process that is also related to various diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Currently, the need for angiogenesis imaging is increasing due to the use of anti-angiogenic therapy to treat tumors, and of angiogenesis-inducing therapy to treat vascular diseases. Several techniques can be used to visualize angiogenesis related parameters at the structural, functional, and molecular level, although clinically, most techniques involve structural or functional imaging. However, structural and functional parameters do not completely represent angiogenic activity, because they evaluate angiogenesis indirectly by measuring structural and functional changes. Molecular imaging techniques can be used to evaluate bio-markers directly related to angiogenesis, but have only recently been applied in clinical practice. It is now evident that assessment of angiogenesis at several different levels provides valuable information which could be used to individualize therapy and improve diagnosis.
{"title":"Multimodality Imaging of Angiogenesis","authors":"Ho-Yyoung Lee, J. Jeong","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01002010166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01002010166","url":null,"abstract":"Angiogenesis is an important biological process that is also related to various diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Currently, the need for angiogenesis imaging is increasing due to the use of anti-angiogenic therapy to treat tumors, and of angiogenesis-inducing therapy to treat vascular diseases. Several techniques can be used to visualize angiogenesis related parameters at the structural, functional, and molecular level, although clinically, most techniques involve structural or functional imaging. However, structural and functional parameters do not completely represent angiogenic activity, because they evaluate angiogenesis indirectly by measuring structural and functional changes. Molecular imaging techniques can be used to evaluate bio-markers directly related to angiogenesis, but have only recently been applied in clinical practice. It is now evident that assessment of angiogenesis at several different levels provides valuable information which could be used to individualize therapy and improve diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"166-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68127997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-14DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01002010171
Chun-lei Zhao, M. Tian, Hong Zhang
In recent years, the emerging and advances of non-invasive in vivo stem cell imaging has significantly contributed to the real-time tracking of transplanted stem cells as well as monitoring their proliferation, migration and persistence in live animals and ultimately possibly in humans. This review summarized the different in vivo imaging modalities for imaging stem cell, especially for its monitoring viability, death and proliferation; and discussed the strategies of combined multimodality approaches for monitoring of the fate of transplanted stem cell by offering the opportunity to distinguish different biological and biochemical processes.
{"title":"In Vivo Stem Cell Imaging","authors":"Chun-lei Zhao, M. Tian, Hong Zhang","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01002010171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01002010171","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the emerging and advances of non-invasive in vivo stem cell imaging has significantly contributed to the real-time tracking of transplanted stem cells as well as monitoring their proliferation, migration and persistence in live animals and ultimately possibly in humans. This review summarized the different in vivo imaging modalities for imaging stem cell, especially for its monitoring viability, death and proliferation; and discussed the strategies of combined multimodality approaches for monitoring of the fate of transplanted stem cell by offering the opportunity to distinguish different biological and biochemical processes.","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"171-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68128007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-10-21DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01002010138
A. Amin, H. Darweesh, Heba Attia
Introduction: Behcet's disease (BD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disease. 40-70% of BD patients display rheumatic features with a 9% incidence as an initial presentation. However, there are no pathognomonic laboratory tests in BD and the diagnosis depends on the occurrence and grouping of sufficient clinical manifestations to allow the physician to either suspect, or definitely diagnose the condition. Our aim was to assess the utility of Tc-99m methylene diphosphonate (Tc-99m MDP) bone scintigraphy for the detection of articular involvement in BD patients and its impact on disease activity & severity scoring. Methods: 25 BD patients diagnosed according to the international study group criteria for BD diagnosis (ISG) (18 �, 7 �, mean age 32.44±7.78, disease duration 6.98±4.61year) were included and subjected to selected joint x-ray and bone scintigraphy. Results: 25/25 was scintigraphically positive for arthritis (100%, 64%, 44%, 40%, 36%& 20% in wrist, Metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal (PIPs), distal interphalangeal (DIPs), Knees & ankles respectively). 13/25 were clinically negative while scintigraphically positive for arthritis. 11/25 (44%) and 8/25 (32%) turned from inactive to active BD and from mild to moderate disease severity, based on their positive hand scintigraphy with treatment modification. 4/25 (16%) had recurrent oral ulcers with normal laboratory data and only positive hand scintigraphy; with follow-up they met ISG criteria. Conclusion: skeletal scintigraphy is a simple diagnostic modality with a low radiation burden, when compared to conventional radiology. Hence, when used appropriately in the diagnostic algorithm of BD, bone scintigraphy can be used for detection of early joint involvement, assessment of the extent and activity status with guidance for the selected therapy.
{"title":"The Utility of Tc-99m MDP Bone Scintigraphy for the Detection of Articular Involvement in Behçet's Disease","authors":"A. Amin, H. Darweesh, Heba Attia","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01002010138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01002010138","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Behcet's disease (BD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disease. 40-70% of BD patients display rheumatic features with a 9% incidence as an initial presentation. However, there are no pathognomonic laboratory tests in BD and the diagnosis depends on the occurrence and grouping of sufficient clinical manifestations to allow the physician to either suspect, or definitely diagnose the condition. Our aim was to assess the utility of Tc-99m methylene diphosphonate (Tc-99m MDP) bone scintigraphy for the detection of articular involvement in BD patients and its impact on disease activity & severity scoring. Methods: 25 BD patients diagnosed according to the international study group criteria for BD diagnosis (ISG) (18 �, 7 �, mean age 32.44±7.78, disease duration 6.98±4.61year) were included and subjected to selected joint x-ray and bone scintigraphy. Results: 25/25 was scintigraphically positive for arthritis (100%, 64%, 44%, 40%, 36%& 20% in wrist, Metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal (PIPs), distal interphalangeal (DIPs), Knees & ankles respectively). 13/25 were clinically negative while scintigraphically positive for arthritis. 11/25 (44%) and 8/25 (32%) turned from inactive to active BD and from mild to moderate disease severity, based on their positive hand scintigraphy with treatment modification. 4/25 (16%) had recurrent oral ulcers with normal laboratory data and only positive hand scintigraphy; with follow-up they met ISG criteria. Conclusion: skeletal scintigraphy is a simple diagnostic modality with a low radiation burden, when compared to conventional radiology. Hence, when used appropriately in the diagnostic algorithm of BD, bone scintigraphy can be used for detection of early joint involvement, assessment of the extent and activity status with guidance for the selected therapy.","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"138-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68126440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-10-12DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01002010071
C. Guérin
{"title":"Editorial-Lung Imaging in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome","authors":"C. Guérin","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01002010071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01002010071","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"71-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68126817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-10-12DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01002010099
J. Richard, C. Pouzot, C. Guérin
PET imaging is an attractive technique to study patients with acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) because of its non-invasiveness, its potential to obtain quantitative measurements on a regional basis, and its ability to give functional (not simply morphologic) information about the lungs. The purpose of this manuscript is to focus on the application of PET imaging in ALI/ARDS, to review PET measurements of potential interest in this context and to address their limitations, and finally to summarize the contribution of previous studies in ALI/ARDS patients in the understanding of the physiopathology of this syndrome.
{"title":"Lung Imaging in Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory DistressSyndrome with PET","authors":"J. Richard, C. Pouzot, C. Guérin","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01002010099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01002010099","url":null,"abstract":"PET imaging is an attractive technique to study patients with acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) because of its non-invasiveness, its potential to obtain quantitative measurements on a regional basis, and its ability to give functional (not simply morphologic) information about the lungs. The purpose of this manuscript is to focus on the application of PET imaging in ALI/ARDS, to review PET measurements of potential interest in this context and to address their limitations, and finally to summarize the contribution of previous studies in ALI/ARDS patients in the understanding of the physiopathology of this syndrome.","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"67 1","pages":"99-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68126883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-10-12DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01002010110
I. Frerichs, S. Pulletz, G. Elke, G. Zick, N. Weiler
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is an emerging new imaging modality not yet routinely used in a clinical setting. The generation of EIT scans is based on the non-invasive measurement of electrical properties of tissues which does not require the use of radiation. Thoracic EIT examinations have been shown to track changes in regional lung volumes at scan rates of up to 40-50 scans/s. Experimental and clinical studies indicate the potential of EIT in monitoring regional lung ventilation and aeration at the bedside. Mechanically ventilated patients with acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) might benefit from possible continuous monitoring of their regional lung function by EIT which could be used to optimise the ventilator settings and minimise the ventilator-induced lung injury. This review explains the measuring principle of EIT and the analysis of regional EIT signals which allow the assessment of regional lung ventilation, aeration and potentially also lung perfusion. Protective lung ventilation using low tidal volumes and adequate positive end-expiratory pressures, recruitment manoeuvres, surfactant administration, prone posture, restricted fluid administration, assisted ventilation allowing spontaneous breathing, partial liquid ventilation, administration of pulmonary vasoactive, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents are used or considered in the management of ARDS patients. EIT is capable of monitoring the pulmonary effects of many of these therapeutic procedures. This is documented by examples from experimental and clinical EIT studies and by references to relevant EIT literature. The perspectives and limitations of EIT monitoring are also addressed.
{"title":"Electrical Impedance Tomography in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome","authors":"I. Frerichs, S. Pulletz, G. Elke, G. Zick, N. Weiler","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01002010110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01002010110","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is an emerging new imaging modality not yet routinely used in a clinical setting. The generation of EIT scans is based on the non-invasive measurement of electrical properties of tissues which does not require the use of radiation. Thoracic EIT examinations have been shown to track changes in regional lung volumes at scan rates of up to 40-50 scans/s. Experimental and clinical studies indicate the potential of EIT in monitoring regional lung ventilation and aeration at the bedside. Mechanically ventilated patients with acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) might benefit from possible continuous monitoring of their regional lung function by EIT which could be used to optimise the ventilator settings and minimise the ventilator-induced lung injury. This review explains the measuring principle of EIT and the analysis of regional EIT signals which allow the assessment of regional lung ventilation, aeration and potentially also lung perfusion. Protective lung ventilation using low tidal volumes and adequate positive end-expiratory pressures, recruitment manoeuvres, surfactant administration, prone posture, restricted fluid administration, assisted ventilation allowing spontaneous breathing, partial liquid ventilation, administration of pulmonary vasoactive, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents are used or considered in the management of ARDS patients. EIT is capable of monitoring the pulmonary effects of many of these therapeutic procedures. This is documented by examples from experimental and clinical EIT studies and by references to relevant EIT literature. The perspectives and limitations of EIT monitoring are also addressed.","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"110-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68126367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-10-12DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01002010125
Y. Berthezène
Imaging of the pulmonary parenchyma represents a unique challenge for MRI. Limited signal is caused by low proton density, susceptibility artefacts, and physiological motion (cardiac pulsation, respiration). Improvements in MRI techniques have extended the potential for investigations of pulmonary parenchymal disease with the evaluation of lung perfusion. More recently inhalation of non proton-MRI nuclei such as hyperpolarized gases (3He or 129Xe) can provide functional ventilation images.
{"title":"Functional MRI of the Lung","authors":"Y. Berthezène","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01002010125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01002010125","url":null,"abstract":"Imaging of the pulmonary parenchyma represents a unique challenge for MRI. Limited signal is caused by low proton density, susceptibility artefacts, and physiological motion (cardiac pulsation, respiration). Improvements in MRI techniques have extended the potential for investigations of pulmonary parenchymal disease with the evaluation of lung perfusion. More recently inhalation of non proton-MRI nuclei such as hyperpolarized gases (3He or 129Xe) can provide functional ventilation images.","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"125-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68126764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-10-12DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01002010079
N. Prost, J. Ricard, G. Saumon, D. Dreyfuss
Experimental ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is characterized by alterations in alveolar epithelial and microvascular permeability that favors the systemic dissemination of lung borne cytokines or bacteria. Animal models of VILI have been shown relevant to patient care and outcome and help explaining why most patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome do not die from respiratory failure but from multiple organ dysfunction. Recent experimental studies also showed that adverse ventilator patterns may propel airway secretions and bacteria to previously healthy lung regions. Noninvasive imaging techniques were used for years to study the net rate of protein flow across the pulmonary microvascular endothelium and the alveolar epithelium in vivo, during normal breathing and lung inflation. More recently, the two-way protein fluxes across the alveolo-capillary barrier and the intra-pulmonary dispersion of alveolar edema have been monitored during mechanical ventilation. These experiments have provided new insights on the mechanisms of experimental VILI that may be of clinical value. This review will describe the evolution of these techniques and their main physiological and pharmacological applications in the era of VILI.
{"title":"Real Time Lung Imaging for the Detection of Lung Injury and Alveolar Fluid Movement During Mechanical Ventilation","authors":"N. Prost, J. Ricard, G. Saumon, D. Dreyfuss","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01002010079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01002010079","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is characterized by alterations in alveolar epithelial and microvascular permeability that favors the systemic dissemination of lung borne cytokines or bacteria. Animal models of VILI have been shown relevant to patient care and outcome and help explaining why most patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome do not die from respiratory failure but from multiple organ dysfunction. Recent experimental studies also showed that adverse ventilator patterns may propel airway secretions and bacteria to previously healthy lung regions. Noninvasive imaging techniques were used for years to study the net rate of protein flow across the pulmonary microvascular endothelium and the alveolar epithelium in vivo, during normal breathing and lung inflation. More recently, the two-way protein fluxes across the alveolo-capillary barrier and the intra-pulmonary dispersion of alveolar edema have been monitored during mechanical ventilation. These experiments have provided new insights on the mechanisms of experimental VILI that may be of clinical value. This review will describe the evolution of these techniques and their main physiological and pharmacological applications in the era of VILI.","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"79-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68126837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-10-12DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01002010072
C. Guérin, J. Richard
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute hypoxemic respiratory failure with lung oedema of non cardiac origin. Its primary treatment is mechanical ventilation. ARDS is under the spotlights with influenza A pandemic flu. An operating definition has been set out by an experts-consensus conference in order to include patients in clinical trials. However, this definition lacks diagnostic accuracy when compared with lung pathology. The conventional mechanical ventilation has two main objectives: firstly, preservation of arterial blood oxygenation, and secondly, protection of the lung from excessive volume or pressure at the end of inspiration. It has been demonstrated that high tidal volume can increase mortality as compared to low tidal volume. The setting of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is still not solved. Three large randomized controlled trials failed to demonstrate any benefit between a high and a low level of PEEP. A fascinating strategy of mechanical ventilation is lung recruitment, which is defined as an increase in aerated lung mass by reducing non-aerated or poorly aerated lung mass. Recruiting the lung is useful because it can improve oxygenation and limit ventilator-induced lung injury. Lung recruitment depends not only on the ventilatory settings but also on lung and patient. Several adjunct treatments can be used, as prone position or various pharmacological interventions (inhaled nitric oxide). There are several non conventional methods to deliver mechanical ventilation, such as non invasive mechanical ventilation, liquid ventilation, none of them being recommended to date. Finally, the use of extracorporeal lung support is gaining further interest.
{"title":"What is and how to Manage the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome","authors":"C. Guérin, J. Richard","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01002010072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01002010072","url":null,"abstract":"Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute hypoxemic respiratory failure with lung oedema of non cardiac origin. Its primary treatment is mechanical ventilation. ARDS is under the spotlights with influenza A pandemic flu. An operating definition has been set out by an experts-consensus conference in order to include patients in clinical trials. However, this definition lacks diagnostic accuracy when compared with lung pathology. The conventional mechanical ventilation has two main objectives: firstly, preservation of arterial blood oxygenation, and secondly, protection of the lung from excessive volume or pressure at the end of inspiration. It has been demonstrated that high tidal volume can increase mortality as compared to low tidal volume. The setting of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is still not solved. Three large randomized controlled trials failed to demonstrate any benefit between a high and a low level of PEEP. A fascinating strategy of mechanical ventilation is lung recruitment, which is defined as an increase in aerated lung mass by reducing non-aerated or poorly aerated lung mass. Recruiting the lung is useful because it can improve oxygenation and limit ventilator-induced lung injury. Lung recruitment depends not only on the ventilatory settings but also on lung and patient. Several adjunct treatments can be used, as prone position or various pharmacological interventions (inhaled nitric oxide). There are several non conventional methods to deliver mechanical ventilation, such as non invasive mechanical ventilation, liquid ventilation, none of them being recommended to date. Finally, the use of extracorporeal lung support is gaining further interest.","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"72-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68126827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-10-12DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01002010133
J. Richard, C. Pouzot, C. Guérin
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a clinical challenge for intensivists, despite extensive experimental and clinical research over the past thirty years. Meanwhile, lung imaging techniques have emerged as invaluable non-invasive tools and have considerably modified and improved management of many lung pathologies. The purpose of this review is to list major unanswered questions in ARDS and to speculate on how lung imaging may provide answers in the near future.
{"title":"Where the Future Goes: What do we Need to Know in the ARDS and how Lung Imaging Can Deal with this?","authors":"J. Richard, C. Pouzot, C. Guérin","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01002010133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01002010133","url":null,"abstract":"Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a clinical challenge for intensivists, despite extensive experimental and clinical research over the past thirty years. Meanwhile, lung imaging techniques have emerged as invaluable non-invasive tools and have considerably modified and improved management of many lung pathologies. The purpose of this review is to list major unanswered questions in ARDS and to speculate on how lung imaging may provide answers in the near future.","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"133-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68126774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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