Pub Date : 2011-09-14DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01103010012
L. Hall, A. Struck, Christopher Guglielmo, C. Jaskowiak, Michael A. Wilson, S. Perlman
Purpose of Report: Evaluate the effect of IV contrast use with FDG PET/CT on clinical interpretation of PET images for head and neck cancer. Procedures: 20 consecutive patients referred for PET/CT and contrast enhanced CT of the head and neck had two sets of PET images obtained. One set used standard low dose CT for attenuation correction, and the other used IV contrast enhanced diagnostic quality CT for attenuation correction. Two blinded nuclear medicine physicians interpreted the results. Results: No statistically significant difference in clinical interpretation of the PET images was found. It was noted that PET scans attenuation corrected with IV contrast CTs had greater incidence of abnormal appearing lesions (P<0.01). Conclusion: It is reasonable to use contrast enhanced CT for attenuation correction in PET/CT of head and neck cancer. This would allow for a reduction in radiation dose delivered to patient.
{"title":"Does the Use of IV Contrast Enhanced CT for Attenuation Correction Affect Clinical Interpretation of Head and Neck PET/CT?","authors":"L. Hall, A. Struck, Christopher Guglielmo, C. Jaskowiak, Michael A. Wilson, S. Perlman","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01103010012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01103010012","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of Report: Evaluate the effect of IV contrast use with FDG PET/CT on clinical interpretation of PET images for head and neck cancer. Procedures: 20 consecutive patients referred for PET/CT and contrast enhanced CT of the head and neck had two sets of PET images obtained. One set used standard low dose CT for attenuation correction, and the other used IV contrast enhanced diagnostic quality CT for attenuation correction. Two blinded nuclear medicine physicians interpreted the results. Results: No statistically significant difference in clinical interpretation of the PET images was found. It was noted that PET scans attenuation corrected with IV contrast CTs had greater incidence of abnormal appearing lesions (P<0.01). Conclusion: It is reasonable to use contrast enhanced CT for attenuation correction in PET/CT of head and neck cancer. This would allow for a reduction in radiation dose delivered to patient.","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"3 1","pages":"12-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68127782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-06DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01103010010
A. Roivainen, K. Någren, J. Virta, J. Rinne
[N-Methyl11 C](R)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-N-(1-methylpropyl)-3-isoquinoline carboxamide [ 11 C]PK11195 is a widely used radiopharmaceutical for in vivo assessment of translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) activity using positron emission tomography. Here we present an interesting case of unusual distribution of [ 11 C]PK11195, that is a lack of uptake in tissues known for high expression of the TSPO.
[N-Methyl11 C](R)-1-(2-氯苯基)- n -(1-甲基丙基)-3-异喹啉羧酰胺[11 C]PK11195是一种广泛使用的放射性药物，用于使用正电子发射断层扫描在体内评估转运蛋白18 kDa (TSPO)活性。在这里，我们提出了一个有趣的[11 C]PK11195不寻常分布的案例，即在已知的高表达TSPO的组织中缺乏摄取。
{"title":"Human subject with unexpected biodistribution of [11C]PK11195","authors":"A. Roivainen, K. Någren, J. Virta, J. Rinne","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01103010010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01103010010","url":null,"abstract":"[N-Methyl11 C](R)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-N-(1-methylpropyl)-3-isoquinoline carboxamide [ 11 C]PK11195 is a widely used radiopharmaceutical for in vivo assessment of translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) activity using positron emission tomography. Here we present an interesting case of unusual distribution of [ 11 C]PK11195, that is a lack of uptake in tissues known for high expression of the TSPO.","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"3 1","pages":"10-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68127771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-07DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01103010007
P. Medina-Quiroz, I. Martínez-Rodríguez, I. Banzo, R. Quirce, J. Jiménez-Bonilla, M. D. Arcocha, J. Carril
Giant Cell Arteritis is frequently associated to polymyalgia rheumatica. A 65-years old female patient with a 1- year history of polymyalgia rheumatica was admitted with clinical symptoms and laboratory data of a subacute inflammatory process. Cranial and whole-body CT scans were normal. A (18F)-FDG PET/CT scan showed an extensive increased uptake in the walls of the thoracic and abdominal aorta and also in the common carotid, subclavian and axillary arteries. Biopsy of temporal artery confirmed the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis.
{"title":"[18F]-FDG PET/CT Scan Detected Giant Cell Arteritis After Negative Temporal Artery Biopsy","authors":"P. Medina-Quiroz, I. Martínez-Rodríguez, I. Banzo, R. Quirce, J. Jiménez-Bonilla, M. D. Arcocha, J. Carril","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01103010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01103010007","url":null,"abstract":"Giant Cell Arteritis is frequently associated to polymyalgia rheumatica. A 65-years old female patient with a 1- year history of polymyalgia rheumatica was admitted with clinical symptoms and laboratory data of a subacute inflammatory process. Cranial and whole-body CT scans were normal. A (18F)-FDG PET/CT scan showed an extensive increased uptake in the walls of the thoracic and abdominal aorta and also in the common carotid, subclavian and axillary arteries. Biopsy of temporal artery confirmed the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis.","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"3 1","pages":"7-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68127710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-24DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01103010001
M. Vorster, M. Sathekge
Background: Survival with anaplastic thyroid cancer is dependent on how rapid multimodality treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery) and thus accurate assessment of the extent of the disease critical to predict prognosis and therapy planning. Methods & Results: We present a case of anaplastic cancer in a 54-year-old woman who presented with a supra-sternal lump which has decreased in size in response to chemo- and radiotherapy. CT and FDG-PET/CT scan were performed after therapy. CT demonstrated supra-sternal and lung metastases. FDG-PET/CT demonstrated the primary lesion and its distant widespread metastases, beyond the lung and supra-sternal mass. Conclusion: This case emphasizes the need for FDG PET/CT if there is equivocal clinical, laboratory, and radiological evidence of recurrence and metastases, especially if the suspected finding seems can be very unusual for metastatic lesions.
{"title":"Detection of Extensive Metastases from Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer by F- 18 FDG-PET/CT","authors":"M. Vorster, M. Sathekge","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01103010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01103010001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Survival with anaplastic thyroid cancer is dependent on how rapid multimodality treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery) and thus accurate assessment of the extent of the disease critical to predict prognosis and therapy planning. Methods & Results: We present a case of anaplastic cancer in a 54-year-old woman who presented with a supra-sternal lump which has decreased in size in response to chemo- and radiotherapy. CT and FDG-PET/CT scan were performed after therapy. CT demonstrated supra-sternal and lung metastases. FDG-PET/CT demonstrated the primary lesion and its distant widespread metastases, beyond the lung and supra-sternal mass. Conclusion: This case emphasizes the need for FDG PET/CT if there is equivocal clinical, laboratory, and radiological evidence of recurrence and metastases, especially if the suspected finding seems can be very unusual for metastatic lesions.","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68127694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-14DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01002010178
Yun-Sang Lee
Radiopharmaceuticals for molecular imaging involve careful consideration of the following two factors: radionuclide selection and specificity to the molecular target. In selecting a radionuclide, the specific decay mode, physical half-life, chemical properties, and method of production must be considered. For proper design of a radiopharmaceutical which targets a specific biological or disease process, structural features, including the size, charge, solubility, lipophilicity, and specific activity of the radiolabeled molecules, must be considered. Other factors, such as the rate of metabolism, plasma protein binding, and non-specific binding in non-target tissues, are also important in optimizing the in vivo behavior of radiolabeled molecules. There are several types of radiopharmaceuticals for molecular imaging that target a number of biochemical processes, such as blood flow or perfusion, metabolism, and specific receptors. With a better understanding of the properties of radiopharmaceuticals, including chemical, physical, and biological properties, radiopharmaceuticals can be properly used for molecular imaging of targets for biological or disease processes.
{"title":"Radiopharmaceuticals for Molecular Imaging","authors":"Yun-Sang Lee","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01002010178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01002010178","url":null,"abstract":"Radiopharmaceuticals for molecular imaging involve careful consideration of the following two factors: radionuclide selection and specificity to the molecular target. In selecting a radionuclide, the specific decay mode, physical half-life, chemical properties, and method of production must be considered. For proper design of a radiopharmaceutical which targets a specific biological or disease process, structural features, including the size, charge, solubility, lipophilicity, and specific activity of the radiolabeled molecules, must be considered. Other factors, such as the rate of metabolism, plasma protein binding, and non-specific binding in non-target tissues, are also important in optimizing the in vivo behavior of radiolabeled molecules. There are several types of radiopharmaceuticals for molecular imaging that target a number of biochemical processes, such as blood flow or perfusion, metabolism, and specific receptors. With a better understanding of the properties of radiopharmaceuticals, including chemical, physical, and biological properties, radiopharmaceuticals can be properly used for molecular imaging of targets for biological or disease processes.","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"178-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68128021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-14DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01002010157
Byeong‐il Lee, J. Min
Recent progress in the development of non-invasive imaging technologies continues to strengthen the role of molecular imaging in biological research. Small animal imaging with bioluminescence has been validated recently in a variety of research models and have been shown to provide continuous quantitative monitoring of the location(s), magnitude, and time-variation of gene delivery and/or expression. This article reviews the role of in vivo bioluminescence imaging technologies as they have been used in imaging gene delivery and gene expression for molecular imaging applications. The studies published to date demonstrate that bioluminescence imaging tools will help to understand human diseases through small animal models. disease progression at a molecular pathological level; and (7) To create the possibility of achieving all of the above goals of imaging in a rapid, reproducible, and quantitative manner, so as to be able to monitor time-dependent experimental, developmental, environmental, and therapeutic influences on gene products in the same animal or patient. Diverse optical imaging technologies have been used to investigate molecular events in biology research which is focused on characterizing molecular interaction, signal transduction, enzyme activity, receptor/transporter status and biodistribution of various optical substrates (tracers). The underlying principles of in vitro optical imaging can now be tailored to in vivo optical imaging modalities such as bioluminescence and fluorescence imaging. The development, validation, and application of bioluminescence imaging techniques in living subjects should further enhance our understanding of disease mechanisms and go hand in hand with the development of molecular imaging (1-3).
{"title":"Molecular Imaging Using Bioluminescence","authors":"Byeong‐il Lee, J. Min","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01002010157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01002010157","url":null,"abstract":"Recent progress in the development of non-invasive imaging technologies continues to strengthen the role of molecular imaging in biological research. Small animal imaging with bioluminescence has been validated recently in a variety of research models and have been shown to provide continuous quantitative monitoring of the location(s), magnitude, and time-variation of gene delivery and/or expression. This article reviews the role of in vivo bioluminescence imaging technologies as they have been used in imaging gene delivery and gene expression for molecular imaging applications. The studies published to date demonstrate that bioluminescence imaging tools will help to understand human diseases through small animal models. disease progression at a molecular pathological level; and (7) To create the possibility of achieving all of the above goals of imaging in a rapid, reproducible, and quantitative manner, so as to be able to monitor time-dependent experimental, developmental, environmental, and therapeutic influences on gene products in the same animal or patient. Diverse optical imaging technologies have been used to investigate molecular events in biology research which is focused on characterizing molecular interaction, signal transduction, enzyme activity, receptor/transporter status and biodistribution of various optical substrates (tracers). The underlying principles of in vitro optical imaging can now be tailored to in vivo optical imaging modalities such as bioluminescence and fluorescence imaging. The development, validation, and application of bioluminescence imaging techniques in living subjects should further enhance our understanding of disease mechanisms and go hand in hand with the development of molecular imaging (1-3).","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"89 2 1","pages":"157-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68127889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-14DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01002010153
K. Kang
Molecular imaging is used for earlier detection, characterization of disease and an earlier assessment of treatment efficacy through imaging molecular/cellular events in living organisms. Fluorescent materials, radioisotopes and MRI enhancers as imaging probes, are being used for optical imaging, PET and MRI respectively. Each imaging modality has advantages and limitations regarding sensitivity, resolution, and tissue penetration of signal. Triple modal imaging combining PET/MRI/fluorescent probes will overcome the limitations of each modality. Recent advances in nano- biotechnology have identified many candidate probes for medical applications. Nanoparticles are able to carry fluorescent dyes, radioisotopes, drugs, genes, and targeting biomarkers. Triple modal nanoparticles could apply to sentinel node imaging by combined PET/MRI scanner for surgical plan and then to sentinel node detection by surgeons' view. Furthermore, if targeting function is added to multimodal nanoparticles as molecular probes, they are able to be used for diagnosis in vitro and in vivo, as well as therapeutic purposes. If nanotechnology and molecular imaging is combined, it could guide surgeons for minimal invasive but accurate surgery and physicans for personalized target therapy by validating the targeting efficiency using multimodal in vivo imaging.
{"title":"Preliminary Pre-Clinical Results and Overview on PET/MRI/Fluorescent Molecular Imaging","authors":"K. Kang","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01002010153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01002010153","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular imaging is used for earlier detection, characterization of disease and an earlier assessment of treatment efficacy through imaging molecular/cellular events in living organisms. Fluorescent materials, radioisotopes and MRI enhancers as imaging probes, are being used for optical imaging, PET and MRI respectively. Each imaging modality has advantages and limitations regarding sensitivity, resolution, and tissue penetration of signal. Triple modal imaging combining PET/MRI/fluorescent probes will overcome the limitations of each modality. Recent advances in nano- biotechnology have identified many candidate probes for medical applications. Nanoparticles are able to carry fluorescent dyes, radioisotopes, drugs, genes, and targeting biomarkers. Triple modal nanoparticles could apply to sentinel node imaging by combined PET/MRI scanner for surgical plan and then to sentinel node detection by surgeons' view. Furthermore, if targeting function is added to multimodal nanoparticles as molecular probes, they are able to be used for diagnosis in vitro and in vivo, as well as therapeutic purposes. If nanotechnology and molecular imaging is combined, it could guide surgeons for minimal invasive but accurate surgery and physicans for personalized target therapy by validating the targeting efficiency using multimodal in vivo imaging.","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"153-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68127843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-14DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01002010186
D. Hwang, H. Youn, D. S. Lee
With the remarkable progress of non-invasive molecular imaging techniques, the nanotechnology could provide powerful tools for development of diagnostic and therapeutic agents in bio-and nano-medicine field. Several imaging techniques including PET and MRI system have been developed for diagnosis, providing functional and anatomical information. Recently, the combined system of PET/MRI imaging modalities with nanoparticles allows the simultaneous monitoring of cancer localization and provides detailed information of nanoparticle distribution in vivo. A variety form of multimodal imaging probes has been developed to overcome the limitation of single imaging modality. In this review, we describe the technological advances associated with nanoparticle-based multimodal imaging system including PET/MRI in living subjects. First, we introduce the simple imaging strategy using optical or PET imaging tracer and the MR imaging approach using a variety of magnetic nanoparticles for the detection of cancer. Then, we cover the improved techniques for efficient targeting with multimodal imaging agents to lymph node area and engrafted cancer sites. In addition, we introduce a successful application of quadruple imaging nanoparticles for the evaluation of more accurate tumor distribution in clinical oncology. These results indicate that multimodal imaging strategy using nanoparticles can endow broad application in multidisciplinary field to monitor a variety of biological systems in a single investigation, and ultimately offer synergistic information for better understanding in diagnosis and therapy of human diseases.
{"title":"Molecular Imaging Using PET/MRI Particle","authors":"D. Hwang, H. Youn, D. S. Lee","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01002010186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01002010186","url":null,"abstract":"With the remarkable progress of non-invasive molecular imaging techniques, the nanotechnology could provide powerful tools for development of diagnostic and therapeutic agents in bio-and nano-medicine field. Several imaging techniques including PET and MRI system have been developed for diagnosis, providing functional and anatomical information. Recently, the combined system of PET/MRI imaging modalities with nanoparticles allows the simultaneous monitoring of cancer localization and provides detailed information of nanoparticle distribution in vivo. A variety form of multimodal imaging probes has been developed to overcome the limitation of single imaging modality. In this review, we describe the technological advances associated with nanoparticle-based multimodal imaging system including PET/MRI in living subjects. First, we introduce the simple imaging strategy using optical or PET imaging tracer and the MR imaging approach using a variety of magnetic nanoparticles for the detection of cancer. Then, we cover the improved techniques for efficient targeting with multimodal imaging agents to lymph node area and engrafted cancer sites. In addition, we introduce a successful application of quadruple imaging nanoparticles for the evaluation of more accurate tumor distribution in clinical oncology. These results indicate that multimodal imaging strategy using nanoparticles can endow broad application in multidisciplinary field to monitor a variety of biological systems in a single investigation, and ultimately offer synergistic information for better understanding in diagnosis and therapy of human diseases.","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"186-191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68128121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-14DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01002010145
J. Paeng, D. Lee
In medical research and practice, imaging is now playing a crucial role. With rapidly developing molecular imaging, the role of in vivo imaging is expected to expand much more. In molecular imaging, one of the recent trends is multimodal imaging, which theoretically combines all the strengths of each imaging modality and consequently provides synergism. For this, many multimodal imaging probes have been developed so far. However, multimodal probe imaging is different from simple fusion images using multimodal imaging instruments. To maximize the effectiveness of multimodal in vivo imaging, practical application methods and delicate design of imaging probes are essential. Here, imaging instruments and probes for multimodal in vivo imaging are briefly reviewed and practical application is discussed.
{"title":"Multimodal Molecular Imaging In Vivo","authors":"J. Paeng, D. Lee","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01002010145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01002010145","url":null,"abstract":"In medical research and practice, imaging is now playing a crucial role. With rapidly developing molecular imaging, the role of in vivo imaging is expected to expand much more. In molecular imaging, one of the recent trends is multimodal imaging, which theoretically combines all the strengths of each imaging modality and consequently provides synergism. For this, many multimodal imaging probes have been developed so far. However, multimodal probe imaging is different from simple fusion images using multimodal imaging instruments. To maximize the effectiveness of multimodal in vivo imaging, practical application methods and delicate design of imaging probes are essential. Here, imaging instruments and probes for multimodal in vivo imaging are briefly reviewed and practical application is discussed.","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"145-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68126450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-14DOI: 10.2174/1876388X01002010192
J. Lee
The continuing efforts of investigators to achieve the best physical and clinical performances from PET (positron emission tomography) and related hybrid cameras (PET/CT and PET/MRI) have led to remarkable technical advances in hardware and software. Time of flight (TOF) information measurement, which has been enabled thanks to the invention of fast, heavy crystals and advances in fast light detection sensors and readout electronics, is used to obtain the PET images of better quality and lesion-detection performance. Statistical reconstruction with resolution recovery and measurements of depth of interaction (DOI) are the useful softwareand hardware-wise approaches for enhancing the spatial resolution of reconstructed PET images. These technical advances along with an expansive increase in the number of PET and PET/CT examinations performed are facilitating the widespread use of PET scanners with specific detector structures and arrangements for particular applications or organs. Combined multimodal imaging systems are also in the development mainstream of these
{"title":"Technical Advances in Current PET and Hybrid Imaging Systems","authors":"J. Lee","doi":"10.2174/1876388X01002010192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876388X01002010192","url":null,"abstract":"The continuing efforts of investigators to achieve the best physical and clinical performances from PET (positron emission tomography) and related hybrid cameras (PET/CT and PET/MRI) have led to remarkable technical advances in hardware and software. Time of flight (TOF) information measurement, which has been enabled thanks to the invention of fast, heavy crystals and advances in fast light detection sensors and readout electronics, is used to obtain the PET images of better quality and lesion-detection performance. Statistical reconstruction with resolution recovery and measurements of depth of interaction (DOI) are the useful softwareand hardware-wise approaches for enhancing the spatial resolution of reconstructed PET images. These technical advances along with an expansive increase in the number of PET and PET/CT examinations performed are facilitating the widespread use of PET scanners with specific detector structures and arrangements for particular applications or organs. Combined multimodal imaging systems are also in the development mainstream of these","PeriodicalId":88754,"journal":{"name":"The open nuclear medicine journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"192-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68127562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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