Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik最新文献

英文中文

Evaluation of the RF depositions at 3T in routine clinical scans with respect to the SAR safety to improve efficiency of MRI utilization 评估常规临床扫描中 3T 下射频沉积的 SAR 安全性，以提高磁共振成像的使用效率

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q4 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2024-0339

Ruixin Li, Xinlian Chen, Yupeng Liao, Sherman Xuegang Xin

Objectives This study explores the potential for improving of 3T MRI utilization by assessing and tailoring RF exposure in routine clinical scans while complying to standard safety limit. Methods Using two generic human body models, we evaluated pbSAR10g values at four landmark positions (knee, pelvis, thoracic spine, head) at different wbSAR levels. Specifically, we analyzed local SAR10g in different operating modes and computed the maximum safety wbSAR, ensuring compliance with IEC limits. Results In normal operating mode, the RF power deposition reached wbSAR limit before the pbSAR10g limit. In the first level controlled operating mode, pbSAR10g limit is reached before the wbSAR limit in the knee, thoracic spine scanning scenarios, while the wbSAR limit is reached first in the pelvis scanning scenarios, making it the most potential-releasing (up to 33.33 %) scanning scenario. For head exposure, the head SAR10g limit is reached before the wbSAR limit, highlighting the necessity for strict SAR control. Moreover, we calculated the minimum allowable TR for common imaging sequences for reference. Conclusions Different RF exposure setups are necessary to meet safety standards in various scenarios. By implementing careful RF exposure setups in routine clinical scans, the high potential capacity of 3T MRI can be fully released.

目的本研究通过评估和调整常规临床扫描中的射频暴露，同时遵守标准安全限制，探索提高 3T 磁共振成像利用率的潜力。方法我们使用两个通用人体模型，评估了四个地标位置（膝关节、骨盆、胸椎、头部）在不同 wbSAR 水平下的 pbSAR10g 值。具体来说，我们分析了不同工作模式下的局部 SAR10g，并计算了最大安全 wbSAR，确保符合 IEC 限制。结果在正常工作模式下，射频功率沉积在达到 pbSAR10g 限制之前就达到了 wbSAR 限制。在一级受控运行模式下，膝关节、胸椎扫描方案的 pbSAR10g 值先于 wbSAR 值达到限值，而骨盆扫描方案的 wbSAR 值先达到限值，因此骨盆扫描方案是释放潜能最大的扫描方案（高达 33.33%）。就头部暴露而言，头部 SAR10g 限值先于 wbSAR 限值达到，这说明必须严格控制 SAR。此外，我们还计算了常见成像序列的最小允许 TR 值，以供参考。结论不同的射频曝光设置对于满足各种情况下的安全标准是必要的。通过在常规临床扫描中实施谨慎的射频曝光设置，可以充分释放 3T 磁共振成像的巨大潜在能力。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative evaluation of volumetry estimation from plain and contrast enhanced computed tomography liver images 从普通和造影剂增强型计算机断层扫描肝脏图像估算容积的比较评估

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q3 Engineering

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik

Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2022-0349

Lakshmipriya Balagourouchetty, Pragatheeswaran K. Jayanthi, Biju Pottakkat, Govindarajalou Ramkumar

Objectives Surgery planning for liver tumour is carried out using contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) images to determine the optimal resection strategy and to assess the volume of liver and tumour. Current surgery planning tools interpret even the functioning liver cells present within the tumour boundary as tumour. Plain CT images provide inadequate information for treatment planning. This work attempts to address two shortcomings of existing surgery planning tools: (i) to delineate functioning liver cells from the non-functioning tumourous tissues within the tumour boundary and (ii) to provide 3D visualization and actual tumour volume from the plain CT images. Methods All slices of plain CT images containing liver are enhanced by means of fuzzy histogram equalization in Non-Subsampled Contourlet Transform (NSCT) domain prior to 3D reconstruction to clearly delineate liver, non-functioning tumourous tissues and functioning liver cells within the tumour boundary. The 3D analysis from plain and CECT images was carried out on five types of liver lesions viz. HCC, metastasis, hemangioma, cyst, and abscess along with normal liver. Results The study resulted in clear delineation of functional liver tissues from non-functioning tumourous tissues within the tumour boundary from CECT as well as plain CT images. The volume of liver calculated using the proposed approach is found comparable with that obtained using Myrian-XP, a currently followed surgery planning tool in clinical practice. Conclusions The obtained results from plain CT images will undoubtedly provide valuable diagnostic assistance and surgery planning even for the subset of patients for whom CECT acquisition is not advisable.

目的肝肿瘤的手术规划是通过对比增强计算机断层扫描（CECT）图像来确定最佳切除策略，并评估肝脏和肿瘤的体积。目前的手术规划工具甚至将肿瘤边界内的正常肝细胞也视为肿瘤。普通 CT 图像无法为治疗规划提供足够的信息。这项工作试图解决现有手术规划工具的两个缺陷：(i) 从肿瘤边界内的非功能性肿瘤组织中划分出功能性肝细胞；(ii) 从普通 CT 图像中提供三维可视化和实际肿瘤体积。方法在三维重建之前，在非子采样轮廓变换（NSCT）域通过模糊直方图均衡化对包含肝脏的所有平扫 CT 图像切片进行增强，以清晰划分肿瘤边界内的肝脏、非功能性肿瘤组织和功能性肝细胞。对五种类型的肝脏病变，即 HCC、转移瘤、血管瘤、囊肿和脓肿以及正常肝脏进行了平扫和 CECT 图像的三维分析。结果研究结果显示，CECT 和普通 CT 图像能清晰地划分出肿瘤边界内的功能性肝组织和非功能性肿瘤组织。使用所提出的方法计算出的肝脏体积与目前临床上常用的手术规划工具 Myrian-XP 计算出的肝脏体积相当。结论从普通 CT 图像中获得的结果无疑将为诊断和手术规划提供有价值的帮助，即使是对于不宜采集 CECT 的部分患者也是如此。

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引用次数: 0

Sparse-view CT reconstruction based on group-based sparse representation using weighted guided image filtering 利用加权引导图像滤波技术，基于基于组的稀疏表示进行稀疏视图 CT 重建

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q3 Engineering

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik

Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2023-0581

Rong Xu, Yi Liu, Zhiyuan Li, Zhiguo Gui

Objectives In the past, guided image filtering (GIF)-based methods often utilized total variation (TV)-based methods to reconstruct guidance images. And they failed to reconstruct the intricate details of complex clinical images accurately. To address these problems, we propose a new sparse-view CT reconstruction method based on group-based sparse representation using weighted guided image filtering. Methods In each iteration of the proposed algorithm, the result constrained by the group-based sparse representation (GSR) is used as the guidance image. Then, the weighted guided image filtering (WGIF) was used to transfer the important features from the guidance image to the reconstruction of the SART method. Results Three representative slices were tested under 64 projection views, and the proposed method yielded the best visual effect. For the shoulder case, the PSNR can achieve 48.82, which is far superior to other methods. Conclusions The experimental results demonstrate that our method is more effective in preserving structures, suppressing noise, and reducing artifacts compared to other methods.

目标过去，基于引导图像滤波（GIF）的方法通常使用基于总变异（TV）的方法来重建引导图像。但这些方法无法准确重建复杂临床图像的复杂细节。为了解决这些问题，我们提出了一种新的稀疏视图 CT 重建方法，该方法基于基于组的稀疏表示，使用加权引导图像滤波。方法在所提算法的每次迭代中，基于组稀疏表示（GSR）的结果被用作引导图像。然后，使用加权引导图像滤波（WGIF）将引导图像中的重要特征转移到 SART 方法的重建中。结果在 64 个投影视图下测试了三个具有代表性的切片，结果表明所提出的方法具有最佳的视觉效果。对于肩部情况，PSNR 可以达到 48.82，远远优于其他方法。结论实验结果表明，与其他方法相比，我们的方法在保留结构、抑制噪声和减少伪影方面更为有效。

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引用次数: 0

Actuators and transmission mechanisms in rehabilitation lower limb exoskeletons: a review 康复下肢外骨骼中的致动器和传动机构：综述

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q3 Engineering

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik

Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2022-0262

Norazam Aliman, Rizauddin Ramli, Mohammad Soleimani Amiri

Research has shown that rehabilitation lower limb exoskeletons (RLLEs) are effective tools for improving recovery or regaining lower limb function. This device interacts with the limbs of patients. Thus, actuators and power transmission mechanisms are the key factors in determining smooth human‒machine interaction and comfort in physical therapy activities. A multitude of distinct technologies have been proposed. However, we questioned which consideration point in actuator selection and power transmission mechanisms are used for RLLE. A review of the technical characteristics and status of advanced RLLE designs is discussed. We review actuator selection for RLLE devices. Furthermore, the power transmission mechanisms over the years within each of the RLLE devices are presented. The development issues and possible research directions related to actuators and power transmission mechanisms are provided. Most RLLEs are still in the research phase, and only a few have been commercialized. The aim of this paper is to provide researchers with useful information for investigating technological progress and highlight the latest technological choices in RLLE development.

研究表明，康复下肢外骨骼（RLLEs）是改善康复或恢复下肢功能的有效工具。这种装置与患者的肢体相互作用。因此，致动器和动力传输机制是决定理疗活动中人机互动顺畅性和舒适性的关键因素。目前已经提出了许多不同的技术。然而，我们对 RLLE 在选择致动器和动力传输机制时的考虑点提出了质疑。我们讨论了先进 RLLE 设计的技术特点和现状。我们回顾了 RLLE 设备的致动器选择。此外，还介绍了各 RLLE 设备多年来的动力传输机制。我们还提供了与致动器和动力传输机制相关的开发问题和可能的研究方向。大多数 RLLE 仍处于研究阶段，只有少数已实现商业化。本文旨在为研究人员提供调查技术进展的有用信息，并重点介绍 RLLE 开发中的最新技术选择。

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引用次数: 0

Abstracts of the 2023 Annual Meeting of the Austrian Society for Biomedical Engineering (ÖGBMT) 奥地利生物医学工程学会（ÖGBMT）2023 年年会摘要

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q3 Engineering

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik

Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2023-2002

引用次数: 0

Frontmatter 头版头条

4区医学 Q3 Engineering

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik

Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2023-frontmatter5

引用次数: 0

Computer-based analysis of the taper connection strength of different revision head and adapter sleeve designs. 通过计算机分析不同修正头和适配器套筒设计的锥形连接强度。

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q3 Engineering

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik

Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Print Date: 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2023-0066

Johanna Meier, Jessica Hembus, Rainer Bader, Danny Vogel

Objectives: Ceramic revision heads, equipped with titanium adapter sleeves, are used in femoral head revision in total hip arthroplasty to avoid ceramic fracture due to the damaged taper.

Methods: A finite element analysis of the taper connection strength of revision heads with varying head diameters combined with adapter sleeves of different lengths was conducted. The influence of various assembly forces, head diameter, and length of the adapter sleeves was evaluated. For two combinations, the pattern of contact pressure was evaluated when applying a simplified joint load (3 kN, 45° load angle). Experimental validation was conducted with 36 mm heads and adapter sleeves in size S, as well as 28 mm heads and adapter sleeves in size XL.

Results: The pull-off force increased with higher assembly forces. Using larger head diameters and adapter sleeves led to decreased pull-off forces, a reduced contact surface, and less contact pressure. The contact pressure showed significant peaks and a diagonal pattern under 45° angle loading when assembly forces were less than 4 kN, and larger adapter sleeves were utilized.

Conclusion: A sufficient assembly force should be ensured intraoperatively, especially with an increasing head diameter and adapter sleeve size, as lower assembly forces might lead to reduced taper connection strength.

目的在全髋关节置换术的股骨头翻修中使用配备钛合金适配器套筒的陶瓷翻修头，以避免因锥体受损而导致陶瓷断裂：对不同直径的翻修头与不同长度的适配器套筒的锥面连接强度进行了有限元分析。评估了各种装配力、头直径和适配器套筒长度的影响。对于两种组合，在施加简化关节载荷（3 kN，45° 负载角）时对接触压力模式进行了评估。实验验证使用了 36 毫米的头和 S 型适配器套筒，以及 28 毫米的头和 XL 型适配器套筒：结果：装配力越大，拉拔力越大。使用更大直径的测座和适配器套筒可降低拉拔力、减小接触面和接触压力。当装配力小于 4 kN 和使用较大的适配器套筒时，接触压力在 45° 角加载下显示出明显的峰值和对角线模式：结论：术中应确保足够的装配力，尤其是在头部直径和适配器套筒尺寸增大的情况下，因为较低的装配力可能会导致锥度连接强度降低。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of a full-body electrostimulation garment application in a cohort of subjects with cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, and stroke on upper motor neuron syndrome symptoms 在脑瘫、多发性硬化症和中风患者队列中应用全身电刺激衣对上运动神经元综合征症状的影响

4区医学 Q3 Engineering

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik

Pub Date : 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2023-0271

Andreas Hahn, Susan Moeller, Arne Schlausch, Matilda Ekmann, Gautier de Chelle, Marie Westerlund, Frank Braatz, Winfried Mayr

Abstract Objectives Dysfunction of the central nervous system may inflict spastic movement disorder (SMD). Electrical stimuli were identified as promising therapeutic option. Electrical stimulation provided by a 58-electrode full body garment was investigated based on data from regular trial fittings. Methods Data from 72 testees were investigated. Age averages 36.6 (19.8) ys with 44 females. The cohort spans infantile cerebral paresis (CP) (n=29), multiple sclerosis (MS) (n=23) and stroke (n=20). Data were stratified by etiology and an entry BBS Score<45. Results Effect sizes (Cohen`s d) related BBS, TUG, FGA, 10mWT, WMFT, EQ5D5L and Pain. Significance levels are indicated by *: p<0.05, **: p<0.01, ***: p<0.001, (t): p<0.1: CP: 1.64***, 0.29*, 1.59***, 0.76(t), 1.00***, 0.5*, 1.28***; MS: 1.83***, 0.83***, 1.28**, 1.07***, 0.93*, 1,11**, 0.78*; Stroke: 1.28**, 0.78**, 0.89, 0.92**, 0.71, 1.26*, 0.78*. Conclusions Multi-site transcutaneous electrical stimulation may increase ambulation related skills in subjects with SMD stemming from CP, MS and stroke. The results indicate effects on static and dynamic balance, fall risk, mobility, upper extremity improvement and an overall increase in health utility and a reduction in spasticity related pain. Effects are immediate as well as sustained. These results may inspire individual trial fittings and inform further controlled trials.

目的中枢神经系统功能障碍可引起痉挛性运动障碍(SMD)。电刺激被认为是有希望的治疗选择。基于常规试装的数据，研究了58个电极的全身服装所提供的电刺激。方法对72名被试进行资料调查。平均年龄36.6岁(19.8岁)，女性44名。该队列包括婴儿脑性轻瘫(CP) (n=29)、多发性硬化症(MS) (n=23)和中风(n=20)。数据按病因和BBS评分进行分层。结果效应量(Cohen’s d)与BBS、TUG、FGA、10mWT、WMFT、EQ5D5L和Pain相关。重要性水平是由*表示:术;0.05 * *:术;0.01 * * *:术中,0.001,(t):术;0.1:CP: 1.64 * * * 0.29 * 1.59 * * *, 0.76 (t), 1.00 * * * 0.5 * 1.28 * * *;女士:1.83 * * *,* * * 0.83,1.28 * * 1.07 * * * 0.93 * 1,11 * * 0.78 *;中风:1.28 * *,* * 0.78,0.89,0.92 * *,0.71,1.26 * 0.78 *。结论多部位经皮电刺激可提高脑瘫、多发性硬化症和脑卒中所致SMD患者的行走相关技能。结果表明，在静态和动态平衡、跌倒风险、活动能力、上肢改善、健康效用的总体增加和痉挛相关疼痛的减少方面都有影响。影响是即时的，也是持续的。这些结果可能会启发个体试验，并为进一步的对照试验提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Abstracts of the 57th Annual Meeting of the German Society of Biomedical Engineering 26 – 28 September 2023, Duisburg, including: The Artificial Vision Symposium – The International Symposium on Visual Prosthetics 第57届德国生物医学工程学会年会摘要2023年9月26日至28日，杜伊斯堡，包括:人工视觉研讨会-视觉修复国际研讨会

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q3 Engineering

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/bmte-2023-2001

引用次数: 0

Stimulation of spinal cord according to recorded theta hippocampal rhythm during rat move on treadmill. 根据记录的海马节律对大鼠在跑步机上运动时脊髓的刺激。

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q3 Engineering

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik

Pub Date : 2023-08-28 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2022-0420

Shahin Rouhi, Saeid Rahmani, Faezeh Shanesazzadeh, Tala Ahmadvand, Mahrokh Namazi, Mehdi Fardmanesh, Sahar Kiani

Objectives: Several studies have revealed that after spinal cord injury (SCI), in acute and sub-acute phase the spinal cord neurons below the injury are alive and could stimulate by use of electrical pulses. Spinal cord electrical stimulation could generate movement for paralyzed limbs and is a rehabilitation strategy for paralyzed patients. An innovative idea for controlling spinal cord electrical stimulation onset time is presented in current study.

Methods: In our method, the time of applying electrical pulse on the spinal cord is according to rat behavioral movement and two movements behaviors are recognized only based on rat EEG theta rhythm on the treadmill line. Briefly, 5 rats were placed on the treadmill and the animals experienced zero or 12 m/min speeds.

Results: These speeds were recognized based on EEG signals and off-line periodogram analysis. Finally, the electrical stimulation pulses had been applied to the spinal cord if the results of the EEG analysis had detected running behavior.

Conclusions: These findings may guide future research in utilizing theta rhythms for the recognition of animal motor behavior and designing electrical stimulation systems based on it.

目的:多项研究表明，脊髓损伤后，在急性和亚急性期，损伤下方的脊髓神经元是活的，可以用电脉冲刺激。脊髓电刺激可以产生瘫痪肢体的运动，是瘫痪患者的一种康复策略。目前的研究提出了一种控制脊髓电刺激开始时间的创新思路。方法:在本方法中，电脉冲在脊髓上施加的时间是根据大鼠的行为运动，两种运动行为仅根据大鼠在跑步机上的脑电图θ节奏来识别。简单地说，5只大鼠被放在跑步机上，动物经历0或12米/分钟的速度。结果:基于脑电信号和离线周期图分析，识别出这些速度。最后，如果脑电图分析的结果检测到奔跑行为，则将电刺激脉冲应用于脊髓。结论:这些发现可以指导未来利用θ波节律识别动物运动行为和设计基于它的电刺激系统的研究。

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