Biomarkers最新文献

Introduction: PERK, ATF6, and IRE1α signalling pathways are unfolded protein response (UPR) signalling pathways. In this study, we evaluated the effect of PERK and ATF6 signalling pathways, in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) patients.

Methods: ELISA was performed on peripheral blood plasma samples from the CLL group and the control group for the markers eIF2AK3, GRP78, ATF6, CHOP, HIF-1α and caspase 3.

Results: In this study, the levels of eIF2AK3, GRP78, ATF6 and CHOP were higher in the CLL group than in the control group (p = <0.001, p = <0.001, p = <0.001, p = <0.001, respectively). While no difference was observed between the CLL group and the control group in terms of HIF-1α level, caspase 3 level was higher in the CLL group (p = <0.001). There was a positive relationship between the level of HIF-1α and the levels of ATF6 and CHOP (r = 0.648, p = <0.001; r = 0.727, p = <0.001, respectively). Also, a positive correlation was observed between caspase 3 level and ATF6 level (r = 0.301, p = 0.030).

Discussion: In this study, markers associated with PERK and ATF6 signalling pathways were higher in CLL patients.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, with no biomarker validated for reliable early diagnosis. miRNAs have emerged as potential circulating biomarkers for several diseases. miR-27a has shown a multifaceted role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer and may be explored for its diagnostic potential. Similarly, soluble HER-2/neu may reflect the presence of tissue HER2 receptors in breast cancer.

Methods: Ninety-four patients with breast lumps (BIRADS III or above) were enrolled. Diagnosis and grading were confirmed by biopsy. Serum miRNA was extracted, and miR-27a expression was measured via RT-PCR using RNU6 as a control. sHER-2 levels were assessed using ELISA. Statistical analyses included chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and ROC curve analysis.

Results: MiR-27a expression was significantly higher in breast cancer patients than those with benign tumours (p < 0.0001), correlating with tumour size, grade, lymph node involvement, and metastasis (p < 0.05). ROC analysis revealed a cut-off >10.31 (AUC 0.971, sensitivity 93.0%, specificity 89.2%). sHER-2 levels were significantly elevated in tissue HER-2 positive breast cancer cases (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion: MiR27a shows strong potential to be used as a biomarker for breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis. sHER-2 effectively differentiated between the HER-2 status of breast cancer. Larger studies with follow-up are needed for clinical validation.

Background: Actin-like protein 6 A (ACTL6A), a subunit of SWItch/sucrose non-fermentable (SWI/SNF) complex has emerged as a key player in cancer progression. Despite growing evidence of its oncogenic potential, a comprehensive evaluation of its role in tumourigenesis and clinical outcomes remains warranted. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to elucidate the role of ACTL6A in cancer pathophysiology and its prognostic significance.

Methods: A systematic search in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science was conducted from inception to 31 December 2024, using the keywords 'ACTL6A' and 'Cancer'. Studies investigating ACTL6A's role in cancer and those reporting hazard ratios (HRs) for ACTL6A expression in human samples were considered for systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively.

Results: A total of 39 studies were included in systematic review which collectively reported the role of ACTL6A in tumuorigenesis, invasion and metastasis via HIPPO-YAP, PI3K/AKT, NOTCH and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Six studies (n = 863) qualified for meta-analysis, revealing that ACTL6A overexpression was significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) (p = 0.001), larger tumour size (p < 0.01) and higher tumour grade (p = 0.002).

Conclusion: ACTL6A is a critical oncogenic driver which promotes cancer progression and poor clinical outcomes. ACTL6A may serve as a promising prognostic marker, paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies in oncology.

Objective: To investigate the associations between oxidative DNA damage biomarkers (levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine [8-OHdG], telomere length [TL], human telomerase reverse transcriptase [hTERT], telomerase activity [TA] and polymorphisms of human 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1 [hOGG1] or X-ray repair cross-complementing group 4 [XRCC4]) and endometriosis (EMT) by a meta-analysis.

Methods: Five databases were searched until August 2024. Stata version 15.0 was used to estimate pooled odds ratio (OR) or standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results: Forty-two studies were included. Overall meta-analysis revealed significantly elevated 8-OHdG (SMD = 1.84; 95%CI = 1.29-2.39), TA (SMD = 3.03; 95%CI = 2.07-4.00) and hTERT (SMD = 2.55; 95%CI = 1.55-3.55) in EMT women compared to controls. Women carrying GG genotype (vs. GC+CC: OR = 1.34; 95%CI = 1.00-1.78) of hOGG1 rs1052133, TT genotype (vs. TG+GG: OR = 2.67; 95%CI = 1.63-4.38) and T allele (vs. G: OR = 3.49; 95%CI = 2.27-5.35) of XRCC4 rs6869366 had a higher risk of developing EMT. Subgroup and trim-and-fill analyses indicated longer TL was a risk factor for EMT.

Conclusions: 8-OHdG, TA, hTERT, TL, rs1052133 and rs6869366 represent potential prediction biomarkers and treatment targets for EMT.

Background: Placental-specific 1 (Plac1), with no expression in normal tissues, is expressed in different cancers. Therefore, the potential application of Plac1 to detect metastasis was investigated in breast cancer model.

Methods: A spontaneous metastasis model was established using 4T1 cells. FDG-PET and histological analysis were used to detect metastasis. Plac1 expression was assessed in a wide range of tumor-bearing and normal mice tissues by RT-qPCR. The sensitivity of Plac1-positive cell detection was examined by 4T1 serial dilution in Plac1-negative cells.

Results: Plac1 was not expressed in normal mouse tissues (n = 6), except in the brain (6/6, dCT = -10.85). 4T1 cell line (dCT = 0.65) and 4T1-induced tumor (dCT = -0.29) were positive for Plac1 expression. PET imaging and histopathology analysis demonstrated metastases in the lung, liver, and spleen of tumor-bearing mice. Plac1 expression was confirmed in lung (6/6, dCT = -1.52), liver (6/6, dCT = -2.37), spleen (6/6, dCT = -3.7), kidney (2/6, dCT = -40.00), brain (6/6, dCT = -7.47), and blood (6/6, dCT = -3.35) of tumor-bearing mice. The sensitivity of detecting tumor cells is at least one cell per million cells.

Conclusions: Plac1 is a novel marker with high specificity and sensitivity for detecting metastasis in breast cancer. These findings provide a rationale for human studies.

Purpose: To clarify the association of pretreatment Naples prognostic score (NPS) with long-term survival among lung cancer patients.

Methods: EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed and CNKI databases were searched up to April 16, 2024. Primary outcomes included the overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were combined and subgroup analysis stratified by the pathological type and treatment was performed.

Results: Twelve studies with 3089 patients were included and most patients were from China. Pooled results demonstrated that elevated NPS was related to poor OS (HR = 2.82, 95% CI: 1.88-4.25, P < 0.001), PFS (HR = 2.75, 95% CI: 1.89-4.01, P < 0.001) and CSS (HR = 3.5, 95% CI: 1.6-7.9, P = 0.002). Besides, subgroup analysis based on the pathological type [non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) vs small cell lung cancer (SCLC)] and treatment (surgery vs non-surgery) manifested similar results.

Conclusion: Pretreatment NPS is associated with long-term prognosis in lung cancer and patients with elevated NPS are more likely to experience poor survival. However, more studies are needed to verify above findings due to limitations in this meta-analysis.

Introduction: Perioperative neurocognitive disorders remain a complex and under-diagnosed complication of surgery, linked to increased mortality and reliance on unemployment or disability benefits. Trauma-induced inflammatory responses are a major mechanism behind perioperative neurocognitive disorders. Understanding the impact of pharmacological interventions on modulating inflammatory and neuronal damage markers is crucial for improving perioperative care and patient outcomes.The objective is to evaluate the effects of neuroprotective pharmacological agents: dexmedetomidine, lidocaine, propofol, and magnesium, on peripheral inflammatory and neuronal damage markers in surgical patients.

Material and methods: Studies were retrieved from Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases, covering articles published until January 2024.

Results: Nine RCTs involving 870 patients were included. Dexmedetomidine significantly reduced S100β and NSE levels. IL-6 and TNF-α levels were significantly reduced post-surgery in dexmedetomidine-treated patients, highlighting its anti-inflammatory effects.

Discussion: Lidocaine effectively reduced S100β and NSE. Propofol and magnesium also demonstrated neuroprotective properties. However, significant heterogeneity in dosing and timing among studies limits the generalizability of these findings.

Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine, lidocaine, propofol, and magnesium show promise in reducing biomarkers associated with brain injury and inflammation during surgery, offering potential benefits for perioperative neuroprotection.

We, the Editor and Publisher of Biomarkers, have retracted the following article:Tuli, T. R., Mia, M., & Habib, A. (2025). Integrated bioinformatics approach for the identification and validation of novel biomarkers in ACC progression and prognosis. Biomarkers, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1080/1354750X.2025.2489453Following publication, concerns were raised by a third-party regarding potential data integrity issues in the article. Further investigation by the publisher and journal has confirmed the integrity concerns.When approached for an explanation, the authors agreed with these concerns and requested a withdrawal of their article.As verifying the validity of published work is core to the integrity of the scholarly record, we are therefore retracting the article. The corresponding author listed in this publication has been informed.We have been informed in our decision-making by our editorial policies and the COPE guidelines. The retracted articles will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but they will be digitally watermarked on each page as 'Retracted'.

Background: The heterogeneous nature of c-MET overexpression in gastric cancer (GC) leads to a lack of consensus on its prognostic significance.

Objective: To evaluate the predictive value of c-MET protein expression in gastric cancer patients.

Methods: A systematic review of studies from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to April 2025. Heterogeneity and robustness were assessed using the Cochrane Q test, I² statistic, and sensitivity analysis. Publication bias was evaluated with Egger's and Begg's tests. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) assessed methodological quality.

Results: From 2,322 articles, 22 studies were included. High c-MET expression was significantly associated with reduced overall survival (OS) (Hazard Ratio [HR] = 1.22; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.13, 1.31; I² = 6.8%; P = 0.371) and disease-free survival (DFS) (pooled HR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.68; I² = 42.4%; P = 0.139). Definitions of c-MET positivity varied across studies regarding thresholds, staining intensity, and detection methods. Subgroup analysis of OS revealed conflicting conclusions based on study design, cutoff values, and c-MET assays.

Conclusion: High c-MET expression may independently predict poor GC prognosis. Future efforts should focus on standardized detection methods and high-quality prospective studies to validate its prognostic value.

Background: Identifying patients benefiting from implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) especially when replacing one that has never served may be challenging.

Objectives: We assessed the association between plasma levels of mid-regional-pro-A-type-natriuretic peptide (ANP), Mid-regional-pro-adrenomedullin (ADM) and aldosterone and, appropriate Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD)-therapy in patients with an ICD but no prior therapy.

Methods: A cohort of 331 consecutive patients with an ICD but no prior ICD-therapy was prospectively included in 2 centers and followed-up for a median of 7.9 years. Plasma aldosterone, ANP and ADM levels were measured at inclusion. The primary outcome was the occurrence of appropriate ICD-therapy.

Results: Appropriate ICD-therapy and death occurred in 106(32%) and 114(34%) patients respectively. Rates of ICD generator replacement were 62% regardless of ICD-therapy. The multivariable model showed significant relationships between ANP > median (adjusted HR 1.73[95% CI 1.04-2.86]) and ADM > median (HR 0.53 [95% CI 0.32-0.89]) but not aldosterone, and ICD-therapy. The Fine and Gray analysis accounting mortality as a competing risk showed similar results.

Conclusions: The combination of ANP and ADM are independently associated with the risk of ICD-therapy in patients with an ICD that has never served, and may participate in stratifying patients who may benefit most from ICD generator replacement.