Pub Date : 2024-11-04DOI: 10.1186/s12938-024-01301-4
Karunan Joseph, Bojan Petrović, Syarifah Aisyah Syed Ibrahim, Aung Thiha, Lazar Milić, Mohd Yazed Ahmad, Nebojša Pavlović, Sanja Kojić, Fatimah Ibrahim, Goran M Stojanović
Background: Oral health is closely linked to systemic conditions, particularly non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which can exacerbate oral issues. Essential oils (EOs) have emerged as potential alternatives for oral health due to their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Among these, rosemary essential oil (REO) shows promise due to its various biological activities. This study investigates the potential of REO in dental applications using microfluidic devices and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to analyze the electrical properties of REO in artificial saliva (AS) mixtures.
Results: The study demonstrated significant variations in impedance across different REO concentrations and their mixtures with AS. Higher impedance was observed in REO mixtures, particularly at lower frequencies, indicating distinct electrical properties compared to pure AS. The impedance of REO was influenced by its concentration, with a 1% REO solution showing higher impedance than a 4% solution, possibly due to micelle formation and changes in dielectric properties. Additionally, microfluidic devices enabled precise control over fluid interactions and real-time monitoring, offering valuable insights into REO's behavior in a simulated oral environment. The impedance data demonstrated significant differences in REO-AS mixtures, highlighting potential interactions critical for oral care applications.
Conclusions: Rosemary essential oil exhibits unique electrical properties, making it a promising candidate for dental applications, particularly in preventing and treating oral diseases. Microfluidic devices enhance the accuracy and reliability of studying REO's interactions with AS, providing a robust platform for future dental research. The findings suggest that REO could be effectively incorporated into oral care products, offering a natural alternative for combating oral pathogens, reducing inflammation, and protecting against oxidative stress. Future research should focus on clinical trials to validate these findings and explore the synergistic effects of REO with other essential oils.
{"title":"Microfluidic and impedance analysis of rosemary essential oil: implications for dental health.","authors":"Karunan Joseph, Bojan Petrović, Syarifah Aisyah Syed Ibrahim, Aung Thiha, Lazar Milić, Mohd Yazed Ahmad, Nebojša Pavlović, Sanja Kojić, Fatimah Ibrahim, Goran M Stojanović","doi":"10.1186/s12938-024-01301-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-024-01301-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oral health is closely linked to systemic conditions, particularly non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which can exacerbate oral issues. Essential oils (EOs) have emerged as potential alternatives for oral health due to their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Among these, rosemary essential oil (REO) shows promise due to its various biological activities. This study investigates the potential of REO in dental applications using microfluidic devices and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to analyze the electrical properties of REO in artificial saliva (AS) mixtures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study demonstrated significant variations in impedance across different REO concentrations and their mixtures with AS. Higher impedance was observed in REO mixtures, particularly at lower frequencies, indicating distinct electrical properties compared to pure AS. The impedance of REO was influenced by its concentration, with a 1% REO solution showing higher impedance than a 4% solution, possibly due to micelle formation and changes in dielectric properties. Additionally, microfluidic devices enabled precise control over fluid interactions and real-time monitoring, offering valuable insights into REO's behavior in a simulated oral environment. The impedance data demonstrated significant differences in REO-AS mixtures, highlighting potential interactions critical for oral care applications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rosemary essential oil exhibits unique electrical properties, making it a promising candidate for dental applications, particularly in preventing and treating oral diseases. Microfluidic devices enhance the accuracy and reliability of studying REO's interactions with AS, providing a robust platform for future dental research. The findings suggest that REO could be effectively incorporated into oral care products, offering a natural alternative for combating oral pathogens, reducing inflammation, and protecting against oxidative stress. Future research should focus on clinical trials to validate these findings and explore the synergistic effects of REO with other essential oils.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"23 1","pages":"111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-31DOI: 10.1186/s12938-024-01305-0
Guosheng Shen, Fei Ye, Wei Cheng, Qiang Li
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic disease among people aged 65 and older. As the aging population continues to grow at a rapid pace, AD has emerged as a pressing public health issue globally. Early detection of the disease is important, because increasing evidence has illustrated that early diagnosis holds the key to effective treatment of AD. In this work, we developed and refined a multi-layer cyclic Residual convolutional neural network model, specifically tailored to identify AD-related submicroscopic characteristics in the facial images of mice. Our experiments involved classifying the mice into two distinct groups: a normal control group and an AD group. Compared with the other deep learning models, the proposed model achieved a better detection performance in the dataset of the mouse experiment. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and precision for AD identification with our proposed model were as high as 99.78%, 100%, 99.65% and 99.44%, respectively. Moreover, the heat maps of AD correlation in the facial images of the mice were acquired with the class activation mapping algorithm. It was proven that the facial images contained AD-related submicroscopic features. Consequently, through our mouse experiments, we validated the feasibility and accuracy of utilizing a facial image-based deep learning model for AD identification. Therefore, the present study suggests the potential of using facial images for AD detection in humans through deep learning-based methods.
{"title":"A modified deep learning method for Alzheimer's disease detection based on the facial submicroscopic features in mice.","authors":"Guosheng Shen, Fei Ye, Wei Cheng, Qiang Li","doi":"10.1186/s12938-024-01305-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-024-01305-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic disease among people aged 65 and older. As the aging population continues to grow at a rapid pace, AD has emerged as a pressing public health issue globally. Early detection of the disease is important, because increasing evidence has illustrated that early diagnosis holds the key to effective treatment of AD. In this work, we developed and refined a multi-layer cyclic Residual convolutional neural network model, specifically tailored to identify AD-related submicroscopic characteristics in the facial images of mice. Our experiments involved classifying the mice into two distinct groups: a normal control group and an AD group. Compared with the other deep learning models, the proposed model achieved a better detection performance in the dataset of the mouse experiment. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and precision for AD identification with our proposed model were as high as 99.78%, 100%, 99.65% and 99.44%, respectively. Moreover, the heat maps of AD correlation in the facial images of the mice were acquired with the class activation mapping algorithm. It was proven that the facial images contained AD-related submicroscopic features. Consequently, through our mouse experiments, we validated the feasibility and accuracy of utilizing a facial image-based deep learning model for AD identification. Therefore, the present study suggests the potential of using facial images for AD detection in humans through deep learning-based methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"23 1","pages":"109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11526719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142557092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1186/s12938-024-01304-1
Zhengnan Liu, Chengrun Li, Jixing Lin, Hengliang Xu, Yan Xu, Haoning Nan, Wei Cheng, Jie Li, Bin Wang
This article provides an overview of recent progress in the achievement of non-contact intraoperative image control through the use of vision and sensor technologies in operating room (OR) environments. A discussion of approaches to improving and optimizing associated technologies is also provided, together with a survey of important challenges and directions for future development aimed at improving the use of non-contact intraoperative image access systems.
{"title":"Advances in the development and application of non-contact intraoperative image access systems.","authors":"Zhengnan Liu, Chengrun Li, Jixing Lin, Hengliang Xu, Yan Xu, Haoning Nan, Wei Cheng, Jie Li, Bin Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12938-024-01304-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-024-01304-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article provides an overview of recent progress in the achievement of non-contact intraoperative image control through the use of vision and sensor technologies in operating room (OR) environments. A discussion of approaches to improving and optimizing associated technologies is also provided, together with a survey of important challenges and directions for future development aimed at improving the use of non-contact intraoperative image access systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"23 1","pages":"108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11526558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-27DOI: 10.1186/s12938-024-01299-9
Xiangrui Zeng, Nibras Abdullah, Putra Sumari
Manual annotation of medical image datasets is labor-intensive and prone to biases. Moreover, the rate at which image data accumulates significantly outpaces the speed of manual annotation, posing a challenge to the advancement of machine learning, particularly in the realm of supervised learning. Self-supervised learning is an emerging field that capitalizes on unlabeled data for training, thereby circumventing the need for extensive manual labeling. This learning paradigm generates synthetic pseudo-labels through pretext tasks, compelling the network to acquire image representations in a pseudo-supervised manner and subsequently fine-tuning with a limited set of annotated data to achieve enhanced performance. This review begins with an overview of prevalent types and advancements in self-supervised learning, followed by an exhaustive and systematic examination of methodologies within the medical imaging domain from 2018 to September 2024. The review encompasses a range of medical image modalities, including CT, MRI, X-ray, Histology, and Ultrasound. It addresses specific tasks, such as Classification, Localization, Segmentation, Reduction of False Positives, Improvement of Model Performance, and Enhancement of Image Quality. The analysis reveals a descending order in the volume of related studies, with CT and MRI leading the list, followed by X-ray, Histology, and Ultrasound. Except for CT and MRI, there is a greater prevalence of studies focusing on contrastive learning methods over generative learning approaches. The performance of MRI/Ultrasound classification and all image types segmentation still has room for further exploration. Generally, this review can provide conceptual guidance for medical professionals to combine self-supervised learning with their research.
{"title":"Self-supervised learning framework application for medical image analysis: a review and summary.","authors":"Xiangrui Zeng, Nibras Abdullah, Putra Sumari","doi":"10.1186/s12938-024-01299-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-024-01299-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Manual annotation of medical image datasets is labor-intensive and prone to biases. Moreover, the rate at which image data accumulates significantly outpaces the speed of manual annotation, posing a challenge to the advancement of machine learning, particularly in the realm of supervised learning. Self-supervised learning is an emerging field that capitalizes on unlabeled data for training, thereby circumventing the need for extensive manual labeling. This learning paradigm generates synthetic pseudo-labels through pretext tasks, compelling the network to acquire image representations in a pseudo-supervised manner and subsequently fine-tuning with a limited set of annotated data to achieve enhanced performance. This review begins with an overview of prevalent types and advancements in self-supervised learning, followed by an exhaustive and systematic examination of methodologies within the medical imaging domain from 2018 to September 2024. The review encompasses a range of medical image modalities, including CT, MRI, X-ray, Histology, and Ultrasound. It addresses specific tasks, such as Classification, Localization, Segmentation, Reduction of False Positives, Improvement of Model Performance, and Enhancement of Image Quality. The analysis reveals a descending order in the volume of related studies, with CT and MRI leading the list, followed by X-ray, Histology, and Ultrasound. Except for CT and MRI, there is a greater prevalence of studies focusing on contrastive learning methods over generative learning approaches. The performance of MRI/Ultrasound classification and all image types segmentation still has room for further exploration. Generally, this review can provide conceptual guidance for medical professionals to combine self-supervised learning with their research.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"23 1","pages":"107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-26DOI: 10.1186/s12938-024-01285-1
Javier Rodriguez-Falces, Armando Malanda, Cristina Mariscal, Silvia Recalde, Javier Navallas
Introduction: The probability density function (PDF) of the surface electromyogram (sEMG) depends on contraction force. This dependence, however, has so far been investigated by having the subject generate force at a few fixed percentages of MVC. Here, we examined how the shape of the sEMG PDF changes with contraction force when this force was gradually increased from zero.
Methods: Voluntary surface EMG signals were recorded from the vastus lateralis of healthy subjects as force was increased in a continuous manner vs. in a step-wise fashion. The sEMG filling process was examined by measuring the EMG filling factor, computed from the non-central moments of the rectified sEMG signal.
Results: (1) In 84% of the subjects, as contraction force increased from 0 to 10% MVC, the sEMG PDF shape oscillated back and forth between the semi-degenerate and the Gaussian distribution. (2) The PDF-force relation varied greatly among subjects for forces between 0 and ~ 10% MVC, but this variability was largely reduced for forces above 10% MVC. (3) The pooled analysis showed that, as contraction force gradually increased, the sEMG PDF evolved rapidly from the semi-degenerate towards the Laplacian distribution from 0 to 5% MVC, and then more slowly from the Laplacian towards the Gaussian distribution for higher forces.
Conclusions: The study demonstrated that the dependence of the sEMG PDF shape on contraction force can only be reliably assessed by gradually increasing force from zero, and not by performing a few constant-force contractions. The study also showed that the PDF-force relation differed greatly among individuals for contraction forces below 10% MVC, but this variability was largely reduced when force increased above 10% MVC.
简介表面肌电图(sEMG)的概率密度函数(PDF)取决于收缩力。然而,迄今为止,对这种依赖性的研究都是通过让受试者在几种固定的 MVC 百分比下产生力来进行的。在此,我们研究了当收缩力从零开始逐渐增加时,肌电图 PDF 的形状如何随收缩力而变化:方法:我们从健康受试者的外侧阔肌记录了持续增加力量与逐步增加力量时的自主表面肌电信号。结果:(1)在 84% 的受试者中,当收缩力从 0 增加到 10% MVC 时,肌电图 PDF 的形状在半退化分布和高斯分布之间来回摆动。(2)不同受试者的 PDF 与收缩力的关系在收缩力为 0 到 10% MVC 之间时变化很大,但当收缩力超过 10%MVC时,这种变化就大大减小了。(3) 汇总分析表明,随着收缩力的逐渐增加,从 0 到 5% MVC,sEMG PDF 迅速从半退化分布向拉普拉斯分布演化,然后在更大的收缩力下,从拉普拉斯分布向高斯分布演化的速度更慢:该研究表明,只有通过从零开始逐渐增加力量,而不是通过进行几次恒定力量的收缩,才能可靠地评估 sEMG PDF 形状对收缩力的依赖性。研究还表明,当收缩力低于 10% MVC 时,不同个体的 PDF 与收缩力的关系差异很大,但当收缩力增加到 10% MVC 以上时,这种差异就会大大减小。
{"title":"The probability density function of the surface electromyogram and its dependence on contraction force in the vastus lateralis.","authors":"Javier Rodriguez-Falces, Armando Malanda, Cristina Mariscal, Silvia Recalde, Javier Navallas","doi":"10.1186/s12938-024-01285-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-024-01285-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The probability density function (PDF) of the surface electromyogram (sEMG) depends on contraction force. This dependence, however, has so far been investigated by having the subject generate force at a few fixed percentages of MVC. Here, we examined how the shape of the sEMG PDF changes with contraction force when this force was gradually increased from zero.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Voluntary surface EMG signals were recorded from the vastus lateralis of healthy subjects as force was increased in a continuous manner vs. in a step-wise fashion. The sEMG filling process was examined by measuring the EMG filling factor, computed from the non-central moments of the rectified sEMG signal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>(1) In 84% of the subjects, as contraction force increased from 0 to 10% MVC, the sEMG PDF shape oscillated back and forth between the semi-degenerate and the Gaussian distribution. (2) The PDF-force relation varied greatly among subjects for forces between 0 and ~ 10% MVC, but this variability was largely reduced for forces above 10% MVC. (3) The pooled analysis showed that, as contraction force gradually increased, the sEMG PDF evolved rapidly from the semi-degenerate towards the Laplacian distribution from 0 to 5% MVC, and then more slowly from the Laplacian towards the Gaussian distribution for higher forces.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study demonstrated that the dependence of the sEMG PDF shape on contraction force can only be reliably assessed by gradually increasing force from zero, and not by performing a few constant-force contractions. The study also showed that the PDF-force relation differed greatly among individuals for contraction forces below 10% MVC, but this variability was largely reduced when force increased above 10% MVC.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"23 1","pages":"106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11515092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-26DOI: 10.1186/s12938-024-01289-x
Nada Raafat Khattab, Luis H Olivas-Alanis, Agnieszka Chmielewska-Wysocka, Hany Emam, Ryan Brune, Ahmadreza Jahadakbar, Sahil Khambhampati, Joseph Lozier, Keyvan Safaei, Roman Skoracki, Mohammad Elahinia, David Dean
Background: Manually bent, standard-of-care, Ti-6Al-4V, mandibular graft fixation devices are associated with a significant post-operative failure rate. These failures require the patient to endure stressful and expensive re-operation. The approach recommended in this report demonstrates the optimization of graft fixation device mechanical properties via "stiffness-matching" by varying the fixation device's location, shape, and material composition through simulation of the device's post-operative performance. This provides information during pre-operative planning that may avoid future device failure. Optimized performance may combine translation of all loading into compression of the bone graft with the adjacent bone segments and elimination or minimization of post-healing interruption of normal stress-strain (loading) trajectories.
Results: This study reports a sheep mandibular graft model where four animals received virtually optimized, experimental nickel-titanium (NiTi) fixation plates fabricated using laser beam powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing (AM). The last animal, our control, received a standard-of-care, manually bent, Ti-6Al-4V (aka Ti64) fixation plate. A 17.5-mm mandibular graft healed completely in all four animals receiving the experimental device. Experimental NiTi-implanted sheep experienced mandibular bone healing and restoration. The Ti64 plate, in the control animal, fractured and dislocated shortly after being implanted.
Conclusion: The use of stiffness-matched implants, by means of plate material (NiTi) and geometry (porosity) enhanced bone healing and promoted better load transfer to the healed bone when compared to the bulk Ti64 found in the fixation plate that the Control animal received. The design technique and screw orientation and depth planning improved throughout the study leading to more rapid healing. The large animal model reported here provides data useful for a follow-on clinical trial.
{"title":"Evaluation of stiffness-matched, 3D-printed, NiTi mandibular graft fixation in an ovine model.","authors":"Nada Raafat Khattab, Luis H Olivas-Alanis, Agnieszka Chmielewska-Wysocka, Hany Emam, Ryan Brune, Ahmadreza Jahadakbar, Sahil Khambhampati, Joseph Lozier, Keyvan Safaei, Roman Skoracki, Mohammad Elahinia, David Dean","doi":"10.1186/s12938-024-01289-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-024-01289-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Manually bent, standard-of-care, Ti-6Al-4V, mandibular graft fixation devices are associated with a significant post-operative failure rate. These failures require the patient to endure stressful and expensive re-operation. The approach recommended in this report demonstrates the optimization of graft fixation device mechanical properties via \"stiffness-matching\" by varying the fixation device's location, shape, and material composition through simulation of the device's post-operative performance. This provides information during pre-operative planning that may avoid future device failure. Optimized performance may combine translation of all loading into compression of the bone graft with the adjacent bone segments and elimination or minimization of post-healing interruption of normal stress-strain (loading) trajectories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study reports a sheep mandibular graft model where four animals received virtually optimized, experimental nickel-titanium (NiTi) fixation plates fabricated using laser beam powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing (AM). The last animal, our control, received a standard-of-care, manually bent, Ti-6Al-4V (aka Ti64) fixation plate. A 17.5-mm mandibular graft healed completely in all four animals receiving the experimental device. Experimental NiTi-implanted sheep experienced mandibular bone healing and restoration. The Ti64 plate, in the control animal, fractured and dislocated shortly after being implanted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of stiffness-matched implants, by means of plate material (NiTi) and geometry (porosity) enhanced bone healing and promoted better load transfer to the healed bone when compared to the bulk Ti64 found in the fixation plate that the Control animal received. The design technique and screw orientation and depth planning improved throughout the study leading to more rapid healing. The large animal model reported here provides data useful for a follow-on clinical trial.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"23 1","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11515221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-24DOI: 10.1186/s12938-024-01292-2
Mike Grüne, Lena Olivier, Valerie Pfannschmidt, Matthias Hütten, Thorsten Orlikowsky, Andre Stollenwerk, Mark Schoberer
Background: In mechanically ventilated neonates, the arterial partial pressure of ( ) is an important indicator for the adequacy of ventilation settings. Determining the is commonly done using invasive blood gas analyses, which constitute risks for neonates and are typically only available infrequently. An accurate, reliable, and continuous estimation of is of high interest for medical staff, giving the possibility of a closer monitoring and faster reactions to changes. We aim to present a non-invasive estimation method for in neonates on the basis of end-tidal ( ) with inclusion of different physiological and ventilation parameters. The estimation method should be more accurate than an estimation by unaltered measurements with regard to the mean absolute error and the standard deviation.
Methods: Secondary data from 51 preterm lambs are used, due to its high comparability to preterm human data. We utilize robust linear regression on 863 measurements below or equal to 75 mmHg from the first day of life. along with a set of ventilation settings and measurements as well as vital parameters are included in the regression. Included independent variables are chosen iteratively by highest Pearson correlation to the remaining estimation deviation.
Results: The evaluation is carried out on 12 additional neonatal lambs with 246 measurements below or equal to 75 mmHg from the first two days of life. The estimation method shows a mean absolute error of 3.80 mmHg with a 4.92 mmHg standard deviation of differences and a standard error of 0.31 mmHg in comparison to measured by blood gas analysis.
Conclusions: The estimation of by the proposed equation is less biased than unaltered . The usage of this method in clinical practice or in applications like the automation of ventilation needs further investigation.
{"title":"Enhancing the estimation of PaCO<sub>2</sub> from etCO<sub>2</sub> during ventilation through non-invasive parameters in the ovine model.","authors":"Mike Grüne, Lena Olivier, Valerie Pfannschmidt, Matthias Hütten, Thorsten Orlikowsky, Andre Stollenwerk, Mark Schoberer","doi":"10.1186/s12938-024-01292-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-024-01292-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In mechanically ventilated neonates, the arterial partial pressure of <math><msub><mtext>CO</mtext> <mn>2</mn></msub> </math> ( <math><msub><mtext>PaCO</mtext> <mn>2</mn></msub> </math> ) is an important indicator for the adequacy of ventilation settings. Determining the <math><msub><mtext>PaCO</mtext> <mn>2</mn></msub> </math> is commonly done using invasive blood gas analyses, which constitute risks for neonates and are typically only available infrequently. An accurate, reliable, and continuous estimation of <math><msub><mtext>PaCO</mtext> <mn>2</mn></msub> </math> is of high interest for medical staff, giving the possibility of a closer monitoring and faster reactions to changes. We aim to present a non-invasive estimation method for <math><msub><mtext>PaCO</mtext> <mn>2</mn></msub> </math> in neonates on the basis of end-tidal <math><msub><mtext>CO</mtext> <mn>2</mn></msub> </math> ( <math><msub><mtext>etCO</mtext> <mn>2</mn></msub> </math> ) with inclusion of different physiological and ventilation parameters. The estimation method should be more accurate than an estimation by unaltered <math><msub><mtext>etCO</mtext> <mn>2</mn></msub> </math> measurements with regard to the mean absolute error and the standard deviation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Secondary data from 51 preterm lambs are used, due to its high comparability to preterm human data. We utilize robust linear regression on 863 <math><msub><mtext>PaCO</mtext> <mn>2</mn></msub> </math> measurements below or equal to 75 mmHg from the first day of life. <math><msub><mtext>etCO</mtext> <mn>2</mn></msub> </math> along with a set of ventilation settings and measurements as well as vital parameters are included in the regression. Included independent variables are chosen iteratively by highest Pearson correlation to the remaining estimation deviation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The evaluation is carried out on 12 additional neonatal lambs with 246 <math><msub><mtext>PaCO</mtext> <mn>2</mn></msub> </math> measurements below or equal to 75 mmHg from the first two days of life. The estimation method shows a mean absolute error of 3.80 mmHg with a 4.92 mmHg standard deviation of differences and a standard error of 0.31 mmHg in comparison to measured <math><msub><mtext>PaCO</mtext> <mn>2</mn></msub> </math> by blood gas analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The estimation of <math><msub><mtext>PaCO</mtext> <mn>2</mn></msub> </math> by the proposed equation is less biased than unaltered <math><msub><mtext>etCO</mtext> <mn>2</mn></msub> </math> . The usage of this method in clinical practice or in applications like the automation of ventilation needs further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"23 1","pages":"104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11515479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multiphase information fusion and spatiotemporal feature modeling play a crucial role in the task of four-phase CT lesion recognition. In this paper, we propose a four-phase CT lesion recognition algorithm based on multiphase information fusion framework and spatiotemporal prediction module. Specifically, the multiphase information fusion framework uses the interactive perception mechanism to realize the channel-spatial information interactive weighting between multiphase features. In the spatiotemporal prediction module, we design a 1D deep residual network to integrate multiphase feature vectors, and use the GRU architecture to model the temporal enhancement information between CT slices. In addition, we employ CT image pseudo-color processing for data augmentation and train the whole network based on a multi-task learning framework. We verify the proposed network on a four-phase CT dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed network can effectively fuse the multi-phase information and model the temporal enhancement information between CT slices, showing excellent performance in lesion recognition.
{"title":"Four-phase CT lesion recognition based on multi-phase information fusion framework and spatiotemporal prediction module.","authors":"Shaohua Qiao, Mengfan Xue, Yan Zuo, Jiannan Zheng, Haodong Jiang, Xiangai Zeng, Dongliang Peng","doi":"10.1186/s12938-024-01297-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-024-01297-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiphase information fusion and spatiotemporal feature modeling play a crucial role in the task of four-phase CT lesion recognition. In this paper, we propose a four-phase CT lesion recognition algorithm based on multiphase information fusion framework and spatiotemporal prediction module. Specifically, the multiphase information fusion framework uses the interactive perception mechanism to realize the channel-spatial information interactive weighting between multiphase features. In the spatiotemporal prediction module, we design a 1D deep residual network to integrate multiphase feature vectors, and use the GRU architecture to model the temporal enhancement information between CT slices. In addition, we employ CT image pseudo-color processing for data augmentation and train the whole network based on a multi-task learning framework. We verify the proposed network on a four-phase CT dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed network can effectively fuse the multi-phase information and model the temporal enhancement information between CT slices, showing excellent performance in lesion recognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"23 1","pages":"103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11492744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142457166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/purpose: The use of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) as autologous stem cells for tissue repair and regenerative techniques is a significant area of global research. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of long-term in vitro culture on the multidifferentiation potential of hDPSCs and the potential molecular mechanisms involved.
Materials and methods: The tissue block method was used to extract hDPSCs from orthodontic-minus-extraction patients, which were then expanded and cultured in vitro for 12 generations. Stem cells from passages three, six, nine, and twelve were selected. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of stem cell surface markers, and CCK-8 was used to assess cell proliferation. β-Galactosidase staining was employed to detect cellular senescence, Alizarin Red S staining to assess osteogenic potential, and Oil Red O staining to evaluate lipogenic capacity. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes in DPSCs and investigate their potential mechanisms.
Results: With increasing passage numbers, pulp stem cells showed an increase in senescence and a decrease in proliferative capacity and osteogenic-lipogenic multidifferentiation potential. The expression of stem cell surface markers CD34 and CD45 was stable, whereas the expression of CD73, CD90, and CD105 decreased with increasing passages. According to the RNA-seq analysis, the differentially expressed genes CFH, WNT16, HSD17B2, IDI1, and COL5A3 may be associated with stem cell senescence.
Conclusion: Increased in vitro expansion induced cellular senescence in pulp stem cells, which resulted in a reduction in their proliferative capacity and osteogenic-lipogenic differentiation potential. The differential expression of genes such as CFH, WNT16, HSD17B2, IDI1, and COL5A3 may represent a potential mechanism for the induction of cellular senescence in pulp stem cells.
背景/目的:将人牙髓干细胞(hDPSCs)作为自体干细胞用于组织修复和再生技术是全球研究的一个重要领域。本研究旨在探讨长期体外培养对 hDPSCs 多分化潜能的影响以及潜在的分子机制:采用组织块法从正畸-拔牙患者体内提取 hDPSCs,然后在体外扩增培养 12 代。选取第 3、6、9 和 12 代的干细胞。流式细胞仪用于检测干细胞表面标记物的表达,CCK-8用于评估细胞增殖。β-半乳糖苷酶染色用于检测细胞衰老,茜素红 S 染色用于评估成骨潜能,油红 O 染色用于评估脂肪生成能力。进行了RNA测序(RNA-seq),以确定DPSCs中的差异表达基因,并研究其潜在机制:结果:随着通过数的增加,纸浆干细胞的衰老程度增加,增殖能力和成骨-成脂多分化潜能下降。干细胞表面标志物CD34和CD45的表达稳定,而CD73、CD90和CD105的表达则随着传代数的增加而减少。根据RNA-seq分析,差异表达基因CFH、WNT16、HSD17B2、IDI1和COL5A3可能与干细胞衰老有关:结论:体外扩增诱导了牙髓干细胞的细胞衰老,导致其增殖能力和成骨-成脂分化潜能下降。CFH、WNT16、HSD17B2、IDI1和COL5A3等基因的不同表达可能是诱导牙髓干细胞细胞衰老的潜在机制。
{"title":"A transcriptomic analysis of dental pulp stem cell senescence in vitro.","authors":"Jidong Xu, Mingchang Hu, Longfei Liu, Xuecheng Xu, Linlin Xu, Yu Song","doi":"10.1186/s12938-024-01298-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12938-024-01298-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/purpose: </strong>The use of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) as autologous stem cells for tissue repair and regenerative techniques is a significant area of global research. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of long-term in vitro culture on the multidifferentiation potential of hDPSCs and the potential molecular mechanisms involved.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The tissue block method was used to extract hDPSCs from orthodontic-minus-extraction patients, which were then expanded and cultured in vitro for 12 generations. Stem cells from passages three, six, nine, and twelve were selected. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of stem cell surface markers, and CCK-8 was used to assess cell proliferation. β-Galactosidase staining was employed to detect cellular senescence, Alizarin Red S staining to assess osteogenic potential, and Oil Red O staining to evaluate lipogenic capacity. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes in DPSCs and investigate their potential mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With increasing passage numbers, pulp stem cells showed an increase in senescence and a decrease in proliferative capacity and osteogenic-lipogenic multidifferentiation potential. The expression of stem cell surface markers CD34 and CD45 was stable, whereas the expression of CD73, CD90, and CD105 decreased with increasing passages. According to the RNA-seq analysis, the differentially expressed genes CFH, WNT16, HSD17B2, IDI1, and COL5A3 may be associated with stem cell senescence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increased in vitro expansion induced cellular senescence in pulp stem cells, which resulted in a reduction in their proliferative capacity and osteogenic-lipogenic differentiation potential. The differential expression of genes such as CFH, WNT16, HSD17B2, IDI1, and COL5A3 may represent a potential mechanism for the induction of cellular senescence in pulp stem cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"23 1","pages":"102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11488381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142457164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-12DOI: 10.1186/s12938-024-01294-0
Mohammad Hosseini Hooshiar, Asieh Mozaffari, Mareb Hamed Ahmed, Radhwan Abdul Kareem, Athmar Jaber Zrzo, Aseel Salah Mansoor, Zainab H Athab, Zahra Parhizgar, Parisa Amini
Peri-implantitis (PI), a pathological condition associated with plaque, affects the tissues around dental implants. In addition, peri-implant mucositis (PIM) is a precursor to the destructive inflammatory PI and is an inflammation of the soft tissues surrounding the dental implant. It is challenging to eradicate and regulate the PI treatment due to its limited effectiveness. Currently, there is a significant interest in the development and research of additional biocompatible materials to prevent the failure of dental implants. Nanotechnology has the potential to address or develop solutions to the significant challenge of implant failure caused by cytotoxicity and biocompatibility in dentistry. Nanoparticles (NPs) may be used as carriers for the release of medicines, as well as to make implant coatings and supply appropriate materials for implant construction. Furthermore, the bioactivity and therapeutic efficacy of metal NPs in peri-implant diseases (PID) are substantiated by a plethora of in vitro and in vivo studies. Furthermore, the use of silver (Ag), gold (Au), zinc oxide, titanium oxide (TiO2), copper (Cu), and iron oxide NPs as a cure for dental implant infections brought on by bacteria that have become resistant to several medications is the subject of recent dentistry research. Because of their unique shape-dependent features, which enhance bio-physio-chemical functionalization, antibacterial activity, and biocompatibility, metal NPs are employed in dental implants. This study attempted to provide an overview of the application of metal and metal oxide NPs to control and increase the success rate of implants while focusing on the antimicrobial properties of these NPs in the treatment of PID, including PIM and PI. Additionally, the study reviewed the potential benefits and drawbacks of using metal NPs in clinical settings for managing PID, with the goal of advancing future treatment strategies for these conditions.
{"title":"Potential role of metal nanoparticles in treatment of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis.","authors":"Mohammad Hosseini Hooshiar, Asieh Mozaffari, Mareb Hamed Ahmed, Radhwan Abdul Kareem, Athmar Jaber Zrzo, Aseel Salah Mansoor, Zainab H Athab, Zahra Parhizgar, Parisa Amini","doi":"10.1186/s12938-024-01294-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12938-024-01294-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peri-implantitis (PI), a pathological condition associated with plaque, affects the tissues around dental implants. In addition, peri-implant mucositis (PIM) is a precursor to the destructive inflammatory PI and is an inflammation of the soft tissues surrounding the dental implant. It is challenging to eradicate and regulate the PI treatment due to its limited effectiveness. Currently, there is a significant interest in the development and research of additional biocompatible materials to prevent the failure of dental implants. Nanotechnology has the potential to address or develop solutions to the significant challenge of implant failure caused by cytotoxicity and biocompatibility in dentistry. Nanoparticles (NPs) may be used as carriers for the release of medicines, as well as to make implant coatings and supply appropriate materials for implant construction. Furthermore, the bioactivity and therapeutic efficacy of metal NPs in peri-implant diseases (PID) are substantiated by a plethora of in vitro and in vivo studies. Furthermore, the use of silver (Ag), gold (Au), zinc oxide, titanium oxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>), copper (Cu), and iron oxide NPs as a cure for dental implant infections brought on by bacteria that have become resistant to several medications is the subject of recent dentistry research. Because of their unique shape-dependent features, which enhance bio-physio-chemical functionalization, antibacterial activity, and biocompatibility, metal NPs are employed in dental implants. This study attempted to provide an overview of the application of metal and metal oxide NPs to control and increase the success rate of implants while focusing on the antimicrobial properties of these NPs in the treatment of PID, including PIM and PI. Additionally, the study reviewed the potential benefits and drawbacks of using metal NPs in clinical settings for managing PID, with the goal of advancing future treatment strategies for these conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"23 1","pages":"101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11470642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142457167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}