Pub Date : 2022-05-10DOI: 10.1177/10998004221099556
Amin Dehghan Ghahfarokhi, E. Vosadi, H. Barzegar, V. Saatchian
Background Advances in the device and smartphone technology have resulted in a convenient option for providing physical activity strategies; this is especially important during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Objective The purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy of wearable and smartphone-based interventions to promote physical activity and improve quality of life and cardiovascular health outcomes among overweight/obese adults. Data sources We searched relevant databases up to 18 November 2021 for conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials lasting 4 or more weeks that investigated the impacts of wearables and smartphone applications on physical activity, quality of life and health outcomes. Results Twenty-six studies including 2373 participants were included. There was a significant pooled standard mean differences (SMD) for the comparison between intervention versus control in steps per day (SMD: 0.54; p = 0.0003), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (SMD: 0.47; p = 0.02), quality of life (SMD: 0.33; p = 0.0006), body weight (mean difference (MD), -1.61 kg; p = 0.009), and BMI (MD, -0.59 kg/m2; p = 0.04). There were no significant differences between the intervention and control groups for systolic and diastolic blood pressure and resting heart rate (all p > 0.05). Conclusion Our findings suggest that wearable and smartphone-based interventions are effective strategies in promoting physical activity and can provide a direct contact line to health professionals.
{"title":"The Effect of Wearable and Smartphone Applications on Physical Activity, Quality of Life, and Cardiovascular Health Outcomes in Overweight/Obese Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","authors":"Amin Dehghan Ghahfarokhi, E. Vosadi, H. Barzegar, V. Saatchian","doi":"10.1177/10998004221099556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10998004221099556","url":null,"abstract":"Background Advances in the device and smartphone technology have resulted in a convenient option for providing physical activity strategies; this is especially important during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Objective The purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy of wearable and smartphone-based interventions to promote physical activity and improve quality of life and cardiovascular health outcomes among overweight/obese adults. Data sources We searched relevant databases up to 18 November 2021 for conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials lasting 4 or more weeks that investigated the impacts of wearables and smartphone applications on physical activity, quality of life and health outcomes. Results Twenty-six studies including 2373 participants were included. There was a significant pooled standard mean differences (SMD) for the comparison between intervention versus control in steps per day (SMD: 0.54; p = 0.0003), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (SMD: 0.47; p = 0.02), quality of life (SMD: 0.33; p = 0.0006), body weight (mean difference (MD), -1.61 kg; p = 0.009), and BMI (MD, -0.59 kg/m2; p = 0.04). There were no significant differences between the intervention and control groups for systolic and diastolic blood pressure and resting heart rate (all p > 0.05). Conclusion Our findings suggest that wearable and smartphone-based interventions are effective strategies in promoting physical activity and can provide a direct contact line to health professionals.","PeriodicalId":8997,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":"24 1","pages":"503 - 518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45715272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-05DOI: 10.1177/10998004221095567
J. Smichenko, T. Shochat, A. Zisberg
Background Most studies performed in the hospital assess sleep using self-reports; few rely on actigraphy. Although wrist actigraphy is commonly used for sleep assessment in field studies, in-hospital assessment may be challenging and cumbersome because other more necessary monitoring devices are often attached to patients’ upper limbs; these may affect interpretation of wrist activity data. Placement on the ankle may be a viable solution. Objective To compare total sleep time (TST) and number of awakenings (NOA) using concomitant wrist and ankle actigraphy, as well as self-reports in a sample of older adult patients hospitalized in medical units. Methods This was a prospective observational study. Objective sleep data were collected using ankle and wrist actigraphy, and subjective data using sleep diary. Repeated measures mixed model analysis was performed, adjusting for age, gender, sleep medications, symptoms severity, interaction between types of measure, and night number. Results Twenty-one older adults (65+) wore ankle and wrist actigraphy devices and subjectively estimated sleep parameters for an average of (2.15 ± 1.01) nights, with 40 nights available for analysis. TST was lower for wrist than ankle actigraphy (F(2,87) = 7.92, p = .0007). Neither differed from self-reports. NOA differed between all types of measure (ankle, 8.58 ± 6.66; wrist, 15.49 ± 7.47; self-report, 1.81 ± 1.83; F(2,85) = 47.66, p < .001). No significant within-subject variations and no interaction between devices and repeated measures were found. Conclusions Despite differences between ankle and wrist assessments, all three methods provided consistent TST estimation within participants. Findings provide preliminary support for the use of ankle actigraphy for sleep assessment in hospital settings.
背景:大多数在医院进行的研究使用自我报告来评估睡眠;很少有人依靠活动描记术。尽管腕部活动记录仪在实地研究中通常用于睡眠评估，但住院评估可能具有挑战性和繁琐性，因为其他更必要的监测设备通常附着在患者的上肢上;这些可能会影响手腕活动数据的解释。放置在脚踝上可能是一个可行的解决方案。目的比较采用腕踝联合活动记录仪的老年住院患者的总睡眠时间(TST)、觉醒次数(NOA)及自我报告。方法前瞻性观察性研究。客观睡眠数据采用踝部和腕部活动记录仪采集，主观睡眠数据采用睡眠日记采集。进行重复测量混合模型分析，调整年龄、性别、睡眠药物、症状严重程度、测量类型之间的相互作用和夜间次数。结果21名老年人(65岁以上)佩戴踝部和腕部活动记录仪，主观估计睡眠参数平均为(2.15±1.01)晚，其中40晚可供分析。腕部TST低于踝部(F(2,87) = 7.92, p = 0.0007)。两者都与自我报告不同。不同测量方式的NOA差异较大(踝关节，8.58±6.66;手腕，15.49±7.47;自我报告，1.81±1.83;F(2,85) = 47.66, p < 0.001)。没有发现受试者内部的显著变化，也没有发现设备和重复测量之间的相互作用。结论:尽管踝关节和手腕评估存在差异，但所有三种方法在参与者中提供了一致的TST估计。研究结果为在医院环境中使用踝部活动记录仪进行睡眠评估提供了初步支持。
{"title":"Assessment of Sleep Duration and Number of Awakenings Based on Ankle and Wrist Actigraphy in Medical Hospitalized Older Patients","authors":"J. Smichenko, T. Shochat, A. Zisberg","doi":"10.1177/10998004221095567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10998004221095567","url":null,"abstract":"Background Most studies performed in the hospital assess sleep using self-reports; few rely on actigraphy. Although wrist actigraphy is commonly used for sleep assessment in field studies, in-hospital assessment may be challenging and cumbersome because other more necessary monitoring devices are often attached to patients’ upper limbs; these may affect interpretation of wrist activity data. Placement on the ankle may be a viable solution. Objective To compare total sleep time (TST) and number of awakenings (NOA) using concomitant wrist and ankle actigraphy, as well as self-reports in a sample of older adult patients hospitalized in medical units. Methods This was a prospective observational study. Objective sleep data were collected using ankle and wrist actigraphy, and subjective data using sleep diary. Repeated measures mixed model analysis was performed, adjusting for age, gender, sleep medications, symptoms severity, interaction between types of measure, and night number. Results Twenty-one older adults (65+) wore ankle and wrist actigraphy devices and subjectively estimated sleep parameters for an average of (2.15 ± 1.01) nights, with 40 nights available for analysis. TST was lower for wrist than ankle actigraphy (F(2,87) = 7.92, p = .0007). Neither differed from self-reports. NOA differed between all types of measure (ankle, 8.58 ± 6.66; wrist, 15.49 ± 7.47; self-report, 1.81 ± 1.83; F(2,85) = 47.66, p < .001). No significant within-subject variations and no interaction between devices and repeated measures were found. Conclusions Despite differences between ankle and wrist assessments, all three methods provided consistent TST estimation within participants. Findings provide preliminary support for the use of ankle actigraphy for sleep assessment in hospital settings.","PeriodicalId":8997,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":"24 1","pages":"448 - 458"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42829271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1177/10998004221098974
Cheng-Chen Chou, L. Chien, Mei-Feng Lin, Chi-Jane Wang, Ping-Yen Liu
Background:Hypertension is prevalent in older women and is associated with increased cognitive impairment. Exercise has demonstrated beneficial effects on cognitive function, but the impact of exercise on older hypertensive women remains unclear. We investigated the effects of an aerobic walking program on memory, subjective cognitive complaints, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in older hypertensive women. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a pretest–posttest design was conducted. Older hypertensive women were randomly assigned to the aerobic walking group or a control group with routine care. The intervention group received a 24-week aerobic walking program. Data were collected at baseline and 24 weeks after enrollment. Participants’ characteristics, memory, subjective cognitive complaints, and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor were analyzed. Results: The aerobic walking group (n = 30) reported improvements in total recall, delayed recall, and subjective cognitive impairment after 24 weeks of aerobic walking. Compared to the control group (n = 28), the aerobic walking group showed significantly greater improvement in delayed recall at 24 weeks. However, aerobic walking had no significant effect on subjective cognitive complaints or brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Conclusion: The aerobic walking training significantly improved memory performance among older women with hypertension. A longer randomized controlled trial with a larger sample is necessary to confirm and further explore the effects of this intervention.
{"title":"Effects of Aerobic Walking on Memory, Subjective Cognitive Complaints, and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Among Older Hypertensive Women","authors":"Cheng-Chen Chou, L. Chien, Mei-Feng Lin, Chi-Jane Wang, Ping-Yen Liu","doi":"10.1177/10998004221098974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10998004221098974","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Hypertension is prevalent in older women and is associated with increased cognitive impairment. Exercise has demonstrated beneficial effects on cognitive function, but the impact of exercise on older hypertensive women remains unclear. We investigated the effects of an aerobic walking program on memory, subjective cognitive complaints, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in older hypertensive women. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a pretest–posttest design was conducted. Older hypertensive women were randomly assigned to the aerobic walking group or a control group with routine care. The intervention group received a 24-week aerobic walking program. Data were collected at baseline and 24 weeks after enrollment. Participants’ characteristics, memory, subjective cognitive complaints, and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor were analyzed. Results: The aerobic walking group (n = 30) reported improvements in total recall, delayed recall, and subjective cognitive impairment after 24 weeks of aerobic walking. Compared to the control group (n = 28), the aerobic walking group showed significantly greater improvement in delayed recall at 24 weeks. However, aerobic walking had no significant effect on subjective cognitive complaints or brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Conclusion: The aerobic walking training significantly improved memory performance among older women with hypertension. A longer randomized controlled trial with a larger sample is necessary to confirm and further explore the effects of this intervention.","PeriodicalId":8997,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":"24 1","pages":"484 - 492"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49280544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-03DOI: 10.1177/10998004221099573
K. Hejazi, F. Ferrari
Background The prevalence of obesity among children as well as the beneficial effects of physical exercise (PE) on weight loss has been determined by modulating the secretory factors of adipose tissue. PE has also been shown to have beneficial effects on obesity. Objective The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effects of physical exercise (PE) on adiponectin and other important health markers in children. Data sources We searched 6 electronic databases (PubMed/Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Cinahl, Scopus, and Web of Science) and Google Scholar for randomized controlled trials from inception to December 15, 2021. We used random-effects models to estimate weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Study selection Fourteen studies were included (N = 468 participants; mean age: 14 years). Results In general, PE increased adiponectin (WMD: 0.91 µg/mL; 95% CI, 0.27 to 1.55, p = 0.005), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (WMD: 1.01 mg/dL; 95% CI, 0.33 to 1.69, p = 0.004), and VO2max (WMD: 2.52 mL.kg.min; 95% CI, 1.41 to 3.62, p = 0.00,001). The levels of c-reactive protein (WMD: -0.37 mg/L; 95% CI, -0.57 to -0.17, p = 0.0003), insulin (WMD: -4.61 μIU/ml; 95% CI, -5.46 to -3.76, p = 0.00,001), fasting glucose (WMD: -5.11 mg/dL; 95% CI, -7.88 to -2.34, p = 0.0003), and insulin resistance index (WMD: -1.44; 95% CI, -1.92 to -0.96, p = 0.00,001), decreased significantly. Conclusion Our study showed that PE may increase the level of adiponectin, HDL-C, and VO2max in children.
儿童肥胖的患病率以及体育锻炼(PE)对减肥的有益作用已经通过调节脂肪组织的分泌因子来确定。体育锻炼也被证明对肥胖有好处。本系统综述和荟萃分析的目的是探讨体育锻炼(PE)对儿童脂联素和其他重要健康指标的影响。我们检索了6个电子数据库(PubMed/Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Cinahl, Scopus和Web of Science)和谷歌Scholar，从开始到2021年12月15日进行随机对照试验。我们使用随机效应模型以95%置信区间(CI)估计加权平均差(WMD)。研究选择纳入14项研究(N = 468名受试者;平均年龄:14岁)。结果PE总体上增加脂联素(WMD: 0.91µg/mL;95% CI, 0.27 ~ 1.55, p = 0.005)，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C) (WMD: 1.01 mg/dL;95% CI, 0.33 ~ 1.69, p = 0.004)， VO2max (WMD: 2.52 mL.kg.min;95% CI, 1.41 ~ 3.62, p = 0.00001)。c反应蛋白(WMD: -0.37 mg/L;95% CI， -0.57 ~ -0.17, p = 0.0003)，胰岛素(WMD: -4.61 μIU/ml;95% CI， -5.46 ~ -3.76, p = 0.00001)，空腹血糖(WMD: -5.11 mg/dL;95% CI， -7.88 ~ -2.34, p = 0.0003)和胰岛素抵抗指数(WMD: -1.44;95% CI， -1.92 ~ -0.96, p = 0.00001)，显著下降。结论PE可提高儿童脂联素、HDL-C和VO2max水平。
{"title":"Effects of Physical Exercise on Cardiometabolic Biomarkers and Inflammatory Markers in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","authors":"K. Hejazi, F. Ferrari","doi":"10.1177/10998004221099573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10998004221099573","url":null,"abstract":"Background The prevalence of obesity among children as well as the beneficial effects of physical exercise (PE) on weight loss has been determined by modulating the secretory factors of adipose tissue. PE has also been shown to have beneficial effects on obesity. Objective The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effects of physical exercise (PE) on adiponectin and other important health markers in children. Data sources We searched 6 electronic databases (PubMed/Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Cinahl, Scopus, and Web of Science) and Google Scholar for randomized controlled trials from inception to December 15, 2021. We used random-effects models to estimate weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Study selection Fourteen studies were included (N = 468 participants; mean age: 14 years). Results In general, PE increased adiponectin (WMD: 0.91 µg/mL; 95% CI, 0.27 to 1.55, p = 0.005), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (WMD: 1.01 mg/dL; 95% CI, 0.33 to 1.69, p = 0.004), and VO2max (WMD: 2.52 mL.kg.min; 95% CI, 1.41 to 3.62, p = 0.00,001). The levels of c-reactive protein (WMD: -0.37 mg/L; 95% CI, -0.57 to -0.17, p = 0.0003), insulin (WMD: -4.61 μIU/ml; 95% CI, -5.46 to -3.76, p = 0.00,001), fasting glucose (WMD: -5.11 mg/dL; 95% CI, -7.88 to -2.34, p = 0.0003), and insulin resistance index (WMD: -1.44; 95% CI, -1.92 to -0.96, p = 0.00,001), decreased significantly. Conclusion Our study showed that PE may increase the level of adiponectin, HDL-C, and VO2max in children.","PeriodicalId":8997,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":"24 1","pages":"519 - 529"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47653336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background Pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity are negatively associated with delayed onset of lactogenesis II (OL), but the mechanisms by which these conditions affect OL are still unclear. Objectives To identify biological factors related to pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and determine whether these biological factors were associated with delayed OL in this population. Methods In this prospective observational study, we assigned 72 primipara to a pre-pregnancy overweight/obese group (n = 36) and a normal-weight group (n = 36). Blood samples were collected at 37 w of gestation and 48 h postpartum and assayed for levels of the following hormones: leptin, insulin, estradiol, prolactin (PRL), progesterone, and oxytocin. The primary outcome was timing of OL, estimated by maternal perception of breast fullness. We used linear-regression analysis to determine associations between hormones and delayed OL. Results Sixty-three participants (87.5%) had complete data. OL occurred later in overweight/obese than in normal-weight women (p < .001). Compared with the normal-weight group, the overweight/obese group showed higher leptin levels at both times of observation and exhibited a slower drop in estrogen concentrations from 37 w of gestation to 48 h postpartum (all p < .05). After adjusting for confounding factors, leptin concentrations in late pregnancy and the magnitudes of decline in estrogen concentrations at 48 h postpartum were correlated with OL. Conclusion Women who were overweight/obese before pregnancy had elevated leptin levels in late pregnancy and a delayed decline in estrogen concentrations at 48 h postpartum. Both of these phenomena were related to delayed OL in this population.
{"title":"Role of Perinatal Biological Factors in Delayed Lactogenesis II Among Women With Pre-pregnancy Overweight and Obesity","authors":"Ziqi Ren, Aixia Zhang, Jingjing Zhang, Rui Wang, Haiou Xia","doi":"10.1177/10998004221097085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10998004221097085","url":null,"abstract":"Background Pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity are negatively associated with delayed onset of lactogenesis II (OL), but the mechanisms by which these conditions affect OL are still unclear. Objectives To identify biological factors related to pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and determine whether these biological factors were associated with delayed OL in this population. Methods In this prospective observational study, we assigned 72 primipara to a pre-pregnancy overweight/obese group (n = 36) and a normal-weight group (n = 36). Blood samples were collected at 37 w of gestation and 48 h postpartum and assayed for levels of the following hormones: leptin, insulin, estradiol, prolactin (PRL), progesterone, and oxytocin. The primary outcome was timing of OL, estimated by maternal perception of breast fullness. We used linear-regression analysis to determine associations between hormones and delayed OL. Results Sixty-three participants (87.5%) had complete data. OL occurred later in overweight/obese than in normal-weight women (p < .001). Compared with the normal-weight group, the overweight/obese group showed higher leptin levels at both times of observation and exhibited a slower drop in estrogen concentrations from 37 w of gestation to 48 h postpartum (all p < .05). After adjusting for confounding factors, leptin concentrations in late pregnancy and the magnitudes of decline in estrogen concentrations at 48 h postpartum were correlated with OL. Conclusion Women who were overweight/obese before pregnancy had elevated leptin levels in late pregnancy and a delayed decline in estrogen concentrations at 48 h postpartum. Both of these phenomena were related to delayed OL in this population.","PeriodicalId":8997,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":"24 1","pages":"459 - 471"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43483281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-23DOI: 10.1177/10998004221094109
Lin Mei-Hsiang, Chen Ning-Hung, Ping-Ru Hsiao, Hsu Hsiu-Chin
Background: Being overweight or obese is regarded as crucial risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Objectives: This study aimed to determine the influencing factors of overweight and obese employees with OSA in high-tech workplaces. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed. A total of 491 overweight and obese participants were recruited from a large-scale electronics industry. The Chinese version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Epworth Sleep Scale, and a portable sleep monitoring device were used for data collection. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors affecting overweight and obese employees with OSA. This study was conducted from August 2019 to July 2020. Results: 60.5% of the overweight and obese participants were found to have OSA, of which 58.9% had mild and 18.5% had severe OSA, respectively. The results showed that age, neck circumference, snoring, and habitual drinking were the crucial factors affecting OSA. Remarkably, age and snoring times showed a significant correlation in predicting OSA of different severities. Neck circumference was an independent risk factor for moderate and severe OSA. Conclusion: More than 60% of the overweight and obese high-tech workplace employees were found to have OSA. We found that the older the age, the larger the neck circumference, a higher number of snoring instances, and drinking were important risk factors for predicting OSA in overweight high-tech employees. The healthcare providers should actively educate OSA-related information for employees in the workplace, and promote high-risk OSA groups to adopt screening based on at-home sleep apparatus.
{"title":"Factors Associated With Undiagnosed Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Overweight and Obese High-Tech Employees: A Multisite Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Lin Mei-Hsiang, Chen Ning-Hung, Ping-Ru Hsiao, Hsu Hsiu-Chin","doi":"10.1177/10998004221094109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10998004221094109","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Being overweight or obese is regarded as crucial risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Objectives: This study aimed to determine the influencing factors of overweight and obese employees with OSA in high-tech workplaces. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed. A total of 491 overweight and obese participants were recruited from a large-scale electronics industry. The Chinese version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Epworth Sleep Scale, and a portable sleep monitoring device were used for data collection. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors affecting overweight and obese employees with OSA. This study was conducted from August 2019 to July 2020. Results: 60.5% of the overweight and obese participants were found to have OSA, of which 58.9% had mild and 18.5% had severe OSA, respectively. The results showed that age, neck circumference, snoring, and habitual drinking were the crucial factors affecting OSA. Remarkably, age and snoring times showed a significant correlation in predicting OSA of different severities. Neck circumference was an independent risk factor for moderate and severe OSA. Conclusion: More than 60% of the overweight and obese high-tech workplace employees were found to have OSA. We found that the older the age, the larger the neck circumference, a higher number of snoring instances, and drinking were important risk factors for predicting OSA in overweight high-tech employees. The healthcare providers should actively educate OSA-related information for employees in the workplace, and promote high-risk OSA groups to adopt screening based on at-home sleep apparatus.","PeriodicalId":8997,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":"24 1","pages":"400 - 409"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44455052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-23DOI: 10.1177/10998004221090468
Eunsaem Kim, C. Bolkan, E. Crespi, J. Madigan
Hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) are an innovative way to measure chronic stress relying on a small sample of hair. To date, there are no studies that have studied HCC as a biomarker of chronic stress in individuals with dementia. Given the vulnerability to chronic stress in people with dementia, using HCC as an objective measure of physiological stress in those with dementia has potential to enhance our understanding of this population. The goal of this exploratory, multidisciplinary, pilot study was to establish feasibility of HCC testing in people with dementia as a biomarker of chronic stress. HCC was examined over a 6-month period to assess physiological stress response during a transition to memory care. Newly admitted memory care residents (n = 13, mean age = 82) were followed over 6 months. Residents’ hair samples and health information were collected at 3-month intervals. HCC levels significantly changed during the transition to memory care, which may reflect chronic physiological stress. Participants with frequent behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) had significantly lower HCC at baseline and exhibited a blunted cortisol reactivity at follow-up. Based on detected changes in HCC, participants likely experienced stress reactions during the transition to memory care, providing preliminary evidence that HCC may be a useful, non-invasive measure of physiological stress in this population. This approach may also be applied to understanding the significance of person-centered care environments on minimizing chronic stress for people with dementia.
{"title":"Feasibility of Hair Cortisol as a Biomarker of Chronic Stress in People With Dementia","authors":"Eunsaem Kim, C. Bolkan, E. Crespi, J. Madigan","doi":"10.1177/10998004221090468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10998004221090468","url":null,"abstract":"Hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) are an innovative way to measure chronic stress relying on a small sample of hair. To date, there are no studies that have studied HCC as a biomarker of chronic stress in individuals with dementia. Given the vulnerability to chronic stress in people with dementia, using HCC as an objective measure of physiological stress in those with dementia has potential to enhance our understanding of this population. The goal of this exploratory, multidisciplinary, pilot study was to establish feasibility of HCC testing in people with dementia as a biomarker of chronic stress. HCC was examined over a 6-month period to assess physiological stress response during a transition to memory care. Newly admitted memory care residents (n = 13, mean age = 82) were followed over 6 months. Residents’ hair samples and health information were collected at 3-month intervals. HCC levels significantly changed during the transition to memory care, which may reflect chronic physiological stress. Participants with frequent behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) had significantly lower HCC at baseline and exhibited a blunted cortisol reactivity at follow-up. Based on detected changes in HCC, participants likely experienced stress reactions during the transition to memory care, providing preliminary evidence that HCC may be a useful, non-invasive measure of physiological stress in this population. This approach may also be applied to understanding the significance of person-centered care environments on minimizing chronic stress for people with dementia.","PeriodicalId":8997,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":"24 1","pages":"388 - 399"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44992150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-19DOI: 10.1177/10998004221081044
Wanrui Wei, Kairong Wang, Jiyuan Shi, Zheng Li
Background Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE ε4) was shown to be a risk factor for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia. When coupled with sleep disturbance, APOE ε4 posed additional risks to cognitive impairment. But the literature on the association between sleep disturbance and the APOE ε4 status of persons who are cognitively impaired has not yet been systematically examined. Objectives To explore and synthesize the relationship between sleep disturbance and APOE ε4 status of adults with MCI and AD. Methods An integrative review was guided by Whittemore and Knafl’s methodology. Systematic searches identified studies with multiple sources published before May 20, 2021. A matrix and narrative synthesis was employed to organize and synthesize the findings. Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal tools (2020) were used to evaluate the quality of the selected studies. Results A total of 7 studies were included. APOE ε4 was associated with poor sleep quality in terms of the deterioration of nighttime total sleep time, 24-hour total sleep time, rapid eye movement, sleep efficiency, sleep latency, and wake after sleep onset in a population with MCI or AD. The interacted and adjusted relationship between sleep disturbance and APOE ε4 on the progression of cognitive decline was inconsistent. Conclusions There is evidence to support an association between sleep disturbance and APOE ε4 in individuals with cognitive impairment, but a further examination of the relationship between sleep parameters and APOE ε4 is warranted, especially as the causal or dose–response relationship remains unclear.
{"title":"The Relationship Between Sleep Disturbance and Apolipoprotein E ε4 in Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia: An Integrative Review","authors":"Wanrui Wei, Kairong Wang, Jiyuan Shi, Zheng Li","doi":"10.1177/10998004221081044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10998004221081044","url":null,"abstract":"Background Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE ε4) was shown to be a risk factor for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia. When coupled with sleep disturbance, APOE ε4 posed additional risks to cognitive impairment. But the literature on the association between sleep disturbance and the APOE ε4 status of persons who are cognitively impaired has not yet been systematically examined. Objectives To explore and synthesize the relationship between sleep disturbance and APOE ε4 status of adults with MCI and AD. Methods An integrative review was guided by Whittemore and Knafl’s methodology. Systematic searches identified studies with multiple sources published before May 20, 2021. A matrix and narrative synthesis was employed to organize and synthesize the findings. Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal tools (2020) were used to evaluate the quality of the selected studies. Results A total of 7 studies were included. APOE ε4 was associated with poor sleep quality in terms of the deterioration of nighttime total sleep time, 24-hour total sleep time, rapid eye movement, sleep efficiency, sleep latency, and wake after sleep onset in a population with MCI or AD. The interacted and adjusted relationship between sleep disturbance and APOE ε4 on the progression of cognitive decline was inconsistent. Conclusions There is evidence to support an association between sleep disturbance and APOE ε4 in individuals with cognitive impairment, but a further examination of the relationship between sleep parameters and APOE ε4 is warranted, especially as the causal or dose–response relationship remains unclear.","PeriodicalId":8997,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":"24 1","pages":"327 - 337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47689126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-18DOI: 10.1177/10998004221085986
Shurong Xu, Yan-juan Lin, Lingyu Lin, Yanchun Peng, L. Chen
Background: Accumulated studies have revealed that heart rates are associated with all-cause mortality in cardiac surgery patients, but the results remain controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the predictive value of increased perioperative heart rate for all-cause mortality after cardiac surgery. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases for studies from inception to October 11, 2021. Two researchers independently screened the studies. Titles, authors, publication years, and hazard ratios were extracted. We used a random-effects model to combine the HRs and 95% confidence intervals. Several subgroup analyses were conducted. Statistical significance was set at p < .05. Results: Eleven studies were included in the meta-analysis of 33,849 patients and 3166 (9.4%) deaths. The HR of higher perioperative heart rates was 2.09 (95% CI 1.53–2.86, p < .001, I2 = 81%). The HR with a 10-bpm increase in preoperative heart rate was 1.19 (95% CI 1.11–1.26, p < .001, I2 = 51%). Subgroup analysis showed patients with higher preoperative heart rates had an HR of 1.88 (95% CI 1.51–2.34, p < .001, I2 = 0%), and patients with a higher postoperative heart rate had an HR of 2.29 (95% CI 1.28– 4.09, p < .0001, I2 = 91%) compared to patients with lower postoperative heart rates. Conclusion: Increased perioperative heart rate is associated with all-cause mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
背景:积累的研究表明，心率与心脏手术患者的全因死亡率有关，但结果仍存在争议。本荟萃分析旨在评估围手术期心率升高对心脏手术后全因死亡率的预测价值。方法:我们检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和CINAHL数据库，检索从成立到2021年10月11日的研究。两名研究人员独立筛选了这些研究。提取题目、作者、出版年份和风险比。我们使用随机效应模型将hr和95%置信区间结合起来。进行了几个亚组分析。差异有统计学意义，p < 0.05。结果:11项研究纳入了33,849例患者和3166例(9.4%)死亡的荟萃分析。较高围手术期心率的HR为2.09 (95% CI 1.53 ~ 2.86, p < 0.001, I2 = 81%)。术前心率增加10 bpm的HR为1.19 (95% CI 1.11 ~ 1.26, p < 0.001, I2 = 51%)。亚组分析显示，术前心率较高的患者与术后心率较低的患者相比，HR为1.88 (95% CI 1.51-2.34, p < 0.001, I2 = 0%)，术后心率较高的患者的HR为2.29 (95% CI 1.28 - 4.09, p < 0.0001, I2 = 91%)。结论:心脏手术患者围手术期心率升高与全因死亡率相关。
{"title":"Predictive Value of Increased Perioperative Heart Rate for All-Cause Mortality After Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Shurong Xu, Yan-juan Lin, Lingyu Lin, Yanchun Peng, L. Chen","doi":"10.1177/10998004221085986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10998004221085986","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Accumulated studies have revealed that heart rates are associated with all-cause mortality in cardiac surgery patients, but the results remain controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the predictive value of increased perioperative heart rate for all-cause mortality after cardiac surgery. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases for studies from inception to October 11, 2021. Two researchers independently screened the studies. Titles, authors, publication years, and hazard ratios were extracted. We used a random-effects model to combine the HRs and 95% confidence intervals. Several subgroup analyses were conducted. Statistical significance was set at p < .05. Results: Eleven studies were included in the meta-analysis of 33,849 patients and 3166 (9.4%) deaths. The HR of higher perioperative heart rates was 2.09 (95% CI 1.53–2.86, p < .001, I2 = 81%). The HR with a 10-bpm increase in preoperative heart rate was 1.19 (95% CI 1.11–1.26, p < .001, I2 = 51%). Subgroup analysis showed patients with higher preoperative heart rates had an HR of 1.88 (95% CI 1.51–2.34, p < .001, I2 = 0%), and patients with a higher postoperative heart rate had an HR of 2.29 (95% CI 1.28– 4.09, p < .0001, I2 = 91%) compared to patients with lower postoperative heart rates. Conclusion: Increased perioperative heart rate is associated with all-cause mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.","PeriodicalId":8997,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":"24 1","pages":"379 - 387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48813426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1177/10998004211060561
Sungju Lim, Dumebi Nzegwu, Michelle L Wright
Purpose: The purpose of this review was to explore the effects of psychosocial stress from life trauma and racial discrimination on epigenetic aging.
Design: A systematic review of the last 10 years was conducted using four databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsychInfo, and CINAHL.
Methods: Articles were identified using the following terms: ([(DNA methylation) AND (epigenetic clock)] OR [(DNA methylation) AND (epigenetic age)]) AND (discrimination OR trauma)). Original research articles published in English measuring life trauma, post-traumatic stress, experience of discrimination, and epigenetic clocks or aging were analyzed using PRISMA guidelines.
Results: Ten articles met inclusion criteria. The study sample size ranged from 96 to 1163 and most study populations had a mean age under 50 and included predominantly White male participants. One study identified accelerated epigenetic aging associated with discrimination using Hannum's clock; 33% of studies evaluating life trauma reported epigenetic age acceleration using GrimAge or Horvath's clock; 25% of studies evaluating childhood trauma reported epigenetic age acceleration using Horvath's clock; and 71% of studies assessing post-traumatic stress observed epigenetic age acceleration with all clocks, while one study reported deceleration using Horvath's clock.
Conclusions: The experiences of life trauma, post-traumatic stress, and discrimination may be associated with accelerated epigenetic aging that can be consistently detected using different epigenetic clocks. Additional studies inclusive of diverse populations and other psychosocial stressors are needed.
Relevance: Nursing scholars and other health scientists who utilize epigenetic age acceleration to assess health risks may need to consider including psychosocial stressors in their studies as covariates.
目的:探讨生活创伤心理社会压力和种族歧视对表观遗传衰老的影响。设计:使用PubMed/MEDLINE、Web of Science、PsychInfo和CINAHL四个数据库对过去10年的研究进行系统回顾。方法:文章使用以下术语进行鉴定:([(DNA甲基化)和(表观遗传时钟)]或[(DNA甲基化)和(表观遗传年龄)])和(歧视或创伤))。用英文发表的原创研究文章测量生活创伤、创伤后应激、经历歧视、表观遗传时钟或衰老，并使用PRISMA指南进行分析。结果:10篇文章符合纳入标准。研究样本量从96到1163人不等，大多数研究人群的平均年龄在50岁以下，主要包括白人男性参与者。一项研究发现，使用汉纳姆时钟，加速表观遗传衰老与歧视有关;33%评估生命创伤的研究使用GrimAge或Horvath的时钟报告了表观遗传年龄加速;25%评估儿童创伤的研究报告使用Horvath的时钟显示表观遗传年龄加速;71%的评估创伤后应激的研究发现，所有时钟都在加速表观遗传年龄，而一项研究报告使用霍瓦特的时钟减慢了表观遗传年龄。结论:生活创伤、创伤后应激和歧视的经历可能与表观遗传老化加速有关，可以通过不同的表观遗传时钟一致地检测到。需要对不同人群和其他社会心理压力源进行更多的研究。相关性:利用表观遗传年龄加速来评估健康风险的护理学者和其他健康科学家可能需要考虑在他们的研究中包括社会心理压力源作为协变量。
{"title":"The Impact of Psychosocial Stress from Life Trauma and Racial Discrimination on Epigenetic Aging-A Systematic Review.","authors":"Sungju Lim, Dumebi Nzegwu, Michelle L Wright","doi":"10.1177/10998004211060561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10998004211060561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this review was to explore the effects of psychosocial stress from life trauma and racial discrimination on epigenetic aging.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A systematic review of the last 10 years was conducted using four databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsychInfo, and CINAHL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Articles were identified using the following terms: ([(DNA methylation) AND (epigenetic clock)] OR [(DNA methylation) AND (epigenetic age)]) AND (discrimination OR trauma)). Original research articles published in English measuring life trauma, post-traumatic stress, experience of discrimination, and epigenetic clocks or aging were analyzed using PRISMA guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten articles met inclusion criteria. The study sample size ranged from 96 to 1163 and most study populations had a mean age under 50 and included predominantly White male participants. One study identified accelerated epigenetic aging associated with discrimination using Hannum's clock; 33% of studies evaluating life trauma reported epigenetic age acceleration using GrimAge or Horvath's clock; 25% of studies evaluating childhood trauma reported epigenetic age acceleration using Horvath's clock; and 71% of studies assessing post-traumatic stress observed epigenetic age acceleration with all clocks, while one study reported deceleration using Horvath's clock.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The experiences of life trauma, post-traumatic stress, and discrimination may be associated with accelerated epigenetic aging that can be consistently detected using different epigenetic clocks. Additional studies inclusive of diverse populations and other psychosocial stressors are needed.</p><p><strong>Relevance: </strong>Nursing scholars and other health scientists who utilize epigenetic age acceleration to assess health risks may need to consider including psychosocial stressors in their studies as covariates.</p>","PeriodicalId":8997,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":"24 2","pages":"202-215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9096197/pdf/10.1177_10998004211060561.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9639242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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