Honey is a natural product that has many benefits,for living organism. The composition of honey is very diverse and depends on the type of honey and the region of origin. Bioactive compounds in honey including phenolics and flavonoids cause honey to having antioxidant activity. This study aims to identify honey bees, determine the chemical properties of honey based on the parameters of water content, acidity, and reducing sugar, and analyze the antioxidant activity and phenolic and flavonoid content of honey from Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park Riau and Prabumulih South Sumatra. The research using descriptive method were morphological identification of bees, testing parameters of honey bee chemical properties, DPPH antioxidant test to obtain IC 50 (Inhibition consenteration) values, total phenolic and flavonoid levels. The identified bees are Apis mellifera (from Riau) and A. dorsata (from Prabumulih). This essay showed that the determination of water content, acidity, reducing sugar, both honeys fulfill SNI 8664:2018 except the reducing sugar of A. dorsata honey bee. A. dorsata honey bee has antioxidant activity higher IC 50 value (590 mg/L) than A. mellifera honey (678 mg/L). Total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) of A. mellifera honey were 7.51 mg GAE/g and 0.06 mg QE/g, respectively higher than A. dorsata honey bee (3.35 mg GAE/g and 0.42 mg QE/g).
蜂蜜是一种天然产品，对生物体有许多益处。蜂蜜的成分多种多样，取决于蜂蜜的种类和原产地。蜂蜜中的生物活性化合物（包括酚类和类黄酮）使蜂蜜具有抗氧化活性。本研究旨在识别蜜蜂，根据含水量、酸度和还原糖等参数确定蜂蜜的化学特性，并分析廖内省武吉蒂加普鲁国家公园（Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park Riau）和南苏门答腊岛普拉布穆利（Prabumulih South Sumatra）蜂蜜的抗氧化活性、酚类和类黄酮含量。研究采用描述性方法，包括蜜蜂形态鉴定、蜜蜂化学特性参数测试、DPPH 抗氧化测试以获得 IC 50（抑制同意度）值、总酚和黄酮含量。经鉴定的蜜蜂为廖内省的蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）和普拉布穆利省的蜜蜂（A. dorsata）。该论文表明，除了 A. dorsata 蜜蜂的还原糖外，两种蜂蜜的含水量、酸度、还原糖的测定均符合 SNI 8664:2018。A. dorsata蜜蜂的抗氧化活性IC 50值（590 mg/L）高于A. mellifera蜂蜜（678 mg/L）。A. mellifera 蜂蜜的总酚（TPC）和黄酮（TFC）分别为 7.51 mg GAE/g 和 0.06 mg QE/g，高于 A. dorsata 蜜蜂（3.35 mg GAE/g 和 0.42 mg QE/g）。
{"title":"Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content of Honey Bee","authors":"Narti Fitriana, Risya Raisyah, Siti Nurbayti, Festy Auliaur Rahmah","doi":"10.24036/bsc.v7i2.125200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24036/bsc.v7i2.125200","url":null,"abstract":"Honey is a natural product that has many benefits,for living organism. The composition of honey is very diverse and depends on the type of honey and the region of origin. Bioactive compounds in honey including phenolics and flavonoids cause honey to having antioxidant activity. This study aims to identify honey bees, determine the chemical properties of honey based on the parameters of water content, acidity, and reducing sugar, and analyze the antioxidant activity and phenolic and flavonoid content of honey from Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park Riau and Prabumulih South Sumatra. The research using descriptive method were morphological identification of bees, testing parameters of honey bee chemical properties, DPPH antioxidant test to obtain IC 50 (Inhibition consenteration) values, total phenolic and flavonoid levels. The identified bees are Apis mellifera (from Riau) and A. dorsata (from Prabumulih). This essay showed that the determination of water content, acidity, reducing sugar, both honeys fulfill SNI 8664:2018 except the reducing sugar of A. dorsata honey bee. A. dorsata honey bee has antioxidant activity higher IC 50 value (590 mg/L) than A. mellifera honey (678 mg/L). Total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) of A. mellifera honey were 7.51 mg GAE/g and 0.06 mg QE/g, respectively higher than A. dorsata honey bee (3.35 mg GAE/g and 0.42 mg QE/g).","PeriodicalId":9003,"journal":{"name":"BioScience","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139308014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Prediction is frequently asserted to be the sine qua non of science, but prediction means different things to different people in different contexts. I organize and explain this diversity by addressing five questions. What does it mean to predict something? To answer this question, I describe concepts of prediction as prophecy, diagnosis, history, repeatability, and fate. What are we trying to predict? Here, I describe how predictions vary along several axes: general to specific, qualitative to quantitative, relative to absolute, point to range, and continuous to discontinuous. Where do predictions come from? In this case, I focus on deductive versus inductive reasoning. How do we test predictions? The answer here is not straightforward and I discuss various approaches and difficulties. How good are predictions? Not surprisingly, it depends on what is being predicted and how we judge success. Importantly, I do not espouse a “best” way to approach prediction but, rather, I outline its diverse manifestations so as to help organize practical thinking on the topic.
{"title":"Prediction in ecology and evolution","authors":"Andrew P Hendry","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biad083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad083","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Prediction is frequently asserted to be the sine qua non of science, but prediction means different things to different people in different contexts. I organize and explain this diversity by addressing five questions. What does it mean to predict something? To answer this question, I describe concepts of prediction as prophecy, diagnosis, history, repeatability, and fate. What are we trying to predict? Here, I describe how predictions vary along several axes: general to specific, qualitative to quantitative, relative to absolute, point to range, and continuous to discontinuous. Where do predictions come from? In this case, I focus on deductive versus inductive reasoning. How do we test predictions? The answer here is not straightforward and I discuss various approaches and difficulties. How good are predictions? Not surprisingly, it depends on what is being predicted and how we judge success. Importantly, I do not espouse a “best” way to approach prediction but, rather, I outline its diverse manifestations so as to help organize practical thinking on the topic.","PeriodicalId":9003,"journal":{"name":"BioScience","volume":"14 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136318333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"6000 wolves and 331,449,281 people: Can we coexist with other species if we do not abandon anthropocentrism?","authors":"Andrea Cardini, Eileen Crist","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biad094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad094","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9003,"journal":{"name":"BioScience","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134907149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William J Ripple, Christopher Wolf, Jillian W Gregg, Johan Rockström, Thomas M Newsome, Beverly E Law, Luiz Marques, Timothy M Lenton, Chi Xu, Saleemul Huq, Leon Simons, Sir David Anthony King
{"title":"The 2023 state of the climate report: Entering uncharted territory","authors":"William J Ripple, Christopher Wolf, Jillian W Gregg, Johan Rockström, Thomas M Newsome, Beverly E Law, Luiz Marques, Timothy M Lenton, Chi Xu, Saleemul Huq, Leon Simons, Sir David Anthony King","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biad080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad080","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9003,"journal":{"name":"BioScience","volume":"70 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135219927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adrian Fisher, Rafaela Tadei, May Berenbaum, James Nieh, Harry Siviter, James Crall, Jordan R Glass, Felicity Muth, Ling-Hsiu Liao, Kirsten Traynor, Nicole DesJardins, Roberta Nocelli, Noa Simon-Delso, Jon F Harrison
Abstract Over decades, pesticide regulations have cycled between approval and implementation, followed by the discovery of negative effects on nontarget organisms that result in new regulations, pesticides, and harmful effects. This relentless pattern undermines the capacity to protect the environment from pesticide hazards and frustrates end users that need pest management tools. Wild pollinating insects are in decline, and managed pollinators such as honey bees are experiencing excessive losses, which threatens sustainable food security and ecosystem function. An increasing number of studies demonstrate the negative effects of field-realistic exposure to pesticides on pollinator health and fitness, which contribute to pollinator declines. Current pesticide approval processes, although they are superior to past practices, clearly continue to fail to protect pollinator health. In the present article, we provide a conceptual framework to reform cyclical pesticide approval processes and better protect pollinators.
{"title":"Breaking the cycle: Reforming pesticide regulation to protect pollinators","authors":"Adrian Fisher, Rafaela Tadei, May Berenbaum, James Nieh, Harry Siviter, James Crall, Jordan R Glass, Felicity Muth, Ling-Hsiu Liao, Kirsten Traynor, Nicole DesJardins, Roberta Nocelli, Noa Simon-Delso, Jon F Harrison","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biad088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad088","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Over decades, pesticide regulations have cycled between approval and implementation, followed by the discovery of negative effects on nontarget organisms that result in new regulations, pesticides, and harmful effects. This relentless pattern undermines the capacity to protect the environment from pesticide hazards and frustrates end users that need pest management tools. Wild pollinating insects are in decline, and managed pollinators such as honey bees are experiencing excessive losses, which threatens sustainable food security and ecosystem function. An increasing number of studies demonstrate the negative effects of field-realistic exposure to pesticides on pollinator health and fitness, which contribute to pollinator declines. Current pesticide approval processes, although they are superior to past practices, clearly continue to fail to protect pollinator health. In the present article, we provide a conceptual framework to reform cyclical pesticide approval processes and better protect pollinators.","PeriodicalId":9003,"journal":{"name":"BioScience","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135367319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicole Shumway, Rose Foster, Brian Head, Pedro Fidelman
Journal Article Policy solutions needed for the future of coral reefs Get access Nicole Shumway, Nicole Shumway Centre for Policy Futures, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, AustraliaCentre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia E-mail: n.shumway@uq.edu.au https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3582-6841 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Rose Foster, Rose Foster Centre for Policy Futures, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, AustraliaT.C. Beirne School of Law, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Brian Head, Brian Head Centre for Policy Futures, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Pedro Fidelman Pedro Fidelman Centre for Policy Futures, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, biad092, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad092 Published: 19 October 2023 Article history Received: 04 September 2023 Accepted: 26 September 2023 Published: 19 October 2023
{"title":"Policy solutions needed for the future of coral reefs","authors":"Nicole Shumway, Rose Foster, Brian Head, Pedro Fidelman","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biad092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad092","url":null,"abstract":"Journal Article Policy solutions needed for the future of coral reefs Get access Nicole Shumway, Nicole Shumway Centre for Policy Futures, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, AustraliaCentre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia E-mail: n.shumway@uq.edu.au https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3582-6841 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Rose Foster, Rose Foster Centre for Policy Futures, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, AustraliaT.C. Beirne School of Law, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Brian Head, Brian Head Centre for Policy Futures, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Pedro Fidelman Pedro Fidelman Centre for Policy Futures, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, biad092, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad092 Published: 19 October 2023 Article history Received: 04 September 2023 Accepted: 26 September 2023 Published: 19 October 2023","PeriodicalId":9003,"journal":{"name":"BioScience","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135730274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal Article Response to Basile Get access Rick Bonney Rick Bonney Public Engagement in Science Program, the Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States Director Emeritus rickbonney@cornell.edu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7137-4542 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, biad090, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad090 Published: 12 October 2023
期刊文章对Basile的回应获取Rick Bonney Rick Bonney公众参与科学项目，康奈尔鸟类学实验室，康奈尔大学，伊萨卡，纽约，美国名誉主任rickbonney@cornell.edu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7137-4542搜索作者的其他作品:牛津学术谷歌学者生物科学，biad090, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad090出版日期:2023年10月12日
{"title":"Response to Basile","authors":"Rick Bonney","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biad090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad090","url":null,"abstract":"Journal Article Response to Basile Get access Rick Bonney Rick Bonney Public Engagement in Science Program, the Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States Director Emeritus rickbonney@cornell.edu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7137-4542 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, biad090, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad090 Published: 12 October 2023","PeriodicalId":9003,"journal":{"name":"BioScience","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135968124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal Article Is long-term ecological research being gentrified by citizen science? Get access Marco Basile Marco Basile Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, biad054, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad054 Published: 12 October 2023 Article history Received: 23 May 2023 Accepted: 26 May 2023 Published: 12 October 2023
长期生态研究正在被公民科学士绅化吗?获取Marco Basile Marco Basile瑞士联邦研究所WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland搜索作者的其他作品:Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, biad054, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad054发布日期:2023年10月12日文章历史收稿日期:2023年5月23日接收日期:2023年5月26日发布日期:2023年10月12日
{"title":"Is long-term ecological research being gentrified by citizen science?","authors":"Marco Basile","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biad054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad054","url":null,"abstract":"Journal Article Is long-term ecological research being gentrified by citizen science? Get access Marco Basile Marco Basile Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, biad054, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad054 Published: 12 October 2023 Article history Received: 23 May 2023 Accepted: 26 May 2023 Published: 12 October 2023","PeriodicalId":9003,"journal":{"name":"BioScience","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136012648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal Article Understanding and Interrupting Bias Get access Jessica L Cundiff Jessica L Cundiff Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, biad086, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad086 Published: 04 October 2023 Article history Received: 01 September 2023 Accepted: 01 September 2023 Published: 04 October 2023
期刊文章理解和中断偏见获取Jessica L Cundiff Jessica L Cundiff密苏里科技大学，Rolla，密苏里州，美国搜索作者的其他作品on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, biad086, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad086发布日期:2023年10月04日文章历史收稿日期:2023年9月01日接收日期:2023年9月01日发布日期:2023年10月04日
{"title":"Understanding and Interrupting Bias","authors":"Jessica L Cundiff","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biad086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad086","url":null,"abstract":"Journal Article Understanding and Interrupting Bias Get access Jessica L Cundiff Jessica L Cundiff Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, biad086, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad086 Published: 04 October 2023 Article history Received: 01 September 2023 Accepted: 01 September 2023 Published: 04 October 2023","PeriodicalId":9003,"journal":{"name":"BioScience","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135549266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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