Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.14312/2052-4994.2021-3
Sidy Ka, Dieng Mm, J Thiam, S. Dieng, Diallo Ac, D. Diouf, A. Dem
Background: The objective of this work completed at the Cancer Institute in Dakar is to report the results of inguinal lymph node dissection in cancers of the lower limb and of the lower genital tract. Methods: This is a retrospective study over a 10-year period. The parameters being studied are histological type, lymph node involvement, postoperative morbidity, recurrence, and survival. Results: 81 patients received surgery over a period of 7 years. The average age of our patients was 61. The sex ratio is 0.74 with 34 men and 47 women. There were 70 cases of cancer of the lower limbs (86%) and 11 cases of cancer of the vulva (14%). The most common histological type was squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with 41 cases (51%). Clinical inguinal involvement was noted in 58 patients (72.5%) with palpable lymph nodes. All vulvar cancer patients developed histologically positive nodes. Melanoma patients were more susceptible to developing positive nodes. In sarcoma there were more matches between clinical and histological positive nodes. No vascular and nerve damage was reported. The average length of hospitalization was 5 days, with 3 days being the shortest stay, and 40 days the longest stay. Local complications consisted of suture releases in 9 cases, and 6 surgical necrosis of the wound. A seroma was found with an average duration of 35 days in 69 patients (85%). Postoperative deaths occurred in 5 cases (6%), 1 after a renal failure, 1 due to thromboembolic disease, 1 due to sepsis, and 2 deaths occurred after patients experienced respiratory distress. Conclusion: After five years of follow-up care, no patient presented chronic sequelae after inguinal dissection, 7 patients (8.75%) had local recurrence, and 4 patients (7.7%) had lymph node metastases. We recorded 33 cancer-related deaths (41%). Chronic complications, including lymphedema are underestimated and require better assessment methods for prevention and treatment.
{"title":"Vulva and lower limb cancer: Results of inguinal lymph node staging on 81 cases","authors":"Sidy Ka, Dieng Mm, J Thiam, S. Dieng, Diallo Ac, D. Diouf, A. Dem","doi":"10.14312/2052-4994.2021-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14312/2052-4994.2021-3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The objective of this work completed at the Cancer Institute in Dakar is to report the results of inguinal lymph node dissection in cancers of the lower limb and of the lower genital tract. Methods: This is a retrospective study over a 10-year period. The parameters being studied are histological type, lymph node involvement, postoperative morbidity, recurrence, and survival. Results: 81 patients received surgery over a period of 7 years. The average age of our patients was 61. The sex ratio is 0.74 with 34 men and 47 women. There were 70 cases of cancer of the lower limbs (86%) and 11 cases of cancer of the vulva (14%). The most common histological type was squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with 41 cases (51%). Clinical inguinal involvement was noted in 58 patients (72.5%) with palpable lymph nodes. All vulvar cancer patients developed histologically positive nodes. Melanoma patients were more susceptible to developing positive nodes. In sarcoma there were more matches between clinical and histological positive nodes. No vascular and nerve damage was reported. The average length of hospitalization was 5 days, with 3 days being the shortest stay, and 40 days the longest stay. Local complications consisted of suture releases in 9 cases, and 6 surgical necrosis of the wound. A seroma was found with an average duration of 35 days in 69 patients (85%). Postoperative deaths occurred in 5 cases (6%), 1 after a renal failure, 1 due to thromboembolic disease, 1 due to sepsis, and 2 deaths occurred after patients experienced respiratory distress. Conclusion: After five years of follow-up care, no patient presented chronic sequelae after inguinal dissection, 7 patients (8.75%) had local recurrence, and 4 patients (7.7%) had lymph node metastases. We recorded 33 cancer-related deaths (41%). Chronic complications, including lymphedema are underestimated and require better assessment methods for prevention and treatment.","PeriodicalId":90205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research & therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72854590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-02DOI: 10.14312/2052-4994.2021-1
Taylor Ma, Bennett Cl, Schoen Mw, Hoque S
Throughout the last decade, utilization of machine learning has seen a sharp rise in fields such as computing, transportation, engineering, and medicine. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have demonstrated increased application due to their versatility and ability to learn from large datasets. The emergence of electronic health records has propelled healthcare into an era of personalized medicine largely aided by computers. This review summarizes the current state of ANNs as a predictive tool in medicine and the downfalls of reliance on a self-adjusting computer network to make healthcare decisions. Medical ANN studies can be grouped into three categories - diagnosis, classification, and prediction, with diagnostic studies currently dominating the field. However, recent trends show prediction studies may soon outnumber the remaining categories. ANN prediction studies dominate in fields such as cardiovascular disease, neurologic disease, and osteoporosis. Neural networks consistently show higher predictive accuracy than industry standards. But several pitfalls are preventing mainstream adoption. Clinicians often rely on situational pearls to make complex healthcare decisions, ANNs often do not account for intuitive variables during their analysis. Instead, ANNs rely on incomplete patient data and ‘black box’ computing to make decisions that are not completely transparent to the end-user. This has led to ‘runaway’ networks that may ultimately make inaccurate and harmful decisions. This review emphasizes the extensive potential of machine learning in medicine and the obstacles that must be overcome to utilize its full potential.
{"title":"Advances in artificial neural networks as a disease prediction tool","authors":"Taylor Ma, Bennett Cl, Schoen Mw, Hoque S","doi":"10.14312/2052-4994.2021-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14312/2052-4994.2021-1","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout the last decade, utilization of machine learning has seen a sharp rise in fields such as computing, transportation, engineering, and medicine. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have demonstrated increased application due to their versatility and ability to learn from large datasets. The emergence of electronic health records has propelled healthcare into an era of personalized medicine largely aided by computers. This review summarizes the current state of ANNs as a predictive tool in medicine and the downfalls of reliance on a self-adjusting computer network to make healthcare decisions. Medical ANN studies can be grouped into three categories - diagnosis, classification, and prediction, with diagnostic studies currently dominating the field. However, recent trends show prediction studies may soon outnumber the remaining categories. ANN prediction studies dominate in fields such as cardiovascular disease, neurologic disease, and osteoporosis. Neural networks consistently show higher predictive accuracy than industry standards. But several pitfalls are preventing mainstream adoption. Clinicians often rely on situational pearls to make complex healthcare decisions, ANNs often do not account for intuitive variables during their analysis. Instead, ANNs rely on incomplete patient data and ‘black box’ computing to make decisions that are not completely transparent to the end-user. This has led to ‘runaway’ networks that may ultimately make inaccurate and harmful decisions. This review emphasizes the extensive potential of machine learning in medicine and the obstacles that must be overcome to utilize its full potential.","PeriodicalId":90205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research & therapy","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77268578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.14312/2052-4994.2021-2
S. G, Kovács BZs, Somlyai I, P. A, Na Li, Puskás Lg
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for 84% of all lung cancer diagnoses. In advanced NSCLC, including adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, median survival time (MST) rarely exceeds 10-12 months. Reduced deuterium (D) concentration in water of tissue culture media and in drinking water for humans has shown a strong anticancer effect in previous investigations. In the present study, 1 parts per million (ppm) decrease of D-concentration every 8 hours resulted in reduced growth rate of the A459 lung cancer cell line in vitro, and the cell migration was also dose-dependently reduced. Retrospective study of 183 NSCLC patients consuming commercially available deuterium-depleted water (DDW) revealed a severalfold increase of MST, which was 149 months for 19 patients and 40 months for 110 patients, who started DDW-consumption at early or advanced stage, respectively. Interestingly, MST showed a significant difference by gender (107 months in females and 41.2 months in males). Application of DDW in combination with surgery plus other conventional therapies (68 patients) gave 149 months MST, while for DDW combined with chemotherapy only (48 patients) MST was 43.7 months. The present results support earlier data that integration of D-depletion to conventional therapies increases the efficacy of therapy, reduces relapse rate and increases MST.
{"title":"Deuterium depletion inhibits lung cancer cell growth and migration in vitro and results in severalfold increase of median survival time of non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving conventional therapy","authors":"S. G, Kovács BZs, Somlyai I, P. A, Na Li, Puskás Lg","doi":"10.14312/2052-4994.2021-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14312/2052-4994.2021-2","url":null,"abstract":"Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for 84% of all lung cancer diagnoses. In advanced NSCLC, including adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, median survival time (MST) rarely exceeds 10-12 months. Reduced deuterium (D) concentration in water of tissue culture media and in drinking water for humans has shown a strong anticancer effect in previous investigations. In the present study, 1 parts per million (ppm) decrease of D-concentration every 8 hours resulted in reduced growth rate of the A459 lung cancer cell line in vitro, and the cell migration was also dose-dependently reduced. Retrospective study of 183 NSCLC patients consuming commercially available deuterium-depleted water (DDW) revealed a severalfold increase of MST, which was 149 months for 19 patients and 40 months for 110 patients, who started DDW-consumption at early or advanced stage, respectively. Interestingly, MST showed a significant difference by gender (107 months in females and 41.2 months in males). Application of DDW in combination with surgery plus other conventional therapies (68 patients) gave 149 months MST, while for DDW combined with chemotherapy only (48 patients) MST was 43.7 months. The present results support earlier data that integration of D-depletion to conventional therapies increases the efficacy of therapy, reduces relapse rate and increases MST.","PeriodicalId":90205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research & therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85340356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-03DOI: 10.14312/2052-4994.2020-5
Hwang Cs, Bennett Cl, Aboulafia Dm
1Department of Medicine, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA 2College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA 3Visiting Investigator, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA 4Floyd and Delores Jones Cancer Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA 5Division of Hematology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA Open Access
{"title":"Unique challenges and the changing face of oncology during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond","authors":"Hwang Cs, Bennett Cl, Aboulafia Dm","doi":"10.14312/2052-4994.2020-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14312/2052-4994.2020-5","url":null,"abstract":"1Department of Medicine, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA 2College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA 3Visiting Investigator, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA 4Floyd and Delores Jones Cancer Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA 5Division of Hematology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA Open Access","PeriodicalId":90205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research & therapy","volume":"26 1","pages":"28-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78781110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-03DOI: 10.14312/2052-4994.2020-4
Lea Ma, C. Desbordes
The addiction of most cancer cells to the metabolism of glucose is well established. The metabolism by cancer cells of other saccharides is less well characterized. We have studied the impact of mono- and disaccharides on growth of human bladder and colon cancer cells. Substitution for glucose by other monosaccharides (fructose, galactose and mannose) resulted in similar growth in some cell lines, but growth was greatly diminished in others. HT29 colon cancer cells were the only cell line to have a substantial increased growth with trehalose. In those cell lines in which alkaline phosphatase activity could be induced after incubation with butyrate, induction was observed with any of the saccharides that were examined. For the Caco-2 and HT29 colon cancer cells, co-incubation with 2-deoxyglucose was more inhibitory for growth with fructose than with glucose as substrate. There was a similar situation with some bladder cancer cell lines (5637, HT1197 and RT4) whereas with other bladder cancer cells (HT1376, T24 and UM-UC-3) 2-deoxyglucose caused greater inhibition with glucose. It was apparent that maltose could enhance growth to an extent that was similar to that seen with glucose and was not seen with other disaccharides. The enhanced growth with maltose required maltase activity in serum added to growth medium. In conclusion, the stimulation of growth by saccharides exhibits considerable variability with different molecules.
{"title":"Variability in the metabolism of saccharides in bladder and colon cancer cell lines","authors":"Lea Ma, C. Desbordes","doi":"10.14312/2052-4994.2020-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14312/2052-4994.2020-4","url":null,"abstract":"The addiction of most cancer cells to the metabolism of glucose is well established. The metabolism by cancer cells of other saccharides is less well characterized. We have studied the impact of mono- and disaccharides on growth of human bladder and colon cancer cells. Substitution for glucose by other monosaccharides (fructose, galactose and mannose) resulted in similar growth in some cell lines, but growth was greatly diminished in others. HT29 colon cancer cells were the only cell line to have a substantial increased growth with trehalose. In those cell lines in which alkaline phosphatase activity could be induced after incubation with butyrate, induction was observed with any of the saccharides that were examined. For the Caco-2 and HT29 colon cancer cells, co-incubation with 2-deoxyglucose was more inhibitory for growth with fructose than with glucose as substrate. There was a similar situation with some bladder cancer cell lines (5637, HT1197 and RT4) whereas with other bladder cancer cells (HT1376, T24 and UM-UC-3) 2-deoxyglucose caused greater inhibition with glucose. It was apparent that maltose could enhance growth to an extent that was similar to that seen with glucose and was not seen with other disaccharides. The enhanced growth with maltose required maltase activity in serum added to growth medium. In conclusion, the stimulation of growth by saccharides exhibits considerable variability with different molecules.","PeriodicalId":90205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research & therapy","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77558355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-02DOI: 10.14312/2052-4994.2020-2
W. Changtao, M. Liu, D. Xiufang, Z. Yuan, Z. Chang, C. Jie, L. Junjie, T. Weizhong, Z. ChunYan
MiR-381-3p is involved in the occurrence and development of various tumors. However, its biological roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unknow. Here, we investigated the effects of miR-381-3p in HCC. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-381-3p in HCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues. Results showed that miR-381-3p was down-regulated in 94 cases of HCC tissues. Clinical characteristics analysis showed that miR-381-3p expression was associated with gender, CA199, tumor size and metastasis of HCC patients. The expression level of miR-381-3p in SMMC-7721 HCC cells was regulated by transfection, and the effects of miR-381-3p on the function of HCC cells were detected by MTT proliferation assay, transwell assay and wound healing assay. And results showed that miR-381-3p inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of SMMC-7721 HCC cells. Multiple databases were used to predict the target genes of miR-381-3p, and GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed on these potential target genes by DAVID online analysis. The databases predicted 854 possible target genes of miR-381-3p, and analyzed their enrichment in three aspects of biological process, cellular component and molecular function. The strongest enrichment of KEGG pathway is the signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells. miR-381-3p inhibits HCC cell proliferation, invasion and migration and may be a new therapeutic target for HCC.
{"title":"MiR-381-3p inhibits proliferation, invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"W. Changtao, M. Liu, D. Xiufang, Z. Yuan, Z. Chang, C. Jie, L. Junjie, T. Weizhong, Z. ChunYan","doi":"10.14312/2052-4994.2020-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14312/2052-4994.2020-2","url":null,"abstract":"MiR-381-3p is involved in the occurrence and development of various tumors. However, its biological roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unknow. Here, we investigated the effects of miR-381-3p in HCC. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-381-3p in HCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues. Results showed that miR-381-3p was down-regulated in 94 cases of HCC tissues. Clinical characteristics analysis showed that miR-381-3p expression was associated with gender, CA199, tumor size and metastasis of HCC patients. The expression level of miR-381-3p in SMMC-7721 HCC cells was regulated by transfection, and the effects of miR-381-3p on the function of HCC cells were detected by MTT proliferation assay, transwell assay and wound healing assay. And results showed that miR-381-3p inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of SMMC-7721 HCC cells. Multiple databases were used to predict the target genes of miR-381-3p, and GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed on these potential target genes by DAVID online analysis. The databases predicted 854 possible target genes of miR-381-3p, and analyzed their enrichment in three aspects of biological process, cellular component and molecular function. The strongest enrichment of KEGG pathway is the signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells. miR-381-3p inhibits HCC cell proliferation, invasion and migration and may be a new therapeutic target for HCC.","PeriodicalId":90205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research & therapy","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90378139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-03DOI: 10.14312/2052-4994.2020-1
D. Prada, J. Díaz-Chávez, O. Peña-Curiel, Marissa Vargas Ramírez, E. Colicino, C. Villarreal-Garza, P. Cabrera-Galeana, T. Castro-Belio, N. Reynoso, M. Andonegui, G. Navarro, León Dcd, Y. Villaseñor, A. López-Saavedra, C. Arriaga-Canon, Cortés Cc, C. Caro, G. Am, E. Bargalló, Herrera La
Background: Breast cancer is a major cause of cancer mortality worldwide. In Mexico, most cases are diagnosed in locally advanced stages, which is associated with a poor prognosis. Recent studies have suggested that 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) levels could be a prognostic marker in cancer. However, the role of 5hmC as a predictor of histopathological alterations in breast cancer have not been fully studied. Results: We evaluated samples from patients with breast cancer (N=141), with a mean age of 50.12 yrs. (standard deviation [SD]: 9,54 yrs.), tumors showed a mean diameter of 6.53 cm (SD: 3.06 cm) at diagnosis, most of the patients showed overweight or obesity (77.3%) and most of them were locally advanced stage (n=111). A statistically significant and negative correlation between 5hmC levels and age in ER/PR-negative tumors (β = -0.028, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: -0.045, -0.010, p-value = 0.005) and in triple negative tumors (β = -0.023, 95%CI: -0.044, -0.001, p-value = 0.046) was observed using mixed effects linear models. We also observed a negative correlation between 5hmC levels and an increased levels of cell proliferation markers, including Ki67 (r = -0.16, p-value < 0.01) and minichromosome maintenance complex component 2 [MCM2] (r = -0.21, p-value = 0.03). Finally, and using mixed effects models, we determined that the 5hmC level was an independent predictor of advanced histological grade in locally advanced breast cancer patients (β = -0.077, 95%CI -0.142, -0.011, p = 0.022). We did not observe differences associated with complete pathological response or free-relapse survival according to 5hmC level. Conclusions: This study suggests that low 5hmC may serve as potential marker of adverse histopathological characteristics in locally advanced breast cancer patients, highlighting its potential as a useful clinical biomarker.
{"title":"Low 5-hydroxymethylcytosine level is an independent predictor of high histological grade in locally advanced breast cancer","authors":"D. Prada, J. Díaz-Chávez, O. Peña-Curiel, Marissa Vargas Ramírez, E. Colicino, C. Villarreal-Garza, P. Cabrera-Galeana, T. Castro-Belio, N. Reynoso, M. Andonegui, G. Navarro, León Dcd, Y. Villaseñor, A. López-Saavedra, C. Arriaga-Canon, Cortés Cc, C. Caro, G. Am, E. Bargalló, Herrera La","doi":"10.14312/2052-4994.2020-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14312/2052-4994.2020-1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is a major cause of cancer mortality worldwide. In Mexico, most cases are diagnosed in locally advanced stages, which is associated with a poor prognosis. Recent studies have suggested that 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) levels could be a prognostic marker in cancer. However, the role of 5hmC as a predictor of histopathological alterations in breast cancer have not been fully studied. Results: We evaluated samples from patients with breast cancer (N=141), with a mean age of 50.12 yrs. (standard deviation [SD]: 9,54 yrs.), tumors showed a mean diameter of 6.53 cm (SD: 3.06 cm) at diagnosis, most of the patients showed overweight or obesity (77.3%) and most of them were locally advanced stage (n=111). A statistically significant and negative correlation between 5hmC levels and age in ER/PR-negative tumors (β = -0.028, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: -0.045, -0.010, p-value = 0.005) and in triple negative tumors (β = -0.023, 95%CI: -0.044, -0.001, p-value = 0.046) was observed using mixed effects linear models. We also observed a negative correlation between 5hmC levels and an increased levels of cell proliferation markers, including Ki67 (r = -0.16, p-value < 0.01) and minichromosome maintenance complex component 2 [MCM2] (r = -0.21, p-value = 0.03). Finally, and using mixed effects models, we determined that the 5hmC level was an independent predictor of advanced histological grade in locally advanced breast cancer patients (β = -0.077, 95%CI -0.142, -0.011, p = 0.022). We did not observe differences associated with complete pathological response or free-relapse survival according to 5hmC level. Conclusions: This study suggests that low 5hmC may serve as potential marker of adverse histopathological characteristics in locally advanced breast cancer patients, highlighting its potential as a useful clinical biomarker.","PeriodicalId":90205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research & therapy","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88103646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01Epub Date: 2019-12-03DOI: 10.14312/2052-4994.2019-3
J Edgardo Hernández, Ailyn González-Montiel, Jesús C Ceb Allos-Villalva, David Cantú, Salim Barquet, Anny Olivares-Mundo, Luis A Herrera, Diddier Prada
Background: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the fourth most common malignancy in women worldwide and the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries. The endometrioid subtype has an excellent prognosis with conventional treatment; however, recurrence reduces overall survival.
Objective: Describe the most relevant evidence regarding selected potential molecular biomarkers that may predict overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in EC.
Methods: An exhaustive search was performed in PUBMED with the search terms endometrial cancer, molecular biomarker, and survival. We selected original articles written in English about endometrial cancer, molecular biomarkers, and that included survival analysis published between January 2000 and December 2016.
Results: Several molecular prognostic biomarkers have been studied in terms of survival and therapeutic response in women with endometrial cancer; hormone receptors, microRNAs, and other molecules have emerged as potentially useful biomarkers, including HER2, p21, HE4, PTEN, p27, ANCCA, and ANXA2.
Conclusions: The use of biomarkers in the assessment of OS, RFS, and CSS requires large trials to expand our understanding of endometrial carcinogenesis. Several molecular markers are significantly associated with a high tumor grade and advanced clinical stage in EC and, therefore, could have additive effects when combined.
{"title":"Prognostic molecular biomarkers in endometrial cancer: A review.","authors":"J Edgardo Hernández, Ailyn González-Montiel, Jesús C Ceb Allos-Villalva, David Cantú, Salim Barquet, Anny Olivares-Mundo, Luis A Herrera, Diddier Prada","doi":"10.14312/2052-4994.2019-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14312/2052-4994.2019-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endometrial cancer (EC) is the fourth most common malignancy in women worldwide and the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries. The endometrioid subtype has an excellent prognosis with conventional treatment; however, recurrence reduces overall survival.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Describe the most relevant evidence regarding selected potential molecular biomarkers that may predict overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in EC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An exhaustive search was performed in PUBMED with the search terms endometrial cancer, molecular biomarker, and survival. We selected original articles written in English about endometrial cancer, molecular biomarkers, and that included survival analysis published between January 2000 and December 2016.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several molecular prognostic biomarkers have been studied in terms of survival and therapeutic response in women with endometrial cancer; hormone receptors, microRNAs, and other molecules have emerged as potentially useful biomarkers, including HER2, p21, HE4, PTEN, p27, ANCCA, and ANXA2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of biomarkers in the assessment of OS, RFS, and CSS requires large trials to expand our understanding of endometrial carcinogenesis. Several molecular markers are significantly associated with a high tumor grade and advanced clinical stage in EC and, therefore, could have additive effects when combined.</p>","PeriodicalId":90205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research & therapy","volume":"7 3","pages":"17-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8315102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39255194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-03DOI: 10.14312/2052-4994.2019-2
Lea Ma, E. Batista, L. Cué, C. Desbordes
Induction of alkaline phosphatase activity has provided a convenient marker for differentiation of colon cancer cells. The degree to which different histone deacetylase inhibitors induce alkaline phosphatase and dipeptidyl peptidase activities was compared in bladder and colon cancer cell lines. The objective was to determine whether bladder cancer cell lines that retain activities of the cell surface hydrolases exhibit regulatory effects similar to those previously observed in colon cancer cells. Effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors on growth and alkaline phosphatase and dipeptidyl peptidase activities were studied in three human colon cancer cells and three bladder cancer cell lines. Growth inhibition was observed with all the histone deacetylase inhibitors that were examined. There was variability in the induction of enzyme activity with different histone deacetylase inhibitors but when induction was observed it was greater for alkaline phosphatase than for dipeptidyl peptidase. The data suggested that regulation of alkaline phosphatase and dipeptidyl peptidase activities by histone deacetylase inhibitors can be similar in bladder and colon cancer cells. However, the functional role of the enzyme activities in bladderderived cells remains to be established.
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