BMC Ophthalmology最新文献

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the systemic pan-immune inflammatory value (PIV) in wet and dry cases of age-related macular degeneration.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with AMD between 2020 and 2025 were retrospectively identified. The participants were divided into the wet AMD, dry AMD, and control groups. Their complete blood count (CBC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride, and C-reactive protein data were obtained. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, monocyte-to-lymphocyte, platelet-to-lymphocyte, and neutrophil-to-HDL ratios were calculated. The PIV was calculated as follows: (neutrophil × platelet × monocyte/lymphocyte count). The central macular and subfoveal choroidal thicknesses were measured manually from the spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) images.

Results: Of the 72 cases included in the study, 25 were wet AMD, 26 were dry AMD, and 21 were controls. According to the statistical analysis, the white blood cell count (7.89 ± 1.82 vs. 6.66 ± 1.75), neutrophil count (5.02 ± 1.42 10⁹/L vs. 4.11 ± 1.35 10⁹/L), monocyte count (0.64 ± 0.16 10⁹/L vs. 0.49 ± 0.18 10⁹/L), and PIV (414.31 ± 268.02 vs. 270.33 ± 161.84) were higher in the wet AMD group than in the dry AMD group. The monocyte count (0.64 ± 0.16 10⁹/L vs. 0.49 ± 0.17 10⁹/L) and PIV (414.31 ± 268.02 vs. 270.13 ± 127.84) were higher in the wet AMD cases than in the control group. No statistically significant difference was found between the dry AMD and control groups.

Conclusion: In our study, the PIV was statistically significantly higher in the wet AMD group than in the dry AMD and control groups. Obtaining CBC data is a highly cost-effective and practical method for calculating PIV. PIV calculation can be helpful in the follow-up of patients with AMD, especially those at high risk of converting from dry AMD to wet AMD.

Background: To evaluate layer-by-layer retinal thickness, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) measurement, minimum rim width (MRW), and subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT) in clinically unilateral pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEXS), comparing affected, fellow and healthy eyes.

Methods: This research involved 65 eyes (PEXS and fellow eyes) of 65 unilateral PEXS patients and 80 eyes of 80 healthy controls. Heidelberg Spectralis optical coherence tomography (OCT) with Glaucoma Module Premium Edition (GMPE) software was used to assess layer-by-layer macular thickness [including macular nerve fiber layer (mNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), inner nuclear layer (INL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), outer nuclear layer (ONL), retina pigment epithelium (RPE)], pRNFL and MRW. CT was measured using EDI-OCT.

Results: The median age was 66.00 (62.00-73.00) years for PEXS group and 65.00 (60.00-69.75) years for healthy controls (p = 0.271). All of the 9 ETDRS macular regions of mNFL, GCL, IPL, INL, OPL, ONL, RPE thickness, pRNFL and BMO-MRW parameters were significantly lower in PEXS and fellow eyes than in control eyes (p < 0.05, for all). However, no significant differences were observed between PEXS and fellow eyes for most parameters. Subfoveal CT was lower in PEXS and fellow eyes than in control eyes (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: GMPE analysis demonstrated that PEXS and fellow eyes were related with lower layer-by-layer macular and pRNFL thickness, MRW and subfoveal CT compared to healthy eyes. Furthermore, fellow eyes showed a similar decreased thickness as PEXS eyes. Further research is warranted to clarify whether pseudoexfoliation independently increases risk for neural injury.

Background: Lacrimal punctum obstructive diseases are a frequent cause of persistent epiphora, leading to discomfort, impaired quality of life, and repeated clinic visits. Accurate and objective assessment of tear dynamics is essential for diagnosis and evaluation of surgical outcomes.

Objective: To evaluate tear fluid volume using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and correlate these objective parameters with surgical outcomes in patients undergoing procedures for punctal obstruction.

Methods: Fifty-two eyes from 34 patients with punctal stenosis or occlusion were evaluated with baseline symptom assessment (Munk score), fluorescein dye disappearance test (FDDT), and AS-OCT imaging of the lower tear meniscus (height, area, volume). Patients underwent snip punctoplastyS, Kelly-punch punctoplasty, or punctal dilatation with intubation. Follow-up assessments were performed at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively.

Results: AS-OCT imaging demonstrated significant reduction in tear meniscus parameters following surgery. Tear meniscus height decreased from 0.45 ± 0.12 mm to 0.30 ± 0.10 mm, and tear meniscus volume from 0.32 ± 0.15 µL to 0.20 ± 0.10 µL at 6 months (P < 0.001). Symptom burden improved markedly, with median Munk score decreasing from 3 [IQR 2-4] to 1 [0-1]. At 6 months, 82.7% achieved functional success and 88.5% achieved anatomical patency. Reduction in tear meniscus volume correlated strongly with improvement in Munk scores (r = 0.68, P < 0.001).

Conclusion: AS-OCT provides a rapid, reproducible, and non-invasive method for quantifying tear fluid dynamics. Objective reductions in tear meniscus parameters closely mirror symptomatic and functional improvement, validating AS-OCT as a reliable biomarker of surgical success in punctal obstructive disease.