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A New Record Of Oenothera Villosa (Onagraceae) In Poland 标题波兰野蔷薇属新记录
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/botlit-2015-0017
A. Pliszko, M. Woźniak-Chodacka
Abstract The paper presents data on a new locality of Oenothera villosa in north-eastern Poland. The species was discovered in the western part of Suwałki in 2013. Two individuals of this rare alien species were found growing in the former sand and gravel pit, where the town dwellers occasionally dump the garden waste. Distribution map of O. villosa in Poland, based on the ATPOL cartogram method, is provided.
摘要:本文介绍了在波兰东北部的一个新的地方奥诺瑟拉维拉萨的数据。该物种于2013年在Suwałki西部被发现。这种稀有外来物种的两个个体被发现生长在以前的沙砾坑里,城镇居民偶尔在那里倾倒花园垃圾。基于ATPOL制图方法,绘制了波兰扁蝽的分布图。
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引用次数: 0
Latent Cell Mortality After Short-Term Exposure Of Nitellopsis Obtusa Cells To Copper Oxide Nanoparticles 短时间暴露于氧化铜纳米颗粒后的隐性细胞死亡率
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/botlit-2015-0012
B. Gylytė, L. Manusadžianas, K. Sadauskas, R. Vitkus, S. Jurkonienė, R. Karitonas, R. Petrošius, G. Skridlaitė, J. Vaičiūnienė
Abstract The effects of 5 s–24 h exposure to CuO nanosuspension (nCuO) and CuSO4 on mortality of Nitellopsis obtusa cells within 48 days were investigated. Based on LED50 kinetics, a toxicological endpoint of lethal exposure duration that induces 50% cell mortality, it was shown that mortality response of 10-min treated cells (by 3.2 and 24–79.9 mg Cu/l, respectively CuSO4 and nCuO) did not differ after 12th day rewash in control medium. Larger amount of total Cu (in mg/g cell DM) was measured in charophyte cells exposed to nCuO (79.9 mg Cu/l) than to ionic Cu (3.2 mg Cu/l). The lower nCuO-induced mortality than that of Cu2+ during earlier rewash period could be related to the sorption of nanoparticles on the cell wall, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscope images and energy dispersive X-ray spectrum data. Effect threshold, the shortest exposure duration that induces cell mortality significantly different from the control during a post-exposure period, comprised 30 s in 24 mg Cu/l of nCuO, however, it could not be identified and was less than 5 s in 79.9 mg Cu/l of nCuO.
摘要本文研究了CuO纳米悬浮液(nCuO)和CuSO4暴露5 s-24 h后,对钝化Nitellopsis obtusa细胞48 d内死亡率的影响。根据LED50动力学(致死性暴露时间的毒理学终点,诱导50%的细胞死亡),结果表明,在对照培养基中重新冲洗12天后,处理10分钟的细胞(分别为3.2和24-79.9 mg Cu/l, CuSO4和nCuO)的死亡反应没有差异。nCuO (79.9 mg Cu/l)处理下的叶绿素细胞总Cu含量(mg/g细胞DM)高于离子Cu (3.2 mg Cu/l)处理下的叶绿素细胞。扫描电镜图像和x射线能谱数据证实,ncuo诱导的死亡率较Cu2+较低,可能与纳米颗粒吸附在细胞壁上有关。效应阈值,在24 mg Cu/l的nCuO浓度下,诱导细胞死亡的最短暴露时间为30 s,而在79.9 mg Cu/l的nCuO浓度下,诱导细胞死亡的最短暴露时间小于5 s。
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引用次数: 3
Gradient Of Genetic Diversity Of Erigeron Annuus In The Part Of Invasive European Range 欧洲部分入侵地雏菊遗传多样性梯度研究
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/botlit-2015-0011
Virginija Tunaitienė, D. Naugžemys, J. Patamsytė, D. Žvingila
Abstract Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. (Asteraceae) is native species to eastern North America, but has been introduced to Europe and many other temperate regions of the world. In order to assess the impact of spreading history and settlement time on the genetic diversity of invasive populations of E. annuus, individual plants were sampled from 16 populations located in Switzerland, Poland, Lithuania and Latvia along the south-northern expansion direction of this species in Europe. One population was collected in native range (New Brunswick, Canada). The analysis of ISSR polymorphism in 253 plants revealed 161 polymorphic bands. The highest genotype variation and genetic diversity parameters were revealed in the populations from Switzerland and Poland, the least – in Latvian populations. All 37 plants from Latvia were clones of the same genotype. The comparison of genetic diversity parameters of populations from different countries showed the decrease of genetic diversity on the south-north direction.
摘要Erigeron annuus (L.)珀耳斯。(菊科)是北美东部的原生物种,但已被引入到欧洲和世界上许多其他温带地区。为了研究黄杨的传播历史和定居时间对黄杨入侵种群遗传多样性的影响,本研究对分布在瑞士、波兰、立陶宛和拉脱维亚的黄杨在欧洲南北扩张方向的16个种群进行了取样。在加拿大新不伦瑞克省的原生地收集了一个种群。253份植物ISSR多态性分析共发现161个多态性条带。基因型变异和遗传多样性参数在瑞士和波兰人群中最高,在拉脱维亚人群中最低。来自拉脱维亚的37株植物均为同一基因型的无性系。不同国家群体的遗传多样性参数比较表明,遗传多样性呈南北递减趋势。
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引用次数: 4
First Findings Of Subterranean Gametophytes Of The Genus Diphasiastrum In Lithuania 立陶宛双花属地下配子体的首次发现
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/botlit-2015-0016
Radvilė Rimgailė-Voicik, J. Naujalis
Abstract Gametophytes of the genus Diphasiastrum sp. were recorded for the first time in Lithuania. The occurrence rates, morphological features were described, illustrated and discussed. Voucher specimens are deposited at Vilnius University Herbarium (WI).
摘要在立陶宛首次记录到双宫属配子体。对其发生率、形态特征进行了描述、说明和讨论。代金券标本存放在维尔纽斯大学植物标本室。
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引用次数: 2
Contribution To The Lichen Flora Of South East Greenland. III. The Coastal Area Between 63° And 65° N 对格陵兰岛东南部地衣区系的贡献。3。北纬63°至65°之间的沿海地区
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/botlit-2015-0014
E. Hansen
Abstract The paper lists 95 lichen taxa from the coastal area between 63° and 65° N in South East Greenland. Of these, 46 lichens were recorded for the first time from the area. Lecanora symmicta and Ochrolechia tartarea are new to East Greenland. Acarospora badiofusca, Aspicilia annulata and Parmeliella triptophylla are new to South East Greenland.
摘要本文列出了格陵兰岛东南部63°~ 65°N沿海地区的95个地衣类群。其中46种地衣为首次在该地区发现。东格陵兰岛是新发现的半盲紫背蝗和鞑靼紫背蝗。黑藻粉孢、环孢霉和雷公藤是格陵兰岛东南部的新物种。
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引用次数: 3
Desmid Flora Of Aukštumala Raised Bog (Nemunas River Delta, Western Lithuania) Aukštumala凸起沼泽的植物群(立陶宛西部Nemunas河三角洲)
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/botlit-2015-0019
Rima Briškaitė
Abstract Desmid algae from three families, 17 genera were registered in the investigated habitats of the Aukštumala Telmological Reserve. A total of 56 desmid algae taxa (50 species and six varieties) were recorded. Species of the Desmidiaceae family dominated. They comprised 73% of all desmid species found. Mesotaniaceae and Closteriaceae comprised 16% and 11%, respectively. The highest diversity was discovered in the samples collected on the margins of the pools (45 species) and in the wet hollows with Sphagnum cover (35 species). Most species were found in the samples collected in August (36 species) or in March and June (25 and 28 species, respectively). The seasonal and spatial distribution of desmid algae species was observed.
摘要/ Abstract摘要:在Aukštumala末端保护区调查生境中,共记录到3科17属的底粒藻。共记录到56个尖粒藻分类群(50种6变种)。菊科植物占主导地位。它们占发现的所有desmid物种的73%。Mesotaniaceae和Closteriaceae分别占16%和11%。在水池边缘(45种)和覆盖泥藻土的湿洼地(35种)采集的样本多样性最高。以8月(36种)、3月和6月(分别为25种和28种)采集的标本居多。观察了黄藻种类的季节分布和空间分布。
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引用次数: 0
Cyanobacteria Diversity In Kamanos Raised Bog (North-West Lithuania) 立陶宛西北部卡马诺斯沼泽蓝藻多样性研究
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/botlit-2015-0018
J. Koreivienė, J. Kasperovičienė, J. Karosienė
Abstract The current study summarised the diversity of cyanobacteria found in various habitats of the second largest raised bog of Lithuania. A total of 56 cyanobacteria species that comprise 19% of all phycoflora diversity in Kamanos raised bog were recorded. Species from the Chroococcales (32 species) order and the Chroococcus (7), Aphanothece (7) genera were the most numerous. Twenty one cyanobacteria species were found in Lithuania for the first time. Most of species recorded in Kamanos raised bog were cosmopolite or distributed in temperate zone. One third of the species were characteristic particularly of the peat bogs. Thirty nine species of cyanobacteria were specific to the particular water body and occurred only in 1–3 of the studied localities. Only five species, i.e. Chroococcus turgidus, Aphanocapsa grevillei, Aphanothece elabens, Cyanosarcina sp. and Hapalosiphon sp. were common. Peculiarities of the habitat were the most important drivers determining species richness and composition of cyanobacteria in a particular locality.
目前的研究总结了在立陶宛第二大沼泽的各种栖息地中发现的蓝藻的多样性。总共记录了56种蓝藻,占Kamanos养殖沼泽所有藻群多样性的19%。藻球菌目(32种)和藻球菌属(7种)以藻球菌属(7种)最多。在立陶宛首次发现21种蓝藻。卡马诺斯沼地所记录到的物种大部分是世界性的或分布在温带。三分之一的物种是泥炭沼泽特有的。39种蓝藻是特定水体的,只出现在1-3个研究地点。仅有5种常见,分别为:肿红双球菌(choococcus turgidus)、绿绿双球菌(Aphanocapsa grevillei)、绿绿双球菌(Aphanothece elabens)、蓝藻双球菌(Cyanosarcina sp.)和Hapalosiphon sp.。生境的特殊性是决定特定地区蓝藻物种丰富度和组成的最重要驱动因素。
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引用次数: 2
Notes On Alien Plant Species Amorpha Fruticosa New To Lithuania 立陶宛新外来植物紫穗槐注释
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/botlit-2015-0020
Z. Gudžinskas, Egidijus Žalneravičius
Abstract Woody plant species in recent decades have increasingly often been recorded escaped from cultivation and naturalized. In 2013, a new alien woody species Amorpha fruticosa L. (Fabaceae) was first found in Lithuania. In several Central European countries, A. fruticosa is recognized as invasive species that pose serious threat to natural habitats and ecosystems. To date, A. fruticosa has been registered in three localities in Lithuania: two populations in Ukmergė district and one population in Prienai district. Considering the present state of revealed A. fruticosa populations, it is concluded that this species in Lithuania is already naturalized and potentially invasive. Estimated total area occupied by A. fruticosa in three known localities is about 0.2 ha. In certain areas this species can become abundant and invade significant areas of meadow, forest-edge and other open habitats. Therefore, its immediate control and subsequent eradication can reduce risk of future invasion. Cultivation of A. fruticosa should be forbidden outside the ornamental plantations.
摘要近几十年来,木本植物从栽培中逃逸归化的现象越来越多。2013年,立陶宛首次发现外来木本新种紫穗槐(Amorpha fruticosa L.,豆科)。在一些中欧国家,果蚜被认为是对自然栖息地和生态系统构成严重威胁的入侵物种。迄今为止,已在立陶宛的三个地方登记了果蚜:乌克梅吉乌地区的两个种群和普里埃奈地区的一个种群。考虑到目前已发现的猕猴桃种群的现状,我们认为该物种在立陶宛已经归化并具有潜在的入侵性。据估计,在三个已知的地点,果蚜占据的总面积约为0.2公顷。在某些地区,这种物种可以变得丰富,并入侵草地,森林边缘和其他开放栖息地的重要区域。因此,立即控制和随后的根除可以减少未来入侵的风险。在观赏人工林之外,应禁止种植金合欢。
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引用次数: 7
Distribution Of Two Invasive Goldenrod Species Solidago Canadensis And S. Gigantea In Lithuania 两种入侵黄花植物加拿大一枝黄花和巨型黄花在立陶宛的分布
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/botlit-2015-0015
B. Karpavičienė, J. Radušienė, Julija Viltrakytė
Abstract Two North American goldenrods, Solidago canadensis and S. gigantea, are listed among invasive species posing the greatest threat to species and ecosystems in Europe. Distribution of non-native goldenrods in Lithuania was studied during field trips conducted in 2012–2015 with additional usage of herbarium data. To date, S. canadensis occurs frequently, especially in the eastern part of the country, being the most abundant in Vilnius city, Tauragė district, Vilnius district and Pagėgiai municipalities. S. gigantea occurs frequently in the southern part of the country with the highest abundance in Kazlų Rūda municipality. A total area invaded by S. canadensis amounts to 1702 ha, and by S. gigantea – 411.5 ha. Both species occur mostly in abandoned fields and on roadsides, in communities of ruderal plants of the class Artemisietea vulgaris. The current distribution of S. canadensis and S. gigantea in Lithuania and their competitive potential suggest that these two species are likely to become more common and abundant in the future.
摘要加拿大一枝黄花(Solidago canadensis)和巨型黄花(S. gigantea)被列为对欧洲物种和生态系统构成最大威胁的入侵物种。在2012-2015年进行的实地考察中,利用植物标本馆的额外数据研究了立陶宛非本地黄花的分布。迄今为止,加拿大葡萄球菌经常出现,特别是在该国东部,在维尔纽斯市、陶拉吉乌区、维尔纽斯区和Pagėgiai市最为丰富。巨叶豆经常出现在该国南部,在卡兹罗Rūda市的丰度最高。加拿大杉属入侵的总面积为1702公顷,巨型杉属入侵的总面积为411.5公顷。两种大多发生在荒废的田野和路旁,在普通蒿类的原始植物群落中。从目前在立陶宛的加拿大藜和巨型藜的分布和它们的竞争潜力来看,这两个物种在未来可能会变得更加普遍和丰富。
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引用次数: 9
Review Of Drosera Intermedia Herbarium Specimens And New Data On Its Distribution And Ecology In Lithuania 立陶宛中庸蝇标本馆标本综述及分布生态新资料
Pub Date : 2015-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/botlit-2015-0005
Sigita Sprainaitytė
Abstract Drosera intermedia Hayne is one of four species of the genus Drosera in Lithuania. It has the status of an endangered species, however, relatively little is known about its abundance, population size and habitat preference. Seven localities of the species have been indicated in Lithuania till now. Evidence of herbaria is known from four localities. Revision of herbarium specimens revealed the fact that only one sample consisting of six plants was proved to be Drosera intermedia. It was collected in Kamanos raised bog. Distribution of D. intermedia based on recent findings includes two localities in the northern and the eastern parts of Lithuania. Detailed investigations of D. intermedia habitat preference and population size were pursued in the Kamanos State Strict Nature Reserve (Akmenė distr.) in 2013–2014 in five sample plots situated in the Rhynchosporion albae W.Koch 1926 community. The highest density of D. intermedia plants was recorded on bare peat in the mosaic microhabitats of Rhynchospora alba (L.) Vahl and Sphagnum spp. Microhabitats with Sphagnum cuspidatum Ehrh. ex Hoffm. were more favourable than that of Sphagnum magellanicum. There were counted 376 (2013) and 322 (2014) individuals in three sample plots. Next year, 83 plants were appended in two additional plots. Vegetative individuals were more abundant in less favourable areas, while up to 30% of the flowering plants were registered in the depressions of bare peat and Rhynchospora alba mosaic.
Drosera intermedia Hayne是立陶宛Drosera属的四种之一。它是一种濒临灭绝的物种,然而,相对较少的了解其丰度,种群大小和栖息地偏好。迄今为止,在立陶宛已发现了7个地点。已知的植物标本馆的证据来自四个地方。对植物标本室标本的修订表明,只有一个由六种植物组成的样本被证明是Drosera中间媒介。它是在卡马诺斯的养殖沼泽中收集的。根据最近的调查结果,中间芽孢杆菌的分布包括立陶宛北部和东部的两个地区。2013-2014年,在卡马诺斯国家严格自然保护区(akmenkir .),在Rhynchosporion albae w.c hkoch 1926群落的5个样地,对中叶赤蝇的栖息地偏好和种群规模进行了详细调查。在白纹孢(Rhynchospora alba, L.)马赛克微生境的裸泥炭上,记录到的中芽草密度最高。虎杖Sphagnum的微生境。Hoffm交货。比麦哲伦草更有利。3个样地分别有376只(2013年)和322只(2014年)。明年,又在另外两块土地上种植了83株植物。营养个体在条件较差的地区更为丰富,而在裸泥炭和白纹花叶的洼地中,有高达30%的开花植物被记录。
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引用次数: 1
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Botanica Lithuanica
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