Pub Date : 2015-02-26DOI: 10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-PHYS.A7OCK4.V1
Y. Tao
Wilson’s quantum field theory in less than 4 dimensions has achieved a great success in the study of critical phenomenon, but is still not tested within the scope of particle physics. To guarantee the validity of Wilson’s quantum field theory in less than 4 dimensions, Newton-Leibniz’s differential-integral formulas must be extended to the non-integer dimensional situation. We show that this leads to a new prediction that Planck’s constant will be expressed in terms of three fundamental constants: critical time scale, dimension of time axis and total energy of universe. We propose the corresponding methods to measure these three constants. It will be thus interesting to compare the well-known value of Planck’s constant with the potential theoretical value consisting of three fundamental constants.
{"title":"Testing for Wilson’s Quantum Field Theory in Less Than 4 Dimensions","authors":"Y. Tao","doi":"10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-PHYS.A7OCK4.V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-PHYS.A7OCK4.V1","url":null,"abstract":"Wilson’s quantum field theory in less than 4 dimensions has achieved a great success in the study of critical phenomenon, but is still not tested within the scope of particle physics. To guarantee the validity of Wilson’s quantum field theory in less than 4 dimensions, Newton-Leibniz’s differential-integral formulas must be extended to the non-integer dimensional situation. We show that this leads to a new prediction that Planck’s constant will be expressed in terms of three fundamental constants: critical time scale, dimension of time axis and total energy of universe. We propose the corresponding methods to measure these three constants. It will be thus interesting to compare the well-known value of Planck’s constant with the potential theoretical value consisting of three fundamental constants.","PeriodicalId":91169,"journal":{"name":"ScienceOpen research","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75143921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-26DOI: 10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-LIFE.ALTCE1.V1
Torsten Dikow
{"title":"The evolution of head structures in lower Diptera","authors":"Torsten Dikow","doi":"10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-LIFE.ALTCE1.V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-LIFE.ALTCE1.V1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91169,"journal":{"name":"ScienceOpen research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87698680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-24DOI: 10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-CHEM.AD1QVW.V1
D. Katayev
{"title":"Direct Nucleophilic Difluoromethylation of Aromatic Isoxazoles Activated by Electron-Withdrawing Groups Using (Difluoromethyl)trimethylsilane","authors":"D. Katayev","doi":"10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-CHEM.AD1QVW.V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-CHEM.AD1QVW.V1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91169,"journal":{"name":"ScienceOpen research","volume":"537 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76989021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-20DOI: 10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-MED.AZGTGZ.V1
C. Torlasco, F. Cecchi, P. Schwartz, G. Parati, L. Crotti, F. Dagradi, B. Bilo, G. Perego, M. Revera, A. Blasio, M. Kotta, A. Ghidoni, Giulia Girardengo, M. Calcagnino
We present a case of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy with biventricular involvement and strong arrhythmic substrate, highlighting the need to consider more than a single diagnostic option when facing arrhythmic presentations in young patients and the growing contribution provided by the genetic laboratory and contrast CMR to clinical management.
{"title":"Biventricular Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: a paradigmatic case","authors":"C. Torlasco, F. Cecchi, P. Schwartz, G. Parati, L. Crotti, F. Dagradi, B. Bilo, G. Perego, M. Revera, A. Blasio, M. Kotta, A. Ghidoni, Giulia Girardengo, M. Calcagnino","doi":"10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-MED.AZGTGZ.V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-MED.AZGTGZ.V1","url":null,"abstract":"We present a case of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy with biventricular involvement and strong arrhythmic substrate, highlighting the need to consider more than a single diagnostic option when facing arrhythmic presentations in young patients and the growing contribution provided by the genetic laboratory and contrast CMR to clinical management.","PeriodicalId":91169,"journal":{"name":"ScienceOpen research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88755526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-19DOI: 10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-SOCSCI.AE2GYG.v1
Niels C. Taubert, Kevin Schön
This short report provides a description of an online-consultation on the scientific publication system. German-speaking scientists from all disciplines were invited to articulate their perspectives on principles and current problems in scientific publishing in the dialogical procedure. 697 participants addressed their opinion in two areas of consultation (a) Consultation area “evaluate principles”: the goal in this section was to find out whether there is a general consensus throughout academia of what constitutes a good publication system. For this purpose, principles of a good scientific publication system could be commented on and evaluated with positive or negative votes. (b) Consultation area “name problems”: this section aimed at obtaining the perspective of the participants on current challenges and problems of the publication system. The contributions of the participants focus on eight topics: (1) printed vs. digital publication, (2) business models of large publishing houses, (3) open access, (4) publication-based performance indicators, (5) authorship, (6) peer review, (7) publication bias, and (8) research data.
{"title":"Online-Consultation “scientific publication system”: documentation and main results","authors":"Niels C. Taubert, Kevin Schön","doi":"10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-SOCSCI.AE2GYG.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-SOCSCI.AE2GYG.v1","url":null,"abstract":"This short report provides a description of an online-consultation on the scientific publication system. German-speaking scientists from all disciplines were invited to articulate their perspectives on principles and current problems in scientific publishing in the dialogical procedure. 697 participants addressed their opinion in two areas of consultation (a) Consultation area “evaluate principles”: the goal in this section was to find out whether there is a general consensus throughout academia of what constitutes a good publication system. For this purpose, principles of a good scientific publication system could be commented on and evaluated with positive or negative votes. (b) Consultation area “name problems”: this section aimed at obtaining the perspective of the participants on current challenges and problems of the publication system. The contributions of the participants focus on eight topics: (1) printed vs. digital publication, (2) business models of large publishing houses, (3) open access, (4) publication-based performance indicators, (5) authorship, (6) peer review, (7) publication bias, and (8) research data.","PeriodicalId":91169,"journal":{"name":"ScienceOpen research","volume":"24 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75375041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-29DOI: 10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-CHEM.ARDTLN.V1
B. Hartke, Tim Raeker
We report theoretical investigations on azobenzene-based indandiazocines, novel chiral systems that perform unidirectional cis ↔ trans isomerizations upon photoexcitation. For three different systems of this kind, we have simulated excited-state surface-hopping trajectories for both isomerization directions, using a configuration-interaction treatment based on system-specifically reparametrized semiempirical AM1 theory. Our results are also compared to experimental and theoretical results for the parent system diazocine. We show that, as intended by design, the trans ! cis bending of the azo unit in these indandiazocines can only happen in one of the two possible directions due to steric constraints, which is a new feature for photoswitches and a necessary prerequisite for directional action at the nanoscale.
{"title":"Indandiazocines: Unidirectional molecular switches","authors":"B. Hartke, Tim Raeker","doi":"10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-CHEM.ARDTLN.V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-CHEM.ARDTLN.V1","url":null,"abstract":"We report theoretical investigations on azobenzene-based indandiazocines, novel chiral systems that perform unidirectional cis ↔ trans isomerizations upon photoexcitation. For three different systems of this kind, we have simulated excited-state surface-hopping trajectories for both isomerization directions, using a configuration-interaction treatment based on system-specifically reparametrized semiempirical AM1 theory. Our results are also compared to experimental and theoretical results for the parent system diazocine. We show that, as intended by design, the trans ! cis bending of the azo unit in these indandiazocines can only happen in one of the two possible directions due to steric constraints, which is a new feature for photoswitches and a necessary prerequisite for directional action at the nanoscale.","PeriodicalId":91169,"journal":{"name":"ScienceOpen research","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79594792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-22DOI: 10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-CHEM.AGZIIB.V1
H. Federsel
{"title":"Organocatalysts for enantioselective synthesis of fine chemicals: definitions, trends and developments","authors":"H. Federsel","doi":"10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-CHEM.AGZIIB.V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-CHEM.AGZIIB.V1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91169,"journal":{"name":"ScienceOpen research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74571380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.14293/s2199-1006.1.sor-life.ezoa3q.v1
B. Marshall
{"title":"When did humans first acquire Helicobacter","authors":"B. Marshall","doi":"10.14293/s2199-1006.1.sor-life.ezoa3q.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14293/s2199-1006.1.sor-life.ezoa3q.v1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91169,"journal":{"name":"ScienceOpen research","volume":"217 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76573225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-31DOI: 10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-LIFE.AJ19WR.V1
B. Bisha, B. Brehm-Stecher
Seed sprouts (alfalfa, mung bean, radish, etc.) have been implicated in several recent national and international outbreaks of salmonellosis. Conditions used for sprouting are also conducive to the growth of Salmonella. As a result, this pathogen can quickly grow to very high cell densities during sprouting without any detectable organoleptic impact. Seed sprouts typically also support heavy growth (~108 CFU g-1) of a heterogeneous microbiota consisting of various bacterial, yeast and mold species, often dominated by non-pathogenic members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. This heavy background may present challenges to the detection of Salmonella, especially if this pathogen is present in relatively low numbers. We combined DNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with flow cytometry (FCM) for the rapid molecular detection of Salmonella enterica Ser. Typhimurium in artificially contaminated alfalfa and other seed sprouts. Components of the assay included a set of cooperatively binding probes, a chemical blocking treatment intended to reduce non-specific background and sample concentration via tangential flow filtration (TFF). We were able to detect S. Typhimurium in sprout wash at levels as low as 103 CFU ml-1 sprout wash (104 CFU g-1 sprouts) against high microbial backgrounds (~108 CFU g-1 sprouts). Hybridization times were typically 30 min, with additional washing, but we ultimately found that S. Typhimurium could be readily detected using hybridization times as short as 2 min, without a wash step. These results clearly demonstrate the potential of combined DNA-FISH and FCM for rapid detection of Salmonella in this challenging food matrix and provides industry with a useful tool for compliance with sprout production standards proposed in the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA).
{"title":"Flow cytometry for rapid detection of Salmonella spp. in seed sprouts","authors":"B. Bisha, B. Brehm-Stecher","doi":"10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-LIFE.AJ19WR.V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-LIFE.AJ19WR.V1","url":null,"abstract":"Seed sprouts (alfalfa, mung bean, radish, etc.) have been implicated in several recent national and international outbreaks of salmonellosis. Conditions used for sprouting are also conducive to the growth of Salmonella. As a result, this pathogen can quickly grow to very high cell densities during sprouting without any detectable organoleptic impact. Seed sprouts typically also support heavy growth (~108 CFU g-1) of a heterogeneous microbiota consisting of various bacterial, yeast and mold species, often dominated by non-pathogenic members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. This heavy background may present challenges to the detection of Salmonella, especially if this pathogen is present in relatively low numbers. We combined DNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with flow cytometry (FCM) for the rapid molecular detection of Salmonella enterica Ser. Typhimurium in artificially contaminated alfalfa and other seed sprouts. Components of the assay included a set of cooperatively binding probes, a chemical blocking treatment intended to reduce non-specific background and sample concentration via tangential flow filtration (TFF). We were able to detect S. Typhimurium in sprout wash at levels as low as 103 CFU ml-1 sprout wash (104 CFU g-1 sprouts) against high microbial backgrounds (~108 CFU g-1 sprouts). Hybridization times were typically 30 min, with additional washing, but we ultimately found that S. Typhimurium could be readily detected using hybridization times as short as 2 min, without a wash step. These results clearly demonstrate the potential of combined DNA-FISH and FCM for rapid detection of Salmonella in this challenging food matrix and provides industry with a useful tool for compliance with sprout production standards proposed in the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA).","PeriodicalId":91169,"journal":{"name":"ScienceOpen research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88695245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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