Background: In Uganda, 25 % of adolescents age 15-19 have already begun childbearing, 19 % have already given birth and another 5 % pregnant with their first child. Utilization of maternal health services is, therefore, an effective approach to reducing the risk of maternal morbidity and mortality. Low utilization of Maternal Health Services (MHS) has been registered in many parts of Uganda.Objective: To identify the key factors that influenced the utilization of MHS by adolescent young mothers aged 15-19years in Kiryandongo general HospitalMethods: A Cross Sectional analytical design, both quantitative and qualitative was used. A total of 98 adolescent young mothers were randomly selected. Data was collected using semi-structure questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 19.Results: Level of utilization of MHS was 44.9%. The socio-demographic (personal) factors that significantly influenced MHS utilization were; maternal age (COR= 0.29; 95% CI: 0.13-0.67, p = 0.003), husband’s education level (COR= 0.19; 95% CI: 0.08-0.47, p =0.000) and husband’s monthly income (COR= 0.35; 95% CI: 0.15-0.80, p = 0.012). Health System factors that influenced MHS utilization included; Time for travelling to reach health facility (COR=2.39; 95% CI: 1.03-5.52, p = 0.040) and Cost of the health services (COR= 2.68; 95% CI: 1.17-6.15, p =0.019).Conclusion: Strategies in addressing decision-making norms, engaging in massive community dialogue and designing appropriate communication strategies may help improve MHS utilization.
{"title":"Factors Influencing Utilization of Maternal Health Services by Adolescent Young Mothers Aged 15-19 Years in Kiryandongo General Hospital","authors":"V O Isaac Isaac Ocheng, Eddy Ika, Kizito Omona","doi":"10.14419/ijm.v9i1.31389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijm.v9i1.31389","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In Uganda, 25 % of adolescents age 15-19 have already begun childbearing, 19 % have already given birth and another 5 % pregnant with their first child. Utilization of maternal health services is, therefore, an effective approach to reducing the risk of maternal morbidity and mortality. Low utilization of Maternal Health Services (MHS) has been registered in many parts of Uganda.Objective: To identify the key factors that influenced the utilization of MHS by adolescent young mothers aged 15-19years in Kiryandongo general HospitalMethods: A Cross Sectional analytical design, both quantitative and qualitative was used. A total of 98 adolescent young mothers were randomly selected. Data was collected using semi-structure questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 19.Results: Level of utilization of MHS was 44.9%. The socio-demographic (personal) factors that significantly influenced MHS utilization were; maternal age (COR= 0.29; 95% CI: 0.13-0.67, p = 0.003), husband’s education level (COR= 0.19; 95% CI: 0.08-0.47, p =0.000) and husband’s monthly income (COR= 0.35; 95% CI: 0.15-0.80, p = 0.012). Health System factors that influenced MHS utilization included; Time for travelling to reach health facility (COR=2.39; 95% CI: 1.03-5.52, p = 0.040) and Cost of the health services (COR= 2.68; 95% CI: 1.17-6.15, p =0.019).Conclusion: Strategies in addressing decision-making norms, engaging in massive community dialogue and designing appropriate communication strategies may help improve MHS utilization. ","PeriodicalId":91290,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45751820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarmad Zahoor, N. Ahmad, S. Asif, H. M. Jehangir, Asad Ali, M. Afzal, Muhammad Mohsin Ali, Saroosh Zahoor
Background: Urinary track infection (UTI) is a common infection in Pakistan. Poor knowledge about personal hygiene and lack of awareness are major reasons of this infection. All over the world and in Pakistan E. coli and K. pneumonia are main causative agents of UTI.Objectives:To analyze Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial strains isolated from urinary tract infections.Methods: In present study total 227 samples from Genomic Research Lab and Diagnostic Center Rawalpindi, Pakistan were tested for presence of different microbial infectious agents and their antibiotic resistance and susceptibility pattern. Biochemical test such as Gram staining, Lactose fermentation test, Motility test, Catalase test and Colony formation on MacConkey agar, Indole test, and Citrate utilization test were applied. The antibiotic susceptibility and resistance pattern was evaluated by using fourteen different antibiotics on MullarHigton agar. Top ten antibiotics were selected at a cut off value of 100 samples for E. coli and 20 samples for Klebsiella.Results: Against E. coli and K. species the most susceptible antibiotic was Imipenam with 97.5% and Amikacin with 94.9% susceptibility respectively. Moreover, against E. coli and K. species the most resistance antibiotic was Ciprofloxacin 81.7% and Tobramycin with 76.1% resistance respectively. The comparison of present study with pervious studies had shown an increase in resistance against various antibiotics.Conclusion: It is concluded from the present study that antibiotic resistance is on raise in Pakistan and the effect of each antibiotic was different with respect to type of infectious agent so it is recommended that the doctor should determine the dominant type of infectious agent and its susceptibility response before prescription of any antibiotic.
{"title":"Antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial strains isolated from urinary tract infections inPakistan","authors":"Sarmad Zahoor, N. Ahmad, S. Asif, H. M. Jehangir, Asad Ali, M. Afzal, Muhammad Mohsin Ali, Saroosh Zahoor","doi":"10.14419/IJM.V9I1.31359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/IJM.V9I1.31359","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Urinary track infection (UTI) is a common infection in Pakistan. Poor knowledge about personal hygiene and lack of awareness are major reasons of this infection. All over the world and in Pakistan E. coli and K. pneumonia are main causative agents of UTI.Objectives:To analyze Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial strains isolated from urinary tract infections.Methods: In present study total 227 samples from Genomic Research Lab and Diagnostic Center Rawalpindi, Pakistan were tested for presence of different microbial infectious agents and their antibiotic resistance and susceptibility pattern. Biochemical test such as Gram staining, Lactose fermentation test, Motility test, Catalase test and Colony formation on MacConkey agar, Indole test, and Citrate utilization test were applied. The antibiotic susceptibility and resistance pattern was evaluated by using fourteen different antibiotics on MullarHigton agar. Top ten antibiotics were selected at a cut off value of 100 samples for E. coli and 20 samples for Klebsiella.Results: Against E. coli and K. species the most susceptible antibiotic was Imipenam with 97.5% and Amikacin with 94.9% susceptibility respectively. Moreover, against E. coli and K. species the most resistance antibiotic was Ciprofloxacin 81.7% and Tobramycin with 76.1% resistance respectively. The comparison of present study with pervious studies had shown an increase in resistance against various antibiotics.Conclusion: It is concluded from the present study that antibiotic resistance is on raise in Pakistan and the effect of each antibiotic was different with respect to type of infectious agent so it is recommended that the doctor should determine the dominant type of infectious agent and its susceptibility response before prescription of any antibiotic. ","PeriodicalId":91290,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41620086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Young people in adolescent stage are very vulnerable. Sexual and reproductive health choices they make as they transition from childhood to adulthood determine a lot about their well-being.Objective: To assess the role of religious leaders in promoting adolescent sexual and reproductive health rights in Iganga Municipality.Methodology: Qualitative phenomenological design was used. Sample of 30 participants (25religious leaders and 5adolescents) were interviewed. Data was collected using in-depth interviews, transcribed, coded and analyzed using thematic content analysis.Results: Information shared by religious leaders to adolescents helped them to live responsible lives. Results also indicated that; religious leaders perceived promotion of ASRHR to imply elevation of sexual immorality. Religious leaders had both protective and preventive influences on promotion of ASRHR.Conclusion: Religious leaders greatly contribute to promotion of ASRHR by enhancing information sharing. Dialogues, therefore, enhances their awareness about ASRHR and gives them confidence to address the matter with adolescents.
{"title":"Qualitative study of roles of religious leaders in promoting adolescent sexual reproductive health and rights in Iganga municipality Uganda","authors":"Nayebare Baturaine Barbara, O. Kizito","doi":"10.14419/IJM.V9I1.31341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/IJM.V9I1.31341","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Young people in adolescent stage are very vulnerable. Sexual and reproductive health choices they make as they transition from childhood to adulthood determine a lot about their well-being.Objective: To assess the role of religious leaders in promoting adolescent sexual and reproductive health rights in Iganga Municipality.Methodology: Qualitative phenomenological design was used. Sample of 30 participants (25religious leaders and 5adolescents) were interviewed. Data was collected using in-depth interviews, transcribed, coded and analyzed using thematic content analysis.Results: Information shared by religious leaders to adolescents helped them to live responsible lives. Results also indicated that; religious leaders perceived promotion of ASRHR to imply elevation of sexual immorality. Religious leaders had both protective and preventive influences on promotion of ASRHR.Conclusion: Religious leaders greatly contribute to promotion of ASRHR by enhancing information sharing. Dialogues, therefore, enhances their awareness about ASRHR and gives them confidence to address the matter with adolescents. ","PeriodicalId":91290,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47477802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chioma T. Udeh, O. Olayanju, N. Awah, O. Bamidele, Bola J Eseile, Onyinye Okwonkwo, G. Odok
Background: Laboratory test request forms usually accompany patient’s samples to the laboratory, providing biodata and clinical details of the patient. This information is for purposes of identification and guiding pathologists to accurately interpret patient’s result. Clinicians however do not usually provide all the required information, thus making interpretation difficult. The frequency of such incompleteness is assessed in this study.Methods: Laboratory request forms received at the Chemical Pathology laboratory between July and September 2020 were assessed for completeness of all the required parameters. Parameters analyzed in this study included age, gender, hospital number, location, clinical information, name of requesting physician and the date of request. Frequency of missing parameters were expressed as proportions (%) of the total omissions.Results: There were 1906 request forms received during the course of this study and 789 (41.4%) of them had at least one missing parameter. Apart from patients’ names, nature of sample and the requested investigation, all other parameters were omitted at one time or the other making a total of 1117 omissions. Age (287; 25.7%) hospital number (264; 23.6%) and clinical information (246; 22%) were the most commonly omitted parameters. Majority of the omissions (69%) were from the outpatient clinics, 20% were from the wards while 10% of the forms had no ward or clinic indicated.Conclusion: Incomplete filling of laboratory test request forms is a regular occurrence among clinicians. Effort must be made to continually sensitize them of the importance of each of the required parameters to ensure a visible improvement.
{"title":"Assessment of laboratory test request forms for completeness","authors":"Chioma T. Udeh, O. Olayanju, N. Awah, O. Bamidele, Bola J Eseile, Onyinye Okwonkwo, G. Odok","doi":"10.14419/ijm.v9i2.31692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijm.v9i2.31692","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Laboratory test request forms usually accompany patient’s samples to the laboratory, providing biodata and clinical details of the patient. This information is for purposes of identification and guiding pathologists to accurately interpret patient’s result. Clinicians however do not usually provide all the required information, thus making interpretation difficult. The frequency of such incompleteness is assessed in this study.Methods: Laboratory request forms received at the Chemical Pathology laboratory between July and September 2020 were assessed for completeness of all the required parameters. Parameters analyzed in this study included age, gender, hospital number, location, clinical information, name of requesting physician and the date of request. Frequency of missing parameters were expressed as proportions (%) of the total omissions.Results: There were 1906 request forms received during the course of this study and 789 (41.4%) of them had at least one missing parameter. Apart from patients’ names, nature of sample and the requested investigation, all other parameters were omitted at one time or the other making a total of 1117 omissions. Age (287; 25.7%) hospital number (264; 23.6%) and clinical information (246; 22%) were the most commonly omitted parameters. Majority of the omissions (69%) were from the outpatient clinics, 20% were from the wards while 10% of the forms had no ward or clinic indicated.Conclusion: Incomplete filling of laboratory test request forms is a regular occurrence among clinicians. Effort must be made to continually sensitize them of the importance of each of the required parameters to ensure a visible improvement.","PeriodicalId":91290,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66959397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zoya I. Mishura, Ruslan K. Paliyenko, Nizar R. Kerbazh
Background. Acute or chronic rectal fistulas make up to 30% of proctologic pathology and are accompanied by significant impairment of patients` lives. In recent years, the role of matrix metalloproteinases in the pathogenesis of many diseases has grown rapidly. The most widely expressed protease in inflamed tissues is matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9).Objectives. To identify and analyze changes in the level of MMP-9 in the serum of patients with extrasphincteric fistulas of the rectum, depending on the method of surgery.Methods. The study involved 28 patients with extrasphincteric rectal fistulas, who undergone surgery in the proctology department of Poltava Regional Clinical Hospital and the surgical department of the 3rd city clinical hospital in Poltava from 2010 to 2018. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the method of surgical treatment. Quantitative determination of MMP-9 in blood serum was performed.Results. In the main group, the average value of MMP-9 before surgery was 14.90 ± 0.15 ng/ml, a month later it decreased to 7.73 ± 0.37 ng/ml (p˂0.0001), and after three months, the average value of MMP-9 was determined at 2.41 ± 0.13 ng/ml (p˂0.0001). In the comparison group, the initial average value was 15.00 ± 0.08 ng/ml, which decreased to 11.89 ± 0.26 ng/ml (p˂0.0001), and three months after surgery it decreased to 4.14 ± 0.17 ng/ml (p˂0.0001).Conclusion. The use of MMP-9 levels in blood serum before and after surgery has determined that the method of treatment of extrasphincteric fistulas using the drug Tachocomb is less traumatic and reduces the healing time of postoperative wounds compared to the ligature method.
{"title":"The level of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the serum as a prognostic sign in extrasphincteric fistulas of the rectum","authors":"Zoya I. Mishura, Ruslan K. Paliyenko, Nizar R. Kerbazh","doi":"10.14419/ijm.v9i2.31595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijm.v9i2.31595","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Acute or chronic rectal fistulas make up to 30% of proctologic pathology and are accompanied by significant impairment of patients` lives. In recent years, the role of matrix metalloproteinases in the pathogenesis of many diseases has grown rapidly. The most widely expressed protease in inflamed tissues is matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9).Objectives. To identify and analyze changes in the level of MMP-9 in the serum of patients with extrasphincteric fistulas of the rectum, depending on the method of surgery.Methods. The study involved 28 patients with extrasphincteric rectal fistulas, who undergone surgery in the proctology department of Poltava Regional Clinical Hospital and the surgical department of the 3rd city clinical hospital in Poltava from 2010 to 2018. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the method of surgical treatment. Quantitative determination of MMP-9 in blood serum was performed.Results. In the main group, the average value of MMP-9 before surgery was 14.90 ± 0.15 ng/ml, a month later it decreased to 7.73 ± 0.37 ng/ml (p˂0.0001), and after three months, the average value of MMP-9 was determined at 2.41 ± 0.13 ng/ml (p˂0.0001). In the comparison group, the initial average value was 15.00 ± 0.08 ng/ml, which decreased to 11.89 ± 0.26 ng/ml (p˂0.0001), and three months after surgery it decreased to 4.14 ± 0.17 ng/ml (p˂0.0001).Conclusion. The use of MMP-9 levels in blood serum before and after surgery has determined that the method of treatment of extrasphincteric fistulas using the drug Tachocomb is less traumatic and reduces the healing time of postoperative wounds compared to the ligature method.","PeriodicalId":91290,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66959359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mosab Abdalla Ali Alzubier, Ahmed Eltyeb Ibrahim, Sami Mahjoub Taha
Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) which originated in the urothelium of the urological system is not uncommon; however, it is rare in the renal pelvis. Additionally, it is hard to be diagnosed without high clinical suspicion.Case summary: A-66-years old female presented with left loin pain for 6 years, hematuria, and fever for months. Examination revealed no abnormality apart from pallor and bimanually palpable left kidney. Her investigations showed normal renal function and anemia, Computer Topography for Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (CT-KUB) revealed a large left renal pelvic stone with a hugely enlarged kidney with suspicion of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGPN), with almost absent function of the left kidney in DTPA. She underwent Left trans-peritoneal radical nephrectomy. Post-operative histopathology result was moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (T3, N0, M0). To our knowledge this was the first reported case in our hospital, we think that the treatment was fair putting in mind the poor prognosis of the condition and the difficulty in diagnosis.Conclusion: This case demonstrates renal pelvis SCC presented with radiological features suggestive of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.
{"title":"Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the renal pelvis following chronic nephrolithiasis; presented with feature suggesting xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis","authors":"Mosab Abdalla Ali Alzubier, Ahmed Eltyeb Ibrahim, Sami Mahjoub Taha","doi":"10.14419/ijm.v9i1.31239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijm.v9i1.31239","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) which originated in the urothelium of the urological system is not uncommon; however, it is rare in the renal pelvis. Additionally, it is hard to be diagnosed without high clinical suspicion.Case summary: A-66-years old female presented with left loin pain for 6 years, hematuria, and fever for months. Examination revealed no abnormality apart from pallor and bimanually palpable left kidney. Her investigations showed normal renal function and anemia, Computer Topography for Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (CT-KUB) revealed a large left renal pelvic stone with a hugely enlarged kidney with suspicion of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGPN), with almost absent function of the left kidney in DTPA. She underwent Left trans-peritoneal radical nephrectomy. Post-operative histopathology result was moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (T3, N0, M0). To our knowledge this was the first reported case in our hospital, we think that the treatment was fair putting in mind the poor prognosis of the condition and the difficulty in diagnosis.Conclusion: This case demonstrates renal pelvis SCC presented with radiological features suggestive of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. ","PeriodicalId":91290,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42168853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Digeorge Syndrome (22q11.2 deletion syndrome) comprises of various congenital anomalies such as cardiac defects, specific facial appearances, defective T cell production, hypocalcemia etc. This syndrome is also associated with various autoimmune diseases. Here we present a case report which shows association of Immune thrombocytopenia purpura with Digeorge Syndrome. A 15 years old boy born with congenital cardiac defects, diagnosed as 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, underwent corrective cardiac surgeries after birth. He developed thrombocytopenia at this age, requiring admission and platelet transfusions. His further work up confirmed Immune thrombocytopenic purpura and its presentation being related to the genetic disorder itself.
{"title":"DiGeorge syndrome and immune thrombocytopenia purpura","authors":"Amna Mohsin MRCP, Mahasin Shaheen MD MRCP","doi":"10.14419/ijm.v7i1.29732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijm.v7i1.29732","url":null,"abstract":"Digeorge Syndrome (22q11.2 deletion syndrome) comprises of various congenital anomalies such as cardiac defects, specific facial appearances, defective T cell production, hypocalcemia etc. This syndrome is also associated with various autoimmune diseases. Here we present a case report which shows association of Immune thrombocytopenia purpura with Digeorge Syndrome. A 15 years old boy born with congenital cardiac defects, diagnosed as 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, underwent corrective cardiac surgeries after birth. He developed thrombocytopenia at this age, requiring admission and platelet transfusions. His further work up confirmed Immune thrombocytopenic purpura and its presentation being related to the genetic disorder itself.","PeriodicalId":91290,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66959169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Ionizing radiation is important medical imaging techniques. Medical imaging is a powerful tool for diagnosis of many diseases. Although, it has potential benefits and it has harmful risks that should not be ignored.Objective: This study aims to assessing the current knowledge and attitude toward radiation protection, radiological examination doses, and impact of radiation exposure among radiographers working in health facilities in Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia.Design and Setting: This cross sectional prospective survey included 100 radiographers from different governmental and private hospitals in Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia, in the duration from October 2018 to December 2018, through self –administered questionnaires The questionnaire consisted of three sections: the first section focused on radiographers’ demographic data, the second assessed the current knowledge and attitude towards radiation protection, and the third assessed the current knowledge and attitude towards radiological examination doses .Results: Out of the 100 responders to the survey, 69 male and 31 female radiographers were included. It was observed that most of the radiographers were younger than 30 years old, with less than five years of experience in 54% of them. Most of the responders (84%) had a bachelor degree or higher.The level of education and years of experience influenced the knowledge of radiation doses especially for abdominal/pelvis CT p=0.016), thyroid isotope scan (p<0.001) and brain MRI doses (p=0.002). Additionally, a significant difference was found in awareness to patient radiation protection measures (p<0.001) and the radiographers’ opinion on the personnel who are exposed to radiation the most (p<0.001).Conclusion: the current level of knowledge is inadequate. Training programs and on job training can improve the practice. Further studies with larger sample size are needed.
{"title":"Assessment of knowledge and attitude of radiographers towards radiation protection in al Qassim region, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Layali Alotaibi, Bassam Alkhalifah","doi":"10.14419/ijm.v7i1.25784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijm.v7i1.25784","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ionizing radiation is important medical imaging techniques. Medical imaging is a powerful tool for diagnosis of many diseases. Although, it has potential benefits and it has harmful risks that should not be ignored.Objective: This study aims to assessing the current knowledge and attitude toward radiation protection, radiological examination doses, and impact of radiation exposure among radiographers working in health facilities in Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia.Design and Setting: This cross sectional prospective survey included 100 radiographers from different governmental and private hospitals in Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia, in the duration from October 2018 to December 2018, through self –administered questionnaires The questionnaire consisted of three sections: the first section focused on radiographers’ demographic data, the second assessed the current knowledge and attitude towards radiation protection, and the third assessed the current knowledge and attitude towards radiological examination doses .Results: Out of the 100 responders to the survey, 69 male and 31 female radiographers were included. It was observed that most of the radiographers were younger than 30 years old, with less than five years of experience in 54% of them. Most of the responders (84%) had a bachelor degree or higher.The level of education and years of experience influenced the knowledge of radiation doses especially for abdominal/pelvis CT p=0.016), thyroid isotope scan (p<0.001) and brain MRI doses (p=0.002). Additionally, a significant difference was found in awareness to patient radiation protection measures (p<0.001) and the radiographers’ opinion on the personnel who are exposed to radiation the most (p<0.001).Conclusion: the current level of knowledge is inadequate. Training programs and on job training can improve the practice. Further studies with larger sample size are needed.","PeriodicalId":91290,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66959511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Tony, Mohamed H.Mostafa, Refaat F. Abdelaal, Abeer A. Tony, Tahra El Shereif, M. Abdou
Background: Defining new predictive biomarkers in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) would provide a window of opportunity for preventive and/or therapeutic interventions to prevent or delay the onset of irreversible long-term micro and or macro vascular complications. Adiponectin (ADPN) has been variously associated with diabetic microvascular complications; however, no comprehensive clinical data exist examining the association between adipocytokines and the presence of these complications.Aim of study: we aimed to measure the plasma levels of adiponectin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, to assess whether these levels vary with the different stages of DKD according to their e GFR and to evaluate its relation to their microvascular complications and glycemic control.Methods: This is a prospective observational study including 100 T2DM classified into two groups according to their albuminuria levels and estimated GFR. Participants subjected to thorough history taking and clinical examination. Serum level of ADPN was assessed in all patients.Results: Serum ADPN levels were significantly lower in T2DM patients with nephropathy (P = 0.001), while their levels were non-significantly higher in patients with non-proliferative retinopathy or neuropathy. Their levels were lowered with more advanced stages of DKD with nephropathy and the decrement was dependent on their severity (P<0.001). Levels of ADPN with cutoff value of < 22600 (μg/mL) had ability to diagnose microvascular complications in our diabetic patients with sensitivity (81%) and specificity (27%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio for the presence of nephropathy in the lowest tertile of ADPN was 1.09 (95% CI; 11.45- 13.08, P= 0.06), therefore, ADPN was not an independent risk factor for diabetic nephropathy. However, its higher level was independently associated with increased odds for the presence of neuropathy in particular. Conclusions: ADPN plays a role in the pathogenesis of microvasculopathy in diabetic patients and help to identify high-risk patients and modulate the therapeutic potential in the prevention of DKD.
{"title":"Adiponectin level in diabetic kidney disease the relationship with glycemic control and microvascular complications; a mystery unresolved","authors":"E. Tony, Mohamed H.Mostafa, Refaat F. Abdelaal, Abeer A. Tony, Tahra El Shereif, M. Abdou","doi":"10.14419/ijm.v6i1.14353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijm.v6i1.14353","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Defining new predictive biomarkers in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) would provide a window of opportunity for preventive and/or therapeutic interventions to prevent or delay the onset of irreversible long-term micro and or macro vascular complications. Adiponectin (ADPN) has been variously associated with diabetic microvascular complications; however, no comprehensive clinical data exist examining the association between adipocytokines and the presence of these complications.Aim of study: we aimed to measure the plasma levels of adiponectin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, to assess whether these levels vary with the different stages of DKD according to their e GFR and to evaluate its relation to their microvascular complications and glycemic control.Methods: This is a prospective observational study including 100 T2DM classified into two groups according to their albuminuria levels and estimated GFR. Participants subjected to thorough history taking and clinical examination. Serum level of ADPN was assessed in all patients.Results: Serum ADPN levels were significantly lower in T2DM patients with nephropathy (P = 0.001), while their levels were non-significantly higher in patients with non-proliferative retinopathy or neuropathy. Their levels were lowered with more advanced stages of DKD with nephropathy and the decrement was dependent on their severity (P<0.001). Levels of ADPN with cutoff value of < 22600 (μg/mL) had ability to diagnose microvascular complications in our diabetic patients with sensitivity (81%) and specificity (27%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio for the presence of nephropathy in the lowest tertile of ADPN was 1.09 (95% CI; 11.45- 13.08, P= 0.06), therefore, ADPN was not an independent risk factor for diabetic nephropathy. However, its higher level was independently associated with increased odds for the presence of neuropathy in particular. Conclusions: ADPN plays a role in the pathogenesis of microvasculopathy in diabetic patients and help to identify high-risk patients and modulate the therapeutic potential in the prevention of DKD. ","PeriodicalId":91290,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.14419/ijm.v6i1.14353","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41779580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura G. Hamant, Farmin Samareh-Jahani, P. M. Aguon, Brenen Swofford Do, Thomas Marston, Alisha Nanda, J. Crawford
We present a case of a 74-year- old male with a complicated medical history who was admitted to theWe present a case of a 74-year-old male with a complicated medical history who was admitted to the medical floor for evaluation and management of failure to thrive and malnutrition. On hospital day 9 he became febrile and blood cultures were found to be positive for B. cereus and Enterobacter cloacae, which were persistent. He had an extensive negative workup for the cause of his bacteremia, however, we present a number of possibilities from his presentation and a literature review. Our case was consistent with other cases in the literature as our patient could be considered immunocompromised secondary to malnutrition and type II diabetes. B. cereus in blood cultures is often considered a contaminant but can be true bacteremia and should be worked up if multiple blood cultures are positive or if there is a clinical suspicion.
{"title":"You can’t b. cereus: an unusual presentation of bacillus cereus","authors":"Laura G. Hamant, Farmin Samareh-Jahani, P. M. Aguon, Brenen Swofford Do, Thomas Marston, Alisha Nanda, J. Crawford","doi":"10.14419/IJM.V6I1.12578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/IJM.V6I1.12578","url":null,"abstract":"We present a case of a 74-year- old male with a complicated medical history who was admitted to theWe present a case of a 74-year-old male with a complicated medical history who was admitted to the medical floor for evaluation and management of failure to thrive and malnutrition. On hospital day 9 he became febrile and blood cultures were found to be positive for B. cereus and Enterobacter cloacae, which were persistent. He had an extensive negative workup for the cause of his bacteremia, however, we present a number of possibilities from his presentation and a literature review. Our case was consistent with other cases in the literature as our patient could be considered immunocompromised secondary to malnutrition and type II diabetes. B. cereus in blood cultures is often considered a contaminant but can be true bacteremia and should be worked up if multiple blood cultures are positive or if there is a clinical suspicion. ","PeriodicalId":91290,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.14419/IJM.V6I1.12578","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43321968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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