Pub Date : 2019-04-15DOI: 10.23937/2469-5718/1510125
E. Ashley, Willmott Catherine
{"title":"Examining the Effects of Exercise and Practice on the SCAT3, and Association between Mood, Pain & SCAT3 Symptom Report","authors":"E. Ashley, Willmott Catherine","doi":"10.23937/2469-5718/1510125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5718/1510125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91298,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports and exercise medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88316386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.23937/2469-5718/1510113
L WeisJamie
{"title":"Non-Traumatic First Rib Fractures Secondary to Opposing Muscle Contractions: A Case Series","authors":"L WeisJamie","doi":"10.23937/2469-5718/1510113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5718/1510113","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91298,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports and exercise medicine","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83704667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.23937/2469-5718/1510115
I. Ogbonmwan, B. Kumar
Background: Biomechanical characteristics have been recurrently associated as aetiological factors in Achilles tendinopathy. Despite this, no study has investigated the relationship between biomechanics and clinical severity. Aim: To establish whether an association exists between Achilles tendinopathy clinical severity and biomechanical kinetic and temporospatial variables. Methods: Design: Observational cross-sectional cohort study. Setting: Gait laboratory. Participants: Twenty-four participants with mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy. Main outcomes: Gait kinetic and temporospatial parameters were measured using an instrumented treadmill. Clinical severity was measured using the Victoria Institute of Sport Assessment-Achilles Questionnaire. Results: Overall clinical severity was reduced in participants with a greater step length (B = 2.144, p = 0.04) and a greater anteroposterior displacement of center of pressure (B = 0.117, p = 0.02) and increased in individuals with a greater step time (B = -343.861, p = 0.05). Pain was greater in participants with a greater weight acceptance peak index (B = -1.058, p = 0.046), impulse (B = -0.108, p = 0.04) and active force peak (B = -0.102, p = 0.025) and reduced in participants with a greater weight acceptance rate (B = 0.004, p = 0.024), stride length (B = 0.374, p = 0.049), step length (B = 0.0755, p = 0.044) and push-off rate (B = 0.003, p = 0.038). Function was reduced in participants with a greater weight acceptance peak index (B = -0.905, p = 0.014) and greater double support time (B = -198.526, p = 0.040). Activity was increased in participants with an increased anteroposterior displacement of centre of pressure (B = 0.061, p = 0.038) and reduced in participants with a greater base of support. (B = -1.500, p = 0.033) Conclusion: Significant correlations between biomechanical parameters and Achilles tendinopathy clinical severity exist. Biomechanical variables identified in this study should be investigated in larger cohorts prior to determining clinical applications.
背景:生物力学特征经常被认为是跟腱病的病因。尽管如此，还没有研究调查生物力学和临床严重程度之间的关系。目的:探讨跟腱病的临床严重程度与生物力学动力学和时空变量之间是否存在关联。方法:设计:观察性横断面队列研究。设置:步态实验室。参与者:24名跟腱中段病变患者。主要结果:使用仪器跑步机测量步态动力学和时空参数。临床严重程度采用维多利亚运动评估研究所跟腱问卷进行测量。结果:步长越长(B = 2.144, p = 0.04)、压力中心前后移位越长(B = 0.117, p = 0.02)，患者的总体临床严重程度越低(B = -343.861, p = 0.05)。体重接受峰指数(B = -1.058, p = 0.046)、冲量(B = -0.108, p = 0.04)和主力峰(B = -0.102, p = 0.025)较高的参与者疼痛程度更大，体重接受率(B = 0.004, p = 0.024)、步幅(B = 0.374, p = 0.049)、步长(B = 0.0755, p = 0.044)和蹬离率(B = 0.003, p = 0.038)较高的参与者疼痛程度更低。权重接受峰值指数(B = -0.905, p = 0.014)和双重支持时间(B = -198.526, p = 0.040)越高，功能越低。压力中心前后位移增加的参与者活动增加(B = 0.061, p = 0.038)，支持基础较大的参与者活动减少。(B = -1.500, p = 0.033)结论:生物力学参数与跟腱病临床严重程度存在显著相关性。在确定临床应用之前，本研究中确定的生物力学变量应该在更大的队列中进行调查。
{"title":"A Correlation Study of Lower-Limb Gait Biomechanics with Clinical Severity in Patients with Achilles Tendinopathy","authors":"I. Ogbonmwan, B. Kumar","doi":"10.23937/2469-5718/1510115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5718/1510115","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Biomechanical characteristics have been recurrently associated as aetiological factors in Achilles tendinopathy. Despite this, no study has investigated the relationship between biomechanics and clinical severity. Aim: To establish whether an association exists between Achilles tendinopathy clinical severity and biomechanical kinetic and temporospatial variables. Methods: Design: Observational cross-sectional cohort study. Setting: Gait laboratory. Participants: Twenty-four participants with mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy. Main outcomes: Gait kinetic and temporospatial parameters were measured using an instrumented treadmill. Clinical severity was measured using the Victoria Institute of Sport Assessment-Achilles Questionnaire. Results: Overall clinical severity was reduced in participants with a greater step length (B = 2.144, p = 0.04) and a greater anteroposterior displacement of center of pressure (B = 0.117, p = 0.02) and increased in individuals with a greater step time (B = -343.861, p = 0.05). Pain was greater in participants with a greater weight acceptance peak index (B = -1.058, p = 0.046), impulse (B = -0.108, p = 0.04) and active force peak (B = -0.102, p = 0.025) and reduced in participants with a greater weight acceptance rate (B = 0.004, p = 0.024), stride length (B = 0.374, p = 0.049), step length (B = 0.0755, p = 0.044) and push-off rate (B = 0.003, p = 0.038). Function was reduced in participants with a greater weight acceptance peak index (B = -0.905, p = 0.014) and greater double support time (B = -198.526, p = 0.040). Activity was increased in participants with an increased anteroposterior displacement of centre of pressure (B = 0.061, p = 0.038) and reduced in participants with a greater base of support. (B = -1.500, p = 0.033) Conclusion: Significant correlations between biomechanical parameters and Achilles tendinopathy clinical severity exist. Biomechanical variables identified in this study should be investigated in larger cohorts prior to determining clinical applications.","PeriodicalId":91298,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports and exercise medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85458548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.23937/2469-5718/1510117
D. Lahut, B. Bodur, O. Tosun
The athlete’s heart refers to a heart which has gained physiological adaptation mechanisms due to long term training in various sport activities. Sinus bradycardia, sinus arrhythmia, first degree atrioventricular block and second degree mobitz type I AV blocks are most common electrocardiographic findings in athlete’s heart. In our case we observed first degree atrioventricular block with pathological PR interval values second degree mobitz type I (Wenckebach) atrioventricular block and accelerated junctional rhythm at the day time in a 13-year-old athlete playing football, exercising 21 hours a week. The clinical course of our patient indicates that such intense exercise may not always be beneficial to cardiovascular system in children.
{"title":"Accelerated Junctional Rhythm in Athlete's Heart: An Unusual Presentation","authors":"D. Lahut, B. Bodur, O. Tosun","doi":"10.23937/2469-5718/1510117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5718/1510117","url":null,"abstract":"The athlete’s heart refers to a heart which has gained physiological adaptation mechanisms due to long term training in various sport activities. Sinus bradycardia, sinus arrhythmia, first degree atrioventricular block and second degree mobitz type I AV blocks are most common electrocardiographic findings in athlete’s heart. In our case we observed first degree atrioventricular block with pathological PR interval values second degree mobitz type I (Wenckebach) atrioventricular block and accelerated junctional rhythm at the day time in a 13-year-old athlete playing football, exercising 21 hours a week. The clinical course of our patient indicates that such intense exercise may not always be beneficial to cardiovascular system in children.","PeriodicalId":91298,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports and exercise medicine","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88881478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.23937/2469-5718/1510118
McLaughlin Laura, Das Prithwijit, Fruitman Kate, Milanaik Ruth
Background: Only 25% of US high school students meet CDC physical activity guidelines. Over 40% report playing video games for > 3 hours/day. This epidemic of inactivity may lead to health consequences including obesity. Augmented Reality Games (ARGs) may increase activity through video gameplay. Our objective was to quantify the effect of an ARG, Pokémon GO, on adolescent physical activity. Methods: Parents (ne = 546) of children ages 13-18 completed an anonymous online questionnaire about their child’s physical activity and Pokémon GO gameplay. Subjects recorded the number of steps taken by their child for 3 weeks; Week 1 preceded the game’s release, Week 2 was immediately after release, and Week 3, 1 month after. The dataset consisted of 2 groups: those who started playing around Pokémon GO’s release (Pokémon GO Group, n = 418) and those who did not play or started playing after Week 1 (Comparison Group, n = 128). Median daily steps of each week were compared between groups. Results: There were no significant differences in age, gender, ethnicity or income between groups. The Comparison Group had a 14.8% increase in steps between Weeks 1 and 2; the Pokémon GO Group had a 29.1% increase in that same time. Weeks 1 and 3 were not significantly different between the two groups but Week 2 was (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Pokémon GO led to a minimal but significant initial increase in activity. Although future studies are needed to determine the long-term effects of ARGs on physical activity, our study suggests that the purported exercise benefits are minimal.
{"title":"Learning from Pokémon GO and Preparing for Potter: The Impact of Augmented Reality Video Games on Adolescent Physical Activity","authors":"McLaughlin Laura, Das Prithwijit, Fruitman Kate, Milanaik Ruth","doi":"10.23937/2469-5718/1510118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5718/1510118","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Only 25% of US high school students meet CDC physical activity guidelines. Over 40% report playing video games for > 3 hours/day. This epidemic of inactivity may lead to health consequences including obesity. Augmented Reality Games (ARGs) may increase activity through video gameplay. Our objective was to quantify the effect of an ARG, Pokémon GO, on adolescent physical activity. Methods: Parents (ne = 546) of children ages 13-18 completed an anonymous online questionnaire about their child’s physical activity and Pokémon GO gameplay. Subjects recorded the number of steps taken by their child for 3 weeks; Week 1 preceded the game’s release, Week 2 was immediately after release, and Week 3, 1 month after. The dataset consisted of 2 groups: those who started playing around Pokémon GO’s release (Pokémon GO Group, n = 418) and those who did not play or started playing after Week 1 (Comparison Group, n = 128). Median daily steps of each week were compared between groups. Results: There were no significant differences in age, gender, ethnicity or income between groups. The Comparison Group had a 14.8% increase in steps between Weeks 1 and 2; the Pokémon GO Group had a 29.1% increase in that same time. Weeks 1 and 3 were not significantly different between the two groups but Week 2 was (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Pokémon GO led to a minimal but significant initial increase in activity. Although future studies are needed to determine the long-term effects of ARGs on physical activity, our study suggests that the purported exercise benefits are minimal.","PeriodicalId":91298,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports and exercise medicine","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80243446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.23937/2469-5718/1510120
N. Bernardo, L. Jorge, Relvas-Silva Miguel, A. Hélio, Vardasca Ricardo, Gutierres Manuel
Background: Chronic Rotator Cuff Tears (RCT) are a common and disabling condition. Local tissue changes may be assessed by Infrared Thermography (IRT). It was hypothesized that IRT might provide useful information for diagnosis of chronic RCT, yielding lower local skin temperatures. Methods: Included patients consisted of adults with chronic primary RCT (> 3 months). Demographics and occupation were recorded. An IRT protocol was used, at rest and after exercise, for both affected and contralateral shoulder. Frontal, dorsal and lateral views were used, and Regions of Interest (ROI’s) were defined in the topography of the main rotator cuff tendons. Three independent observers assessed temperature, and concordance analysis was performed. Significant temperature variation was defined as 0.5 °C. Results: 52 patients 16 males and 36 females were evaluated, mean age 56 ± 1.3 years old. Inter-observers’ concordance was greater than 95%. A slight decrease in temperature was verified after the exercise protocol in affected and contra-lateral shoulders, but this was less than 0.5 °C. Comparing the skin temperature of affected shoulders and contralateral temperatures, no significant differences were revealed, both at rest or after exercise. Conclusions: The obtained results demonstrated IRT as highly reproducible. A small decrease in skin temperature after exercise has been related to peripheral vasoconstriction, and this was confirmed in both affected and non-affected shoulders. Nevertheless, it was expected on affected shoulders a lower baseline and after exercise skin temperatures, which was not confirmed, as no significant difference was found between groups. As such, the role of IRT as complimentary mean of diagnosis is yet to be established in RCT.
{"title":"Shoulder Infrared Thermography in Chronic Rotator Cuff Tears - Temperature Assessment and Variation in Affected and Non-Affected Shoulders","authors":"N. Bernardo, L. Jorge, Relvas-Silva Miguel, A. Hélio, Vardasca Ricardo, Gutierres Manuel","doi":"10.23937/2469-5718/1510120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5718/1510120","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic Rotator Cuff Tears (RCT) are a common and disabling condition. Local tissue changes may be assessed by Infrared Thermography (IRT). It was hypothesized that IRT might provide useful information for diagnosis of chronic RCT, yielding lower local skin temperatures. Methods: Included patients consisted of adults with chronic primary RCT (> 3 months). Demographics and occupation were recorded. An IRT protocol was used, at rest and after exercise, for both affected and contralateral shoulder. Frontal, dorsal and lateral views were used, and Regions of Interest (ROI’s) were defined in the topography of the main rotator cuff tendons. Three independent observers assessed temperature, and concordance analysis was performed. Significant temperature variation was defined as 0.5 °C. Results: 52 patients 16 males and 36 females were evaluated, mean age 56 ± 1.3 years old. Inter-observers’ concordance was greater than 95%. A slight decrease in temperature was verified after the exercise protocol in affected and contra-lateral shoulders, but this was less than 0.5 °C. Comparing the skin temperature of affected shoulders and contralateral temperatures, no significant differences were revealed, both at rest or after exercise. Conclusions: The obtained results demonstrated IRT as highly reproducible. A small decrease in skin temperature after exercise has been related to peripheral vasoconstriction, and this was confirmed in both affected and non-affected shoulders. Nevertheless, it was expected on affected shoulders a lower baseline and after exercise skin temperatures, which was not confirmed, as no significant difference was found between groups. As such, the role of IRT as complimentary mean of diagnosis is yet to be established in RCT.","PeriodicalId":91298,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports and exercise medicine","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82148895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.23937/2469-5718/1510116
S. Mathias, P. Albert, P. Olivier, Ragazzi Paolo, Escolà Alexandra Myers, L. Carlos
Background: Myofascial Trigger Points (MTrPs) in the triceps surae muscles are very frequent and their presence may be implicated in pain, such as nocturnal night cramps. These points cause important limitations to athletic performance and daily activities. For this reason, treatment of these MTrPs are essential in the clinical field and have been addressed by a large number of therapeutic strategies. Therefore, the aim of this review is to analyze treatments available for the MTrPs in the triceps surae and their effectiveness. Methods: The PubMed and PEDro databases were both used for the study selection process. The terms “Trigger Points AND Gastrocnemius AND Soleus NOT Trapezius” were used and without a time restriction. From the 277 articles screened initially, 12 studies were selected to be included in this review. To assess the quality of the articles, the Jadad Scale and the U.S Preventive Task Force Scale were used. Results: The studies reviewed included healthy subjects as well as patients with disorders, or pain affecting specifically the foot and the ankle. In these studies, both active and latent trigger-points were found. Of all the variables used, the treatment of the MTrPs allows for an improvement in jump performance, quality of life, insomnia, Range of Motion (ROM) of ankle dorsiflexion, mobility, and reduced pain. However, the MTrP therapy has no effects on depression or anxiety. The principal treatments used were injections, electrostimulation, dry needling, ischemic compression, and Extra-Corporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT). Conclusion: MTrPs can be the origin of several alterations. This review shows how the MTrPs treatment can improve those conditions. ISSN: 2469-5718 DOI: 10.23937/2469-5718/1510116 Simon et al. Int J Sports Exerc Med 2019, 5:116 • Page 2 of 7 • aim of this systematic review is to conduct a revision of scientific literature in order to identify which treatment is more effective, and the variables used to assess its effects on the subject ́s condition. Materials and Methods The bibliographic research was conducted using the following databases, MEDLINE and PEDro, inputting the following combination of words: “Trigger Points AND Gastrocnemius AND Soleus” and 418 articles were obtained. Based on title analysis of the first results, many articles were focused on the trapezius muscle. For this reason, the final search was narrowed down using the following combination of words: “Trigger Points AND Gastrocnemius AND Soleus NOT Trapezius”. In the selection of articles, the year of publication was not taken into consideration. Initially, 277 articles were eligible to be included in this revision. The articles were then narrowed down by the reviewers based on the study of the abstract, the title, the keywords and the inclusion criteria. Two independent reviewers made the first analysis, if a consensus was not reached, the opinion of a third reviewer was added. After the first analysis, 18 articles were selected. Final
背景:肌筋膜触发点(MTrPs)在三头肌表面肌是非常频繁的，它们的存在可能涉及疼痛，如夜间夜间痉挛。这些点对运动表现和日常活动造成重大限制。由于这个原因，治疗这些MTrPs在临床领域是必不可少的，并且已经通过大量的治疗策略来解决。因此，本综述的目的是分析三头肌表面MTrPs的治疗方法及其有效性。方法:研究选择过程中使用PubMed和PEDro数据库。术语“触发点和腓肠肌和比目鱼肌而不是斜方肌”被使用并且没有时间限制。从最初筛选的277篇文章中，选择了12项研究纳入本综述。为了评估文章的质量，使用了Jadad量表和美国预防工作队量表。结果:这些研究包括健康受试者以及患有疾病或疼痛的患者，特别是影响足部和踝关节的患者。在这些研究中，发现了活跃和潜在的触发点。在所有使用的变量中，MTrPs的治疗可以改善跳跃性能、生活质量、失眠、踝关节背屈的活动范围(ROM)、活动性和减轻疼痛。然而，MTrP疗法对抑郁或焦虑没有效果。主要的治疗方法是注射、电刺激、干针、缺血压迫和体外冲击波治疗(ESWT)。结论:MTrPs可能是多种改变的起源。这篇综述展示了MTrPs治疗如何改善这些情况。ISSN: 2469-5718 DOI: 10.23937/2469-5718/1510116本系统综述的目的是对科学文献进行修订，以确定哪种治疗更有效，以及用于评估其对受试者状况影响的变量。资料与方法采用MEDLINE和PEDro数据库进行文献研究，输入“Trigger Points and Gastrocnemius and Soleus”组合，获得文献418篇。基于对第一个结果的标题分析，许多文章都集中在斜方肌上。出于这个原因，最后的搜索范围缩小了，使用了以下几个词的组合:“触发点和腓肠肌和比目鱼肌而不是斜方肌”。在选择文章时，没有考虑到出版年份。最初，有277篇文章有资格被纳入这次修订。然后，审稿人根据对摘要、标题、关键词和纳入标准的研究，将文章范围缩小。两位独立的审稿人进行第一次分析，如果无法达成共识，则加入第三位审稿人的意见。经过第一次分析，选出了18篇文章。最后，在使用全文进行完整分析后，其中12个被选中的国家被纳入本次修订，并在评估阶段进行详细研究。图1为截至2018年5月5日的整个搜索过程流程图。本研究的纳入标准为:1。涉及腓肠肌MTrPs 2的试验。研究是康复领域的一部分。3.可以获得全文版本的文章，并以作者使用的不同语言之一出版，如英语，西班牙语，加泰罗尼亚语，法语或意大利语。为了评估本次修订中不同文章的质量，作者尽可能使用了Jadad量表和美国预防工作组，这两种方法都是这类调查的标准方法。采用Jadad等[13]的3项量表评价临床试验的质量。量表得分范围从0到5分，分数越高质量越好(表1)。评估单个研究质量的标准方法是基于研究设计的分层评分系统，其中随机对照试验得分最高(表2)[14,15]。
{"title":"Treatment of the Myofascial Trigger-Points of Triceps Surae: A Systematic Review","authors":"S. Mathias, P. Albert, P. Olivier, Ragazzi Paolo, Escolà Alexandra Myers, L. Carlos","doi":"10.23937/2469-5718/1510116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5718/1510116","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Myofascial Trigger Points (MTrPs) in the triceps surae muscles are very frequent and their presence may be implicated in pain, such as nocturnal night cramps. These points cause important limitations to athletic performance and daily activities. For this reason, treatment of these MTrPs are essential in the clinical field and have been addressed by a large number of therapeutic strategies. Therefore, the aim of this review is to analyze treatments available for the MTrPs in the triceps surae and their effectiveness. Methods: The PubMed and PEDro databases were both used for the study selection process. The terms “Trigger Points AND Gastrocnemius AND Soleus NOT Trapezius” were used and without a time restriction. From the 277 articles screened initially, 12 studies were selected to be included in this review. To assess the quality of the articles, the Jadad Scale and the U.S Preventive Task Force Scale were used. Results: The studies reviewed included healthy subjects as well as patients with disorders, or pain affecting specifically the foot and the ankle. In these studies, both active and latent trigger-points were found. Of all the variables used, the treatment of the MTrPs allows for an improvement in jump performance, quality of life, insomnia, Range of Motion (ROM) of ankle dorsiflexion, mobility, and reduced pain. However, the MTrP therapy has no effects on depression or anxiety. The principal treatments used were injections, electrostimulation, dry needling, ischemic compression, and Extra-Corporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT). Conclusion: MTrPs can be the origin of several alterations. This review shows how the MTrPs treatment can improve those conditions. ISSN: 2469-5718 DOI: 10.23937/2469-5718/1510116 Simon et al. Int J Sports Exerc Med 2019, 5:116 • Page 2 of 7 • aim of this systematic review is to conduct a revision of scientific literature in order to identify which treatment is more effective, and the variables used to assess its effects on the subject ́s condition. Materials and Methods The bibliographic research was conducted using the following databases, MEDLINE and PEDro, inputting the following combination of words: “Trigger Points AND Gastrocnemius AND Soleus” and 418 articles were obtained. Based on title analysis of the first results, many articles were focused on the trapezius muscle. For this reason, the final search was narrowed down using the following combination of words: “Trigger Points AND Gastrocnemius AND Soleus NOT Trapezius”. In the selection of articles, the year of publication was not taken into consideration. Initially, 277 articles were eligible to be included in this revision. The articles were then narrowed down by the reviewers based on the study of the abstract, the title, the keywords and the inclusion criteria. Two independent reviewers made the first analysis, if a consensus was not reached, the opinion of a third reviewer was added. After the first analysis, 18 articles were selected. Final","PeriodicalId":91298,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports and exercise medicine","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81955371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.23937/2469-5718/1510114
C. Maria, Seijas Roberto, P. Albert, Navarro Raul, Ragazzi Paolo, Alvarez Pedro
In the practice of sports that require impact and pivot movements such as football or skiing, knee injuries are common and among these is important to underline the rupture of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL). Noncontact movements cause a 70% of ACL injuries and there is a high incidence of ruptures in women. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyse what are the causes for the difference in incidence between men and women in terms of ACL ruptures. Through the search in the previous literature it has been observed that the fact that female athletes suffer ACL injuries with a higher frequency than male athletes is mainly due to anatomical, hormonal, biomechanical and neuromuscular control factors. Due to this occurrence, it is important to promote mainly treatments and prevention plans in order to reduce neuromuscular imbalances, that is predominant in women, to decrease the risk of ACL injuries in female athletes.
{"title":"Epidemiology of Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Ruptures in Men and Women","authors":"C. Maria, Seijas Roberto, P. Albert, Navarro Raul, Ragazzi Paolo, Alvarez Pedro","doi":"10.23937/2469-5718/1510114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5718/1510114","url":null,"abstract":"In the practice of sports that require impact and pivot movements such as football or skiing, knee injuries are common and among these is important to underline the rupture of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL). Noncontact movements cause a 70% of ACL injuries and there is a high incidence of ruptures in women. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyse what are the causes for the difference in incidence between men and women in terms of ACL ruptures. Through the search in the previous literature it has been observed that the fact that female athletes suffer ACL injuries with a higher frequency than male athletes is mainly due to anatomical, hormonal, biomechanical and neuromuscular control factors. Due to this occurrence, it is important to promote mainly treatments and prevention plans in order to reduce neuromuscular imbalances, that is predominant in women, to decrease the risk of ACL injuries in female athletes.","PeriodicalId":91298,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports and exercise medicine","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86817458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-30DOI: 10.23937/2469-5718/1510123
Delk-Licata Ashley, Behrens Christian E, Benardot Dan, Bertrand Brenda M, Chandler-Laney Paula C, F. Jose R, Plaisance Eric P
Background: Although protein consumption has been documented to influence body composition in humans, the effect on fat-free mass and fat mass, as influenced by the timing, frequency, and state of energy balance during the day when protein is consumed has not been fully investigated. Aim: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess whether the amount and frequency of dietary protein intake, and the state of energy balance when consumed, are associated with body composition of collegiate women’s soccer athletes. Methods: Data from nutrition assessments conducted during off-season training were collected in 20 healthy Division 1 female soccer athletes, aged 18-21 years. At visit 1, participants were instructed on how to keep a three-day food and exercise record with hourly measures. At visit 2, food and exercise logs were reviewed, nutrition history questionnaires were completed, and the following measurements were taken: height, weight, and body composition using multi-current segmental Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Hourly protein intake and hourly Energy Balance (EB), a measure of whether energy intake is dynamically matching requirements (energy expenditure), were computed using nutrition analysis software. Results: Spearman correlations were used to assess the relationships between dietary protein intake, state of energy balance when consumed, and body composition. It was found that consuming protein in moderate amounts of between 15 to 30 g, with sufficient frequency to supply predicted daily need and while in a state of energy balance > -300 kcal, is significantly associated with lower Fat Mass Adjusted for total body weight (FM-Adj) (rs = -0.546; p = 0.013) and greater Fat-Free Mass Adjusted for total body weight (FFM-Adj) (rs = 0.546; p = 0.013). Conclusion: These data suggest that collegiate female soccer players should consume their individual recommended daily amount of protein in ~15-30 g servings while in a reasonable state of energy balance (>300 kcal) to achieve lower fat mass and higher fat-free mass.
{"title":"The Association between Dietary Protein Intake Frequency, Amount, and State of Energy Balance on Body Composition in a Women's Collegiate Soccer Team","authors":"Delk-Licata Ashley, Behrens Christian E, Benardot Dan, Bertrand Brenda M, Chandler-Laney Paula C, F. Jose R, Plaisance Eric P","doi":"10.23937/2469-5718/1510123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5718/1510123","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although protein consumption has been documented to influence body composition in humans, the effect on fat-free mass and fat mass, as influenced by the timing, frequency, and state of energy balance during the day when protein is consumed has not been fully investigated. Aim: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess whether the amount and frequency of dietary protein intake, and the state of energy balance when consumed, are associated with body composition of collegiate women’s soccer athletes. Methods: Data from nutrition assessments conducted during off-season training were collected in 20 healthy Division 1 female soccer athletes, aged 18-21 years. At visit 1, participants were instructed on how to keep a three-day food and exercise record with hourly measures. At visit 2, food and exercise logs were reviewed, nutrition history questionnaires were completed, and the following measurements were taken: height, weight, and body composition using multi-current segmental Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Hourly protein intake and hourly Energy Balance (EB), a measure of whether energy intake is dynamically matching requirements (energy expenditure), were computed using nutrition analysis software. Results: Spearman correlations were used to assess the relationships between dietary protein intake, state of energy balance when consumed, and body composition. It was found that consuming protein in moderate amounts of between 15 to 30 g, with sufficient frequency to supply predicted daily need and while in a state of energy balance > -300 kcal, is significantly associated with lower Fat Mass Adjusted for total body weight (FM-Adj) (rs = -0.546; p = 0.013) and greater Fat-Free Mass Adjusted for total body weight (FFM-Adj) (rs = 0.546; p = 0.013). Conclusion: These data suggest that collegiate female soccer players should consume their individual recommended daily amount of protein in ~15-30 g servings while in a reasonable state of energy balance (>300 kcal) to achieve lower fat mass and higher fat-free mass.","PeriodicalId":91298,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports and exercise medicine","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74864583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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