Biomedical Research-tokyo最新文献

{"title":"Effect on malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione and its metabolizing enzymes in vitamin D deficient newly diagnosed Type- 2 diabetic patients.","authors":"Kuldip Singh","doi":"10.35841/0970-938X.32.1.1-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0970-938X.32.1.1-6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: India, with 32 million diabetic individuals, currently has the highest incidence of diabetes worldwide. Recently, World Health Organization (WHO) reported that these numbers are predicted to increase to 80 million by the year 2030. Vitamin D regulates glucose metabolism and oxidative stress is a well-established factor of this multi-factorial disease. Aim: Present, study was designed to evaluate certain oxidative stress markers like malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, glutathione reductase, Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) along with total antioxidant activity in vitamin D deficient newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetics. Methods: 150 vitamin D deficient newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics’ and equal number of healthy subjects of both genders were recruited. Fasting blood was collected for evaluation of glucose, 25(OH) D and oxidative stress markers. Results: Significant (P<0.01) increase in malondialdehyde by 51.03% while a significant decrease in oxidative stress markers like SOD, GSH, GR, GPx and total antioxidant activity by 27.91 (P<0.05), 26.14% (P<0.05), 32.04% (P<0.01), 25.41% (P<0.05) and 35.85% (P<0.01) respectively was recorded in vitamin D deficient newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics with respect to healthy controls. Conclusions: A fore mentioned observations suggested that vitamin-D deficient newly diagnosed Type-2 diabetics of North-West Indian’s are associated with oxidative stress, a hallmark of various diseases like Diabetes Mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis etc. Therapeutic interventions in combinations of lifestyle and dietary modification might be beneficial to prevent further risk of development of Diabetes Mellitus and cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis in North-West Indians.","PeriodicalId":9138,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Research-tokyo","volume":"37 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79910112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Executive functions in patients with different types of headaches.","authors":"M. C. Lucendo, C. RosarioIsabel, O. Pilatuna, Diego Arm, O. S. Pazos, Juan Alberto Coloma, C. González, César Rotawisky, Carlos Steven Marmolejo Escobar, Sebastián Ospina Otalvaro, Karen Julieth Quebrada Mera, Valentina Triana Díaz, P. Lenis, Delia Cristina Hernández, Pablo Miguel Arango de la Pava, María Eugenia Barrera Robledo, Juliana Vergel, Valentina Herrera Montoya, N. Hernandez, Jeannette Sanchez","doi":"10.35841/0970-938X.32.3.S10-S16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0970-938X.32.3.S10-S16","url":null,"abstract":"Patients suffering from headache complain of the appearance of cognitive symptoms, although there is not much research in this regard, so the objective of the study was to analyze the deterioration in executive functions in patients with different types of headaches. The executive functions are processes related to the planning of the behaviour oriented to the achievement of a goal. A cross-sectional study was carried out, with a sample of 48 participants; 18 with vascular headache, 14 with tension headache, 16 with migraine. Significant differences have been found in the capacity for abstraction, which has discriminated between patients with vascular headache and tension headache, as well as between these and patients with migraine. Similarly, overall cognitive performance is different in patients with migraine compared with patients with vascular headache and tension headache. The type of headache and global cognitive impairment moderately affect the variability of abstraction capacity. Finally, the existence of a directly proportional relation of positive nature that indicates a dependent between the variables has been evidenced. It can be concluded that global cognitive deterioration affects the performance of abstraction capacity.","PeriodicalId":9138,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Research-tokyo","volume":"6 1","pages":"10-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88141313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare presentation of endobronchial metastasis from renal cell carcinoma resected 120 months after nephrectomy.","authors":"Emine Ozsari, S. Ozer, D. Oğuz","doi":"10.35841/0970-938X.32.3.S17-S20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0970-938X.32.3.S17-S20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Multipl extrapulmonary tumors can metastasize to the bronchus. Endobronchial Metastases (EBM) should be distinguished from these tumors because of their poor prognosis and different treatments. Case presentation: A 70-year-old male patient was admitted with thorax computed tomography, which was taken with the complaints of increasing cough and weight loss. The patient who had a history of left nephrectomy due to renal cell carcinoma 10 years ago did not have a history of receiving postoperative chemotherapy/radiotherapy. In bronchoscopy, the right lung upper lobe anterior subsegment entry was obliterated with an endobronchial lesion. The histopathological appearance was consistent with clear cell renal cell carcinoma metastasis Conclusion: This case is presented to emphasize that EBM may mimic primary lung cancers especially with respiratory symptoms. Ten years’ time interval is the longest period between radical nephrectomy and EBM in literature.","PeriodicalId":9138,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Research-tokyo","volume":"138 1","pages":"17-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86815889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nicotinamide mononucleotide augments the cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells in young and elderly mice.","authors":"Kazuyoshi Takeda,&nbsp;Ko Okumura","doi":"10.2220/biomedres.42.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2220/biomedres.42.173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a key nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) intermediate, has been shown to ameliorate various pathologies in elderly mouse disease models. Natural killer (NK) cells are important innate immune cells; however, their functions decline with aging. In this study, we examined the effect of NMN treatment on NK cells in mice. Intraperitoneal administration of NMN augmented NK cell cytotoxic activity in both young and elderly B6 mice as well as young BALB/c mice. Oral administration of NMN also increased NK cell cytotoxicity in elderly B6 and BALB/c mice. However, the NK cell population was not increased in the mice whose NK cell cytotoxic activity was activated by NMN. Interestingly, NMN administration did not augment NK cell cytotoxic activity in IFN-γ deficient mice. These results suggest that NMN administration augments NK cell cytotoxic activity, but not cell number, in a manner dependent on IFN-γ in both young and elderly mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":9138,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Research-tokyo","volume":"42 5","pages":"173-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39433998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoglycemia and neurological outcome in neonates: A retrospective study in a tertiary care hospital in Henan, China","authors":"Mohammad Ansari, Xiao Li, Xiao-li Zhang, K. Du, Yan Dong, Xiaoli Li, Qiliang Guo, L. Gan, T. Jia","doi":"10.35841/0970-938X.32.2.32-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0970-938X.32.2.32-36","url":null,"abstract":"This is a retrospective study done on 170 children, aged 3 to 5 years, who were delivered in the third affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou university, Henan, China between Jan 2019 to Dec 2020. With the help of hospital records, a systematic detection of hypoglycemia (<2.2 mmol/L or 40 mg/dL) was carried out in the study population from birth to 28 days after birth. Main outcomes were a compiled neurological or neurodevelopmental outcome; any developmental delay; motor developmental delay; and cognitive developmental delay. For analysis, the study population was divided into two groups: one group consisted of children who suffered from 5 or more episodes of hypoglycemia in neonatal period (n=42) and the second group consisted those who suffered with less than 5 episodes (n=128). We noted that the group having 5 or more hypoglycemic episodes had a higher proportion of premature or small for date children than the other group (76.2% Vs 60.9%), and the difference is statistically significant. In adjusted regression analyses, the odds ratio (OR) of any neurological or neurodevelopmental outcome was 1.48 (95% confidence interval: 1.17–1.88) in group with 5 or more hypoglycemic episodes as compared to the other group. The adjusted risk of any developmental delay was more than doubled (OR 2.53 [1.71–3.73]), the adjusted risk of motor developmental delay was almost doubled (OR: 1.91 [1.06–3.44]) and the adjusted risk of cognitive developmental delay was almost tripled (OR 2.85 [1.70–4.76]) in the group that had more than 5 hypoglycemic episodes in neonatal period.","PeriodicalId":9138,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Research-tokyo","volume":"44 1","pages":"32-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79804435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The diversity in sensitivity of TRPA1 and TRPV1 of various animals to polyphenols.","authors":"Sayuri Takahashi,&nbsp;Mako Kurogi,&nbsp;Osamu Saitoh","doi":"10.2220/biomedres.42.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2220/biomedres.42.43","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The perception of tastes is sensed by the receptors that stimulate sensory cells. We previously reported that TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels expressed in the oral cavity of mammals, are activated by the auto-oxidized product of epigallocatechin gallate (oxiEGCG), a major astringent catechin in green tea. Here, we investigated and compared the sensitivity of TRPA1 and TRPV1 from various animals to astringent polyphenols. We selected three polyphenols, oxiEGCG, tannic acid and myricetin. HEK293T cells expressing TRPA1 or TRPV1 from mammal, bird, reptile, amphibian, and fish, were analyzed for their activation by the Ca²⁺-imaging. We found the apparent diversity in the polyphenol-sensitivity among various animals. Mammalian TRPs showed relatively higher sensitivity to polyphenols, and especially, human TRPA1 and TRPV1 could be activated by all of three polyphenols at 20 μM. Reptile TRP channels, however, were insensitive to any polyphenols examined. Moreover, the polyphenol-sensitivity of zebrafish TRPA1 and TRPV1 was quite different from that of medaka TRP channels. Since many polyphenols are present in plants and the sensing of polyphenols using TRP channels in the oral cavity might cause astringent taste, the observed diversity of the polyphenol-sensitivity of TRP channels might be involved in the divergence in the food habit of various animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":9138,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Research-tokyo","volume":"42 2","pages":"43-51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25596522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Egg White Hydrolysate Retains the Nutritional Value of Proteins.","authors":"S. Ahmed","doi":"10.35841/0970-938X.32.3.S23-S24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0970-938X.32.3.S23-S24","url":null,"abstract":"Medication plasma protein associations significantly affect both pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (pharmacological impacts). It is hence profoundly fascinating to assess this official during the medication advancement measure. The connection between Human Serum Albumin (HSA) and Nano-berberin in both the presence and nonappearance of holo-transferrin was assessed.","PeriodicalId":9138,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Research-tokyo","volume":"526 1","pages":"23-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81936853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of prehypertension and its association with obesity and lipid parameters in medical students.","authors":"Sasmita Mishra, D. Saravanan, M. Manju, R. SuryaPriya","doi":"10.35841/0970-938X.32.2.52-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0970-938X.32.2.52-57","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Medical field is said to be associated with a lot of stress, both mental and physical. And medical students suffer more because during their training period they undergo a lot of stress in the form of little physical activity, altered food habits and social habits like smoking and alcohol. For this reason we decided to conduct this study amongst the medical students. Objective: Our objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of prehypertension among Medical college students and study the association between prehypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors like lipid profile and Body Mass Index (BMI). Methods: A total of 300 medical students of first to final year MBBS (18-23 years) were selected randomly for this study. Each participant’s data was collected, BMI calculated. BP was measured by a mercury sphygmomanometer. Subjects were classified as 3 groups Normotensive, Hypertensive and Prehyperensive. Blood samples were collected and Fasting plasma glucose, serum cholesterol, triglyceride and HDLc, were estimated by using commercially available kits in automated analyzer. Serum LDLc, and VLDLc (Very Low Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol) were calculated by Friedwald's equation. All the data were analysed by using SPSS software. Results: The overall prevalence of PHT was 38%. Prevalence of prehypertension is more in females. Among the students 75% had normal BMI, 20% were overweight, 3% were obese and 2% were underweight. BMI of Prehypertensive was significantly more than the normotensive students. BMI of female students are more than the male students. Among the lipid parameters, prehypertensives showed significant increase in TC, TG, LDLc than normotensive students. TC, TG, LDLc were high for female students than male students. Total prevalence of dyslipidaemia was 17.4% out of which 14.9% was hypercholesterolemia, 8.15% was hypertriglyceridaemia, 5.6% had high LDLc level and 10.4% had low HDLc level. There was a significant positive correlation between SBP with BMI, TG, TCh and VLDLc and significant positive correlation between DBP with TG and LDLc. There is negative correlation of SBP and DBP with HDLc. This might point out the contributory role of dyslipidemia and obesity towards prehypertention. Conclusion: Prevalence of prehypertension was high and associated with a higher BMI and dyslipidemia .Prevalence of dyslipidemia is 17.4%. Hypercholesterolemia is more prevalent. Students should change their life style. They should do yoga, meditation regularly to cope with stress. They should avoid oily foods to decrease cholesterol level.","PeriodicalId":9138,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Research-tokyo","volume":"66 1","pages":"52-57"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83160690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteogenesis of Human Embryonic Stem Cell","authors":"S. Ahmed","doi":"10.35841/0970-938X.S34-S35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0970-938X.S34-S35","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous cell types including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells are load delicate and are exposed to day by day mechanical stacking in-vivo. Thick connective tissues like ligament and tendon are extended every now and again through muscle compression brought about by development though bone is under unique stacking to oppose and adjust to the accomplished powers by keeping up homoeostasis through tissue redesigning. The vast majority of the powers applied in-vivo are dynamic and cyclic which implies frequently the tissue is under stacking and resting cycles. For instance femur and tibia go through cyclic pressure and elastic powers during motion. In this manner, it is conceivable that cells react more to cyclic stacking rather than consistent stacking. Consistent stacking may expand the danger of the cells being over-burden and getting inert to the applied burden. A vital zone of exploration in tissue designing is worried about finding the responses to how mechanical stacking moves to the cells, how cells sense mechanical powers and how and when cells react to the applied outer boosts. Both 2D and 3D societies have been utilized to apply mechanical stacking onto cells, albeit 2D examinations, for example, gelatine covered plastic and glass are to some degree restricted since they don't precisely copy the intricate 3D in-vivo engineering. Hence, these surfaces don't satisfy the vital necessities for culture and recovery of utilitarian tissues. Accordingly, 3D in-vitro models may give all the more physiologically pertinent conditions to mechanotransduction contemplates.","PeriodicalId":9138,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Research-tokyo","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79244436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double layer coating system to prevent toxic reactions of titanium dioxide from the corrosion of dental implant fixtures","authors":"B. Goo","doi":"10.35841/0970-938X.32.5.111-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0970-938X.32.5.111-117","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Titanium dioxide has been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a Group 2B carcinogen. As indispensable material for dental implant fixture, dental patients are exposed to its toxicological reactions. Objectives: The primary aim of this research is to prevent making nanoparticle titanium dioxide from the corrosion of dental implant fixture. Methods: The authors introduce double layer coating system for controlling corrosional toxicity of TiO2 from the surface of two dental implant fixtures by medronic acid and teriparatide acetate. Results: The first layer coated with medronic acid will generate phosphate bridges, functioning as a corrosionresistant sheath layer, and will be the only connector to Forteo (Teriparatide Acetate). The second layer encloses the essential elements of teriparatide like C, N, O and H with saving the functional radicals like CNO-, C2H3O-, CHO2-, C3H3O-, C2H3O2-,for and it will stimulate the coated implant fixture with PTH receptors, osteoblasts, and osteogenesis. The first layer covers Ti-O-P, acting as a titanium grade 4 antioxidant. Conclusion: The top surface ions in the second layer of the fixture have pharmaceutically functioning parts of the chemical structure of Teriparatide (C181H291N55O51S2) activating osteoblasts more than osteoclast, which leads to an overall increase in bone. Though the recommended duration of use for grade 4 implant fixtures is 3 years, but these new coated fixtures are expected to use the coated fixtures longer than 3 years by containing the stimulating effect of new alveolar bone formation by increasing the mineral density of the alveolar bone around the fixture besides preventing corrosional toxicity of the surface of pre-existing titanium fixtures.","PeriodicalId":9138,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Research-tokyo","volume":"81 1","pages":"111-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81715198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}