Pub Date : 2018-06-23DOI: 10.15344/2394-4978/2018/284
Paulina Pawlikowski, Nina T. Rico, Sharon L. Van Sell
The concept of positivism is a phenomenon not necessarily utilized in nursing. The idea was promoted first by Auguste Comte but implanted in nursing by many philosophers. In advanced practice nursing, positivism can lead to science as the basis of practice without the inclusion of the art of nursing as a principle of practice. The practice of objective scientific knowledge alone may dehumanize nursing practice with the use only of the researcher and not the influence of the researcher and collected objective data. The analysis of positivism offers advanced practice nurses (APNs) meaningful application to their practice by taking patient care away from the illness-cure model. Conducting a concept analysis of positivism utilized the Walker and Avant eight step methodology. Attributes of the concept of positivism are experience, the system of facts, objective, human, and natural phenomena. Antecedents and consequences of the concept are to further understanding of consciousness. A model, borderline, and contrary case demonstrate positivism in nursing situations.
{"title":"Positivism: A Concept Analysis","authors":"Paulina Pawlikowski, Nina T. Rico, Sharon L. Van Sell","doi":"10.15344/2394-4978/2018/284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2394-4978/2018/284","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of positivism is a phenomenon not necessarily utilized in nursing. The idea was promoted first by Auguste Comte but implanted in nursing by many philosophers. In advanced practice nursing, positivism can lead to science as the basis of practice without the inclusion of the art of nursing as a principle of practice. The practice of objective scientific knowledge alone may dehumanize nursing practice with the use only of the researcher and not the influence of the researcher and collected objective data. The analysis of positivism offers advanced practice nurses (APNs) meaningful application to their practice by taking patient care away from the illness-cure model. Conducting a concept analysis of positivism utilized the Walker and Avant eight step methodology. Attributes of the concept of positivism are experience, the system of facts, objective, human, and natural phenomena. Antecedents and consequences of the concept are to further understanding of consciousness. A model, borderline, and contrary case demonstrate positivism in nursing situations.","PeriodicalId":91514,"journal":{"name":"International journal of nursing & clinical practices","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46681025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-23DOI: 10.15344/2394-4978/2018/280
Katie Bonneau, C. Neurohr, Sharon L. Van Sell
The authors developed the concept differentiate as applied to the advanced practice nurse (APN) due to the lack of a current theory regarding the subject in the existing nursing literature. For instance, the APN uses differential diagnosis daily in practice. A concept analysis of differentiate according to the Walker and Avant methodology and applied to the APN can assist the APN to conduct a differential diagnosis accurately to create a safer environment for the patient. Attributes of the concept differentiate, include the following: (a) critical thinking, (b) evidence-based literature, (c) Distinguish, (d) differences, (e) complexity, and (f) complete. In addition to attributes of the differentiate concept, antecedents and consequences further elucidate the concept differentiate, and a model representation combines these three aspects to create a complete picture of the concept differentiate applied to the APN. A model, borderline, and contrary case provide real-life APN examples of the concept. Finally, the authors explore the method for conducting a proper differential diagnosis in the APN’s practice to begin the patient’s healing process.
{"title":"Differentiate: A Concept Analysis","authors":"Katie Bonneau, C. Neurohr, Sharon L. Van Sell","doi":"10.15344/2394-4978/2018/280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2394-4978/2018/280","url":null,"abstract":"The authors developed the concept differentiate as applied to the advanced practice nurse (APN) due to the lack of a current theory regarding the subject in the existing nursing literature. For instance, the APN uses differential diagnosis daily in practice. A concept analysis of differentiate according to the Walker and Avant methodology and applied to the APN can assist the APN to conduct a differential diagnosis accurately to create a safer environment for the patient. Attributes of the concept differentiate, include the following: (a) critical thinking, (b) evidence-based literature, (c) Distinguish, (d) differences, (e) complexity, and (f) complete. In addition to attributes of the differentiate concept, antecedents and consequences further elucidate the concept differentiate, and a model representation combines these three aspects to create a complete picture of the concept differentiate applied to the APN. A model, borderline, and contrary case provide real-life APN examples of the concept. Finally, the authors explore the method for conducting a proper differential diagnosis in the APN’s practice to begin the patient’s healing process.","PeriodicalId":91514,"journal":{"name":"International journal of nursing & clinical practices","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48375653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-23DOI: 10.15344/2394-4978/2018/281
Sarah E. Byrne, Laurie Grizzard, Sharon L. Van Sell
Often used in all medical disciplines, balance has remained undefined as a concept in nursing science. Walker and Avant [1] developed a framework for concept analysis, used in analyzing the concept of balance in advanced practice nursing. The disciplines of physiotherapy and psychology have applied the concept of balance; however, nursing has not incorporated the concept of balance. The analysis of the concept of balance, therefore, included an operating definition and the following defining attributes of balance: (a) the human being; (b) the three parts making up the human being-the noetic, the physical, and the psyche; and (c) homeostasis. The goal of analyzing the concept of balance was for advanced practice nurses to incorporate the concept of balance into patient goals when diagnosing and providing care. Ideally, using the concept should result in optimal health and well-being for patients.
{"title":"A Concept Analysis of Balance","authors":"Sarah E. Byrne, Laurie Grizzard, Sharon L. Van Sell","doi":"10.15344/2394-4978/2018/281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2394-4978/2018/281","url":null,"abstract":"Often used in all medical disciplines, balance has remained undefined as a concept in nursing science. Walker and Avant [1] developed a framework for concept analysis, used in analyzing the concept of balance in advanced practice nursing. The disciplines of physiotherapy and psychology have applied the concept of balance; however, nursing has not incorporated the concept of balance. The analysis of the concept of balance, therefore, included an operating definition and the following defining attributes of balance: (a) the human being; (b) the three parts making up the human being-the noetic, the physical, and the psyche; and (c) homeostasis. The goal of analyzing the concept of balance was for advanced practice nurses to incorporate the concept of balance into patient goals when diagnosing and providing care. Ideally, using the concept should result in optimal health and well-being for patients.","PeriodicalId":91514,"journal":{"name":"International journal of nursing & clinical practices","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45485038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-16DOI: 10.15344/2394-4978/2018/279
Jenny Phillips, Darron Hazelby
Students are faced with many stressors within their academic life & this situation is made harder due to the fact that they may be separated from their known & familiar support networks. Students today are also impacted by additional stress through escalating loan debt and uncertain post-graduation job security. Middlesex University has pioneered a new initiative by using dogs as a form of therapy and a strategy to improve positive student experience. Providing them with an opportunity to interact with these canine assistant teachers helps to combat these problems. The Nursing Skills Department in collaboration with a Child Health lecturer is using canine assistant teachers with the nursing student’s.
{"title":"Canine Assistant Teacher's for Student Nurses Wellbeing","authors":"Jenny Phillips, Darron Hazelby","doi":"10.15344/2394-4978/2018/279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2394-4978/2018/279","url":null,"abstract":"Students are faced with many stressors within their academic life & this situation is made harder due to the fact that they may be separated from their known & familiar support networks. Students today are also impacted by additional stress through escalating loan debt and uncertain post-graduation job security. Middlesex University has pioneered a new initiative by using dogs as a form of therapy and a strategy to improve positive student experience. Providing them with an opportunity to interact with these canine assistant teachers helps to combat these problems. The Nursing Skills Department in collaboration with a Child Health lecturer is using canine assistant teachers with the nursing student’s.","PeriodicalId":91514,"journal":{"name":"International journal of nursing & clinical practices","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41454884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-05DOI: 10.15344/2394-4978/2018/278
Pamela Fonju, K. Louie
Introduction: Hypertension is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease, premature morbidity and mortality worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates a global prevalence of approximately 1 billion adults and projects an increase to 1.7 billion by 2025. Global hypertension is on a steady rise in developing countries. The use of anti-hypertensive medications has been shown to produce significant gains; however, non-adherence remains a global health problem. This study examines factors associated with medication adherence among hypertensive adults in the North West Regions of Cameroon. The study framework was guided by Bandura’s theory of self-efficacy. Methods: This project utilized a descriptive cross-sectional survey design. Data was collected by selfadministered questionnaires with a convenience sample of established patients in two hospitals. Two surveys included the demographic tool (15 items) and the Modified Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). The Cronbach alpha is .83 [1]. Results: The total sample (n=200) completed the surveys. 47% (n = 94) reported a normal blood pressure. The mean systolic blood pressure was 141mm/Hg and diastolic blood pressure was 85mm/Hg. Mean adherence score was 6.33, SD=2.089. Adherence scores findings showed 31% (n = 63) low adherence, 32% (n= 64) medium adherence and 36% (n=73) high adherence. A significant weak negative correlation was found with adherence and blood pressure in systolic BP (r (198) = -.204, p
{"title":"Factors Associated with Medication Adherence among Hypertensive Adults in the North West Region of Cameroon","authors":"Pamela Fonju, K. Louie","doi":"10.15344/2394-4978/2018/278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2394-4978/2018/278","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hypertension is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease, premature morbidity and mortality worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates a global prevalence of approximately 1 billion adults and projects an increase to 1.7 billion by 2025. Global hypertension is on a steady rise in developing countries. The use of anti-hypertensive medications has been shown to produce significant gains; however, non-adherence remains a global health problem. This study examines factors associated with medication adherence among hypertensive adults in the North West Regions of Cameroon. The study framework was guided by Bandura’s theory of self-efficacy. Methods: This project utilized a descriptive cross-sectional survey design. Data was collected by selfadministered questionnaires with a convenience sample of established patients in two hospitals. Two surveys included the demographic tool (15 items) and the Modified Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). The Cronbach alpha is .83 [1]. Results: The total sample (n=200) completed the surveys. 47% (n = 94) reported a normal blood pressure. The mean systolic blood pressure was 141mm/Hg and diastolic blood pressure was 85mm/Hg. Mean adherence score was 6.33, SD=2.089. Adherence scores findings showed 31% (n = 63) low adherence, 32% (n= 64) medium adherence and 36% (n=73) high adherence. A significant weak negative correlation was found with adherence and blood pressure in systolic BP (r (198) = -.204, p","PeriodicalId":91514,"journal":{"name":"International journal of nursing & clinical practices","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49222080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-25DOI: 10.15344/2394-4978/2018/277
R. Baljoon, H. Banjar, M. Banakhar
Objective: This review is aimed to examine nurses’ work motivation and factors affecting it. Methodology: Cochrane library, MEDLINE, PubMed, Science Direct, Cumulative Index Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), ProQuest and Ovid databases were searched, covering the period 2011 to 2017. Studies were included if they concerned nurses’ work motivation and the factors affecting it. Results: In the yielded studies, nurses’ work motivation is affected by several personal and organisational factors. Nurses’ age, years of experience, autonomy, educational level and administrative positions were found as personal characteristics that affect nurses’ work motivation level. Moreover, nurses' empowerment, work engagement, pay and financial benefits, supervision, promotion, contingent rewards, supportive relationship (co-workers), communication and nature of work were identified in the literature as organizational factors affecting nurses’ work motivation. Conclusion: This review confirmed that nurses' work motivation was often affected by several personal and organizational factors which are crucial in affecting the level of nurses' work motivation.
目的:了解护理人员的工作动机及其影响因素。方法:检索Cochrane library、MEDLINE、PubMed、Science Direct、Cumulative Index Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL)、ProQuest和Ovid数据库，检索时间为2011 - 2017年。涉及护士工作动机及其影响因素的研究均纳入研究。结果:在本研究中，护士的工作动机受到个人因素和组织因素的影响。年龄、经验年限、自主性、学历、行政职务是影响护士工作动机水平的个人特征。此外，在文献中，护士的授权、工作投入、薪酬和经济利益、监督、晋升、偶然奖励、支持关系(同事)、沟通和工作性质是影响护士工作动机的组织因素。结论:本综述证实护士的工作动机经常受到个人因素和组织因素的影响，这些因素是影响护士工作动机水平的关键因素。
{"title":"Nurses' Work Motivation and the Factors Affecting It: A Scoping Review","authors":"R. Baljoon, H. Banjar, M. Banakhar","doi":"10.15344/2394-4978/2018/277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2394-4978/2018/277","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This review is aimed to examine nurses’ work motivation and factors affecting it. Methodology: Cochrane library, MEDLINE, PubMed, Science Direct, Cumulative Index Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), ProQuest and Ovid databases were searched, covering the period 2011 to 2017. Studies were included if they concerned nurses’ work motivation and the factors affecting it. Results: In the yielded studies, nurses’ work motivation is affected by several personal and organisational factors. Nurses’ age, years of experience, autonomy, educational level and administrative positions were found as personal characteristics that affect nurses’ work motivation level. Moreover, nurses' empowerment, work engagement, pay and financial benefits, supervision, promotion, contingent rewards, supportive relationship (co-workers), communication and nature of work were identified in the literature as organizational factors affecting nurses’ work motivation. Conclusion: This review confirmed that nurses' work motivation was often affected by several personal and organizational factors which are crucial in affecting the level of nurses' work motivation.","PeriodicalId":91514,"journal":{"name":"International journal of nursing & clinical practices","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41299196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-05DOI: 10.15344/2394-4978/2018/275
Patricia M. Vanhook, Trish Aniol, J. Orzechowski, G. Babalola
The impetus for the recognition of the need for legal partners in healthcare came from Boston City Hospital in 1993. The hospital provided care to the largest uninsured and underinsured population in the New England states. The pediatric patients were noted by Dr. Barry Zuckerman to have difficulty in recovering from medical illnesses. He linked their inability to improve their health to poor housing, food insecurity, and basic social determinants of health. His hiring of a part-time lawyer led to a national movement for the development of medical-legal partnerships. The American Bar Association, the National Center for Medical-Legal Partnerships at George Washington University in Washington, DC and the American Academy of Pediatrics formed the first national medical-legal partnership in 2007. Joint resolutions were passed for members to become partners with the other professional colleagues to “address the legal and social issues affecting patient health and well-being.” The American Bar Association resolution led to the creation of the Medical-Legal Partnership Pro Bono Project. In 2015, the East Tennessee State University College of Nursing nurse-led community health center was awarded a small grant from the National Nurse Centers Consortium to participate in the development of a medical-legal partnership. The health center is staffed by Nurse Practitioners who provide health care for the underserved in northeast Tennessee. The patients are diverse and include homeless, migrants, residents of public housing, uninsured, and underinsured. Partnering with the Tennessee Justice Center in Nashville, Tennessee, the nurse-led medical legal partnership improved lives of pediatric patients, adults, pregnant women across the state, and advocacy rights for those who cannot speak for themselves.
{"title":"Nurses forming legal partnerships to meet the needs of the underserved in rural America","authors":"Patricia M. Vanhook, Trish Aniol, J. Orzechowski, G. Babalola","doi":"10.15344/2394-4978/2018/275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2394-4978/2018/275","url":null,"abstract":"The impetus for the recognition of the need for legal partners in healthcare came from Boston City Hospital in 1993. The hospital provided care to the largest uninsured and underinsured population in the New England states. The pediatric patients were noted by Dr. Barry Zuckerman to have difficulty in recovering from medical illnesses. He linked their inability to improve their health to poor housing, food insecurity, and basic social determinants of health. His hiring of a part-time lawyer led to a national movement for the development of medical-legal partnerships. The American Bar Association, the National Center for Medical-Legal Partnerships at George Washington University in Washington, DC and the American Academy of Pediatrics formed the first national medical-legal partnership in 2007. Joint resolutions were passed for members to become partners with the other professional colleagues to “address the legal and social issues affecting patient health and well-being.” The American Bar Association resolution led to the creation of the Medical-Legal Partnership Pro Bono Project. In 2015, the East Tennessee State University College of Nursing nurse-led community health center was awarded a small grant from the National Nurse Centers Consortium to participate in the development of a medical-legal partnership. The health center is staffed by Nurse Practitioners who provide health care for the underserved in northeast Tennessee. The patients are diverse and include homeless, migrants, residents of public housing, uninsured, and underinsured. Partnering with the Tennessee Justice Center in Nashville, Tennessee, the nurse-led medical legal partnership improved lives of pediatric patients, adults, pregnant women across the state, and advocacy rights for those who cannot speak for themselves.","PeriodicalId":91514,"journal":{"name":"International journal of nursing & clinical practices","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41451801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-16DOI: 10.15344/2394-4978/2018/274
A. Tompa, A. Bíró, Mátyás G. Jakab
Background: Health professionals chronically exposed to anesthetic gases in the operating rooms are at higher risk of lung diseases, hematological, immunological and reproductive alterations. Anesthetic gas exposure often exceeds the safety limits, especially in the case of pediatric anesthetists, or when no proper ventilation has been installed in operating theaters. In the present study we assessed the health risk among anesthetics exposed nurses and measured genotoxicological parameters in the presence or absence of confounding factors such as smoking. Methods: The investigations were carried out in 128 subjects exposed to anesthetic gases from health services. The data were compared to 137 healthy, non-exposed controls. The measured biomarkers were: clinical laboratory routine tests, completed with genotoxicological (chromosome aberrations and sisterchromatid exchange, DNA repair and apoptosis) monitoring system. The exposed group was divided into Halothane and Non-Halothane exposed subgroups to compare the differences within exposures. Results: In the group of health personnel exposed to anesthetic gases, we did not find significant changes in the frequency of chromosome aberrations. Sister-chromatide exchange rates in Halothane exposed and control smokers was increased, compared to nonsmokers. We also found a decrease of apoptosis and inhibition of UV induced DNA repair capacity compared to controls. The exposed individuals had high incidences of malignant diseases (9.3%) mainly breast, skin, and colon cancers. Conclusion: Low level of cytogenetic changes may be related to the decreased apoptotic rate of peripheral blood lymphocytes due to the low risk of misrepair from a decreased DNA-repair capacity. Our results suggest that our biomarkers can be useful in tracking occupational/environmental genotoxic effects among anesthetic gases exposed personnel.
{"title":"Cytogenetic, DNA-repair and Apoptosis Studies in Hospital Nurses’ Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Occupationally Exposed to Volatile Anesthetic Gases","authors":"A. Tompa, A. Bíró, Mátyás G. Jakab","doi":"10.15344/2394-4978/2018/274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2394-4978/2018/274","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Health professionals chronically exposed to anesthetic gases in the operating rooms are at higher risk of lung diseases, hematological, immunological and reproductive alterations. Anesthetic gas exposure often exceeds the safety limits, especially in the case of pediatric anesthetists, or when no proper ventilation has been installed in operating theaters. In the present study we assessed the health risk among anesthetics exposed nurses and measured genotoxicological parameters in the presence or absence of confounding factors such as smoking. Methods: The investigations were carried out in 128 subjects exposed to anesthetic gases from health services. The data were compared to 137 healthy, non-exposed controls. The measured biomarkers were: clinical laboratory routine tests, completed with genotoxicological (chromosome aberrations and sisterchromatid exchange, DNA repair and apoptosis) monitoring system. The exposed group was divided into Halothane and Non-Halothane exposed subgroups to compare the differences within exposures. Results: In the group of health personnel exposed to anesthetic gases, we did not find significant changes in the frequency of chromosome aberrations. Sister-chromatide exchange rates in Halothane exposed and control smokers was increased, compared to nonsmokers. We also found a decrease of apoptosis and inhibition of UV induced DNA repair capacity compared to controls. The exposed individuals had high incidences of malignant diseases (9.3%) mainly breast, skin, and colon cancers. Conclusion: Low level of cytogenetic changes may be related to the decreased apoptotic rate of peripheral blood lymphocytes due to the low risk of misrepair from a decreased DNA-repair capacity. Our results suggest that our biomarkers can be useful in tracking occupational/environmental genotoxic effects among anesthetic gases exposed personnel.","PeriodicalId":91514,"journal":{"name":"International journal of nursing & clinical practices","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43309304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-12DOI: 10.15344/2394-4978/2018/273
K. Louis
This paper seeks to highlight a program designed to address health disparities in Haiti through nursing education and technology by empowering Haitian nurses to provide evidence-based care. Haiti carries a heavy burden of disease compared to the rest of the world; infant and maternal mortality rates are the highest in the Americas and life expectancy the lowest. Haiti has a long history of misfortunes that lead to its current overwhelming health disparities including poverty, social policies, and natural disasters. These, in addition to inadequate regulatory standards and lack of practice guidelines present challenges to nurses practicing in Haiti. Although the majority of health care in Haiti is provided by nurses, there has been little attention given to continuing nursing education. Through sharing of knowledge during seminars and mentoring, foreign nursing faculty in collaboration with nurse educators on the ground, the nurses at one hospital are exposed to continuing education on a regular basis. The program consists of week-long educational seminars addressing specific topics and access to nursing information through iPads provided by a non-profit organization. A needs assessment precedes each educational trip. The local nurse educator works with the staff nurses to identify topics based on health care issues in the population and the educational needs of the nurses. The most common admitting diagnoses also serve as a guide for continuing education topics. Each presentation is preceded by a pre-test and followed with a posttest to evaluate the impact on nursing knowledge. Our findings indicate that the seminars have a significant impact on nursing knowledge, as evidenced by a 40% increase in post-test scores on average. Culturally congruent programs that enhance nursing knowledge provide the first step toward improving nursing practices directed to improve health care outcomes in Haiti.
{"title":"Addressing Health Disparities in Haiti Through Nursing Education and Technology","authors":"K. Louis","doi":"10.15344/2394-4978/2018/273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2394-4978/2018/273","url":null,"abstract":"This paper seeks to highlight a program designed to address health disparities in Haiti through nursing education and technology by empowering Haitian nurses to provide evidence-based care. Haiti carries a heavy burden of disease compared to the rest of the world; infant and maternal mortality rates are the highest in the Americas and life expectancy the lowest. Haiti has a long history of misfortunes that lead to its current overwhelming health disparities including poverty, social policies, and natural disasters. These, in addition to inadequate regulatory standards and lack of practice guidelines present challenges to nurses practicing in Haiti. Although the majority of health care in Haiti is provided by nurses, there has been little attention given to continuing nursing education. Through sharing of knowledge during seminars and mentoring, foreign nursing faculty in collaboration with nurse educators on the ground, the nurses at one hospital are exposed to continuing education on a regular basis. The program consists of week-long educational seminars addressing specific topics and access to nursing information through iPads provided by a non-profit organization. A needs assessment precedes each educational trip. The local nurse educator works with the staff nurses to identify topics based on health care issues in the population and the educational needs of the nurses. The most common admitting diagnoses also serve as a guide for continuing education topics. Each presentation is preceded by a pre-test and followed with a posttest to evaluate the impact on nursing knowledge. Our findings indicate that the seminars have a significant impact on nursing knowledge, as evidenced by a 40% increase in post-test scores on average. Culturally congruent programs that enhance nursing knowledge provide the first step toward improving nursing practices directed to improve health care outcomes in Haiti.","PeriodicalId":91514,"journal":{"name":"International journal of nursing & clinical practices","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44052120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: In recent years, primary schools have provided collaborative Sexuality and Relationships Education in cooperation with external providers such as health professionals. However, there has been little literature about primary school students’ learning through the collaborative Sexuality and Relationships Education Programs, especially from the point of view of children. The purpose of this study was to explore the learning of the fourth graders in primary school who have been taught Sexuality and Relationships Education under the cooperation of midwives, the school nurse and school teachers. Methods: After providing the collaborative Sexuality and Relationships Education Programs to students, open-ended questionnaires were distributed. Inductive qualitative content analysis was undertaken for examining students' description. Results: Nine sub-categories, four categories, and two themes were identified. Fourth grade students understood physical, emotional, and social changes associated with puberty from the viewpoint of “Fundamental aspects of growth and development, and diversity”, and “Development of reproductive functions”. In addition, students comprehended the life from the point of view of “Conception, pregnancy, and childbirth”, and “The importance of relationships and life”. Conclusion: Through experiences of taking the collaborative Sexuality and Relationships Education Programs, the fourth graders in primary school developed: an understanding of health and development of puberty and of importance of respecting and thinking of others. The growth and development related to the mechanisms behind reproductive physiology during puberty need to be prospectively provided with evidence considering students’ needs and developmental stages. Furthermore, the evidence cannot just be simply stated; it is necessary to associate it with students’ life experiences and relationships with others, and for classes to be provided in various methods to encourage creative thinking.
{"title":"Qualitative Study of Primary School Students' Learning through Sexuality and Relationships Education Programs under the Collaboration of Midwives, School Nurse and School Teachers in Japan","authors":"Chisato Kimura, Mami Sonobe, Mayumi Ikeda, Tomomi Azuma, Miho Hamasaka, N. Hirata","doi":"10.15344/2394-4978/2018/272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2394-4978/2018/272","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In recent years, primary schools have provided collaborative Sexuality and Relationships Education in cooperation with external providers such as health professionals. However, there has been little literature about primary school students’ learning through the collaborative Sexuality and Relationships Education Programs, especially from the point of view of children. The purpose of this study was to explore the learning of the fourth graders in primary school who have been taught Sexuality and Relationships Education under the cooperation of midwives, the school nurse and school teachers. Methods: After providing the collaborative Sexuality and Relationships Education Programs to students, open-ended questionnaires were distributed. Inductive qualitative content analysis was undertaken for examining students' description. Results: Nine sub-categories, four categories, and two themes were identified. Fourth grade students understood physical, emotional, and social changes associated with puberty from the viewpoint of “Fundamental aspects of growth and development, and diversity”, and “Development of reproductive functions”. In addition, students comprehended the life from the point of view of “Conception, pregnancy, and childbirth”, and “The importance of relationships and life”. Conclusion: Through experiences of taking the collaborative Sexuality and Relationships Education Programs, the fourth graders in primary school developed: an understanding of health and development of puberty and of importance of respecting and thinking of others. The growth and development related to the mechanisms behind reproductive physiology during puberty need to be prospectively provided with evidence considering students’ needs and developmental stages. Furthermore, the evidence cannot just be simply stated; it is necessary to associate it with students’ life experiences and relationships with others, and for classes to be provided in various methods to encourage creative thinking.","PeriodicalId":91514,"journal":{"name":"International journal of nursing & clinical practices","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47094532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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