Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.11
Nicole Mussi, Erika Maugeri, Michela Deolmi, A. Scarpa, Emilio Casolari, Giovanna Pisi, V. Fainardi, Susanna Esposito
Background; Congenital malformations like oesophageal atresia (OA) and tracheo-esophageal fistula (TOF), congenital pulmonary airway malformations (CPAMs), congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and vascular rings (VRs) can influence lung development and respiratory function with significant impact on individuals, families, and health care system. This observational study outlines our multidisciplinary approach and respiratory follow-up for children with these congenital malformations. Methods; We collected clinical data of children followed at the Pediatric Respiratory Unit of Parma University Hospital (Italy) between January 2015 and May 2023. Results; Thirty-five patients have been included. The most common anomalies were AE (n = 12) and CHD (n = 9), followed by CPAMs (n = 9) and VRs (n = 5). In 50% of patients, the diagnosis was made through prenatal ultrasound, particularly in almost all patients with CPAMs (88.8%) and CDH (77.7%), contrary to OE, diagnosed postnatally in the majority of patients (83%). Children underwent their first respiratory visit at an average age of 2.5 years, follow-up was conducted on average every 6 months. More than half of patients (54%) was hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infections, particularly those with OA and those aged <3 years. Eight out of the 16 children capable of performing spirometry showed abnormalities in lung function. Conclusions; Children with congenital malformations are at risk of short and long-term respiratory complications. A personalized follow-up with close collaboration between pediatric pulmonologist, surgeon, neonatologist, physiotherapist is essential to optimize their management and improve their respiratory function.
{"title":"Respiratory Follow-up in a Cohort of Children with Congenital Malformations Affecting Lung Development: A Cohort Study","authors":"Nicole Mussi, Erika Maugeri, Michela Deolmi, A. Scarpa, Emilio Casolari, Giovanna Pisi, V. Fainardi, Susanna Esposito","doi":"10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.11","url":null,"abstract":"Background; Congenital malformations like oesophageal atresia (OA) and tracheo-esophageal fistula (TOF), congenital pulmonary airway malformations (CPAMs), congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and vascular rings (VRs) can influence lung development and respiratory function with significant impact on individuals, families, and health care system. This observational study outlines our multidisciplinary approach and respiratory follow-up for children with these congenital malformations. \u0000Methods; We collected clinical data of children followed at the Pediatric Respiratory Unit of Parma University Hospital (Italy) between January 2015 and May 2023. \u0000Results; Thirty-five patients have been included. The most common anomalies were AE (n = 12) and CHD (n = 9), followed by CPAMs (n = 9) and VRs (n = 5). In 50% of patients, the diagnosis was made through prenatal ultrasound, particularly in almost all patients with CPAMs (88.8%) and CDH (77.7%), contrary to OE, diagnosed postnatally in the majority of patients (83%). Children underwent their first respiratory visit at an average age of 2.5 years, follow-up was conducted on average every 6 months. More than half of patients (54%) was hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infections, particularly those with OA and those aged <3 years. Eight out of the 16 children capable of performing spirometry showed abnormalities in lung function. \u0000Conclusions; Children with congenital malformations are at risk of short and long-term respiratory complications. A personalized follow-up with close collaboration between pediatric pulmonologist, surgeon, neonatologist, physiotherapist is essential to optimize their management and improve their respiratory function.","PeriodicalId":91713,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatrics and child health","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141676110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.09
A. Camporesi, E. Zoia, I. Raso, S. Ferrario, Veronica Diotto, Francesca Izzo, Massimo Garbin, Giorgio E.M. Melloni
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) treatment is still under debate and involves Intravenous Immunoglobulins (IVIG) and/or steroids. We retrospectively analysed data from the patients admitted to Our Institution during the year 2020 to investigate whether prompt IVIG treatment conditions cardiac dysfunction and need for support and if addition of steroids in different doses correlates with outcomes. Days of fever, time between fever appearance and IVIG treatment, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF%) at admission and Cardiac Function Recovery Time (time between worst LVEF and resume of LVEF >55%) were used as outcomes. 38 patients were admitted with MIS-C. All except one received IVIG; 24 received also different Methylprednisolone dosages. Time to IVIG treatment, adjusted for age and sex, correlated with global duration of fever (Coefficient: 1.2; 95% CI:0.73-1.68) and with Vasoactive Inotropic Score (VIS) (Coefficient: 0.09; 95% CI 0.02-0.15), with pericardial effusion (Coefficient: 2.37; 95% CI: 0.45-4.2). Global duration of fever was associated with time to IVIG (Coefficient: 0.8; 95% CI :0.49-1.13) and positive Covid-19 swab (Coefficient: 1.71; 95% CI 0.21-3.22). Cardiac Function Recovery Time did not show differences with different steroid dose regimens. High-dose steroids did not show any benefit in our cohort.
{"title":"Are Steroids Always Necessary in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)?","authors":"A. Camporesi, E. Zoia, I. Raso, S. Ferrario, Veronica Diotto, Francesca Izzo, Massimo Garbin, Giorgio E.M. Melloni","doi":"10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.09","url":null,"abstract":"Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) treatment is still under debate and involves Intravenous Immunoglobulins (IVIG) and/or steroids. We retrospectively analysed data from the patients admitted to Our Institution during the year 2020 to investigate whether prompt IVIG treatment conditions cardiac dysfunction and need for support and if addition of steroids in different doses correlates with outcomes. \u0000Days of fever, time between fever appearance and IVIG treatment, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF%) at admission and Cardiac Function Recovery Time (time between worst LVEF and resume of LVEF >55%) were used as outcomes. \u000038 patients were admitted with MIS-C. All except one received IVIG; 24 received also different Methylprednisolone dosages. Time to IVIG treatment, adjusted for age and sex, correlated with global duration of fever (Coefficient: 1.2; 95% CI:0.73-1.68) and with Vasoactive Inotropic Score (VIS) (Coefficient: 0.09; 95% CI 0.02-0.15), with pericardial effusion (Coefficient: 2.37; 95% CI: 0.45-4.2). Global duration of fever was associated with time to IVIG (Coefficient: 0.8; 95% CI :0.49-1.13) and positive Covid-19 swab (Coefficient: 1.71; 95% CI 0.21-3.22). Cardiac Function Recovery Time did not show differences with different steroid dose regimens. High-dose steroids did not show any benefit in our cohort.","PeriodicalId":91713,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatrics and child health","volume":"61 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141346923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.08
Giovanni Battista Dell’Isola, Antonella De Lillo, Martina Giorgia Perinelli, Valeria Ottaviani, Pasquale Striano, Alberto Verrotti
The management of pediatric drooling presents challenges requiring tailored therapeutic approaches. This scoping review examines the efficacy and safety of glycopyrronium in addressing drooling across diverse pediatric populations. Glycopyrronium, an anticholinergic medication, inhibits salivary gland activity, offering promise in managing drooling. Clinical trials and observational studies consistently demonstrate its effectiveness, particularly in children with neurological disabilities like cerebral palsy. Notably, glycopyrronium exhibits efficacy even at lower dosages, emphasizing personalized treatment. However, potential side effects such as dry mouth and vision changes necessitate careful monitoring. Future research should explore predictors of treatment response and include diverse patient populations to optimize management strategies. Overall, glycopyrronium emerges as a valuable therapeutic option for pediatric drooling, improving quality of life for affected children. This review underscores the importance of tailored approaches and highlights the need for further research to enhance outcomes in pediatric drooling management.
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Glycopyrronium in Drooling Managment: A Scoping Review Protocol","authors":"Giovanni Battista Dell’Isola, Antonella De Lillo, Martina Giorgia Perinelli, Valeria Ottaviani, Pasquale Striano, Alberto Verrotti","doi":"10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.08","url":null,"abstract":"The management of pediatric drooling presents challenges requiring tailored therapeutic approaches. This scoping review examines the efficacy and safety of glycopyrronium in addressing drooling across diverse pediatric populations. Glycopyrronium, an anticholinergic medication, inhibits salivary gland activity, offering promise in managing drooling. Clinical trials and observational studies consistently demonstrate its effectiveness, particularly in children with neurological disabilities like cerebral palsy. Notably, glycopyrronium exhibits efficacy even at lower dosages, emphasizing personalized treatment. However, potential side effects such as dry mouth and vision changes necessitate careful monitoring. Future research should explore predictors of treatment response and include diverse patient populations to optimize management strategies. Overall, glycopyrronium emerges as a valuable therapeutic option for pediatric drooling, improving quality of life for affected children. This review underscores the importance of tailored approaches and highlights the need for further research to enhance outcomes in pediatric drooling management.","PeriodicalId":91713,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatrics and child health","volume":" 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141128307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.07
S. Palma, Laura Nascimbeni, Mariachiara Pecovela, Andrea Ciorba, Graziella Pirani, D. Monzani, Elisabetta Genovese
Hearing loss is among the utmost common disorders in children and a late diagnosis can impact language and cognitive development. With the aim of implementing an early hearing detection program (EHDP), the Emilia Romagna region has officially approved, since 2012, a NHS program distinguishing well babies and NICU children. Aim of this study is to evaluate the results of the application of these regional guidelines through data flow from the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS). Data of children born between 2012 and 2018 and admitted to the service in the same period were collected, 84 children (56 males,28 females) were enrolled; 65% of the children were taken in charge by CAMHS within the first year of life. Concerning the NHS results, 77 (91%) children resulted fail at the screening test (6 unilateral fails), while the result was not available in one case; 6 children resulted pass. Most cases, 79 (94%), presented bilateral hearing loss. In particular, 14 (17.8%) children had a profound hearing loss, 10 (12.6%) a severe hearing loss, 10 (12.6%) a mild hearing loss (6 were conductive), 22 (27.8%) a moderate hearing loss, and 23 (29.2%) a moderate/severe hearing loss. Finally, 5 resulted affected by unilateral hearing loss (2 profound hearing loss, 3 severe). This study confirmed that regional recommendations about early diagnosis of hearing loss have been applied and most children accessed the CAMHS timely. To this aim synergism between hospital and territorial services, determining the implementation of the organization system was the keystone.
{"title":"Pediatric Hearing Loss and the Multidisciplinary Approach. The Hearing Disability Team (HDT) Experience","authors":"S. Palma, Laura Nascimbeni, Mariachiara Pecovela, Andrea Ciorba, Graziella Pirani, D. Monzani, Elisabetta Genovese","doi":"10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.07","url":null,"abstract":"Hearing loss is among the utmost common disorders in children and a late diagnosis can impact language and cognitive development. With the aim of implementing an early hearing detection program (EHDP), the Emilia Romagna region has officially approved, since 2012, a NHS program distinguishing well babies and NICU children. Aim of this study is to evaluate the results of the application of these regional guidelines through data flow from the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS). \u0000Data of children born between 2012 and 2018 and admitted to the service in the same period were collected, 84 children (56 males,28 females) were enrolled; 65% of the children were taken in charge by CAMHS within the first year of life. Concerning the NHS results, 77 (91%) children resulted fail at the screening test (6 unilateral fails), while the result was not available in one case; 6 children resulted pass. Most cases, 79 (94%), presented bilateral hearing loss. In particular, 14 (17.8%) children had a profound hearing loss, 10 (12.6%) a severe hearing loss, 10 (12.6%) a mild hearing loss (6 were conductive), 22 (27.8%) a moderate hearing loss, and 23 (29.2%) a moderate/severe hearing loss. Finally, 5 resulted affected by unilateral hearing loss (2 profound hearing loss, 3 severe). \u0000This study confirmed that regional recommendations about early diagnosis of hearing loss have been applied and most children accessed the CAMHS timely. To this aim synergism between hospital and territorial services, determining the implementation of the organization system was the keystone.","PeriodicalId":91713,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatrics and child health","volume":"12 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140982286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.06
F. C. D. Razza, A. Balboni, L. Lugli, P. Bollero
Introduction: to investigate the palatal and craniofacial relationship in Class III growing patients between successful and failed treated groups. Methods: Thirty-one patients treated with RME/FM/BB were enrolled (inclusion criteria: Caucasian ancestry, III Class malocclusion, maturation stage CS1-CS2, mixed dentition). Digital cast and cephalometric analysis were performed on pre-treatment and post-treatment records. Statistical analysis and a discriminant analysis was performed. GMM was used on digital dental casts with Procrustes analysis to assess the covariation between palatal and craniofacial morphology. Two groups (relapse, R, 19 and success S, 12) were identified. Results: R group showed a greater maxillary-anterior transversal width at T0. At T1 R showed a shorter maxillary-anterior length than S. A larger maxillary-anterior and posterior-transversal widths was found in both groups. S had greater maxillary-anterior and posterior-sagittal length. A larger mandibular-anterior and posterior-transversal widths was shown in R, while S showed no differences in mandibula. Maxillary-anterior and maxillary-posterior length were two predictive variables found by discriminant analysis. The PC1 showed significant changes in the palatal morphology and revealed differences for the craniofacial vertical components. Palatal and craniofacial shapes showed a significant covariation, linking the palatal width to skeletal divergence. Discussion: In Class III malocclusion increases in vertical divergence are correlated with a higher palatal vault and narrower width. A wider and shorter maxillary morphology could be a relapse factor for Class III orthopedic treatment, while the lack of mandibular modification could be predisposing for treatment success.
{"title":"Craniofacial Morphology and Knowledge of the Stability in Class III Malocclusion Growing Subjects","authors":"F. C. D. Razza, A. Balboni, L. Lugli, P. Bollero","doi":"10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.06","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: to investigate the palatal and craniofacial relationship in Class III growing patients between successful and failed treated groups. \u0000Methods: Thirty-one patients treated with RME/FM/BB were enrolled (inclusion criteria: Caucasian ancestry, III Class malocclusion, maturation stage CS1-CS2, mixed dentition). Digital cast and cephalometric analysis were performed on pre-treatment and post-treatment records. Statistical analysis and a discriminant analysis was performed. GMM was used on digital dental casts with Procrustes analysis to assess the covariation between palatal and craniofacial morphology. Two groups (relapse, R, 19 and success S, 12) were identified. \u0000Results: R group showed a greater maxillary-anterior transversal width at T0. At T1 R showed a shorter maxillary-anterior length than S. A larger maxillary-anterior and posterior-transversal widths was found in both groups. S had greater maxillary-anterior and posterior-sagittal length. A larger mandibular-anterior and posterior-transversal widths was shown in R, while S showed no differences in mandibula. Maxillary-anterior and maxillary-posterior length were two predictive variables found by discriminant analysis. The PC1 showed significant changes in the palatal morphology and revealed differences for the craniofacial vertical components. Palatal and craniofacial shapes showed a significant covariation, linking the palatal width to skeletal divergence. \u0000Discussion: In Class III malocclusion increases in vertical divergence are correlated with a higher palatal vault and narrower width. A wider and shorter maxillary morphology could be a relapse factor for Class III orthopedic treatment, while the lack of mandibular modification could be predisposing for treatment success.","PeriodicalId":91713,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatrics and child health","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141004152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-05DOI: 10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.05
Manuela Giuseppa Ingrascì, Claudia Cammarata, Sergio Siragusa, Marta Mattana, M. Napolitano
Inherited platelet disorders, including platelet storage pool diseases (SPDs), manifest in various bleeding symptoms, with severity often categorized based on their effects on either the surface receptors or internal structures of platelets [1]. This rare condition, characterized by defects in platelet granules, exhibits broad phenotypic variability, ranging from mild bruising to severe hemorrhages. Diagnosis involves specialized analyses such as platelet aggregation and genetic studies, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach for management [2]. Our case report describes a child with recurrent epistaxis, initially diagnosed with immune thrombocytopenia. Subsequent presentations led to suspicion of von Willebrand disease, but further examinations revealed a platelet function disorder. Genetic testing confirmed mutations associated with SPD. Treatment options include desmopressin, antifibrinolytic agents, and platelet transfusions, tailored to individual needs. The discussion underscores the diverse manifestations of SPD, emphasizing the importance of thorough diagnostic assessments. Treatment strategies aim to alleviate bleeding symptoms and mitigate associated risks, with a strong focus on personalized care. Challenges in managing SPD include missed diagnoses and the influence of genetic variations on disease severity. Ultimately, early detection and individualized therapies are essential for effectively managing SPD, underscoring the ongoing need for research to enhance outcomes for affected individuals.
遗传性血小板疾病，包括血小板储存库疾病（SPDs），表现为各种出血症状，其严重程度通常根据其对血小板表面受体或内部结构的影响进行分类[1]。这种以血小板颗粒缺陷为特征的罕见疾病表现出广泛的表型差异，从轻微瘀伤到严重出血不等。诊断需要进行专门的分析，如血小板聚集和基因研究，因此必须采用多学科方法进行管理 [2]。我们的病例报告描述了一名反复鼻衄的患儿，最初诊断为免疫性血小板减少症。随后的症状让人怀疑是冯-威廉氏病，但进一步检查发现是血小板功能紊乱。基因检测证实了与 SPD 相关的突变。治疗方案包括去氨加压素、抗纤维蛋白溶解剂和血小板输注，并根据个人需求量身定制。讨论强调了 SPD 的多种表现形式，强调了全面诊断评估的重要性。治疗策略旨在减轻出血症状并降低相关风险，重点关注个性化护理。管理 SPD 所面临的挑战包括漏诊和基因变异对疾病严重程度的影响。归根结底，早期检测和个体化治疗对于有效控制 SPD 至关重要，这也强调了为提高患者的治疗效果而持续开展研究的必要性。
{"title":"Understanding and Managing Inherited Platelet Disorders: A Case Study of Storage Pool Disease","authors":"Manuela Giuseppa Ingrascì, Claudia Cammarata, Sergio Siragusa, Marta Mattana, M. Napolitano","doi":"10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.05","url":null,"abstract":"Inherited platelet disorders, including platelet storage pool diseases (SPDs), manifest in various bleeding symptoms, with severity often categorized based on their effects on either the surface receptors or internal structures of platelets [1]. This rare condition, characterized by defects in platelet granules, exhibits broad phenotypic variability, ranging from mild bruising to severe hemorrhages. Diagnosis involves specialized analyses such as platelet aggregation and genetic studies, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach for management [2]. Our case report describes a child with recurrent epistaxis, initially diagnosed with immune thrombocytopenia. Subsequent presentations led to suspicion of von Willebrand disease, but further examinations revealed a platelet function disorder. Genetic testing confirmed mutations associated with SPD. Treatment options include desmopressin, antifibrinolytic agents, and platelet transfusions, tailored to individual needs. The discussion underscores the diverse manifestations of SPD, emphasizing the importance of thorough diagnostic assessments. Treatment strategies aim to alleviate bleeding symptoms and mitigate associated risks, with a strong focus on personalized care. Challenges in managing SPD include missed diagnoses and the influence of genetic variations on disease severity. Ultimately, early detection and individualized therapies are essential for effectively managing SPD, underscoring the ongoing need for research to enhance outcomes for affected individuals.","PeriodicalId":91713,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatrics and child health","volume":"226 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141013016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-02DOI: 10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.03
Elsa Vitale, Francesca Trevisi, A. Lezzi, Simone Zacchino, Laura Valenzano, Cosimo Caldararo, Erika D’Amanzo, Angelo Benedetto, C. Petrelli, Federico Cucci, A. Calabrò, Salvatore Latina, R. Lupo
Aim: To evaluate how the life of a parent changes from a psychological, social and economic point of view and to investigate levels of anxiety and depression perceived from the moment of diagnosis of the child's Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Methods: From March to December 2021 an observational, cross sectional multicentre study was conducted. Results: A total of 372 parents were recruited in this survey. From data collected, most of parents reported high depression than anxiety levels. Parents interviewed declared that in most of the life spheres, such as: social, working, family, the presence of their sons with ADS have importantly influenced their lives. No significant associations were recorded between the autistic child habits or behaviors and the presence of anxiety among participants. On the other hand, motor and vocalist which could create serious disturbance among neighborhood was significantly associated with depression condition (p=0.021). Conclusions: It has been shown that social, psychological and economic support from institutions and professionals is still very low.
{"title":"The Relationship between Autism Spectrum Disorder among Children and Perceived Functioning among Parents in Italy","authors":"Elsa Vitale, Francesca Trevisi, A. Lezzi, Simone Zacchino, Laura Valenzano, Cosimo Caldararo, Erika D’Amanzo, Angelo Benedetto, C. Petrelli, Federico Cucci, A. Calabrò, Salvatore Latina, R. Lupo","doi":"10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.03","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To evaluate how the life of a parent changes from a psychological, social and economic point of view and to investigate levels of anxiety and depression perceived from the moment of diagnosis of the child's Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). \u0000Methods: From March to December 2021 an observational, cross sectional multicentre study was conducted. \u0000Results: A total of 372 parents were recruited in this survey. From data collected, most of parents reported high depression than anxiety levels. Parents interviewed declared that in most of the life spheres, such as: social, working, family, the presence of their sons with ADS have importantly influenced their lives. No significant associations were recorded between the autistic child habits or behaviors and the presence of anxiety among participants. On the other hand, motor and vocalist which could create serious disturbance among neighborhood was significantly associated with depression condition (p=0.021). \u0000Conclusions: It has been shown that social, psychological and economic support from institutions and professionals is still very low.","PeriodicalId":91713,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatrics and child health","volume":"27 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140081436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study describes the neonatal orthoptic screening battery (NOSB), a comprehensive orthoptic screening, based on four decades of application, aimed at early identification of signs and symptoms of ocular pathology or functional disorders. The NOSB allows for verifying the integrity of ocular components and early detection of functional alterations in ocular movements that could lead to the development of amblyopia or strabismus. The NOSB is the result of 45 years of screening activity in a primary health center assured by the National Health System in the city of Ragusa – Italy. It aims to examine and assess the neonate within the first 3 days of extrauterine life to identify visual system issues as early as possible. The NOSB may be conducted by Orthoptists, healthcare professionals specializing in neonatal and pediatric visual prevention. The Neonatal Orthoptic Screening battery (NOSB) here reported is proposed as a standard suitable for widespread adoption to be considered a "Best Practice".
{"title":"Neonatal Orthoptic Screening Battery (NOSB): Four-decade Experience of Orthoptic Best Practice","authors":"Mondelli Flora, Barone Rita, Buscemi Andrea, Coco Marinella","doi":"10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.02","url":null,"abstract":"The present study describes the neonatal orthoptic screening battery (NOSB), a comprehensive orthoptic screening, based on four decades of application, aimed at early identification of signs and symptoms of ocular pathology or functional disorders. The NOSB allows for verifying the integrity of ocular components and early detection of functional alterations in ocular movements that could lead to the development of amblyopia or strabismus. The NOSB is the result of 45 years of screening activity in a primary health center assured by the National Health System in the city of Ragusa – Italy. It aims to examine and assess the neonate within the first 3 days of extrauterine life to identify visual system issues as early as possible. The NOSB may be conducted by Orthoptists, healthcare professionals specializing in neonatal and pediatric visual prevention. The Neonatal Orthoptic Screening battery (NOSB) here reported is proposed as a standard suitable for widespread adoption to be considered a \"Best Practice\".","PeriodicalId":91713,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatrics and child health","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140426920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-17DOI: 10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.01
Neftj Ragusa, Virginia Deut, Diego Luotti, Alessandro Depaoli, Massimo Berger
Introduction: Head trauma (HT) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. The primary aim of this study was to describe patients presenting to our first-level Emergency Department (ED) following a HT. The secondary aims were to compare both the epidemiology and the management of paediatric patients with literature data, analyzing the appropriateness of management of children’s traumatic brain injuries according to the current guidelines. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of medical records of patients aged < 14 years who attended our first-level ED due to head trauma from July 1, 2021, and June 30, 2022. Clinical data, including age, gender, injury mechanism, location of trauma, time from traumatic event and ED arrival, symptoms at first evaluation, physical examination findings, radiological investigation results, medications administered in ED and prescribed at home, and outcome were collected and compared with data available in literature and current guidelines. Results: A total of 117 children aged < 14 years who attended our first-level ED due to head trauma from July 1, 2021, and June 30, 2022, were analyzed. Most of them were males aged 1-3 years. Frontal bone was the commonest side of trauma (43% of HT). Only eleven patients (9%) had a brain CT scan and 4 of them showed pathological findings. None had signs of bleeding. Four of the patients were transferred to a HUB hospital, provided with a paediatric neurosurgery and more important none of them has developed neurological sequelae or death. Discussion: Our 1-year observation of HT showed how this is a frequent indication for ED referral, especially in young children. In our hands less than 10% of cases required CT scan that reported pathological cases in 4 patients only (3%). We can conclude that the reduction of ionizing radiation exposition can be obtained with skilled experienced physicians.
{"title":"Head Trauma in Paediatric Patients Referring to a Spoke Hospital","authors":"Neftj Ragusa, Virginia Deut, Diego Luotti, Alessandro Depaoli, Massimo Berger","doi":"10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2311-8687.2024.12.01","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Head trauma (HT) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. The primary aim of this study was to describe patients presenting to our first-level Emergency Department (ED) following a HT. The secondary aims were to compare both the epidemiology and the management of paediatric patients with literature data, analyzing the appropriateness of management of children’s traumatic brain injuries according to the current guidelines. \u0000Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of medical records of patients aged < 14 years who attended our first-level ED due to head trauma from July 1, 2021, and June 30, 2022. Clinical data, including age, gender, injury mechanism, location of trauma, time from traumatic event and ED arrival, symptoms at first evaluation, physical examination findings, radiological investigation results, medications administered in ED and prescribed at home, and outcome were collected and compared with data available in literature and current guidelines. \u0000Results: A total of 117 children aged < 14 years who attended our first-level ED due to head trauma from July 1, 2021, and June 30, 2022, were analyzed. Most of them were males aged 1-3 years. Frontal bone was the commonest side of trauma (43% of HT). Only eleven patients (9%) had a brain CT scan and 4 of them showed pathological findings. None had signs of bleeding. Four of the patients were transferred to a HUB hospital, provided with a paediatric neurosurgery and more important none of them has developed neurological sequelae or death. \u0000Discussion: Our 1-year observation of HT showed how this is a frequent indication for ED referral, especially in young children. In our hands less than 10% of cases required CT scan that reported pathological cases in 4 patients only (3%). We can conclude that the reduction of ionizing radiation exposition can be obtained with skilled experienced physicians.","PeriodicalId":91713,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatrics and child health","volume":" 670","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139617643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.12974/2311-8687.2023.11.16
Angelo Ravelli
The most appropriate classification of childhood arthritis remains controversial. Several efforts have been made over the years to devise classification systems that identify homogeneous subgroups within the disease spectrum. Although widely used, the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) classification has shown major limitations as it was found to have failed its primary goal of identifying homogeneous disease categories. Furthermore, its use of the count of affected joints and of the presence of psoriatic features to define individual disease subsets has been criticized. A novel classification system has been proposed by the Pediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization (PRINTO) through expert consensus. The preliminary scheme is currently being scrutinized by means a large-scale data collection aimed to formulate an evidence-based classification, whose results will likely be available in 2024. The development of a clinicobiologic classification has been tried in a proof-of-concept study by integrating meaningful biologic and clinical characteristics, including levels of proinflammatory cytokines and measures of disease activity, that defined indicators or composite variables capable of identifying homogeneous patient subgroups by cluster analysis. The current advance in biotechnology, especially genomics, proteomics and transcriptomics, may pave the way to the future identification of well-defined clusters of patients that will inform a biology-based and data-driven classification system. However, any attempt to defining biologic subtypes should be combined with precise clinical and prognostic data in order to devise a rational classification that facilitates the progress towards personalized management of children with JIA. Furthermore, the observed variability in the prevalence of disease subtypes across geographic areas and ethnic groups must be taken into account to develop a classification that is applicable on a global scale.
{"title":"Advances and Challenges in the Classification of Childhood Arthritis","authors":"Angelo Ravelli","doi":"10.12974/2311-8687.2023.11.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2311-8687.2023.11.16","url":null,"abstract":"The most appropriate classification of childhood arthritis remains controversial. Several efforts have been made over the years to devise classification systems that identify homogeneous subgroups within the disease spectrum. Although widely used, the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) classification has shown major limitations as it was found to have failed its primary goal of identifying homogeneous disease categories. Furthermore, its use of the count of affected joints and of the presence of psoriatic features to define individual disease subsets has been criticized. A novel classification system has been proposed by the Pediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization (PRINTO) through expert consensus. The preliminary scheme is currently being scrutinized by means a large-scale data collection aimed to formulate an evidence-based classification, whose results will likely be available in 2024. The development of a clinicobiologic classification has been tried in a proof-of-concept study by integrating meaningful biologic and clinical characteristics, including levels of proinflammatory cytokines and measures of disease activity, that defined indicators or composite variables capable of identifying homogeneous patient subgroups by cluster analysis. The current advance in biotechnology, especially genomics, proteomics and transcriptomics, may pave the way to the future identification of well-defined clusters of patients that will inform a biology-based and data-driven classification system. However, any attempt to defining biologic subtypes should be combined with precise clinical and prognostic data in order to devise a rational classification that facilitates the progress towards personalized management of children with JIA. Furthermore, the observed variability in the prevalence of disease subtypes across geographic areas and ethnic groups must be taken into account to develop a classification that is applicable on a global scale.","PeriodicalId":91713,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatrics and child health","volume":"4 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139151731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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