: Visual agnosia is a rare symptom in which the patient cannot recognize objects by visual perception. We report a case of integrative visual agnosia and memory disorder. A 70-year-old, right-handed man was diagnosed with cardioembolic stroke affecting the proximal left posterior cerebral artery. He had a short-term memory disorder. He could not name and explain how to use objects, or read characters, but could discriminate between objects to some extent and draw copies of simple figures. His recognition by tactile sense was comparatively preserved. He needed complete assistance with his life in the hospital ward. We provided him with training using preserved tactile sensation by errorless learning. We arranged the environment around him to promote his memory of the position of objects and to avoid misuse of daily objects. Improvement in the visual agnosia and memory disorder was slight. He became independent with his life in the hospital ward. However, he needed assistance in a new environment, such as an unfamiliar lavatory. The results suggest that a patient with visual agnosia may become independent early by appropriate training, despite insufficient visual perception and memory function. In our patient, the intervention period was too short to generalize the effects of training. Additionally, the memory disorder might have become an obstacle for generalization. Further improvement in visual perception, independence in daily activities, and quality of life, will need continuous support.
{"title":"Occupational Therapy in Integrative Visual Agnosia and Memory Disorder: A Case Report","authors":"Masahiro Tanaka","doi":"10.11596/ASIAJOT.17.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11596/ASIAJOT.17.27","url":null,"abstract":": Visual agnosia is a rare symptom in which the patient cannot recognize objects by visual perception. We report a case of integrative visual agnosia and memory disorder. A 70-year-old, right-handed man was diagnosed with cardioembolic stroke affecting the proximal left posterior cerebral artery. He had a short-term memory disorder. He could not name and explain how to use objects, or read characters, but could discriminate between objects to some extent and draw copies of simple figures. His recognition by tactile sense was comparatively preserved. He needed complete assistance with his life in the hospital ward. We provided him with training using preserved tactile sensation by errorless learning. We arranged the environment around him to promote his memory of the position of objects and to avoid misuse of daily objects. Improvement in the visual agnosia and memory disorder was slight. He became independent with his life in the hospital ward. However, he needed assistance in a new environment, such as an unfamiliar lavatory. The results suggest that a patient with visual agnosia may become independent early by appropriate training, despite insufficient visual perception and memory function. In our patient, the intervention period was too short to generalize the effects of training. Additionally, the memory disorder might have become an obstacle for generalization. Further improvement in visual perception, independence in daily activities, and quality of life, will need continuous support.","PeriodicalId":91842,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of occupational therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64521821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kazuo Saito, Maki S. Koyama, Atsuko Ishida, T. Futaki
: Purpose: The objectives of this study were to quantitatively analyze the reaction patterns of ataxia and Parkinson’s disease cases that are cognitively harmless and to examine the characteristics of pathological reactions, such as ataxia, rigidity, and motor control, compared to the patterns of a healthy subject. Methods: An eye–hand coordination pointing with pencil test (EHCPPT) app was developed that requires patients to tap a bullseye target with a pencil for screening testing. This app is intended to be used during regular check-ups of the elderly to help them maintain their home lifestyle through self-management of health. The EHCPPT consists of two tasks, both of which require the patient to tap a bullseye target as a test of eye–hand coordination in response to a stimulus sound. In one task, the sound is repeated rhythmically; in the other, it is generated irregularly and infrequently. The EHCPPT app is based on the “oddball paradigm” experimental design and can be administered in just a few minutes to measure the time lag between the sounds and taps as well as the distance between the target and tapped locations auto-matically. Results: The data generated when the app was used by a healthy subject, an ataxia patient, and a patient with Parkinson’s disease were analyzed. In each case, the data exhibited a distinctive pattern. Conclusion: The EHCPPT app is simple and fast and shows potential as a screening test.
{"title":"Analysis of Responses of a Healthy Subject and Subjects with Cerebellar Hemorrhage and Parkinson's Disease in Eye–Hand Coordination Pointing with Pencil Test","authors":"Kazuo Saito, Maki S. Koyama, Atsuko Ishida, T. Futaki","doi":"10.11596/ASIAJOT.17.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11596/ASIAJOT.17.31","url":null,"abstract":": Purpose: The objectives of this study were to quantitatively analyze the reaction patterns of ataxia and Parkinson’s disease cases that are cognitively harmless and to examine the characteristics of pathological reactions, such as ataxia, rigidity, and motor control, compared to the patterns of a healthy subject. Methods: An eye–hand coordination pointing with pencil test (EHCPPT) app was developed that requires patients to tap a bullseye target with a pencil for screening testing. This app is intended to be used during regular check-ups of the elderly to help them maintain their home lifestyle through self-management of health. The EHCPPT consists of two tasks, both of which require the patient to tap a bullseye target as a test of eye–hand coordination in response to a stimulus sound. In one task, the sound is repeated rhythmically; in the other, it is generated irregularly and infrequently. The EHCPPT app is based on the “oddball paradigm” experimental design and can be administered in just a few minutes to measure the time lag between the sounds and taps as well as the distance between the target and tapped locations auto-matically. Results: The data generated when the app was used by a healthy subject, an ataxia patient, and a patient with Parkinson’s disease were analyzed. In each case, the data exhibited a distinctive pattern. Conclusion: The EHCPPT app is simple and fast and shows potential as a screening test.","PeriodicalId":91842,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of occupational therapy","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64521833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Honami Tachibana, Takaki Kafuku, Y. Kimura, Miyuki Nakagawa, Terumi Kawaguchi, H. Fujii, Kazutaka Sakamoto, K. Hirayama
: Purpose: Hanging washed pullover garments to dry with one hand poses a challenge in daily life for patients who are forced to use their unilateral upper extremity. We hypothesized that a hanger hooked onto the backrest of a chair (backrest hanger) would facilitate easy hanging of pullover garments that need to be dried with one hand; in particular, one can place a pullover garment on the backrest hanger and then pull the hanger along with the garment upward to separate them from the backrest. The present study aimed to demonstrate the practical usefulness of a backrest hanger for patients with hemiplegia. Methods: This study included 20 healthy volunteers and 16 patients with hemiplegia. Participants were requested to hang a sweatshirt to dry with one hand only (the non-dominant hand for healthy volunteers and the non-paralytic hand for patients with hemiplegia) using a backrest hanger, pinch hanger, and a bath towel rack. Patients with hemiplegia performed the task after being instructed regarding how the greatest number of healthy individuals used each tool. Participants were requested to rate their level of ease in hanging the sweatshirts, and the total time required to complete the task was measured. Results: Both healthy volunteers and patients with hemiplegia reported the backrest hanger to be the easiest mode of hanging sweatshirts, and it required significantly shorter amount of time as compared to the other two tools. Discussion: The findings indicate the high practical usefulness of the backrest hanger method.
{"title":"Practical Usefulness of Clothes Hangers Hung Over Chair Backrests to Dry Pullover Garments Among Healthy Individuals and Patients with Hemiplegia","authors":"Honami Tachibana, Takaki Kafuku, Y. Kimura, Miyuki Nakagawa, Terumi Kawaguchi, H. Fujii, Kazutaka Sakamoto, K. Hirayama","doi":"10.11596/asiajot.16.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11596/asiajot.16.95","url":null,"abstract":": Purpose: Hanging washed pullover garments to dry with one hand poses a challenge in daily life for patients who are forced to use their unilateral upper extremity. We hypothesized that a hanger hooked onto the backrest of a chair (backrest hanger) would facilitate easy hanging of pullover garments that need to be dried with one hand; in particular, one can place a pullover garment on the backrest hanger and then pull the hanger along with the garment upward to separate them from the backrest. The present study aimed to demonstrate the practical usefulness of a backrest hanger for patients with hemiplegia. Methods: This study included 20 healthy volunteers and 16 patients with hemiplegia. Participants were requested to hang a sweatshirt to dry with one hand only (the non-dominant hand for healthy volunteers and the non-paralytic hand for patients with hemiplegia) using a backrest hanger, pinch hanger, and a bath towel rack. Patients with hemiplegia performed the task after being instructed regarding how the greatest number of healthy individuals used each tool. Participants were requested to rate their level of ease in hanging the sweatshirts, and the total time required to complete the task was measured. Results: Both healthy volunteers and patients with hemiplegia reported the backrest hanger to be the easiest mode of hanging sweatshirts, and it required significantly shorter amount of time as compared to the other two tools. Discussion: The findings indicate the high practical usefulness of the backrest hanger method.","PeriodicalId":91842,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of occupational therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64521809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Background: Only 20% of the hospitals in Japan currently provide work support services for patients with acquired brain injury (ABI). Since the new employment quota system in Japan requires private companies to hire individuals with psychiatric disabilities as of April 2018, the number of employees with ABI is expected to increase. This social background would encourage medical staff to rely more on neuropsychological assessment test scores to under-stand the cognitive abilities of those patients who need vocational support to transition from hospital to work. Purpose: The of the study was to clarify the subcategories of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale that would predict the work ability of individuals with ABI. Methodology: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to identify specific cognitive functions related to work ability. Four original articles from MEDLINE, CINAHL, ERIC, CiNii, and the ICHUSHI database that met study inclusion criteria were analyzed. Results: Results showed that there were four tasks under the verbal test—“vocabulary,” “digit span,” “arithmetic,” and “similarities”—and two tasks under the performance test—“block design” and “coding”—that were predictive variables of work ability. Conclusion: Assessing cognitive functions of individuals with ABI, such as “working memory,” “continuous atten-tion,” “abstract thinking,” “vocabulary and expression,” and “time series processing,” could more effectively predict work ability.
{"title":"A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cognitive Functions Predicting Employment of Individuals with Acquired Brain Injury","authors":"Moritoshi Kitakami, J. Yaeda","doi":"10.11596/asiajot.16.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11596/asiajot.16.45","url":null,"abstract":": Background: Only 20% of the hospitals in Japan currently provide work support services for patients with acquired brain injury (ABI). Since the new employment quota system in Japan requires private companies to hire individuals with psychiatric disabilities as of April 2018, the number of employees with ABI is expected to increase. This social background would encourage medical staff to rely more on neuropsychological assessment test scores to under-stand the cognitive abilities of those patients who need vocational support to transition from hospital to work. Purpose: The of the study was to clarify the subcategories of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale that would predict the work ability of individuals with ABI. Methodology: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to identify specific cognitive functions related to work ability. Four original articles from MEDLINE, CINAHL, ERIC, CiNii, and the ICHUSHI database that met study inclusion criteria were analyzed. Results: Results showed that there were four tasks under the verbal test—“vocabulary,” “digit span,” “arithmetic,” and “similarities”—and two tasks under the performance test—“block design” and “coding”—that were predictive variables of work ability. Conclusion: Assessing cognitive functions of individuals with ABI, such as “working memory,” “continuous atten-tion,” “abstract thinking,” “vocabulary and expression,” and “time series processing,” could more effectively predict work ability.","PeriodicalId":91842,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of occupational therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64522101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryo Sakai, M. Haraguchi, Kanamori Masayuki, K. Yamada, Keiji Ishida, Yasutaka Kobayashi
Background: Paralysis of the upper limb after stroke affects daily life. Our objective was to examine the clinical effects of our newly developed finger extension splint, which was made by specially processing a shape memory alloy, in a chronic stroke patient. Design: Comparison of the clinical effects of the splint use preand post-treatment. Patient: A 70-year-old man who developed right thalamus hemorrhage 15 years previously presented with right hemi-
{"title":"Development of a Finger Extension Assistance Splint for a Hemiplegic Upper Limb After Stroke – A Case Report","authors":"Ryo Sakai, M. Haraguchi, Kanamori Masayuki, K. Yamada, Keiji Ishida, Yasutaka Kobayashi","doi":"10.11596/asiajot.16.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11596/asiajot.16.83","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Paralysis of the upper limb after stroke affects daily life. Our objective was to examine the clinical effects of our newly developed finger extension splint, which was made by specially processing a shape memory alloy, in a chronic stroke patient. Design: Comparison of the clinical effects of the splint use preand post-treatment. Patient: A 70-year-old man who developed right thalamus hemorrhage 15 years previously presented with right hemi-","PeriodicalId":91842,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of occupational therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64522213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Purpose: This follow- up study by questionnaire aimed to identify factors associated with social activity levels of stroke patients by investigating their activities between 1 and 3 years after discharge. Materials and Methods: Participants included 191 people with stroke who were living in their home. Their social activity levels at 1 and 3 years post-discharge were investigated using the Frenchay Activities Index (FAI: an index for evaluating social activities such as housework, leisure, and work). Factors associated with inactivity at 3 years post-discharge, and with a decline in activity levels from 1 to 3 years post-discharge were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Results: The median FAI was 23 points after 1 year; however, it declined significantly to 19 points after 3 years. Cognitive dysfunction [odds ratio (OR) = 11.61, p < .001] and dependency in activities of daily living (ADLs) [OR = 8.46, p < .001] were identified as factors associated with inactivity after 3 years. Moreover, dependence in ADLs (OR = 0.10, p = .027) was identified as a factor associated with a decline in activity level from 1 to 3 years post-discharge. Conclusions: Patients with stroke living at home tend to be inactive in the long term; this could be attributed to cognitive dysfunction and ADL dependency. Therefore, occupational therapists need to pay more attention to the social activities of patients with stroke in the community; providing activities tailored to the patient’s abilities is vital. Furthermore, interventions are needed to prevent long-term decline in social activities in patients with stroke living at home, who show independence in ADL.
目的:本研究采用问卷调查的方法，对脑卒中患者出院后1 - 3年的社会活动情况进行调查，以确定影响其社会活动水平的因素。材料和方法:参与者包括191名住在家中的中风患者。使用Frenchay活动指数(FAI:一种评估家务、休闲和工作等社会活动的指数)调查出院后1年和3年的社会活动水平。通过logistic回归分析与出院后3年不活动以及出院后1 - 3年活动水平下降相关的因素。结果:1年后FAI中位数为23分;但是，3年后大幅下降到19分。认知功能障碍[比值比(OR) = 11.61, p < .001]和日常生活活动依赖(ADLs) [OR = 8.46, p < .001]被确定为3年后缺乏活动的相关因素。此外，adl的依赖性(OR = 0.10, p = 0.027)被确定为与出院后1至3年活动水平下降相关的因素。结论:脑卒中居家患者长期不活跃;这可能归因于认知功能障碍和ADL依赖。因此，职业治疗师需要更多地关注脑卒中患者在社区中的社会活动;提供适合病人能力的活动是至关重要的。此外，需要采取干预措施，防止生活在家中的中风患者社交活动的长期下降，这些患者在日常生活中表现出独立性。
{"title":"Factors Affecting Changes in Social Activities of People with Stroke Living in The Community: Follow-Up 1 to 3 Years after Being Discharged Home","authors":"Hitoshi Mutai, Ayumi Wakabayashi, Akihito Suzuki, Tomomi Furukawa","doi":"10.11596/asiajot.16.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11596/asiajot.16.19","url":null,"abstract":": Purpose: This follow- up study by questionnaire aimed to identify factors associated with social activity levels of stroke patients by investigating their activities between 1 and 3 years after discharge. Materials and Methods: Participants included 191 people with stroke who were living in their home. Their social activity levels at 1 and 3 years post-discharge were investigated using the Frenchay Activities Index (FAI: an index for evaluating social activities such as housework, leisure, and work). Factors associated with inactivity at 3 years post-discharge, and with a decline in activity levels from 1 to 3 years post-discharge were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Results: The median FAI was 23 points after 1 year; however, it declined significantly to 19 points after 3 years. Cognitive dysfunction [odds ratio (OR) = 11.61, p < .001] and dependency in activities of daily living (ADLs) [OR = 8.46, p < .001] were identified as factors associated with inactivity after 3 years. Moreover, dependence in ADLs (OR = 0.10, p = .027) was identified as a factor associated with a decline in activity level from 1 to 3 years post-discharge. Conclusions: Patients with stroke living at home tend to be inactive in the long term; this could be attributed to cognitive dysfunction and ADL dependency. Therefore, occupational therapists need to pay more attention to the social activities of patients with stroke in the community; providing activities tailored to the patient’s abilities is vital. Furthermore, interventions are needed to prevent long-term decline in social activities in patients with stroke living at home, who show independence in ADL.","PeriodicalId":91842,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of occupational therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64521656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Tashiro, Yuichi Nishida, Ayaka Yamaoka, Yusuke Suzuki, Takayoshi Horii, Hiroaki Arai, Yutaka Yamaguchi, Naoya Wada, Isao Yokota, T. Aoyama
: Objectives: There are only a few functional evaluations that non-medical personnel can perform and in-terpret without guidance. Here, we have created a questionnaire that focused on eating activities, which can be used to evaluate motor function easily because most people could relate to eating activities. This study aimed to verify the reliability and validity of the developed questionnaire by comparing it with clinical evaluations for upper extremity function. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Patients who have cerebrovascular disease history with disabilities in the upper limb were included in the study. The questionnaire on eating activities was answered by the patients themselves. Upper extremity function was evaluated with the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA). Work efficiency was evaluated with the General Aptitude Test Battery. Reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by test-retest reliability. Validity was evaluated using a correlation analysis. Results: The study included 16 participants. The results indicated that all items had sufficient reliability. The correlation between the questionnaire score of the hand and the FMA score of the wrist, hand, and arm was statistically significant. Conclusions: The developed questionnaire was reliable and significantly related to clinical evaluation of upper extrem ity functions. This questionnaire is of great value to patients with stroke to understand their functions.
{"title":"Validation of the Developed Eating Activities Questionnaire in Working People with Disabilities: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Y. Tashiro, Yuichi Nishida, Ayaka Yamaoka, Yusuke Suzuki, Takayoshi Horii, Hiroaki Arai, Yutaka Yamaguchi, Naoya Wada, Isao Yokota, T. Aoyama","doi":"10.11596/asiajot.16.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11596/asiajot.16.87","url":null,"abstract":": Objectives: There are only a few functional evaluations that non-medical personnel can perform and in-terpret without guidance. Here, we have created a questionnaire that focused on eating activities, which can be used to evaluate motor function easily because most people could relate to eating activities. This study aimed to verify the reliability and validity of the developed questionnaire by comparing it with clinical evaluations for upper extremity function. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Patients who have cerebrovascular disease history with disabilities in the upper limb were included in the study. The questionnaire on eating activities was answered by the patients themselves. Upper extremity function was evaluated with the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA). Work efficiency was evaluated with the General Aptitude Test Battery. Reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by test-retest reliability. Validity was evaluated using a correlation analysis. Results: The study included 16 participants. The results indicated that all items had sufficient reliability. The correlation between the questionnaire score of the hand and the FMA score of the wrist, hand, and arm was statistically significant. Conclusions: The developed questionnaire was reliable and significantly related to clinical evaluation of upper extrem ity functions. This questionnaire is of great value to patients with stroke to understand their functions.","PeriodicalId":91842,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of occupational therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64521758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuhki Fujisawa, Y. Okajima, H. Hashidate, Hisako Nakano
Objective: Handwriting, which consists of multiple joint movements in the upper extremity, is a suitable model to investigate motor control after hemiplegic stroke. We analyzed pen tip movement during handwriting in relation to the finger and wrist to reveal tightening and joint linkage that control writing movements done by a hemiplegic
{"title":"Joint Tightening in Hemiplegic Handwriting","authors":"Yuhki Fujisawa, Y. Okajima, H. Hashidate, Hisako Nakano","doi":"10.11596/asiajot.16.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11596/asiajot.16.71","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Handwriting, which consists of multiple joint movements in the upper extremity, is a suitable model to investigate motor control after hemiplegic stroke. We analyzed pen tip movement during handwriting in relation to the finger and wrist to reveal tightening and joint linkage that control writing movements done by a hemiplegic","PeriodicalId":91842,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of occupational therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64522200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siew Yim Loh, G. Boniface, L. Mackenzie, L. Richards
Occupational therapy has a pivotal role in the organization of health care, and has important role to improve the health and quality of life of women by facilitating participation in meaningful occupations. The aim of this paper is to present a summary of occupational therapy role for health of women, and an analytical perspective of the current issues eroding its professional autonomy and contributing to a critical lack of progress in Malaysia. Three key rootcauses – with an emerging summative theme of “triple whammy”, was identified using root cause analyses technique. The root causes were related to two internal and 1 external root-source:(1) Low numbers of occupational therapists, (2) Low universityeducation occupational therapy programs, and (3) Entrenched medical governance hindering the progress of therapy professionals. These interrelated key issues (roots) play a detrimental role in the advancement of a cost-effective, evidence-based best practice of the profession, and reduces its significant contributions towards the healthcare of all, including the issues of women health care. As a young profession compared to many other health disciplines, occupational therapy needs a mandate to protect its role autonomy, with enhance visionary pathway for growth, and to expand its roles, including for the underserved area of women health, in Asia’s male dominated world.
{"title":"Occupational Therapy Profession for Women Health–Challenges for its Under Developed Services","authors":"Siew Yim Loh, G. Boniface, L. Mackenzie, L. Richards","doi":"10.11596/asiajot.16.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11596/asiajot.16.35","url":null,"abstract":"Occupational therapy has a pivotal role in the organization of health care, and has important role to improve the health and quality of life of women by facilitating participation in meaningful occupations. The aim of this paper is to present a summary of occupational therapy role for health of women, and an analytical perspective of the current issues eroding its professional autonomy and contributing to a critical lack of progress in Malaysia. Three key rootcauses – with an emerging summative theme of “triple whammy”, was identified using root cause analyses technique. The root causes were related to two internal and 1 external root-source:(1) Low numbers of occupational therapists, (2) Low universityeducation occupational therapy programs, and (3) Entrenched medical governance hindering the progress of therapy professionals. These interrelated key issues (roots) play a detrimental role in the advancement of a cost-effective, evidence-based best practice of the profession, and reduces its significant contributions towards the healthcare of all, including the issues of women health care. As a young profession compared to many other health disciplines, occupational therapy needs a mandate to protect its role autonomy, with enhance visionary pathway for growth, and to expand its roles, including for the underserved area of women health, in Asia’s male dominated world.","PeriodicalId":91842,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of occupational therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11596/asiajot.16.35","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64522095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Parents of children with gross motor dysfunction often face obstacles when performing out-ofhome activities with their children. However, little is known concerning their situation. Objective: This study aimed to develop an out-of-home activity accessibility checklist for parents of children with gross motor dysfunction that clarifies their situation during these activities. Method: Parents of children with gross motor dysfunction participated in semi-structured interviews to generate a tentative accessibility checklist. Then, Delphi questionnaire survey was conducted to determine appropriate checklist items. Result: Fifteen participants involved in the semi-structured interview and 124 tentative checklist items were generated. Then, 56 participants involved in Delphi questionnaire survey and tentative checklist items was reduced to 39. These checklist items were grouped under the domains of obstacles, coping strategies, and required assistance and resources. Most obstacles were caused by the lack of equipped infrastructures. Discussion: Most obstacles faced by parents of children with gross motor dysfunction were caused by the lack of infrastructures that were barrier-free. The parents had to collect extensive information prior to outings as coping strategies. Therefore, parents require society level environment improvement in order to participate in out-of-home activities. The checklist may provide local communities with valuable information to construct more accessible environments and inclusive communities.
{"title":"Out-of-home Activity Accessibility Checklist for Parents of Children with Gross Motor Dysfunction","authors":"Asuka Kenmochi, Chieko Karashima","doi":"10.11596/asiajot.16.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11596/asiajot.16.63","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Parents of children with gross motor dysfunction often face obstacles when performing out-ofhome activities with their children. However, little is known concerning their situation. Objective: This study aimed to develop an out-of-home activity accessibility checklist for parents of children with gross motor dysfunction that clarifies their situation during these activities. Method: Parents of children with gross motor dysfunction participated in semi-structured interviews to generate a tentative accessibility checklist. Then, Delphi questionnaire survey was conducted to determine appropriate checklist items. Result: Fifteen participants involved in the semi-structured interview and 124 tentative checklist items were generated. Then, 56 participants involved in Delphi questionnaire survey and tentative checklist items was reduced to 39. These checklist items were grouped under the domains of obstacles, coping strategies, and required assistance and resources. Most obstacles were caused by the lack of equipped infrastructures. Discussion: Most obstacles faced by parents of children with gross motor dysfunction were caused by the lack of infrastructures that were barrier-free. The parents had to collect extensive information prior to outings as coping strategies. Therefore, parents require society level environment improvement in order to participate in out-of-home activities. The checklist may provide local communities with valuable information to construct more accessible environments and inclusive communities.","PeriodicalId":91842,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of occupational therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64522194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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