BMC Women's Health最新文献

Although intrauterine devices (IUDs) are widely used as a contraceptive method, their association with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia remains a subject of debate. Some studies suggest a potential protective effect, possibly through local immune modulation, while others report no significant association. Evidence, however, remains scarce and inconsistent, particularly regarding long-term IUDs use. Our study aims to address these gaps by exploring the relationship between IUDs use and cervical cancer within the broader context of cervical cancer prevention. We conducted a narrative review by searching the PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, and Cochrane databases, utilizing a combination of text and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms. The search terms included "intrauterine contraception," "intrauterine devices," "hormonal intrauterine device," "IUD," "LNG-IUS" (levonorgestrel intrauterine system), and "cervical cancer," "cervical lesions," and "cervical cancer risk," for publications available up to July 2024. Our review included 16 studies of fair to good quality, employing rigorous methodologies and addressing key confounding variables to evaluate the association between IUDs use and the risk of cervical cancer. Among these, eight studies reported that IUD use was associated with a lower risk of cervical cancer, while six studies identified a trend toward reduced risk, although without significant differences. Conversely, two studies found an association between IUD use and a higher risk of cervical cancer. A critical limitation in many of these studies was the lack of information regarding the specific type of IUD used by the study populations. These findings underscore the need for further research to clarify the association between IUDs use and cervical cancer risk, with a focus on long-term outcomes and stratification by IUD type.

Background: Many studies have investigated the impact of nursing interventions on psychological factors such as anxiety and depression in infertile women undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART). However, the results have been inconsistent, and the effectiveness of these nursing interventions on the physiological status of these patients varies. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance to summarize and compare the outcomes of these studies across different types of nursing interventions. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of various nursing interventions on anxiety and depression in infertile women undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART).

Methods: A systematic search was done in the six valid databases (Cochrane, Scopus, PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Web of Science) applying two sets of keywords up to June 2025, following the PRISMA approach. The database searches were performed independently by two reviewers. Mean scores for anxiety and depression, along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were calculated using a random-effects model in STATA. Funnel plot was generated to examine publication bias; Egger's Begg's tests were applied to evaluate any asymmetry. The quality of the selected studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools.

Results: A total of 44 studies were reviewed in the current analysis, encompassing 5,008 infertile women. Forty of these studies reported favorable outcomes regarding depression and anxiety levels in infertile females following various interventional approaches. These interventions included mind-body programs such as Eastern body-mind-spirit therapy, mindfulness-based program for infertility (MBPI), integrative body-mind-spirit therapy, and mind-body therapeutic programs; cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT); targeted nursing care programs; group psychotherapy; Hatha yoga (HY) practice; acupuncture; stress management programs; music therapy; nursing crisis intervention programs; positive psychological interventions; drug and supplementation therapies; and positive reappraisal coping intervention (PRCI) programs. The interventions specifically targeted the psychological well-being of the patients. Both depression and anxiety levels decreased after intervention, with an overall pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) of -3.16 (95% CI: -4.38, -1.94) for depression and - 1.23 (95% CI: -1.70, -0.76) for anxiety. Subgroup analysis indicated that implementing interventions before ART was more effective than during or after ART.

Conclusion: A comprehensive, evidence-based nursing intervention targeting infertile women undergoing ART should be developed, particularly prior to the initiation of ART.

Introduction: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and the perception of childbirth as traumatic are significant phenomena that can negatively impact women's psychological well-being, particularly during adolescence-a period marked by heightened emotional and physiological sensitivity. Emerging evidence suggests that early adverse experiences, especially childhood trauma, neglect, and various forms of abuse, may shape both the severity of PMS symptoms and the way childbirth is cognitively and emotionally perceived. In light of this, the present study aims to examine the mediating role of childhood trauma-including the type and nature of neglect and abuse-in the relationship between PMS and traumatic childbirth perception among adolescent women.

Method: This study was designed as quantitative, cross-sectional research employing the relational survey model, a subtype of the general survey model, to examine the relationships among variables. Data were collected from 410 women aged 18 to 25 who voluntarily participated in the study in Bartın University, Türkiye. The data collection tools included the Participant Information Form, the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and the Traumatic Childbirth Perception Scale. Data were gathered online via Google Forms between June and December 2022. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 24, and statistical procedures including correlation analysis, simple linear regression, mediation, and moderation analyses were conducted to test the research hypotheses.

Results: A significant relationship was found between premenstrual syndrome, traumatic birth perception, and childhood traumas. Furthermore, childhood traumas-particularly emotional and physical neglect-were found to have a mediating role in this relationship (p < 0.05). The participants' status of taking courses related to reproductive health has a moderating effect on the relationship between premenstrual syndrome and traumatic birth perception (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: This study highlights the significant role of childhood trauma in influencing premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and traumatic childbirth perception (TCP) among young women. It also emphasizes the protective effect of reproductive health education. Our findings fill a gap in the literature by exploring these interconnected factors and their impact on women's emotional well-being and maternal outcomes. The results suggest the importance of integrating trauma-informed approaches into nursing and midwifery education and providing ongoing training for healthcare professionals to better support women during reproductive periods. This research contributes to advancing preventive and supportive interventions aimed at improving maternal mental health.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is a significant global health issue and the most common cancer among women. Early detection via mammography is crucial for improving survival rates. This systematic review (SR) explores the impact of educational interventions based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) on women's BC knowledge, beliefs, and intentions regarding mammography among women aged 40 and older.lease be informed that I submitted METHODS: The SR was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023402436) and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA, 2020) guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted across five databases-PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, and PsycINFO-for relevant English-language studies published from January 2003 to December 2024. The study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) and the Revised Risk of Bias Assessment 2 (RoBANS 2) tools. A narrative synthesis was conducted following established methodological guidance.

Results: Eight studies were included, consisting of five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and three non-randomized controlled trials (NRCTs), with a total of 1,439 participants. The interventions included individual, group, and multimedia education and consultations. Six studies showed significant improvement in knowledge, while seven showed improvement in one or more constructs of the CHBMS related to beliefs about mammogram screening. Key factors influencing screening intentions were embarrassment, cost, income level, health insurance, age, and immigration status. Limitations of the studies included small sample sizes, reliance on self-reported data, lack of control groups, and short follow-up periods.

Conclusion: Educational interventions based on HBM generally improve BC knowledge, beliefs, and intentions about mammography in women aged 40 years and older. Interventions that incorporate multiple strategies within healthcare settings show the most significant improvements. Future approaches should be multifaceted, sensitive to cultural and socioeconomic contexts, and include ongoing follow-up to promote screening adherence and early BC detection.

Background: Cervical cancer remains a major public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), mainly due to low screening uptake. Mass media exposure (including radio, newspapers, and television) can play a key role in promoting health services utilisation; however, little is known about its relationship with cervical cancer screening uptake in SSA. This study examined the association between mass media exposure and cervical cancer screening uptake among women aged 30-49 years in four SSA countries.

Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the Demographic and Health Surveys conducted between 2022 and 2023 in four SSA countries: Ghana, Kenya, Mozambique, and Tanzania. A pooled weighted sample of 26,936 women aged 30-49 years was analysed. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to assess the association between mass media exposure and cervical cancer screening uptake. Adjusted odds ratios with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals were estimated.

Results: The pooled prevalence of cervical cancer screening was 15.2% (95% CI: 14.5-15.9), with the lowest rate in Ghana at 7.3% and highest in Kenya at 27.0%. The multivariable analysis revealed that women exposed to mass media were 74% more likely to have been screened for cervical cancer (AOR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.40-2.16.) compared to those without media exposure.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated a positive association between mass media exposure and uptake of cervical cancer screening among women in SSA. This highlights the important role that mass media can play in promoting the uptake of screening in the region. Thus, increasing access to media platforms, such as radio, television, and newspapers could enhance awareness and participation in cervical cancer screening services, ultimately helping reduce the disease burden in SSA.

Background: Breast cancer reduces quality of life. Hr-QoL after all types of surgeries in general and after elective breast surgeries like mastectomy in particular is, however an under-researched area worldwide. This gap is conspicuously felt and seen especially in developing countries like Ethiopia. The main objective of this study was to assess the Hr-QoL outcomes of breast cancer cases after curative-intent surgery in comparison with health institution-based normal individuals.

Methods and patients: A comparative cross-sectional study using SF-36 was conducted to compare Hr-QoL outcomes of representatively sampled 366 post-mastectomy women and health institution-based women as controls. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS windows version 21. The mean ranks of the Hr-QoL outcomes on a 0 to 100 scale were compared between the two groups using Mann-Whitney U test at p-value ≤ 0.05 (two-sided).

Results: Three hundred sixty-six participants (366), 183 cases and 183 controls were included in the analysis. Post-mastectomy cases had a median Physical Functioning (PF) of 70.0; Role-Physical (RP) of 75.0; Bodily Pain (BP) of 44.0; General Health (GH) of 35.0; Vitality (VT) of 40.0; Social Functioning (SF) of 50.0; Role-Emotional (RE) of 33.3; and Mental Health (MH) of 44.0. The respective values for the control group were: 75.0; 75.0; 54.0; 50.0; 55.0; 62.5; 66.7; and 64.0. PF and RP showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. On the other hand, BP, GH, VT, SF, RE and MH were significantly lower in the post-mastectomy group.

Conclusion: Quality of life of breast cancer patients after a curative-intent mastectomy was found to be lower. They had significantly lower scores in scales measuring mental health and those measuring both physical and mental health. Of the three scales assessing physical health, bodily pain was significantly lower.