Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.31189/2165-6193-13.2.36
Natalie A. Smith, Peter L Mclennan, G. Peoples
Overall health and fitness contribute to surgical experience and recovery. The aim of this study was to describe an array of physiological characteristics in a presurgical patient cohort with obesity as a function of their sustained walking speed. We performed a prospective single-center cohort study in Wollongong Hospital, Australia from 2016 to 2018. Patients (N = 293) with severe obesity completed a 6-min walk test and were classified as either slow or fast walkers according to the cut point of 0.9 m·s−1 (2 mph). These groups were compared for anthropometry, comorbidities, respiratory and cardiovascular physiology, blood biomarkers, patient-centered outcomes, and perception of effort. Slow walkers (n = 115; age 65 [63 to 67] years; mean [95% confidence interval]) and fast walkers (n = 178; age 54 [52 to 56]; P < 0.05) were not different in body weight but were different for body mass index (slow 43.2 [42.0 to 44.4] versus fast 41.1 [40.5 to 41.8]; P < 0.05). Cardiovascular disease and renal disease were more prevalent in slow walkers. Respiratory physiology reflective of restrictive lung disease (force vial capacity [L] slow 2.61 [2.45 to 2.77] versus fast 3.34 [3.19 to 3.47]; P < 0.05) was more common in slow walkers, who also reported higher dyspnea ratings. Resting cardiovascular characteristics were not different, although N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels were higher in the slow group (P < 0.05). Quality of recovery at postoperative day 30 was higher in the fast walking group. In this Australian cohort, patients with obesity undergoing nonbariatric surgery differed in their physiological profiles according to walking speed. This study supports the need to appreciate the physical fitness of patients beyond simplified body weight and classification of obesity in the perioperative period.
{"title":"Physiological Characteristics of Surgical Patients With Obesity in Response to the 6-Min Walk Test","authors":"Natalie A. Smith, Peter L Mclennan, G. Peoples","doi":"10.31189/2165-6193-13.2.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31189/2165-6193-13.2.36","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Overall health and fitness contribute to surgical experience and recovery. The aim of this study was to describe an array of physiological characteristics in a presurgical patient cohort with obesity as a function of their sustained walking speed.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We performed a prospective single-center cohort study in Wollongong Hospital, Australia from 2016 to 2018. Patients (N = 293) with severe obesity completed a 6-min walk test and were classified as either slow or fast walkers according to the cut point of 0.9 m·s−1 (2 mph). These groups were compared for anthropometry, comorbidities, respiratory and cardiovascular physiology, blood biomarkers, patient-centered outcomes, and perception of effort.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Slow walkers (n = 115; age 65 [63 to 67] years; mean [95% confidence interval]) and fast walkers (n = 178; age 54 [52 to 56]; P < 0.05) were not different in body weight but were different for body mass index (slow 43.2 [42.0 to 44.4] versus fast 41.1 [40.5 to 41.8]; P < 0.05). Cardiovascular disease and renal disease were more prevalent in slow walkers. Respiratory physiology reflective of restrictive lung disease (force vial capacity [L] slow 2.61 [2.45 to 2.77] versus fast 3.34 [3.19 to 3.47]; P < 0.05) was more common in slow walkers, who also reported higher dyspnea ratings. Resting cardiovascular characteristics were not different, although N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels were higher in the slow group (P < 0.05). Quality of recovery at postoperative day 30 was higher in the fast walking group.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In this Australian cohort, patients with obesity undergoing nonbariatric surgery differed in their physiological profiles according to walking speed. This study supports the need to appreciate the physical fitness of patients beyond simplified body weight and classification of obesity in the perioperative period.\u0000","PeriodicalId":92070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical exercise physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141410466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.31189/2165-6193-13.2.52
Stephen A. Maris, Yan Ma, D. Litrownik, Marilyn L. Moy, Roger B. Davis, Peter M. Wayne, Gloria Y. Yeh
Tai Chi (TC), a mind-body exercise, may be a potential exercise maintenance strategy for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) after pulmonary rehabilitation. We sought to characterize the acute cardiorespiratory response during TC versus walking in patients with COPD after a 24-week intervention. Cardiorespiratory data were available on 26 adults with COPD (46% female, 54% GOLD stage III–IV) randomized to TC (n = 19) or group walking (n = 7). At 24 weeks, we examined between-groups standard cardiorespiratory measures (heart rate (HR), oxygen consumption (VO2), expired carbon dioxide (VCO2), respiratory rate (RR), and ventilation (VE)) during a multiphase in-class characterization protocol. Continuous HR data during resting and exercise phases were analyzed for time- and frequency-domain HR variability (HRV) indices. At 24 weeks, during exercise phases, those in TC exhibited a mean HR of 80 ± 15 b · min−1, RR of 16.5 ± 4 breaths·min−1, and VO2 of 434.8 ± 146.5 mL·min−1; and in walking 95.7 ± 9.2 b·min −1, 26.2 ± 8 breaths·min−1, and 901.3 ± 261.2 mL·min−1, respectively (P < 0.05). Overall, TC was less strenuous with lower HR, VO2, VCO2, RR, and VE (P < 0.05). At rest, TC demonstrated more favorable respiratory efficiency (VE/VCO2; 35.53 ± 5.65 versus 41.07 ± 5.21, P < 0.05). During the postexercise recovery phase, time-domain HRV indices decreased after walking (e.g., pNN20: 35.7 ± 24.1 baseline, 10.3 ± 9.5 postwalk; pNN50: 20.9 ± 18.5 baseline, 3.9 ± 3.7 postwalk), while they remained relatively unchanged after TC. Frequency-domain HRV measures suggested greater total power (TP) across all phases of TC versus walking, particularly during meditation (P < 0.05 for LnTP). Preliminary data support that TC may be associated with improved pulmonary efficiency and reduced rapid shallow breathing compared with walking and be a viable exercise maintenance option after pulmonary rehabilitation.
{"title":"Cardiorespiratory Effects of Tai Chi Versus Walking: Exploratory Data from the LEAP Trial","authors":"Stephen A. Maris, Yan Ma, D. Litrownik, Marilyn L. Moy, Roger B. Davis, Peter M. Wayne, Gloria Y. Yeh","doi":"10.31189/2165-6193-13.2.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31189/2165-6193-13.2.52","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Tai Chi (TC), a mind-body exercise, may be a potential exercise maintenance strategy for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) after pulmonary rehabilitation. We sought to characterize the acute cardiorespiratory response during TC versus walking in patients with COPD after a 24-week intervention.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Cardiorespiratory data were available on 26 adults with COPD (46% female, 54% GOLD stage III–IV) randomized to TC (n = 19) or group walking (n = 7). At 24 weeks, we examined between-groups standard cardiorespiratory measures (heart rate (HR), oxygen consumption (VO2), expired carbon dioxide (VCO2), respiratory rate (RR), and ventilation (VE)) during a multiphase in-class characterization protocol. Continuous HR data during resting and exercise phases were analyzed for time- and frequency-domain HR variability (HRV) indices.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 At 24 weeks, during exercise phases, those in TC exhibited a mean HR of 80 ± 15 b · min−1, RR of 16.5 ± 4 breaths·min−1, and VO2 of 434.8 ± 146.5 mL·min−1; and in walking 95.7 ± 9.2 b·min −1, 26.2 ± 8 breaths·min−1, and 901.3 ± 261.2 mL·min−1, respectively (P < 0.05). Overall, TC was less strenuous with lower HR, VO2, VCO2, RR, and VE (P < 0.05). At rest, TC demonstrated more favorable respiratory efficiency (VE/VCO2; 35.53 ± 5.65 versus 41.07 ± 5.21, P < 0.05). During the postexercise recovery phase, time-domain HRV indices decreased after walking (e.g., pNN20: 35.7 ± 24.1 baseline, 10.3 ± 9.5 postwalk; pNN50: 20.9 ± 18.5 baseline, 3.9 ± 3.7 postwalk), while they remained relatively unchanged after TC. Frequency-domain HRV measures suggested greater total power (TP) across all phases of TC versus walking, particularly during meditation (P < 0.05 for LnTP).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Preliminary data support that TC may be associated with improved pulmonary efficiency and reduced rapid shallow breathing compared with walking and be a viable exercise maintenance option after pulmonary rehabilitation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":92070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical exercise physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141404209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.31189/2165-6193-13.2.65
Jonathan K. Ehrman, Elizabeth O'Neill
{"title":"Stroke, Step Count, and Alzheimer’s","authors":"Jonathan K. Ehrman, Elizabeth O'Neill","doi":"10.31189/2165-6193-13.2.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31189/2165-6193-13.2.65","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical exercise physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141406174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.31189/2165-6193-13.2.35
Jonathan K. Ehrman
{"title":"Effective Manuscript Writing: A Learned Process","authors":"Jonathan K. Ehrman","doi":"10.31189/2165-6193-13.2.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31189/2165-6193-13.2.35","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical exercise physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141404080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.31189/2165-6193-13.2.61
D. Mazala, Morgan T. Fique, Andrea T. Barton, Karla A. Kubitz, Kathleen R. Dondero, Nicolas D. Knuth
{"title":"Effects of 12 Months of Kettlebell Training on an Individual with Myasthenia Gravis","authors":"D. Mazala, Morgan T. Fique, Andrea T. Barton, Karla A. Kubitz, Kathleen R. Dondero, Nicolas D. Knuth","doi":"10.31189/2165-6193-13.2.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31189/2165-6193-13.2.61","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical exercise physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141397814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.31189/2165-6193-13.2.44
Ludmila Cosio Lima, Licheng Lee, Armaghan Mahmoudian, L. Adlof, Youngil Lee
Sudden cardiac death in young athletes is a rare and tragic occurrence. A preparticipation physical examination (PPE) is widely used to identify athletes who might be at risk of sudden cardiac death. High school athletes in Escambia, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties in Florida undergo annual sports physicals through a local sports medicine outreach program. A resting electrocardiogram (ECG) was implemented during the 2022 PPE. The aim of this study was to document the efficacy of implementing ECGs and to highlight the cardiac abnormalities identified in young athletes as part of a 1-d PPE. In total, 1,357 high school athletes (males = 879 and females = 478; age, 15.1 ± 1.3 years) completed a resting 12-lead ECG. These were interpreted by cardiologists using the International Criteria, with abnormal results being further investigated before final sports clearance. Descriptive statistics regarding ECG findings were analyzed. Twenty-three ECGs (1.7%) were classified as “abnormal” and were referred for further testing. Of these, 14 athletes were cleared to participate in sports, and 6 declined further evaluation. Three athletes, all males, were not cleared for sports participation. Of these, 2 athletes presented with Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome (0.15%), and 1 athlete (0.10%) presented with dilated cardiomyopathy. Adding ECG screening as part of a single-day PPE can be used as a tool in identifying cardiac abnormalities among young athletes. To our knowledge, this is the highest number of athletes screened during a PPE in 1 d nationwide.
{"title":"ECG Characteristics of Young High School Athletes in Northwest Florida","authors":"Ludmila Cosio Lima, Licheng Lee, Armaghan Mahmoudian, L. Adlof, Youngil Lee","doi":"10.31189/2165-6193-13.2.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31189/2165-6193-13.2.44","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Sudden cardiac death in young athletes is a rare and tragic occurrence. A preparticipation physical examination (PPE) is widely used to identify athletes who might be at risk of sudden cardiac death. High school athletes in Escambia, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties in Florida undergo annual sports physicals through a local sports medicine outreach program. A resting electrocardiogram (ECG) was implemented during the 2022 PPE. The aim of this study was to document the efficacy of implementing ECGs and to highlight the cardiac abnormalities identified in young athletes as part of a 1-d PPE.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In total, 1,357 high school athletes (males = 879 and females = 478; age, 15.1 ± 1.3 years) completed a resting 12-lead ECG. These were interpreted by cardiologists using the International Criteria, with abnormal results being further investigated before final sports clearance. Descriptive statistics regarding ECG findings were analyzed.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Twenty-three ECGs (1.7%) were classified as “abnormal” and were referred for further testing. Of these, 14 athletes were cleared to participate in sports, and 6 declined further evaluation. Three athletes, all males, were not cleared for sports participation. Of these, 2 athletes presented with Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome (0.15%), and 1 athlete (0.10%) presented with dilated cardiomyopathy.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Adding ECG screening as part of a single-day PPE can be used as a tool in identifying cardiac abnormalities among young athletes. To our knowledge, this is the highest number of athletes screened during a PPE in 1 d nationwide.\u0000","PeriodicalId":92070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical exercise physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141407962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.31189/2165-7629-13-s2.401
Ms Tess Hawkins, Ms Ella Cooper, Ms Kate Williamson, Ms Taylah Pepper, A/Prof John Cullen, A/Prof Louise Waite
The Centre for STRONG Medicine is an outpatient multidisciplinary geriatric service at Concord Hospital, Sydney. An 82-year-old male with a primary diagnosis of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) with cardiac and metabolic comorbidities was referred in March 2023. PSP is a rare neurological disorder that affects gait, balance, vision, and cognition. The participant mobilised with a rollator and had previously sustained vertebral and wrist fractures secondary to falls. Management was to use progressive resistance training (PRT) to combat mobility decline, prevent falls and provide education to encourage independent exercise. Initial assessment determined current health status using Falls Self Efficacy Scale (FSE-I) and Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP) questionnaires, and measured function and strength using maximal gait speed, five times sit-to-stand (5xSTS) and one repetition maximum (1RM), respectively. FSE-I determined a high fear of falling and FFP determined frail classification. Outcomes informed the PRT exercise prescription targeting the major muscle groups for 2-3 sets of 7-9 repetitions at 70-85% 1RM progressed gradually and preformed twice weekly in a supervised group. Education regarding breathing, exercise tempo, rest, progression, and risk mitigation were provided. All outcomes were reassessed after 12-weeks of training. Attendance was 100% (23 sessions) with improvement in all outcomes. Functional improvements included 0.25metres/second increase in maximal gait speed, 2.5 second reduction in 5xSTS, and safe mobilisation without a rollator. Strength improvements included 101% increase in 1RM leg press, 100% increase in 1RM triceps extension and 72% increase in 1RM seated row. Frailty status improved to pre-frail and fear of falling reduced. Self-reported improvements included increased steadiness and confidence exercising unsupervised. Although PSP is progressive, PRT resulted in meaningful benefits in strength and function that improved daily task performance and confidence. Further research is needed to investigate the effects of PRT on PSP management in a larger cohort.
{"title":"THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROGRESSIVE RESISTANCE TRAINING IN MANAGING PROGRESSIVE SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY: A CASE STUDY","authors":"Ms Tess Hawkins, Ms Ella Cooper, Ms Kate Williamson, Ms Taylah Pepper, A/Prof John Cullen, A/Prof Louise Waite","doi":"10.31189/2165-7629-13-s2.401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31189/2165-7629-13-s2.401","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The Centre for STRONG Medicine is an outpatient multidisciplinary geriatric service at Concord Hospital, Sydney. An 82-year-old male with a primary diagnosis of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) with cardiac and metabolic comorbidities was referred in March 2023. PSP is a rare neurological disorder that affects gait, balance, vision, and cognition. The participant mobilised with a rollator and had previously sustained vertebral and wrist fractures secondary to falls.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Management was to use progressive resistance training (PRT) to combat mobility decline, prevent falls and provide education to encourage independent exercise. Initial assessment determined current health status using Falls Self Efficacy Scale (FSE-I) and Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP) questionnaires, and measured function and strength using maximal gait speed, five times sit-to-stand (5xSTS) and one repetition maximum (1RM), respectively. FSE-I determined a high fear of falling and FFP determined frail classification. Outcomes informed the PRT exercise prescription targeting the major muscle groups for 2-3 sets of 7-9 repetitions at 70-85% 1RM progressed gradually and preformed twice weekly in a supervised group. Education regarding breathing, exercise tempo, rest, progression, and risk mitigation were provided. All outcomes were reassessed after 12-weeks of training.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Attendance was 100% (23 sessions) with improvement in all outcomes. Functional improvements included 0.25metres/second increase in maximal gait speed, 2.5 second reduction in 5xSTS, and safe mobilisation without a rollator. Strength improvements included 101% increase in 1RM leg press, 100% increase in 1RM triceps extension and 72% increase in 1RM seated row. Frailty status improved to pre-frail and fear of falling reduced. Self-reported improvements included increased steadiness and confidence exercising unsupervised.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Although PSP is progressive, PRT resulted in meaningful benefits in strength and function that improved daily task performance and confidence. Further research is needed to investigate the effects of PRT on PSP management in a larger cohort.\u0000","PeriodicalId":92070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical exercise physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141045409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.31189/2165-7629-13-s2.458
Dr Antony Stadnyk, Prof Franco Impellizzeri, Dr Jamie Stanley, Dr Paolo Menaspà, Dr Katie Slattery
Like most high performance sports, track cyclists are typically supported within the training environment by coaches and interdisciplinary practitioners who, through evidence-based practices, guide the athlete through the process of performance development. To effectively impact practice and athlete performance, practitioners must be able to implement their knowledge and expertise in a way that complements the wider performance team. The aim of this study was to examine track cycling coaches’ perspectives of the role and impact of sport science and research on their practice and the athlete development process. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with elite track cycling coaches (n=8) who had been working at the highest level of the sport (Olympics, UCI World Championships). The interviews addressed factors contributing to athlete preparation, and the current and potential impact of sport science on the development of elite track cyclists. Reflexive thematic analysis was conducted to identify common themes in participants’ experiences and perspectives. Three principal themes were identified from the data: ‘conversation & the information dynamic’, highlighting the impact of information and feedback within the performance team for developing collective training intelligence; ‘integrating performance components for the individual’, detailing the importance of individualised and integrated approaches to athletes’ performance needs; and, ‘science to complement the vision’, examining the value of filtered data, and limitations of research in practice. The findings highlighted two key contributors to performance team effectiveness: athletes deeply invested in, and actively contributing to, the development process; and, performance staff identifying and filtering research and data to impact decision making and athlete development. A four-stage model was developed from the collective findings for guiding sport scientists’ impact in athlete-led practice environments. Additionally, the model outlines sport scientist-supportive actions for coaches and athletes, along with practice-supportive actions for researchers, to improve impact within the sport.
{"title":"IMPROVING SPORT SCIENCE IMPACT IN ATHLETE-LED PRACTICE ENVIRONMENTS: A PERSEPCTIVE FROM TRACK CYCLING","authors":"Dr Antony Stadnyk, Prof Franco Impellizzeri, Dr Jamie Stanley, Dr Paolo Menaspà, Dr Katie Slattery","doi":"10.31189/2165-7629-13-s2.458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31189/2165-7629-13-s2.458","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Like most high performance sports, track cyclists are typically supported within the training environment by coaches and interdisciplinary practitioners who, through evidence-based practices, guide the athlete through the process of performance development. To effectively impact practice and athlete performance, practitioners must be able to implement their knowledge and expertise in a way that complements the wider performance team. The aim of this study was to examine track cycling coaches’ perspectives of the role and impact of sport science and research on their practice and the athlete development process.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Semi-structured interviews were conducted with elite track cycling coaches (n=8) who had been working at the highest level of the sport (Olympics, UCI World Championships). The interviews addressed factors contributing to athlete preparation, and the current and potential impact of sport science on the development of elite track cyclists. Reflexive thematic analysis was conducted to identify common themes in participants’ experiences and perspectives.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Three principal themes were identified from the data: ‘conversation & the information dynamic’, highlighting the impact of information and feedback within the performance team for developing collective training intelligence; ‘integrating performance components for the individual’, detailing the importance of individualised and integrated approaches to athletes’ performance needs; and, ‘science to complement the vision’, examining the value of filtered data, and limitations of research in practice.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The findings highlighted two key contributors to performance team effectiveness: athletes deeply invested in, and actively contributing to, the development process; and, performance staff identifying and filtering research and data to impact decision making and athlete development. A four-stage model was developed from the collective findings for guiding sport scientists’ impact in athlete-led practice environments. Additionally, the model outlines sport scientist-supportive actions for coaches and athletes, along with practice-supportive actions for researchers, to improve impact within the sport.\u0000","PeriodicalId":92070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical exercise physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141045480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.31189/2165-7629-13-s2.398
Matthew D Jones, Mr Avi Goodman, Michael C. Ferraro, Mr Harrison Hansford, James H McAuley
Clinical guidelines are used to inform best practice care, with research evidence a key aspect informing guideline recommendations. Physical activity is recommended for the management of a large variety of health conditions; however, the conditions that physical activity is recommended for has not been synthesised, nor has the quality of the evidence that informs these guideline recommendations. To understand the extent and type of evidence for physical activity recommendations across different health conditions in the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) clinical guidelines. NICE was searched for clinical guidelines that recommended physical activity in the management/treatment of a health condition. Data relating to the condition, guideline date, physical activity recommendation(s) (general or specific), and evidence underpinning the recommendations was extracted. Where applicable, recommendations for research, priorities for implementation, and impact of the recommendations was also extracted. 221 clinical guidelines were reviewed, of which 52 provided one or more physical activity recommendations and were included in the analysis. The guidelines covered a range of conditions including cardiovascular, mental health, metabolic, neurological, musculoskeletal, and others. Most guidelines (n=43) provided general physical activity recommendations (e.g. advice to be active) whereas only 9 provided specific recommendations (e.g. type and dose of physical activity). The evidence underpinning the physical activity recommendations in the guidelines was mixed but was mostly based on very low-moderate quality evidence. Despite this, few guidelines recommended further research around physical activity. Physical activity is recommended in many clinical guidelines, demonstrating its perceived importance for improving health across a wide range of different conditions. The mostly low-quality evidence on which these recommendations are based questions why more guidelines do not recommend further high-quality research into physical activity. This would improve confidence in the evidence and hence confidence in the recommendations made by the guidelines.
{"title":"EXERCISE IS MEDICINE, BUT FOR WHAT? A MAPPING REVIEW OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY RECOMMENDATIONS IN THE UK NICE CLINICAL GUIDELINES","authors":"Matthew D Jones, Mr Avi Goodman, Michael C. Ferraro, Mr Harrison Hansford, James H McAuley","doi":"10.31189/2165-7629-13-s2.398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31189/2165-7629-13-s2.398","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Clinical guidelines are used to inform best practice care, with research evidence a key aspect informing guideline recommendations. Physical activity is recommended for the management of a large variety of health conditions; however, the conditions that physical activity is recommended for has not been synthesised, nor has the quality of the evidence that informs these guideline recommendations.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To understand the extent and type of evidence for physical activity recommendations across different health conditions in the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) clinical guidelines.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 NICE was searched for clinical guidelines that recommended physical activity in the management/treatment of a health condition. Data relating to the condition, guideline date, physical activity recommendation(s) (general or specific), and evidence underpinning the recommendations was extracted. Where applicable, recommendations for research, priorities for implementation, and impact of the recommendations was also extracted.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 221 clinical guidelines were reviewed, of which 52 provided one or more physical activity recommendations and were included in the analysis. The guidelines covered a range of conditions including cardiovascular, mental health, metabolic, neurological, musculoskeletal, and others. Most guidelines (n=43) provided general physical activity recommendations (e.g. advice to be active) whereas only 9 provided specific recommendations (e.g. type and dose of physical activity). The evidence underpinning the physical activity recommendations in the guidelines was mixed but was mostly based on very low-moderate quality evidence. Despite this, few guidelines recommended further research around physical activity.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Physical activity is recommended in many clinical guidelines, demonstrating its perceived importance for improving health across a wide range of different conditions. The mostly low-quality evidence on which these recommendations are based questions why more guidelines do not recommend further high-quality research into physical activity. This would improve confidence in the evidence and hence confidence in the recommendations made by the guidelines.\u0000","PeriodicalId":92070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical exercise physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141051573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.31189/2165-7629-13-s2.407
Alex Boytar, Dr Morgan Farley, Chloe Salisbury, Tina Skinner, Professor David Jenkins
High intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to elicit significant improvements in VO2peak in cancer survivors. Only 46-60% of healthy individuals are reported to respond to exercise interventions, though this rate has not been investigated in cancer survivors. AIMS: To determine the response rate in cancer survivors over 28-weeks of HIIT as measured by changes in cardiorespiratory fitness. Secondarily, the study aimed to observe associations between changes in cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition and inflammatory markers. 131 survivors of breast, prostate or colorectal cancer were observed over 28-weeks of HIIT (4x4 minutes; 85-95% HRpeak). VO2peak, body composition and markers of systemic inflammation were assessed at baseline, four-, 16- and 28-weeks. An improvement in VO2peak of 3.5 ml.kg-1.min-1 was used as a standard of minimal clinically important difference (MCID). Body composition was measured using DEXA, and inflammatory markers were assessed for each timepoint. 59.6% of participants improved their VO2peak greater than MCID (+3.5 ml.kg-1.min-1) and these individuals were retrospectively classified as responders. Responders showed improvements in VO2peak at four- and 16-weeks and maintained this change through to 28-weeks (0-4 weeks: +2.92 ml.kg-1.min-1, p<0.001; 0-16 weeks: +5.70 ml.kg-1.min-1, p<0.001; and 0-28 weeks: +5.30 ml.kg-1.min-1, p<0.001). No significant change in VO2peak was seen in non-responders (40.4%). Time since treatment, cancer type, and cancer treatment were all found to contribute to a model predicting VO2peak change (R=0.464, R2 = 21.5%., adj R2=16.1%, p<0.001). Body composition and inflammatory markers improved in response to training however were not associated with VO2peak change. HIIT elicited a MCID in VO2peak in almost 60% of cancer survivors. Independent to VO2peak change and cancer type, survivors showed significant favourable changes in inflammation and body composition in response to training.
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