Pub Date : 2015-05-01DOI: 10.3923/RJES.2015.216.224
F. LewisOscar, R. Praveenkum, N. Thajuddin
Microalgae are considered one of the viable feedstocks having potential to replace agricultural products for bioethanol production. The culture costs of microalgae remain the major hurdle in using them to produce bioethanol. This study focuses upon cultivation of a freshwater branched microalga Stigeoclonium sp., Kütz. BUM11007 in domestic wastewater and use the biomass for bioethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Initially the microalga Stigeoclonium sp., was tested for their efficiency to remove the nutrients from different wastewater. When the organism was allowed to grow in wastewater they almost use all the available nutrients from the medium within 14 day. Among the various culture setups established, maximum growth (2.38±0.34 g LG1 dry cell weight) was observed from the setup composed of a wastewater (WW1) with 50% strength of Chu10 medium. The carbohydrates and starch contents of the cell were almost similar among the different culture setups. The algal biomass was harvested and tested for their usefulness in bioethanol production. The algal biomass was acid treated to dissolve the complex sugars. The sugar extract was used as the fermentation medium for bioethanol production with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. After 24 h of anaerobic fermentation, the yield was quantified as 0.195 g ethanol/g of microalgal biomass. The result proves the possibility of developing integrated process for bioethanol production with microalgal biomass cultivated from wastewater.
微藻被认为是一种可行的原料，具有替代农产品生产生物乙醇的潜力。微藻的培养成本仍然是利用它们生产生物乙醇的主要障碍。本文研究了淡水分枝微藻Stigeoclonium sp.， k的培养。从生活废水中提取BUM11007，并利用生物质通过酿酒酵母生产生物乙醇。最初测试了微藻对不同废水中营养物质的去除效率。当微生物在废水中生长时，它们在14天内几乎使用了培养基中的所有可用营养物质。在所建立的各种培养设置中，由废水(WW1)和50% Chu10培养基组成的培养设置观察到最大的生长(2.38±0.34 g LG1干细胞重)。细胞的碳水化合物和淀粉含量在不同的培养设置中几乎相似。藻类生物量被收获并测试了它们在生物乙醇生产中的用途。对藻类生物量进行酸处理以溶解复合糖。以糖提取物为发酵培养基，用酿酒酵母生产生物乙醇。厌氧发酵24 h后，量化产量为0.195 g乙醇/g微藻生物量。研究结果证明了利用废水培养的微藻生物质开发生物乙醇一体化生产工艺的可能性。
{"title":"Bioethanol Production Using Starch Extracted from Microalga Stigeoclonium sp., Kutz. BUM11007 Cultivated in Domestic Wastewater","authors":"F. LewisOscar, R. Praveenkum, N. Thajuddin","doi":"10.3923/RJES.2015.216.224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/RJES.2015.216.224","url":null,"abstract":"Microalgae are considered one of the viable feedstocks having potential to replace agricultural products for bioethanol production. The culture costs of microalgae remain the major hurdle in using them to produce bioethanol. This study focuses upon cultivation of a freshwater branched microalga Stigeoclonium sp., Kütz. BUM11007 in domestic wastewater and use the biomass for bioethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Initially the microalga Stigeoclonium sp., was tested for their efficiency to remove the nutrients from different wastewater. When the organism was allowed to grow in wastewater they almost use all the available nutrients from the medium within 14 day. Among the various culture setups established, maximum growth (2.38±0.34 g LG1 dry cell weight) was observed from the setup composed of a wastewater (WW1) with 50% strength of Chu10 medium. The carbohydrates and starch contents of the cell were almost similar among the different culture setups. The algal biomass was harvested and tested for their usefulness in bioethanol production. The algal biomass was acid treated to dissolve the complex sugars. The sugar extract was used as the fermentation medium for bioethanol production with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. After 24 h of anaerobic fermentation, the yield was quantified as 0.195 g ethanol/g of microalgal biomass. The result proves the possibility of developing integrated process for bioethanol production with microalgal biomass cultivated from wastewater.","PeriodicalId":92133,"journal":{"name":"Research journal of chemical and environmental sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89707609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-01DOI: 10.3923/RJES.2015.206.215
A. Hossain
Bougainvillea is a popular ornamental plant in the tropics and sub-tropics of the world. It bursts forth with colorful flowers for the year round if it is planted in the adaptive climate. The ornamental importance of Bougainvillea bract is for the imparting and increasing color effect in the garden. Increasing plantation and beautification of bougainvillea have a scope in drier region and its use in vacant areas as road side plantation, beautification of traffic islands and wide road dividers for its own colorful environment. The study was carried out to investigate the effects of Amino Oxyacetic Acid (AOA) and sucrose on the vase life and senescence of bougainvillea bract. The treatments were used as water control, AOA and sucrose at different concentrations. The decreasing trend of fresh weight was found on the 3rd day and again increased on the 5th day in the case of all treated flowers. The lowest water uptake percentage was found in 4% sucrose and 50 ppm AOA concentration. However, senescence was delayed for 3 days in AOA 50 ppm and 4% sucrose concentration. The vase life of both AOA 50 ppm and 4% sucrose concentration treated-flowers were much longer (4 days) than control compared to the all concentration of sucrose and AOA. The results showed that the best treatment for vase life and delay senescence was AOA 50 ppm and 4% sucrose concentration.
{"title":"Effects of Amino Oxyacetic Acid (AOA) and Sucrose on the Longevity of Bougainvillea Flower Bract","authors":"A. Hossain","doi":"10.3923/RJES.2015.206.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/RJES.2015.206.215","url":null,"abstract":"Bougainvillea is a popular ornamental plant in the tropics and sub-tropics of the world. It bursts forth with colorful flowers for the year round if it is planted in the adaptive climate. The ornamental importance of Bougainvillea bract is for the imparting and increasing color effect in the garden. Increasing plantation and beautification of bougainvillea have a scope in drier region and its use in vacant areas as road side plantation, beautification of traffic islands and wide road dividers for its own colorful environment. The study was carried out to investigate the effects of Amino Oxyacetic Acid (AOA) and sucrose on the vase life and senescence of bougainvillea bract. The treatments were used as water control, AOA and sucrose at different concentrations. The decreasing trend of fresh weight was found on the 3rd day and again increased on the 5th day in the case of all treated flowers. The lowest water uptake percentage was found in 4% sucrose and 50 ppm AOA concentration. However, senescence was delayed for 3 days in AOA 50 ppm and 4% sucrose concentration. The vase life of both AOA 50 ppm and 4% sucrose concentration treated-flowers were much longer (4 days) than control compared to the all concentration of sucrose and AOA. The results showed that the best treatment for vase life and delay senescence was AOA 50 ppm and 4% sucrose concentration.","PeriodicalId":92133,"journal":{"name":"Research journal of chemical and environmental sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73408028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-01DOI: 10.3923/RJES.2015.225.232
Anthony Cemaluk C. Egbuonu
Harnessing food wastes utilization in diets and drugs could improve food supply, health and the environment while antinutrients composition in a food provides an idea of the pharmacologic, dietary and toxic potentials of the food. Thus, this study assessed the antinutrient properties of the rind and seed of watermelon (Citrullus lanantus) which are usually discarded as food wastes in Nigeria, using standard protocols. The antinutrients (mg/100 g) in the rind and seed, respectively viz: saponin (3.0±0.03, 2.31±0.01), alkaloid (1.39±0.00, 0.36±1.03), tannins (1.33±0.01, 0.61±0.01), phenol (0.53±0.00, 0.12±0.01) and flavonoid (2.87±0.00, 2.03±0.02) were higher in the rind than in the seed. The content (mg/100 g) in the seed for cyanide (0.79±0.01), phytate (0.63±1.00) and oxalate (0.09±0.00) was higher than that in the rind for cyanide (0.00±0.00), phytate (0.46±0.00) and oxalate (0.08±0.01). The recorded difference in the antinutreints content in the rind and seed samples was not significant (p>0.05), hence negligible. The preponderance of these antinutrients in a comparatively lower amount in the samples suggests that the watermelon rind and seed may offer pharmacologic and dietary benefits at a possibly lower toxic risk. Thus, the study supports the use of watermelon rind and seed as food and/or as drug in ethnomedication. Further studies to harness and enhance the utilization of watermelon rind and seed in diets and drugs are required to reduce their attendant waste burden in the environment.
{"title":"Assessment of some Antinutrient Properties of the Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Rind and Seed","authors":"Anthony Cemaluk C. Egbuonu","doi":"10.3923/RJES.2015.225.232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/RJES.2015.225.232","url":null,"abstract":"Harnessing food wastes utilization in diets and drugs could improve food supply, health and the environment while antinutrients composition in a food provides an idea of the pharmacologic, dietary and toxic potentials of the food. Thus, this study assessed the antinutrient properties of the rind and seed of watermelon (Citrullus lanantus) which are usually discarded as food wastes in Nigeria, using standard protocols. The antinutrients (mg/100 g) in the rind and seed, respectively viz: saponin (3.0±0.03, 2.31±0.01), alkaloid (1.39±0.00, 0.36±1.03), tannins (1.33±0.01, 0.61±0.01), phenol (0.53±0.00, 0.12±0.01) and flavonoid (2.87±0.00, 2.03±0.02) were higher in the rind than in the seed. The content (mg/100 g) in the seed for cyanide (0.79±0.01), phytate (0.63±1.00) and oxalate (0.09±0.00) was higher than that in the rind for cyanide (0.00±0.00), phytate (0.46±0.00) and oxalate (0.08±0.01). The recorded difference in the antinutreints content in the rind and seed samples was not significant (p>0.05), hence negligible. The preponderance of these antinutrients in a comparatively lower amount in the samples suggests that the watermelon rind and seed may offer pharmacologic and dietary benefits at a possibly lower toxic risk. Thus, the study supports the use of watermelon rind and seed as food and/or as drug in ethnomedication. Further studies to harness and enhance the utilization of watermelon rind and seed in diets and drugs are required to reduce their attendant waste burden in the environment.","PeriodicalId":92133,"journal":{"name":"Research journal of chemical and environmental sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87403148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-01DOI: 10.3923/RJES.2015.233.240
slamet isworo isworo, I. Purwanto, A. Sabdono
Rawa Pening, a Lake in Central Java, Indonesia, serves as a source of power, irrigation and flood control and is used for fishing. Due to highly intensity agriculture activities surround the lake, it might be contaminated by pesticides. The aims of this study were to survey the pesticide usage and to detect pesticide concentrations on water and sediment of Rawa Pening Lake. A questioner observation was used to inventory the types of pesticides used. Gas chromatography equipped with Flame Photometric Detector (FID) detector was used to analyze selected pesticide concentrations of water and sediment samples. The findings survey showed that profenofos organophosphate are most commonly being used in the Rawa Pening Lake, followed by Carbamate, Deltamethrin, Imidachloprid, Fentoat, Carbosulfan, Carbofuran and Lamda Sihalotrin. No organochlorine pesticide was used by the farmers. Both pesticide residue levels of selected organophosphates and organochlorines in water ranged from Below Detection Limit (BDL) to 0.054±0.039 mg LG1 and Below Detection Limit (BDL) to 0.016±0.008 mg LG1, respectively. Whereas, the residue level of organophosphates detected in sediment samples ranged from Below Detection Limit (BDL) to 0.199±0.083 kgG1, while organochlorine ranged Below Detection Limit (BDL) to 0.067±0.032 mg kgG1. Profenofos was the highest detected pesticides and exceeded the prescribed standards. This study proved that the presence of organophosphorus contamination in the Rawa Pening Lake due to pesticide usage in Rawa Pening Lake areas. While, the banned organochlorine pesticide compounds were still detected in the lake because of possible usage of these chemicals illegally at the present or in the past.
{"title":"Impact of Pesticide Use on Organophosphorus and Organochlorine Concentration in Water and Sediment of Rawa Pening Lake, Indonesia","authors":"slamet isworo isworo, I. Purwanto, A. Sabdono","doi":"10.3923/RJES.2015.233.240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/RJES.2015.233.240","url":null,"abstract":"Rawa Pening, a Lake in Central Java, Indonesia, serves as a source of power, irrigation and flood control and is used for fishing. Due to highly intensity agriculture activities surround the lake, it might be contaminated by pesticides. The aims of this study were to survey the pesticide usage and to detect pesticide concentrations on water and sediment of Rawa Pening Lake. A questioner observation was used to inventory the types of pesticides used. Gas chromatography equipped with Flame Photometric Detector (FID) detector was used to analyze selected pesticide concentrations of water and sediment samples. The findings survey showed that profenofos organophosphate are most commonly being used in the Rawa Pening Lake, followed by Carbamate, Deltamethrin, Imidachloprid, Fentoat, Carbosulfan, Carbofuran and Lamda Sihalotrin. No organochlorine pesticide was used by the farmers. Both pesticide residue levels of selected organophosphates and organochlorines in water ranged from Below Detection Limit (BDL) to 0.054±0.039 mg LG1 and Below Detection Limit (BDL) to 0.016±0.008 mg LG1, respectively. Whereas, the residue level of organophosphates detected in sediment samples ranged from Below Detection Limit (BDL) to 0.199±0.083 kgG1, while organochlorine ranged Below Detection Limit (BDL) to 0.067±0.032 mg kgG1. Profenofos was the highest detected pesticides and exceeded the prescribed standards. This study proved that the presence of organophosphorus contamination in the Rawa Pening Lake due to pesticide usage in Rawa Pening Lake areas. While, the banned organochlorine pesticide compounds were still detected in the lake because of possible usage of these chemicals illegally at the present or in the past.","PeriodicalId":92133,"journal":{"name":"Research journal of chemical and environmental sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89572324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-01DOI: 10.3923/RJES.2015.249.255
O. Abioye, O. Ekundayo, S. Aransiola
{"title":"Bioremoval of Zinc in Polluted Soil using Acalypha inferno","authors":"O. Abioye, O. Ekundayo, S. Aransiola","doi":"10.3923/RJES.2015.249.255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/RJES.2015.249.255","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92133,"journal":{"name":"Research journal of chemical and environmental sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82508447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-01DOI: 10.3923/RJES.2015.241.248
Abdolraheem Shakibapou, S. Saeedipour
Crop-weed competition has a profound effect on the seed yield of mung bean. We evaluated the effects of both the seed rate and weeding regime on the weed infestation and crop performance of mung bean. Two factors via seed rate (15, 25 or 35 kg haG1) and different doses of haloxyfop-R-methyl (0, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 L haG1) were included in the experiment. The experiment was implemented in a split-plot design accommodating seed rate in the main plot and doses of herbicide in the subplot with four replications. Mean data from the experiment showed that weed density and weed dry weight were significantly affected by seed rate: these two variables decreased with the increase in the seed rate (p<0.01). The seed rate significantly influenced plant height, number of pod per plant, biological yield and seed yield. Different variables that included: Plant height, number of pod per plant, 1000 seed weight, harvest index and seed yield were significantly influenced by variations of herbicide doses. Seed yield was significantly improved in dose of 1.2 L haG1. Overall, the interaction effect of seed rate and herbicide doses was not significant in respect to the plant characteristics except harvest index and seed yield. Nevertheless, a seed rate of 35 kg haG1, coupled with volume of 0.8 L haG1, illustrated the best seed yield. Therefore, crop competition can be explored as an effective alternative weed management strategy and achieving optimal yield of mung bean.
禾草竞争对绿豆种子产量有深远的影响。本研究评价了种子率和除草制度对绿豆杂草侵害和作物生产性能的影响。试验包括种子率(15、25和35 kg haG1)和不同剂量(0、0.4、0.8和1.2 L haG1)两个因素。试验采用分畦设计，主畦采用种子率，次畦采用除草剂剂量，共4个重复。试验平均数据表明，种子率显著影响杂草密度和干重，随种子率的增加而降低(p<0.01)。种子率对株高、单株荚果数、生物产量和种子产量均有显著影响。株高、单株荚果数、千粒重、收获指数和籽粒产量均受除草剂剂量影响显著。1.2 L haG1处理显著提高种子产量。总体而言，除收获指数和种子产量外，种子率和除草剂剂量对植株性状的互作效应不显著。然而，35 kg haG1的种子率，加上0.8 L haG1的体积，显示出最好的种子产量。因此，作物竞争可以作为绿豆杂草管理的有效替代策略，实现绿豆的最优产量。
{"title":"Influence of Seeding Rate and Reduced Doses of Super Gallant Herbicide on Weed Control, Yield and Component Yield of Mung Bean","authors":"Abdolraheem Shakibapou, S. Saeedipour","doi":"10.3923/RJES.2015.241.248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/RJES.2015.241.248","url":null,"abstract":"Crop-weed competition has a profound effect on the seed yield of mung bean. We evaluated the effects of both the seed rate and weeding regime on the weed infestation and crop performance of mung bean. Two factors via seed rate (15, 25 or 35 kg haG1) and different doses of haloxyfop-R-methyl (0, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 L haG1) were included in the experiment. The experiment was implemented in a split-plot design accommodating seed rate in the main plot and doses of herbicide in the subplot with four replications. Mean data from the experiment showed that weed density and weed dry weight were significantly affected by seed rate: these two variables decreased with the increase in the seed rate (p<0.01). The seed rate significantly influenced plant height, number of pod per plant, biological yield and seed yield. Different variables that included: Plant height, number of pod per plant, 1000 seed weight, harvest index and seed yield were significantly influenced by variations of herbicide doses. Seed yield was significantly improved in dose of 1.2 L haG1. Overall, the interaction effect of seed rate and herbicide doses was not significant in respect to the plant characteristics except harvest index and seed yield. Nevertheless, a seed rate of 35 kg haG1, coupled with volume of 0.8 L haG1, illustrated the best seed yield. Therefore, crop competition can be explored as an effective alternative weed management strategy and achieving optimal yield of mung bean.","PeriodicalId":92133,"journal":{"name":"Research journal of chemical and environmental sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83200000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-04-01DOI: 10.3923/RJES.2015.178.185
A. Hossain
Allamanda is an ornamental plant cultivated for their large, yellow and pink colorful flowers in the garden, office and home stead as well as in the occasional place. It makes attractive to the environmental beautification for its color and fragrant. The study was conducted with yellow type of Allamanda flower (Allamanda cathartica) to investigate the effects of gibberellic acid (GA3) and aluminium salt (aluminium sulfate) on the longevity (vase life and senescence) of the flower. Three types of treatments were used water control, gibberellin (GA3) 100 ppm and aluminium sulfate 150 ppm. Gibberellic acid (GA3) and aluminium sulfate were swabbed the bud twice a week for 2 weeks. The fresh weight was higher in the aluminium sulfate 150 ppm than gibberellin (GA3) 100 ppm and control. The decreasing trend of fresh weight was found in the case of all treated flowers. The lowest fresh weight loss was found in the aluminium sulfate 150 ppm then gibberellin (GA3) 100 ppm. Flowers treated with aluminum sulfate (8.19%) absorbed more water than those in GA3 and water control treated flower. Water uptake percentage was the highest in the aluminum sulfate treated flower followed by GA3 and water control treated flower. Senescence was delayed 5 days for aluminium sulfate 150 ppm and 1day for gibberellin (GA3) 100 ppm compared to control flower. Compare to control flower, the vase life of both aluminum and gibberellin treated-flowers were much longer (8.5 and 5.5 days) than control (4 days). The results showed that the best treatment for vase life and delay senescence was Aluminium sulphate 150 ppm and then gibberellin (GA3) 150 ppm.
{"title":"Development of Longevity of Allamanda Flower as Affected by Gibberellic Acid and Aluminium Salt","authors":"A. Hossain","doi":"10.3923/RJES.2015.178.185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/RJES.2015.178.185","url":null,"abstract":"Allamanda is an ornamental plant cultivated for their large, yellow and pink colorful flowers in the garden, office and home stead as well as in the occasional place. It makes attractive to the environmental beautification for its color and fragrant. The study was conducted with yellow type of Allamanda flower (Allamanda cathartica) to investigate the effects of gibberellic acid (GA3) and aluminium salt (aluminium sulfate) on the longevity (vase life and senescence) of the flower. Three types of treatments were used water control, gibberellin (GA3) 100 ppm and aluminium sulfate 150 ppm. Gibberellic acid (GA3) and aluminium sulfate were swabbed the bud twice a week for 2 weeks. The fresh weight was higher in the aluminium sulfate 150 ppm than gibberellin (GA3) 100 ppm and control. The decreasing trend of fresh weight was found in the case of all treated flowers. The lowest fresh weight loss was found in the aluminium sulfate 150 ppm then gibberellin (GA3) 100 ppm. Flowers treated with aluminum sulfate (8.19%) absorbed more water than those in GA3 and water control treated flower. Water uptake percentage was the highest in the aluminum sulfate treated flower followed by GA3 and water control treated flower. Senescence was delayed 5 days for aluminium sulfate 150 ppm and 1day for gibberellin (GA3) 100 ppm compared to control flower. Compare to control flower, the vase life of both aluminum and gibberellin treated-flowers were much longer (8.5 and 5.5 days) than control (4 days). The results showed that the best treatment for vase life and delay senescence was Aluminium sulphate 150 ppm and then gibberellin (GA3) 150 ppm.","PeriodicalId":92133,"journal":{"name":"Research journal of chemical and environmental sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73510572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-04-01DOI: 10.3923/RJES.2015.169.177
T. A. Akintunde, O. Abioye, S. Oyeleke, B. Boboye, U. Ijah
Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from 20 years abandoned mine site of Itagunmodi Atakunmosa West, Ilesha, Nigeria. Atomic absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) revealed Fe, Mn, Cr, Zn, Pb and Cr, while, Fe has the highest concentration range of 29-289 ppm in the analysed soil samples. Soil samples were enriched in R2b agar, serially diluted and pour plated. Four bacteria strains were isolated and identified using standard biochemical test. After routine biosurfactant screening by oil spreading and emulsification test, biosurfactant producing bacteria was confirmed as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The partially purified biosurfactants were characterized with TLC and GC-MS analysis. The analyses indicated glycolipid biosurfactant specifically designated as Rhamnolipid-sa1 containing isopalmitic acid, hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester and hydroxylated fatty acid linked to decanoic acids. Iron removal potential of the extracted biosurfactant was studied and the result revealed that Rhamnolipid-sa1 effectively reduced iron (60.34%) and could be useful as alternative remediation tool for treatment of iron contaminated soil.
{"title":"Remediation of Iron Using Rhamnolipid-Surfactant Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"T. A. Akintunde, O. Abioye, S. Oyeleke, B. Boboye, U. Ijah","doi":"10.3923/RJES.2015.169.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/RJES.2015.169.177","url":null,"abstract":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from 20 years abandoned mine site of Itagunmodi Atakunmosa West, Ilesha, Nigeria. Atomic absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) revealed Fe, Mn, Cr, Zn, Pb and Cr, while, Fe has the highest concentration range of 29-289 ppm in the analysed soil samples. Soil samples were enriched in R2b agar, serially diluted and pour plated. Four bacteria strains were isolated and identified using standard biochemical test. After routine biosurfactant screening by oil spreading and emulsification test, biosurfactant producing bacteria was confirmed as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The partially purified biosurfactants were characterized with TLC and GC-MS analysis. The analyses indicated glycolipid biosurfactant specifically designated as Rhamnolipid-sa1 containing isopalmitic acid, hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester and hydroxylated fatty acid linked to decanoic acids. Iron removal potential of the extracted biosurfactant was studied and the result revealed that Rhamnolipid-sa1 effectively reduced iron (60.34%) and could be useful as alternative remediation tool for treatment of iron contaminated soil.","PeriodicalId":92133,"journal":{"name":"Research journal of chemical and environmental sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72464926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-04-01DOI: 10.3923/RJES.2015.186.192
S. Kobraee, K. Shamsi
{"title":"Assessment of Zinc Transport in Different Organs and Various Growth Stages of Soybean under the Influence of Zinc, Iron and Manganese Fertilization","authors":"S. Kobraee, K. Shamsi","doi":"10.3923/RJES.2015.186.192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/RJES.2015.186.192","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92133,"journal":{"name":"Research journal of chemical and environmental sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79693648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-04-01DOI: 10.3923/RJES.2015.159.168
P. K. Mahish, K. L. Tiwari, S. K. Jadhav
Lead is important heavy metal found in different parts of the world and its high concentration releases in the environment due to anthropogenic activities. Industries are major sources of emission of lead in the environment. In present study, lead concentration was studied from coal based iron manufacturing industries, iron casting industry and petrochemical industry. The lead concentrations were studied from May, 2010 to April, 2011. All studied industries release lead concentration higher than the permissible limit of standard. Fungi were isolated from industrial effluent containing more than 1.0 mg LG1 of lead concentration. Dominant fungi isolated from high concentration of lead were further studied for tolerance against lead nitrate. Total 161 colonies of 37 species were isolated from industrial effluent in which genera of Aspergillus were found dominant. Maximum fungi were obtained from Columbia Petrochemical industry. Diversity of fungi is affected according to season and industries. Some fungi were found in all three season and also in high concentration of lead contaminated waste water. The dominant fungi were found tolerant against high concentration of lead nitrate. Hence, these fungi will utilize as biosorbent for absorption of lead from aqueous solution using ecofriendly method.
{"title":"Biodiversity of Fungi from Lead Contaminated Industrial Waste Water and Tolerance of Lead Metal Ion by Dominant Fungi","authors":"P. K. Mahish, K. L. Tiwari, S. K. Jadhav","doi":"10.3923/RJES.2015.159.168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/RJES.2015.159.168","url":null,"abstract":"Lead is important heavy metal found in different parts of the world and its high concentration releases in the environment due to anthropogenic activities. Industries are major sources of emission of lead in the environment. In present study, lead concentration was studied from coal based iron manufacturing industries, iron casting industry and petrochemical industry. The lead concentrations were studied from May, 2010 to April, 2011. All studied industries release lead concentration higher than the permissible limit of standard. Fungi were isolated from industrial effluent containing more than 1.0 mg LG1 of lead concentration. Dominant fungi isolated from high concentration of lead were further studied for tolerance against lead nitrate. Total 161 colonies of 37 species were isolated from industrial effluent in which genera of Aspergillus were found dominant. Maximum fungi were obtained from Columbia Petrochemical industry. Diversity of fungi is affected according to season and industries. Some fungi were found in all three season and also in high concentration of lead contaminated waste water. The dominant fungi were found tolerant against high concentration of lead nitrate. Hence, these fungi will utilize as biosorbent for absorption of lead from aqueous solution using ecofriendly method.","PeriodicalId":92133,"journal":{"name":"Research journal of chemical and environmental sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77059816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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