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Progress in botany 植物学进展
Pub Date : 2004-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-18819-0
Eberhard Schnepf
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引用次数: 136
Nodular thyroid disease. Abnormal thyroid function may be positive discriminator for malignancy. 结节性甲状腺疾病。甲状腺功能异常可能是恶性肿瘤的阳性鉴别指标。
IF 105.7 Pub Date : 2001-11-17 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.323.7322.1184
G L Sayer
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引用次数: 0
Neurocan: a brain chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan. Neurocan:一种脑硫酸软骨素蛋白多糖。
IF 6.2 Pub Date : 2001-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/PL00000822
U Rauch, K Feng, X H Zhou

Neurocan is a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan of the lectican family and a component of the extracellular matrix of the central nervous system. It is mainly expressed during modeling and remodeling stages of this tissue. Neurocan can bind to various structural extracellular matrix components, such as hyaluronan, heparin, tenascin-C and tenascin-R, and the growth and mobility factors FGF-2, HB-GAM, and amphoterin. Neurocan can also interact with several cell surface molecules, such as N-CAM, L1/Ng-CAM, TAG-1/axonin-1, and an N-cadherin-binding N-acetyl-galactosamine-phosphoryl-transferase, and in vitro studies have shown that neurocan is able to modulate the cell-binding and neurite outgrowth promoting activites of these molecules. Current analysis of the molecular structures and substructures involved in homophilic and heterophilic interactions of these molecules and complementary loss-of-function mutations might shed some light on the roles played by neurocan and interacting molecules in the fine tuning of the nervous system.

Neurocan 是一种硫酸软骨素蛋白多糖,属于 lectican 家族,是中枢神经系统细胞外基质的组成部分。它主要在该组织的建模和重塑阶段表达。Neurocan 可与多种细胞外基质结构成分结合,如透明质酸、肝素、tenascin-C 和 tenascin-R,以及生长和移动因子 FGF-2、HB-GAM 和两性霉素。神经蛋白还能与几种细胞表面分子相互作用,如 N-CAM、L1/Ng-CAM、TAG-1/轴突蛋白-1 和一种与 N-粘连蛋白结合的 N-乙酰半乳糖胺磷酸转移酶,体外研究表明神经蛋白能调节这些分子的细胞结合和神经元生长促进活性。目前对这些分子的同嗜性和异嗜性相互作用所涉及的分子结构和亚结构以及互补性功能缺失突变的分析,可能会对神经蛋白和相互作用分子在神经系统微调中所起的作用有所启示。
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引用次数: 0
Improvement of freezing tolerance in transgenic tobacco leaves by expressing the hiC6 gene. 通过表达 hiC6 基因提高转基因烟草叶片的抗冻性。
IF 1.6 Pub Date : 2001-08-01 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.65.1796
K Honjoh, H Shimizu, N Nagaishi, H Matsumoto, K Suga, T Miyamoto, M Iio, S Hatano

A cryoprotective protein, HIC6, was expressed transgenically in tobacco, a cold-sensitive plant, and the localization of the protein within the cell as well as freezing tolerance of the transgenic tobacco was investigated. For constitutive expression of HIC6 in tobacco, its corresponding gene was subcloned into pBI121. Through the transformation with pBI121/hiC6, fifteen transgenic tobacco lines were acquired, out of which twelve lines expressed the HIC6 protein. None of the transgenic tobacco lines, however, showed significant differences in freezing tolerance from the control plants (wild-type and transformed with pBI121) at -1, -3, and -4 degrees C, with the exception that their freezing temperature was -2 degrees C. In order to increase the accumulation level of HIC6, pBE2113 with a stronger promoter was used. Eight lines expressed the protein out of thirteen lines transformed with pBE2113/hiC6. The accumulation levels of the protein were clearly higher in the tobacco plants transformed with pBE2113/hiC6 than in those with pBI121/hiC6. The HIC6 protein seemed to be localized in mitochondria of the transgenic tobacco plants. Freezing-tolerance tests at -1 - -4 degrees C showed that the degree of electrolyte leakage was significantly lower in the plants with pBE2113/hiC6 than in the control plants. A leaf browning observation also showed that high accumulation of HIC6 significantly suppressed injury caused by freezing to the transgenic tobacco at -3 degrees C.

在烟草(一种对寒冷敏感的植物)中转基因表达了一种低温保护蛋白--HIC6,并研究了该蛋白在细胞内的定位以及转基因烟草的耐寒性。为了在烟草中组成型表达 HIC6,将其相应的基因亚克隆到 pBI121 中。通过转化 pBI121/hiC6,获得了 15 个转基因烟草品系,其中 12 个品系表达了 HIC6 蛋白。然而,这些转基因烟草品系与对照植株(野生型和用 pBI121 转化的植株)在-1、-3 和-4 摄氏度下的耐冻性均无明显差异,只有在-2 摄氏度下的耐冻性有明显差异。在用 pBE2113/hiC6 转化的 13 个品系中,有 8 个品系表达了该蛋白。用 pBE2113/hiC6 转化的烟草植株的蛋白积累水平明显高于用 pBI121/hiC6 转化的植株。HIC6 蛋白似乎定位于转基因烟草植株的线粒体中。-1-4摄氏度的耐冻试验表明,pBE2113/hiC6植株的电解质渗漏程度明显低于对照植株。对叶片褐变的观察也表明,HIC6 的高积累能显著抑制转基因烟草在零下 3 摄氏度时受到的冻害。
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引用次数: 23
The Effects of Positive Mood on Memory. 积极情绪对记忆的影响。
Pub Date : 1999-03-01 DOI: 10.1086/321943
Angela Y. Lee, B. Sternthal
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引用次数: 127
Progress in Botany 植物学进展
Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-80446-5
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引用次数: 1
Detection of Antigens of Powdery Mildew, Erysiphe graminis f.sp. Hordei, in Susceptible Plant Host Cells, Shortly After Inoculation and During the Early Stages of Infection 小麦白粉病抗原的检测。在易感植物寄主细胞中,接种后不久和感染初期
Pub Date : 1991-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/337907
C. van Roestel, R. Smith, W. Mckeen, A. W. Day
A polyclonal antibody directed against antigens on the surface of the germinated conidia of Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei E. M. Marchal was used to determine the presence and location of these antigens in host (barley) tissues from 4 to 96 h after inoculation. These studies were carried out using protein A-gold immunolabeling followed by quantitative analysis of labeling density in the nuclei, chloroplasts, vacuoles, and walls of the host cell. Four hours after inoculation the level of labeling detected in mesophyll cells of infected tissues (which are not penetrated by the fungus) was similar to that found in control healthy tissues. However, at 24 h and especially at 96 h after inoculation, the level of labeling in infected tissues was significantly higher than in the healthy tissues. This increase in labeling in infected tissues may be a result of synthesis of co-antigens by the plant as a response to infection, or it may indicate that fungal antigens enter the mesophyll cells very early in the infection process (4-24 h) around the time that penetration of the epidermal cell by the infection peg occurs.
一种针对禾本科erysiphhe graminis f.sp萌发分生孢子表面抗原的多克隆抗体。用hordei E. M. Marchal测定接种后4 ~ 96 h这些抗原在寄主(大麦)组织中的存在和位置。这些研究采用蛋白a -金免疫标记,然后定量分析宿主细胞细胞核、叶绿体、液泡和细胞壁中的标记密度。接种4小时后,在感染组织(未被真菌渗透)的叶肉细胞中检测到的标记水平与对照健康组织中的标记水平相似。然而,在接种后24 h,特别是96 h,感染组织中的标记水平明显高于健康组织。感染组织中标记的增加可能是植物对感染的反应合成共抗原的结果,也可能表明真菌抗原在感染过程的早期(4-24小时)进入叶肉细胞,大约在感染钉穿透表皮细胞的时候。
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引用次数: 3
Establishment of the Mistletoe Phoradendron macrophyllum: Phenology of Early Stages and Host Compatibility Studies 大叶榭寄生的建立:早期物候学及寄主相容性研究
Pub Date : 1991-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/337908
J. Lichter, A. Berry
The timing and morphological characteristics of the early stages in the establishment of Phoradendron macrophyllum (Viscaceae) on Salix laevigata were observed and quantified using clonal host material in greenhouse conditions. Observed stages were seed germination; holdfast formation; renewed greening of mistletoe tissue; swelling of the underlying host branch; aerial shoot formation; and development of the endophytic system. Aerial shoot formation was influenced by local moisture availability, but other stages in establishment were independent of water or nutrient sprays. When seeds of P. macrophyllum were placed on cuttings of Eucalyptus (a host susceptible to certain loranthaceous mistletoes, but not susceptible to Phoradendron), seed germination and hypocotyl swelling took place, but no further stages in holdfast formation occurred. A corky layer, or wound periderm, formed locally beneath the mistletoe seeds. When viscin alone from Phoradendron seeds was placed on Eucalyptus stems, wound periderm formation was also triggered.
利用无性系寄主材料,在温室条件下对大叶兰(Phoradendron macrophyllum)在柳(Salix laevigata)上建立的早期时间和形态特征进行了观察和定量。观察阶段为种子萌发;浩方的形成;槲寄生组织重新变绿;寄主下枝肿胀;航拍队形;以及内生系统的发展。空中芽的形成受当地水分有效性的影响,但其他阶段不受水或养分喷雾的影响。当将大叶木的种子放在桉枝上(桉叶寄主对某些寄生槲寄生敏感,但对Phoradendron不敏感),种子萌发和下胚轴膨胀,但没有进一步的固结形成阶段。槲寄生种子下局部形成的一层软木塞或伤口表皮当仅从Phoradendron种子中提取粘质放置在桉树茎上时,也触发了伤口周皮的形成。
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引用次数: 11
Back Matter 回到问题
Pub Date : 1991-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/botanicalgazette.152.4.2995255
H. E. M. Stry, J. Waid
PhitM;n | The l tamics f decnapbic Pattq ning in Seied Plint S becies JON4 lllAN D. SU1 R j New ii W paper "A tefr shihg nd v approach . Thistook has brigh togethek plant ecolo migra ion, evolutiqn, a .d ghyQeography i: thoug at-stimulatir g wa 7."tBiocience "A rol nded 'hum4z' bio eorapuy, which shc the ca cnplexity of e su ect, theidistinctiven of es h migratiol 1 patt >rn, andflwhich as move I much of i he un: eal FbstrAction." A -Jou >1 Biogeogra $13.9c paper, 29Qpages j
[j] [j] [j] [j] [j] [b] [b] [c] [c] [c] [c] [c] [c] [j]。这一观点将植物生态迁移、进化和地理地理学结合在一起。“生物科学”一词被称为“人类”生物科学,它体现了生物的复杂性、生物迁移的独特性、生物迁移的多样性,以及生物迁移的多样性。[j] [j] [j] [1] Biogeogra: 13.9美元论文,29页
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引用次数: 0
Ultrastructural Evidence for a Phylogenetic Linkage of the Truffle Genus Hydnobolites to the Pezizaceae (Pezizales, Ascomycetes) 松露属水合石与松露科子囊菌系亲缘关系的超微结构证据
Pub Date : 1991-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/337902
J. Kimbrough, J. Gibson
Hydnobolites cerebriformis is a widespread species of hypogeous ascomycetes found in both the United States and Europe. The ascomata are from 0.5 to 3.0 cm in diameter, with a thin cortical region surrounding clusters of globose to saccate asci arranged near veins within the medullary region. Because hymenial chambers were believed to lead to the surface of the ascomata, the genus was until recent years placed among Tuberaceae. The size, shape, and arrangement of asci and the pigmentation of ascospores, however, have led recent workers to place Hydnobolites in the Terfeziaceae. Cytological and ultrastructural features of asci, septa, and spore wall ontogeny in H. cerebriformis reveal a number of characters that link Hydnobolites to the traditional epigeous Pezizaceae. These include the presence of electron-dense, biconvex bands in septal pores of asci, dextrinoid and weak bluing reaction of asci in iodine, and a type of spore wall deposition similar to members of Pezizaceae.
脑形水合子囊菌是一种广泛分布于美国和欧洲的地下子囊菌。小囊肿直径0.5 ~ 3.0 cm,在髓质区域内靠近静脉排列的球状囊状小囊周围有一薄皮层区。由于膜室被认为是通向子囊表面的,所以直到最近几年该属才被归入tuber科。然而,根据子囊孢子的大小、形状和排列以及子囊孢子的色素沉着,最近的研究人员将水螅虫归入铁费兹科。脑形拟南芥的子囊、隔和孢子壁发育的细胞学和超微结构特征揭示了水螅虫与传统附生枇杷科植物之间的一些联系。这些特征包括:子囊的隔孔中存在电子密集的双凸带,子囊在碘中的糊精和弱蓝化反应,以及类似于枇杷科成员的孢子壁沉积。
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引用次数: 21
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Botanical Gazette
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