Israel journal of psychiatry最新文献

Background: The Dresdner Körperbildfragebogen (DKB- 35) is a positive and comprehensive measure of the relationship with the body. Written and used in German the original has good psychometric qualities. The goal of the current study was to translate it into Hebrew and then test its psychometric qualities.

Method: 292 adult community volunteers self-reported online on the DKB-35 as well as on the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Eat-26. The data were exported into and analyzed in SPSS 21.0.

Results: Structural validity, reliability and convergent and divergent validity of the Hebrew DKB-35 was demonstrated. All five original sub-scales: Body- Acceptance, Vitality, Body-Narcissism, Physical-Contact, and Sexual-Fulfillment were recovered.

Conclusions: The DKB-35 in Hebrew can be used in the context of mental health and the process of recovery from eating disorders. Address.

Background: Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) is the active compound of Cannabis sativa with appetitestimulating properties. This study evaluated the effect of low doses of oral Δ9-THC on self-reported symptoms of patients suffering from chronic anorexia nervosa (AN).

Methods: Nine female subjects over 18 years of age participated in the study. Six were diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria with AN restrictive type and three with active AN binge-purge type. Their mean age was 45.0±3.2 years and their BMI was 16.1±1.6 kg/M2. They completed questionnaires before and after treatment with Δ9-THC (1 mg/day for one week and 2 mg/day for three weeks). The primary outcome was improvement in the way patients perceived their eating behavior.

Results: Significant improvements were found in selfreported body care, sense of ineffectiveness, asceticism and depression. There were no significant changes in BMI.

Conclusions: Δ9-THC may be an effective component in treating the psychological symptoms of AN.

Background: We examined problem-solving strategies in anorexia nervosa-restricting (AN-R) type and in normal weight binge/purge (B/P) eating disorders (EDs).

Method: Twenty-four inpatients with AN-R and 22 with B/P EDs were assessed within two weeks of admission and two weeks from discharge for problem-solving, ineffectiveness, ED symptomatology, depression and anxiety; 32 controls were similarly assessed once.

Results: While we found less adaptive problem-solving strategies in patients with B/P EDs vs. controls at baseline, no such difference emerged for patients with AN-R. An improvement from admission to discharge in problem solving, depression and trait-anxiety was found for the B/P but not the AN-R group.

Conclusions: Patients with AN-R and B/P EDs show different profiles of problem-solving strategies both in the acute stage of their illness and following symptomatic stabilization.

Introduction: The Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire 2 (VMIQ-2) assesses individuals' ability to imagine themselves performing 12 simple motor tasks, from three perspectives: internal visual imagery, external visual imagery and kinesthetic imagery. The purpose of the current study was twofold: (a) to describe the translation process of the VMIQ-2 into a Hebrew version, and (b) to test the reliability of the Hebrew version.

Method: Eighty-eight physical education students completed the questionnaire twice (test, re-test), with two weeks in-between the tests.

Results: Correlational analyses on the scores of the questionnaires given in the two phases - test and re-test - yielded two main findings: (a) there were no differences in mean scores of the questionnaires administered in the test phase and re-test phase; (b) significant moderate correlations between the questionnaires' score in the test and re-test phases were observed.

Conclusions: The Hebrew version of the VMIQ-2 was found to be reliable. A number of implications are discussed concerning the use of the questionnaire in the fields of psychiatry and psychology. Address.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships between two coping factors which facilitate adoptive adjustment when facing stressful situations. We have examined links between sense of coherence (SOC) and the concept of hope as well as its wish and expectation components and its collective and individual dimensions. We have studied three cultural groups in Israel: secular Jews, religious Jews and Bedouin Arabs.

Method: Data were collected during two military operations (Pillar of Clouds and Protective Edge) from 385 adolescents aged 12-18; 76 secular Jews, 110 religious Jews and 199 Bedouin Arabs. Adolescents filled out selfreported questionnaires which were comprised of items determining demographics, sense of coherence and hope.

Results: Results show that while religious Jews reported the strongest SOC, Bedouin Arabs reported the strongest hope. As for the links, major differences were revealed between the Jewish groups and the Bedouin Arab group. In both Jewish groups significant correlations were found between the expectation component and/or the global hope and SOC; however, no links were found between the global hope or its components or dimensions and SOC among the Bedouin Arab group.

Conclusion: Overall, in spite of some overlap between these concepts in the Jewish groups it seems that SOC and hope have their own unique characteristics and, thus, stand as separate resources when facing stress situation. The discussion highlights cultural differences and similarities among these groups with regard to the main concepts of this article. Finally, some psychoeducational suggestions are offered, focusing on cultural sensitivity.

Introduction: This study sought to explore the differences in primary addictive substances used among individuals referred to an ambulatory hospital-based addiction service in Israel according to sex, age and source of referral.

Method: Data were drawn from all referral forms received during a two-year period (N=140). Categories of primary addictive substances included alcohol, drugs (cannabis, synthetic cannabinoids, illicit stimulants and heroin) and medications (prescription opioids, prescription stimulants and benzodiazepines). Sources of referral included physicians, non-medical health professionals and self-referral.

Results: Among individuals referred to treatment, the most frequent categories of addictive substances were drugs (39%), followed by medications (38%) and alcohol (23%). Among those referred by a physician, the most common category of addictive substances was medications (45%), whereas among those referred by non-medical health professionals the most common category was drugs (61%). Significant (p<0.05) sex differences were found in primary addictive substances: men most commonly reported using drugs while women most commonly reported using medications. Individuals seeking treatment for drug use disorders were significantly younger (mean age = 34.3±12.4) than those seeking treatment for alcohol or prescription-medication use disorders (41.2±13.4 and 43.6±13.5, respectively).

Conclusions: Age, sex and source of referral should be taken into consideration when screening for primary addictive substances.