Daniela Patino-Hernandez, Daniel G Fernández-Ávila, Óscar Mauricio Muñoz-Velandia, Isabel Del Socorro Moreno Luna
Background: The Delphi technique is a consensus method aiming to obtain statistical estimations from a qualitative approach, through an iterative process that leads to consensus within experts. The main characteristics of the technique include iteration, anonymity, feedback, and consensus reaching. When high-quality, quantitative evidence on a particular topic is insufficient, the Delphi technique can be used for making decisions in clinical scenarios. However, the quality of studies on breast cancer conducted with this technique, has not been assessed.
Objective: We aim to evaluate the quality of studies on breast cancer which used the Delphi technique as their method.
Methods: A quality assessment tool (Quali-D) was created through consensus among experts on the Delphi technique. Then, the tool was applied to studies on breast cancer which used the Delphi technique as their method.
Results: Studies conducted through the Delphi technique mainly assessed for quality indicators and expressed needs in patients with breast cancer. High-quality characteristics were reported in 63.89% of the studies. 98.61% used the Delphi technique due to lack of a more adequate method to solve their research question. 98.61% summarized and presented results in a clear way. In 91.67% of the studies, at least two rounds were conducted. 86.11% described the methods for expert selection in a complete manner. Only 54.17% of the studies reported an anonymous process and 4.17% of the studies disclosed conflicts of interest thoroughly.
Conclusions: A variety of topics were assessed through the Delphi technique in cases where no other technique would have been more appropriate for assessing these issues. Significant limitations are present in terms of anonymity and full disclosure of conflicts of interest. We found that the quality of studies conducted with the Delphi technique regarding breast cancer is overall good. However, the limitations of each study must be considered when applying their results to clinical practice.
{"title":"Quality assessment of breast cancer studies conducted with the Delphi technique.","authors":"Daniela Patino-Hernandez, Daniel G Fernández-Ávila, Óscar Mauricio Muñoz-Velandia, Isabel Del Socorro Moreno Luna","doi":"10.3233/BD-220079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BD-220079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Delphi technique is a consensus method aiming to obtain statistical estimations from a qualitative approach, through an iterative process that leads to consensus within experts. The main characteristics of the technique include iteration, anonymity, feedback, and consensus reaching. When high-quality, quantitative evidence on a particular topic is insufficient, the Delphi technique can be used for making decisions in clinical scenarios. However, the quality of studies on breast cancer conducted with this technique, has not been assessed.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aim to evaluate the quality of studies on breast cancer which used the Delphi technique as their method.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quality assessment tool (Quali-D) was created through consensus among experts on the Delphi technique. Then, the tool was applied to studies on breast cancer which used the Delphi technique as their method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Studies conducted through the Delphi technique mainly assessed for quality indicators and expressed needs in patients with breast cancer. High-quality characteristics were reported in 63.89% of the studies. 98.61% used the Delphi technique due to lack of a more adequate method to solve their research question. 98.61% summarized and presented results in a clear way. In 91.67% of the studies, at least two rounds were conducted. 86.11% described the methods for expert selection in a complete manner. Only 54.17% of the studies reported an anonymous process and 4.17% of the studies disclosed conflicts of interest thoroughly.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A variety of topics were assessed through the Delphi technique in cases where no other technique would have been more appropriate for assessing these issues. Significant limitations are present in terms of anonymity and full disclosure of conflicts of interest. We found that the quality of studies conducted with the Delphi technique regarding breast cancer is overall good. However, the limitations of each study must be considered when applying their results to clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":9224,"journal":{"name":"Breast disease","volume":"42 1","pages":"155-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9431297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
René Aloisio da Costa Vieira, An Wan Ching, Idam de Oliveira-Junior
Thoracoabdominal (TA) flaps are a good option for primary closure of small and medium defects after mastectomy for locally advanced breast tumours. Although they have a higher rate of necrosis than myocutaneous flaps, they can be easily performed by breast surgeons. Few studies on this procedure have been reported, and we have been unable to identify any prior publications reporting breast reconstruction with TA flaps.
{"title":"Breast reconstruction for locally advanced breast cancer previously submitted to mastectomy and an ipsilateral thoracoabdominal dermofat (ITADE) flap.","authors":"René Aloisio da Costa Vieira, An Wan Ching, Idam de Oliveira-Junior","doi":"10.3233/BD-220057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BD-220057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thoracoabdominal (TA) flaps are a good option for primary closure of small and medium defects after mastectomy for locally advanced breast tumours. Although they have a higher rate of necrosis than myocutaneous flaps, they can be easily performed by breast surgeons. Few studies on this procedure have been reported, and we have been unable to identify any prior publications reporting breast reconstruction with TA flaps.</p>","PeriodicalId":9224,"journal":{"name":"Breast disease","volume":"42 1","pages":"229-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9907779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer in women, with increasing incidence and death rates in recent years. Disruptions of different signaling pathways partially cause breast cancer. Hence, different genes through particular pathways are involved in BC tumorigenesis.
Methods: In this study, we evaluated the expression level of GLIS2 and CCND1 genes in 50 patients. Also, in-silico analyses were used to enrich related signaling pathways involving the mentioned genes.
Results: The results showed an increased expression level of Cyclin D1 and decreased expression level of GLIS2 in BC patients. Moreover, a relationship between aberrant expression levels of GLIS2 and CCND1 and BC development was determined.
Conclusion: These observations could help uncover new therapeutic targets for treating patients with BC in the progressive stage.
{"title":"GLIS2 and CCND1 expression levels in breast cancer patients.","authors":"Minoosh Sadeghi, Majid Gholizadeh, Neda Safataj, Mahsa Tahmasebivand, Gholamreza Mohajeri, Hajie Lotfi, Saber Yari Bostanabad, Behnaz Safar, Mansoor Salehi","doi":"10.3233/BD-220068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BD-220068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer in women, with increasing incidence and death rates in recent years. Disruptions of different signaling pathways partially cause breast cancer. Hence, different genes through particular pathways are involved in BC tumorigenesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we evaluated the expression level of GLIS2 and CCND1 genes in 50 patients. Also, in-silico analyses were used to enrich related signaling pathways involving the mentioned genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed an increased expression level of Cyclin D1 and decreased expression level of GLIS2 in BC patients. Moreover, a relationship between aberrant expression levels of GLIS2 and CCND1 and BC development was determined.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These observations could help uncover new therapeutic targets for treating patients with BC in the progressive stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":9224,"journal":{"name":"Breast disease","volume":"42 1","pages":"251-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10024946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chieng Bing Wong, Aklimah Mustapa, Siti Nur Idayu Matusin, Muhammad Syafiq Abdullah, Andi Nilawati Usman, Mas Rina Wati Haji Abdul Hamid
Objective: To investigate the associations between breast cancer staging and body mass index (BMI), menopausal status, and family history of breast cancer, as well as to assess the expression of tumor markers in women with breast cancer in Brunei Darussalam.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out at The Brunei Cancer Centre. Cases of women with breast cancer between 2000 and 2013 were retrieved from the medical records section and entered into a clinical proforma. These were reviewed and analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.
Results: Overall, the mean age at diagnosis was 53.6 years ± 9.83. The postmenopausal women had a significantly higher risk of being diagnosed with late-onset breast cancer than premenopausal women (P = 0.022). The expressions of PR (P = 0.034), Her2 (P = 0.046), and CatD (P = 0.004) were significantly different in breast cancer staging. Other factors did not have a statistically-significant association with breast cancer staging.
Conclusion: While most of the factors studied were not significantly different in breast cancer staging, our findings showed that it is recommended that high-risk women perform regular breast screening after the age of 40 years old. A future study highly appreciates comparing breast cancer risk factors among the Bruneian and Western populations.
{"title":"Study of risk factors and marker status in women with breast cancer in Brunei Darussalam.","authors":"Chieng Bing Wong, Aklimah Mustapa, Siti Nur Idayu Matusin, Muhammad Syafiq Abdullah, Andi Nilawati Usman, Mas Rina Wati Haji Abdul Hamid","doi":"10.3233/BD-239001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BD-239001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the associations between breast cancer staging and body mass index (BMI), menopausal status, and family history of breast cancer, as well as to assess the expression of tumor markers in women with breast cancer in Brunei Darussalam.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out at The Brunei Cancer Centre. Cases of women with breast cancer between 2000 and 2013 were retrieved from the medical records section and entered into a clinical proforma. These were reviewed and analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the mean age at diagnosis was 53.6 years ± 9.83. The postmenopausal women had a significantly higher risk of being diagnosed with late-onset breast cancer than premenopausal women (P = 0.022). The expressions of PR (P = 0.034), Her2 (P = 0.046), and CatD (P = 0.004) were significantly different in breast cancer staging. Other factors did not have a statistically-significant association with breast cancer staging.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While most of the factors studied were not significantly different in breast cancer staging, our findings showed that it is recommended that high-risk women perform regular breast screening after the age of 40 years old. A future study highly appreciates comparing breast cancer risk factors among the Bruneian and Western populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9224,"journal":{"name":"Breast disease","volume":"42 1","pages":"183-189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10060047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhiyan Yan, Joanne Ngeow, John Allen, Geok Hoon Lim
Introduction: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in young women is rare and not well studied. Since they do not qualify for mammographic screening, they are more likely to present with symptoms. Young women have also been associated with poorer outcomes, but it is unknown whether presentation mode affects outcome. We aimed to compare characteristics of DCIS patients <40 years of age presenting with symptoms versus those without, and determine whether presentation mode affects recurrence.
Methods: Pure DCIS patients aged <40 years were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical presentation, pathology and recurrence data were collected. Statistical analysis was performed to investigate the correlation of presentation mode with outcomes.
Results: 40 patients with 41 cases were included. The mean age at diagnosis was 32.3 years (range 17-39). 73.2% and 26.8% presented with symptoms or abnormal imaging respectively. Of the cases who presented with symptoms, 86.7%, 10.0% and 3.3% had palpable lump, nipple discharge or breast pain, respectively. The average tumor size was 22.0 mm (range 2.0-86.9) and 12.2 mm (range 3-25) for patients who presented with symptoms and non-symptomatic group, respectively. Cases presenting with symptoms were statistically associated with higher grade (p = 0.0090). On median follow-up of 85 months, there were 3 (7.3%) recurrences, which were not statistically associated with presentation mode.
Conclusion: Young women with DCIS tend to present with symptoms, with breast lump as the commonest symptom. Symptomatic patients tend to be associated with grade III tumours, compared to non-symptomatic patients. On long-term follow-up, mode of presentation was not statistically associated with recurrence.
{"title":"Clinical presentations and outcomes of young women aged <40 yrs with Ductal carcinoma in situ.","authors":"Zhiyan Yan, Joanne Ngeow, John Allen, Geok Hoon Lim","doi":"10.3233/BD-230018","DOIUrl":"10.3233/BD-230018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in young women is rare and not well studied. Since they do not qualify for mammographic screening, they are more likely to present with symptoms. Young women have also been associated with poorer outcomes, but it is unknown whether presentation mode affects outcome. We aimed to compare characteristics of DCIS patients <40 years of age presenting with symptoms versus those without, and determine whether presentation mode affects recurrence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pure DCIS patients aged <40 years were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical presentation, pathology and recurrence data were collected. Statistical analysis was performed to investigate the correlation of presentation mode with outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>40 patients with 41 cases were included. The mean age at diagnosis was 32.3 years (range 17-39). 73.2% and 26.8% presented with symptoms or abnormal imaging respectively. Of the cases who presented with symptoms, 86.7%, 10.0% and 3.3% had palpable lump, nipple discharge or breast pain, respectively. The average tumor size was 22.0 mm (range 2.0-86.9) and 12.2 mm (range 3-25) for patients who presented with symptoms and non-symptomatic group, respectively. Cases presenting with symptoms were statistically associated with higher grade (p = 0.0090). On median follow-up of 85 months, there were 3 (7.3%) recurrences, which were not statistically associated with presentation mode.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Young women with DCIS tend to present with symptoms, with breast lump as the commonest symptom. Symptomatic patients tend to be associated with grade III tumours, compared to non-symptomatic patients. On long-term follow-up, mode of presentation was not statistically associated with recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":9224,"journal":{"name":"Breast disease","volume":"42 1","pages":"299-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41092631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oumeima Khaldi, Montassar Ghalleb, Amani Jallali, Insaf Fenniche, Mehdi Somai, Fatma Daoud, Fatma Boussema, Salma Kammoun, Khadija Hamza, Med Ali Ayadi, Tarek Dhieb
Background: Amyloidosis is an uncommon disorder characterized by the extracellular deposition of amorphous and insoluble proteins in an abnormal fibrillary configuration. Mammary amyloidosis is an unusual and easily overlooked diagnosis with an ambivalent presentation that could mimic breast cancer.
Case report: We here report the case of 60-year-old Caucasian woman who presented to our surgical oncology department for clinically and radiologically suspicious breast mass. A fine needle biopsy was irrelevant, so we performed a lumpectomy. Final histology revealed an amyloid deposit and further workup was consistent with nodular cutaneous and breast AL amyloidosis associated with Sjögren's syndrome.
Conclusion: Although rare, an awareness of the clinicopathologic characteristics of this easily overlooked entity is of great importance for breast surgeons.
{"title":"Breast amyloidosis associated with Sjögren syndrome: A diagnostic pitfall in breast pathology.","authors":"Oumeima Khaldi, Montassar Ghalleb, Amani Jallali, Insaf Fenniche, Mehdi Somai, Fatma Daoud, Fatma Boussema, Salma Kammoun, Khadija Hamza, Med Ali Ayadi, Tarek Dhieb","doi":"10.3233/BD-230006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BD-230006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Amyloidosis is an uncommon disorder characterized by the extracellular deposition of amorphous and insoluble proteins in an abnormal fibrillary configuration. Mammary amyloidosis is an unusual and easily overlooked diagnosis with an ambivalent presentation that could mimic breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We here report the case of 60-year-old Caucasian woman who presented to our surgical oncology department for clinically and radiologically suspicious breast mass. A fine needle biopsy was irrelevant, so we performed a lumpectomy. Final histology revealed an amyloid deposit and further workup was consistent with nodular cutaneous and breast AL amyloidosis associated with Sjögren's syndrome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although rare, an awareness of the clinicopathologic characteristics of this easily overlooked entity is of great importance for breast surgeons.</p>","PeriodicalId":9224,"journal":{"name":"Breast disease","volume":"42 1","pages":"401-405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138794598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Awaluddin Awaluddin, John Pieter, Elridho Sampepajung, Salman Ardi Syamsu, Nilam Smaradhania, Firdaus Hamid, Prihantono Prihantono, Sachraswaty R Laidding, Muhammad Ihwan Kusuma, Muhammad Faruk
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the second most frequent cancer-related death among women worldwide. Factors influencing BC patients' survival include histopathological grade, histopathological type, stage, hormonal receptors, and number of mitotic images.
Objective: To compare the tumor size, histopathological grade, and molecular type of BC patients.
Methods: This was an observational analytic retrospective study. The population was BC patients at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital from 2017 to 2021. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare statistically between tumor size, histopathological grade, and molecular subtype. Significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results: The study included 784 patients. Most were aged 50-59 years (34.8%), with tumor size 4c (37.0%) and moderate grade (66.1%), and the most common molecular subtype was luminal A (34.2%). Bivariate analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis test found no significant difference in molecular subtypes based on tumor size (p = 0.079), but significant differences existed in molecular subtype by histopathological grade (p = 0.005) and tumor size by histopathological grade (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Significant differences existed between histopathological grade by tumor size and molecular subtype. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of BC patients are important to prevent morbidity and mortality.
{"title":"Comparison of tumor size, histopathological grade, and molecular subtype of breast cancer at a single center study.","authors":"Awaluddin Awaluddin, John Pieter, Elridho Sampepajung, Salman Ardi Syamsu, Nilam Smaradhania, Firdaus Hamid, Prihantono Prihantono, Sachraswaty R Laidding, Muhammad Ihwan Kusuma, Muhammad Faruk","doi":"10.3233/BD-239000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BD-239000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer (BC) is the second most frequent cancer-related death among women worldwide. Factors influencing BC patients' survival include histopathological grade, histopathological type, stage, hormonal receptors, and number of mitotic images.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the tumor size, histopathological grade, and molecular type of BC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was an observational analytic retrospective study. The population was BC patients at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital from 2017 to 2021. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare statistically between tumor size, histopathological grade, and molecular subtype. Significance was set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 784 patients. Most were aged 50-59 years (34.8%), with tumor size 4c (37.0%) and moderate grade (66.1%), and the most common molecular subtype was luminal A (34.2%). Bivariate analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis test found no significant difference in molecular subtypes based on tumor size (p = 0.079), but significant differences existed in molecular subtype by histopathological grade (p = 0.005) and tumor size by histopathological grade (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Significant differences existed between histopathological grade by tumor size and molecular subtype. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of BC patients are important to prevent morbidity and mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":9224,"journal":{"name":"Breast disease","volume":"42 1","pages":"191-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10167184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrea Villasco, Carola Minella, Valentina Elisabetta Bounous, Roberta Rosso, Nicoletta Biglia
Estrogen-receptor positive tumours represent the majority of breast cancers in postmenopausal women. Adjuvant endocrine therapy with aromatase inhibitors (AIs), continued for up to 10 years in high-risk patients, reduces by 40% the risk of recurrence. However, this therapy, among other side effects, is burdened with a higher incidence of osteoporotic bone fractures. To date, both bisphosphonates and denosumab are recognized as first-line drugs in the primary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in patients treated with AIs. They have demonstrated their effectiveness in increasing bone mineral density and in reducing the incidence of fractures, but they have also been shown to improve disease free survival (DFS).
{"title":"Bone modifying agents in postmenopausal breast cancer patients treated with aromatase inhibitors: beyond bone protection?","authors":"Andrea Villasco, Carola Minella, Valentina Elisabetta Bounous, Roberta Rosso, Nicoletta Biglia","doi":"10.3233/BD-220014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BD-220014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Estrogen-receptor positive tumours represent the majority of breast cancers in postmenopausal women. Adjuvant endocrine therapy with aromatase inhibitors (AIs), continued for up to 10 years in high-risk patients, reduces by 40% the risk of recurrence. However, this therapy, among other side effects, is burdened with a higher incidence of osteoporotic bone fractures. To date, both bisphosphonates and denosumab are recognized as first-line drugs in the primary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in patients treated with AIs. They have demonstrated their effectiveness in increasing bone mineral density and in reducing the incidence of fractures, but they have also been shown to improve disease free survival (DFS).</p>","PeriodicalId":9224,"journal":{"name":"Breast disease","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10753077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I M Brouwer de Koning, H C van Heusden, S J J Mol, M L Rots, W A Draaisma, K Bosscha
Background: Fibroadenomas are the most common benign breast lesions in women. They present as a unilateral mass and can rapidly enlarge in size through hormonal changes. Fibroadenomas could be classified as small or giant, and as simple or complex. They are classified as 'giant' when the size exceeds 5 cm and/or weight 500 gram; and as 'complex' if one of the following characteristics is present: cysts with a size >3 mm, epithelial calcifications, sclerosing adenosis and papillary apocrine metaplasia. Giant fibroadenomas can cause compression of surrounding breast tissue or breast asymmetry, requiring surgical excision in order to preserve a normal breast shape.
Case: A 26-year-old pregnant woman was referred with a palpable mass of her right breast. The mass rapidly increased in size to a diameter of 13 cm during the second trimester of her pregnancy. A tru-cut biopsy confirmed a fibroadenoma. The rapid growth and compression of normal breast tissues indicated a lumpectomy during her pregnancy. The mass was easily excised without any consequences for the pregnancy. Pathological examination showed a complex giant fibroadenoma.
Conclusion: A unique case of a pregnant woman with rapid progression of a fibroadenoma that met the criteria of a complex and giant fibroadenoma, was presented. This case emphasizes the importance of timely surgical intervention, even during pregnancy, to prevent permanent breast tissue damage.
{"title":"A rapidly growing fibroadenoma in a pregnant woman: A case report.","authors":"I M Brouwer de Koning, H C van Heusden, S J J Mol, M L Rots, W A Draaisma, K Bosscha","doi":"10.3233/BD-230030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BD-230030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fibroadenomas are the most common benign breast lesions in women. They present as a unilateral mass and can rapidly enlarge in size through hormonal changes. Fibroadenomas could be classified as small or giant, and as simple or complex. They are classified as 'giant' when the size exceeds 5 cm and/or weight 500 gram; and as 'complex' if one of the following characteristics is present: cysts with a size >3 mm, epithelial calcifications, sclerosing adenosis and papillary apocrine metaplasia. Giant fibroadenomas can cause compression of surrounding breast tissue or breast asymmetry, requiring surgical excision in order to preserve a normal breast shape.</p><p><strong>Case: </strong>A 26-year-old pregnant woman was referred with a palpable mass of her right breast. The mass rapidly increased in size to a diameter of 13 cm during the second trimester of her pregnancy. A tru-cut biopsy confirmed a fibroadenoma. The rapid growth and compression of normal breast tissues indicated a lumpectomy during her pregnancy. The mass was easily excised without any consequences for the pregnancy. Pathological examination showed a complex giant fibroadenoma.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A unique case of a pregnant woman with rapid progression of a fibroadenoma that met the criteria of a complex and giant fibroadenoma, was presented. This case emphasizes the importance of timely surgical intervention, even during pregnancy, to prevent permanent breast tissue damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":9224,"journal":{"name":"Breast disease","volume":"42 1","pages":"325-330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71410634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ER-/PR+ is a controversial subtype and is not formally recognised as molecular subtype of breast carcinoma. Few studies concluded that this subtype does not exist and is due to technical errors, however, in contrast others consider it to be distinct entity with different response to therapy and clinical outcome. It is also essential to know whether this subtype shows any distinct histomorphological features or prognosis.Therefore, the present two cases of controversial subtype ER-/PR+ breast cancer is being reported with both the cases showing neuroendocrinal differentiation.
{"title":"A controversial ER negative PR positive molecular subtype of breast carcinoma-Report of two cases.","authors":"Smita Chandra, Sanya Bhasin, Sunil Saini","doi":"10.3233/BD-230039","DOIUrl":"10.3233/BD-230039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ER-/PR+ is a controversial subtype and is not formally recognised as molecular subtype of breast carcinoma. Few studies concluded that this subtype does not exist and is due to technical errors, however, in contrast others consider it to be distinct entity with different response to therapy and clinical outcome. It is also essential to know whether this subtype shows any distinct histomorphological features or prognosis.Therefore, the present two cases of controversial subtype ER-/PR+ breast cancer is being reported with both the cases showing neuroendocrinal differentiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9224,"journal":{"name":"Breast disease","volume":"42 1","pages":"315-318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41100241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}