Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.29011/2577-0616.000133
A. Preuss
Since decades cancer therapy has made slow but continuous strides in fighting primary tumors, but progress in the suppression of metastasis remains elusive. The spread of cancer to distant locations in the body is the major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality, and accounts for about 90% of cancer deaths. Although cancer survival rate has been significantly improved over the years, the improvement is primarily due to early diagnosis and cancer growth inhibition (Guan X, 2015) [1].
{"title":"Cancer Cells Shed Micro-Vesicles from Actin Stress Fibres - a New Cooperative Mechanism for Metastasis?","authors":"A. Preuss","doi":"10.29011/2577-0616.000133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-0616.000133","url":null,"abstract":"Since decades cancer therapy has made slow but continuous strides in fighting primary tumors, but progress in the suppression of metastasis remains elusive. The spread of cancer to distant locations in the body is the major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality, and accounts for about 90% of cancer deaths. Although cancer survival rate has been significantly improved over the years, the improvement is primarily due to early diagnosis and cancer growth inhibition (Guan X, 2015) [1].","PeriodicalId":92381,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genomics and data mining","volume":"26 22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69471184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-12DOI: 10.29011/2577-0616.000127
I. Martins
Brain stimulation therapies for the treatment of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases [1] have become of major interest to various global communities. Neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases associated with insulin resistance are expected to affect millions of people by the year 2050 [2,3]. The treatment by brain stimulation therapies in the early stages of neuropsychiatric conditions may allow stabilization or reversal of various conditions such as depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, behavioural, cognition and memory disorders. Brain stimulation therapies include Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT), Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS), Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Brain stimulation therapies such as ECT should be reassessed with relevance to dose and frequency for the treatment of psychiatric and behavioral disorders. The major concern with ECT is associated with excessive heat generation and inactivation of genes required for neuron survival [4]. In diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases drug therapy may not be effective for depression and schizophrenia with unsuccessful anti-depressant or anti-psychotic drug treatment. Brain stimulation therapies such as ECT, VNS, DBS, tDCS and rTMS that use direct electrical currents to stimulate specific parts of the brain may be therapeutic when drug treatment is ineffective. However, brain treatment by these different stimulation therapies need to be compared with relevance to excessive heat generation with compete heat shock gene inactivation that leads to accelerated neuron death [5]. In man the heat shock gene Sirtuin 1 is essential to maintain mitochondrial function and its inactivation is associated with neuron mitophagy [4,5].
{"title":"Brain Stimulation Therapies in Neuropsychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases","authors":"I. Martins","doi":"10.29011/2577-0616.000127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-0616.000127","url":null,"abstract":"Brain stimulation therapies for the treatment of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases [1] have become of major interest to various global communities. Neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases associated with insulin resistance are expected to affect millions of people by the year 2050 [2,3]. The treatment by brain stimulation therapies in the early stages of neuropsychiatric conditions may allow stabilization or reversal of various conditions such as depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, behavioural, cognition and memory disorders. Brain stimulation therapies include Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT), Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS), Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Brain stimulation therapies such as ECT should be reassessed with relevance to dose and frequency for the treatment of psychiatric and behavioral disorders. The major concern with ECT is associated with excessive heat generation and inactivation of genes required for neuron survival [4]. In diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases drug therapy may not be effective for depression and schizophrenia with unsuccessful anti-depressant or anti-psychotic drug treatment. Brain stimulation therapies such as ECT, VNS, DBS, tDCS and rTMS that use direct electrical currents to stimulate specific parts of the brain may be therapeutic when drug treatment is ineffective. However, brain treatment by these different stimulation therapies need to be compared with relevance to excessive heat generation with compete heat shock gene inactivation that leads to accelerated neuron death [5]. In man the heat shock gene Sirtuin 1 is essential to maintain mitochondrial function and its inactivation is associated with neuron mitophagy [4,5].","PeriodicalId":92381,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genomics and data mining","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47267159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-05DOI: 10.29011/2577-0616.000126
T. Khan, R. A. Laskar, B. Debnath
Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is one of the earliest domesticated cool season annual legume crop produced worldwide, mainly in temperate regions. In common with other grain legumes, pea plays an important role in food and nutritional security of humans as well as livestock. Pea is an annual plant which exhibits mainly self-pollination, although cross pollination through insects also occurs in nature. The improvement of pea through plant breeding requires considerable genetic variations in the key quantitative traits and the expression of those polygenic traits also depends on the environmental interactions. Therefore, UV irradiations have been employed in the present study to assess the genotypic sensitivity of the pea cultivar for possible application in mutation breeding of pea. Seed germination and seedling growth at different duration of exposures were calculated for estimating the effect of UV irradiations stress on pea. The findings of the present study conclude that the UV irradiation can be useful as non-ionizing physical mutagen for induction of selectable macromutations in local pea cultivars and the exposure to the increasing UV stress in the nature will be detrimental for the crop productions. Introduction Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is generally considered to have originated in the Near East region and domesticated as early as 7000-6000 BC [1]. In India, it is grown in an area of 1.10 million ha with an annual production of 1.02 million tones and average productivity of 927.2 kg/ha. The major producers are Canada, China, India, Russian Federation, the USA, and France. Dry pea seeds are rich in protein (18-33%), starch (35-50%) and digestible nutrient content and low in fibre (4-7%), which make it an excellent livestock feed also. Most of the pea growing area in developing countries, including India, is occupied by traditional varieties, with narrow genetic base, which suffers from some abiotic and biotic constraints like late maturity, lodging, susceptibility to rust etc. Genetic bottleneck, mostly in Indian cultivars, accumulated due to traditional breeding methods over the years, is one of the major constraints commonly limiting the breeder’s efforts. The availability as well as accessibility to the genetic variation within the genepool of a crop species is the prerequisite for initiating an improvement programmed. Induce mutagenesis has proved to be a powerful complimentary breeding tool for creating new genetic blend within a short period of time without disturbing overall genetic architecture of the crop. Thus, it allows the plant breeders to screen and select desirable combination of expressed economic traits for further introgression into the proper breeding stock. UV radiation, first described by Johann Wilhelm Ritter in 1801, is light energy emitted between the wavelengths of 100 and 400 nm, i.e. between the electromagnetic spectra of X-ray and visible light. UV radiation, in comparison γand X-rays, is of relatively low energy and is no
图1：紫外线照射剂量对豌豆种子发芽和幼苗生长的比较影响
{"title":"Studies on the Effects of Ultraviolet Irradiation on Pea (Pisum sativum L.)","authors":"T. Khan, R. A. Laskar, B. Debnath","doi":"10.29011/2577-0616.000126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-0616.000126","url":null,"abstract":"Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is one of the earliest domesticated cool season annual legume crop produced worldwide, mainly in temperate regions. In common with other grain legumes, pea plays an important role in food and nutritional security of humans as well as livestock. Pea is an annual plant which exhibits mainly self-pollination, although cross pollination through insects also occurs in nature. The improvement of pea through plant breeding requires considerable genetic variations in the key quantitative traits and the expression of those polygenic traits also depends on the environmental interactions. Therefore, UV irradiations have been employed in the present study to assess the genotypic sensitivity of the pea cultivar for possible application in mutation breeding of pea. Seed germination and seedling growth at different duration of exposures were calculated for estimating the effect of UV irradiations stress on pea. The findings of the present study conclude that the UV irradiation can be useful as non-ionizing physical mutagen for induction of selectable macromutations in local pea cultivars and the exposure to the increasing UV stress in the nature will be detrimental for the crop productions. Introduction Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is generally considered to have originated in the Near East region and domesticated as early as 7000-6000 BC [1]. In India, it is grown in an area of 1.10 million ha with an annual production of 1.02 million tones and average productivity of 927.2 kg/ha. The major producers are Canada, China, India, Russian Federation, the USA, and France. Dry pea seeds are rich in protein (18-33%), starch (35-50%) and digestible nutrient content and low in fibre (4-7%), which make it an excellent livestock feed also. Most of the pea growing area in developing countries, including India, is occupied by traditional varieties, with narrow genetic base, which suffers from some abiotic and biotic constraints like late maturity, lodging, susceptibility to rust etc. Genetic bottleneck, mostly in Indian cultivars, accumulated due to traditional breeding methods over the years, is one of the major constraints commonly limiting the breeder’s efforts. The availability as well as accessibility to the genetic variation within the genepool of a crop species is the prerequisite for initiating an improvement programmed. Induce mutagenesis has proved to be a powerful complimentary breeding tool for creating new genetic blend within a short period of time without disturbing overall genetic architecture of the crop. Thus, it allows the plant breeders to screen and select desirable combination of expressed economic traits for further introgression into the proper breeding stock. UV radiation, first described by Johann Wilhelm Ritter in 1801, is light energy emitted between the wavelengths of 100 and 400 nm, i.e. between the electromagnetic spectra of X-ray and visible light. UV radiation, in comparison γand X-rays, is of relatively low energy and is no","PeriodicalId":92381,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genomics and data mining","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41474828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-02DOI: 10.29011/2577-0616.000125
N. Srivastava, P. Srivastava
Neurodegenerative diseases are irredeemable and incapacitating conditions that result in progressive degeneration. It is difficult to define the complexity of neuro-system quantitatively or meaningfully from a system standpoint. Thus, inclined towards the progress in developing new and effective therapeutic intervention, it is important to understand the underlying molecular mechanism and significance of neuro system and their complex molecular interaction. A biomarker discovery is an important need for early disease diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of new therapy for neurological disorders. The emergence of system biology and network-based computational model approaches provides the underlying molecular mechanism and significance of disease and their complex molecular interaction. Thus, it becomes quite easy to understand the specific nature of neuro system as well as it plays a significant role in integrating the omics data at multiple levels that lead to key success in the development of more accurate and efficient biomarker for neurological disorders. The current review focused on significant contributions of system biology and network-based computational model approaches in biomarker discovery with special reference to neurological disorders.
{"title":"System Biology and Network-Based Computational Model Approaches in Biomarker Discovery in Reference to Neurological Disorder","authors":"N. Srivastava, P. Srivastava","doi":"10.29011/2577-0616.000125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-0616.000125","url":null,"abstract":"Neurodegenerative diseases are irredeemable and incapacitating conditions that result in progressive degeneration. It is difficult to define the complexity of neuro-system quantitatively or meaningfully from a system standpoint. Thus, inclined towards the progress in developing new and effective therapeutic intervention, it is important to understand the underlying molecular mechanism and significance of neuro system and their complex molecular interaction. A biomarker discovery is an important need for early disease diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of new therapy for neurological disorders. The emergence of system biology and network-based computational model approaches provides the underlying molecular mechanism and significance of disease and their complex molecular interaction. Thus, it becomes quite easy to understand the specific nature of neuro system as well as it plays a significant role in integrating the omics data at multiple levels that lead to key success in the development of more accurate and efficient biomarker for neurological disorders. The current review focused on significant contributions of system biology and network-based computational model approaches in biomarker discovery with special reference to neurological disorders.","PeriodicalId":92381,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genomics and data mining","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42992293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01Epub Date: 2018-01-15DOI: 10.29014/IJGD-115.000015
Kenneth Blum, Edward J Modestino, Marjorie Gondre-Lewis, Edwin J Chapman, Jennifer Neary, David Siwicki, David Baron, Mary Hauser, David E Smith, Alphonse Kenison Roy, Panayotis K Thanos, Bruce Steinberg, Thomas McLaughlin, Lyle Fried, Debmalya Barh, Georgia A Dunston, Rajendra D Badgaiyan
Following 25 years of extensive research by many scientists worldwide, a panel of ten reward gene risk variants, called the Genetic Addiction Risk Score (GARS), has been developed. In unpublished work, when GARS was compared to the Addiction Severity Index (ASI), which has been used in many clinical settings, GARS significantly predicted the severity of both alcohol and drug dependency. In support of early testing for addiction and other RDS subtypes, parents caught up in the current demographic of 127 people, both young and old, dying daily from opiate/opioid overdose, need help. In the past, families would have never guessed that their loved ones would die or could be in real danger due to opiate addiction. Author, Bill Moyers, in Parade Magazine, reported that as he traveled around the United States, he found many children with ADHD and other spectrum disorders like Autism, and noted that many of these children had related conditions like substance abuse. He called for better ways to identify these children and treat them with approaches other than addictive pharmaceuticals. To our knowledge, GARS is the only panel of genes with established polymorphisms reflecting the Brain Reward Cascade (BRC), which has been correlated with the ASI-MV alcohol and drug risk severity score. While other studies are required to confirm and extend the GARS test to include other genes and polymorphisms that associate with an hypodopaminergic trait, these results provide clinicians with a non-invasive genetic test. Genomic testing, such as GARS, can improve clinical interactions and decision-making. Knowledge of precise polymorphic associations can help in the attenuation of guilt and denial, corroboration of family gene-o-grams; assistance in risk-severity-based decisions about appropriate therapies, including pain medications and risk for addiction; choice of the appropriate level of care placement (i.e., inpatient, outpatient, intensive outpatient, residential); determination of the length of stay in treatment; determination of genetic severity-based relapse and recovery liability and vulnerability; determination of pharmacogenetic medical monitoring for better clinical outcomes (e.g., the A1 allele of the DRD2 gene reduces the binding to opioid delta receptors in the brain, thus, reducing Naltrexone's clinical effectiveness); and supporting medical necessity for insurance scrutiny.
{"title":"The Benefits of Genetic Addiction Risk Score (GARS<sup>™</sup>) Testing in Substance Use Disorder (SUD).","authors":"Kenneth Blum, Edward J Modestino, Marjorie Gondre-Lewis, Edwin J Chapman, Jennifer Neary, David Siwicki, David Baron, Mary Hauser, David E Smith, Alphonse Kenison Roy, Panayotis K Thanos, Bruce Steinberg, Thomas McLaughlin, Lyle Fried, Debmalya Barh, Georgia A Dunston, Rajendra D Badgaiyan","doi":"10.29014/IJGD-115.000015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29014/IJGD-115.000015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Following 25 years of extensive research by many scientists worldwide, a panel of ten reward gene risk variants, called the Genetic Addiction Risk Score (GARS), has been developed. In unpublished work, when GARS was compared to the Addiction Severity Index (ASI), which has been used in many clinical settings, GARS significantly predicted the severity of both alcohol and drug dependency. In support of early testing for addiction and other RDS subtypes, parents caught up in the current demographic of 127 people, both young and old, dying daily from opiate/opioid overdose, need help. In the past, families would have never guessed that their loved ones would die or could be in real danger due to opiate addiction. Author, Bill Moyers, in Parade Magazine, reported that as he traveled around the United States, he found many children with ADHD and other spectrum disorders like Autism, and noted that many of these children had related conditions like substance abuse. He called for better ways to identify these children and treat them with approaches other than addictive pharmaceuticals. To our knowledge, GARS is the only panel of genes with established polymorphisms reflecting the Brain Reward Cascade (BRC), which has been correlated with the ASI-MV alcohol and drug risk severity score. While other studies are required to confirm and extend the GARS test to include other genes and polymorphisms that associate with an hypodopaminergic trait, these results provide clinicians with a non-invasive genetic test. Genomic testing, such as GARS, can improve clinical interactions and decision-making. Knowledge of precise polymorphic associations can help in the attenuation of guilt and denial, corroboration of family gene-o-grams; assistance in risk-severity-based decisions about appropriate therapies, including pain medications and risk for addiction; choice of the appropriate level of care placement (i.e., inpatient, outpatient, intensive outpatient, residential); determination of the length of stay in treatment; determination of genetic severity-based relapse and recovery liability and vulnerability; determination of pharmacogenetic medical monitoring for better clinical outcomes (e.g., the A1 allele of the DRD2 gene reduces the binding to opioid delta receptors in the brain, thus, reducing Naltrexone's clinical effectiveness); and supporting medical necessity for insurance scrutiny.</p>","PeriodicalId":92381,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genomics and data mining","volume":"2018 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.29014/IJGD-115.000015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36477169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.29011/2577-0616.000132
P. Chakraborty
{"title":"Draft Genome of Some Important Fruits: Source of Finding New Antioxidant Molecules","authors":"P. Chakraborty","doi":"10.29011/2577-0616.000132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-0616.000132","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92381,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genomics and data mining","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69470151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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