Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ejom.2022.118594.1263
Saif Eldin S, R. A., Khalifa M
Introduction: Occupational heat exposure is a major occupational health issue and a great number of indoor workers may be at risk of heat stress and its consequences, particularly those working near a radiant heat source as in kitchens. Aim of Work: To assess heat stress in hospital kitchen environment through environmental heat measurements using the wet-bulb globe temperature index , to evaluate the prevalence of heat related illness and to detect the impact of chronic indoor occupational heat exposure on the kidney health and functions through measurement of urinary interleukin-18 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated Lipocalin. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional comparative study was conducted upon 87 workers in a large scale hospital kitchen at Cairo, Egypt. The workers were classified into two groups: the directly heat exposed group (40 cookers) who were directly in contact with thermal radiation. The second group was the indirect heat exposed group (47 workers) who were involved in activities away from heat contact. Both groups were subjected to a detailed questionnaire including history of self-reported heat related heat illnesses, clinical examination, measurement of urinary levels of interleukin-18 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated Lipocalin. Environmental heat measurements at different workplaces were assessed. Results: In the cooking areas, the mean value of wet-bulb globe temperature was (32.4±1.4) that exceeded the threshold limit value (TLV) recommended by American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists (28°C). The median and interquartile range of urinary biomarkers were significantly respectively. There was a statistically significant fewer water cups drunken by the direct heat exposed workers (p value ˂0.001). The direct heat exposed group reported highly significant occupational heat related symptoms as heat cramps, excessive sweating, headache, dizziness, fatigue/ tiredness and excessive thirst (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The current study revealed that kitchen workers particularly cookers were chronically exposed to excessive indoor heat stress exceeding the permissible limit producing heat related illness and subclinical kidney affection.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF OCCUPATIONAL INDOOR HEAT STRESS IMPACT ON HEALTH AND KIDNEY FUNCTIONS AMONG KITCHEN WORKERS","authors":"Saif Eldin S, R. A., Khalifa M","doi":"10.21608/ejom.2022.118594.1263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejom.2022.118594.1263","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Occupational heat exposure is a major occupational health issue and a great number of indoor workers may be at risk of heat stress and its consequences, particularly those working near a radiant heat source as in kitchens. Aim of Work: To assess heat stress in hospital kitchen environment through environmental heat measurements using the wet-bulb globe temperature index , to evaluate the prevalence of heat related illness and to detect the impact of chronic indoor occupational heat exposure on the kidney health and functions through measurement of urinary interleukin-18 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated Lipocalin. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional comparative study was conducted upon 87 workers in a large scale hospital kitchen at Cairo, Egypt. The workers were classified into two groups: the directly heat exposed group (40 cookers) who were directly in contact with thermal radiation. The second group was the indirect heat exposed group (47 workers) who were involved in activities away from heat contact. Both groups were subjected to a detailed questionnaire including history of self-reported heat related heat illnesses, clinical examination, measurement of urinary levels of interleukin-18 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated Lipocalin. Environmental heat measurements at different workplaces were assessed. Results: In the cooking areas, the mean value of wet-bulb globe temperature was (32.4±1.4) that exceeded the threshold limit value (TLV) recommended by American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists (28°C). The median and interquartile range of urinary biomarkers were significantly respectively. There was a statistically significant fewer water cups drunken by the direct heat exposed workers (p value ˂0.001). The direct heat exposed group reported highly significant occupational heat related symptoms as heat cramps, excessive sweating, headache, dizziness, fatigue/ tiredness and excessive thirst (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The current study revealed that kitchen workers particularly cookers were chronically exposed to excessive indoor heat stress exceeding the permissible limit producing heat related illness and subclinical kidney affection.","PeriodicalId":92893,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian journal of occupational medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48365477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ejom.2022.127533.1268
A. S, Sheta S
Introduction: Dental practice has been classified as high risk profession due to the increased possibility of infection transmission between dentists and patients. As a result, strict and necessary infection control guidelines against COVID-19 virus are regarded as a top priority in dental settings. Aim of Work: to assess the adherence of dentists to COVID-19 preventive measures, to study the factors which influence this adherence and to clarify the impact of COVID-19 on the dentists› lives in Sharkia governorate. Materials and Methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted among (346) dentists. An electronic survey was used, the questionnaire comprised of socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge source about COVID-19 infection prevention, vaccination, impact of COVID-19 on the dentists› lives, quality of life, adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures and factors which interfere with the adherence to these measures. Results: About 13% of the studied group were trained about covid-19 infection prevention skills, 56.06% updated their knowledge with current Ministry of Health (MOH) guidelines and 337 (97.39%) were vaccinated against COVID 19. The studied dentists were very worried about their health and their relatives’ health. Their income was dramatically decreased and they were moderately worried of being infected. The majority of the participants (93.1%) self-rated their quality of life as adequate. Multivariable linear regression revealed that female gender, older age, and a higher quality of life score were factors that were
{"title":"DENTISTS AND COVID-19 ERA: SUFFERING, WORK LIMITATIONS AND ADHERENCE TO PREVENTIVE MEASURES: A CROSS SECTION STUDY.","authors":"A. S, Sheta S","doi":"10.21608/ejom.2022.127533.1268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejom.2022.127533.1268","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Dental practice has been classified as high risk profession due to the increased possibility of infection transmission between dentists and patients. As a result, strict and necessary infection control guidelines against COVID-19 virus are regarded as a top priority in dental settings. Aim of Work: to assess the adherence of dentists to COVID-19 preventive measures, to study the factors which influence this adherence and to clarify the impact of COVID-19 on the dentists› lives in Sharkia governorate. Materials and Methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted among (346) dentists. An electronic survey was used, the questionnaire comprised of socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge source about COVID-19 infection prevention, vaccination, impact of COVID-19 on the dentists› lives, quality of life, adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures and factors which interfere with the adherence to these measures. Results: About 13% of the studied group were trained about covid-19 infection prevention skills, 56.06% updated their knowledge with current Ministry of Health (MOH) guidelines and 337 (97.39%) were vaccinated against COVID 19. The studied dentists were very worried about their health and their relatives’ health. Their income was dramatically decreased and they were moderately worried of being infected. The majority of the participants (93.1%) self-rated their quality of life as adequate. Multivariable linear regression revealed that female gender, older age, and a higher quality of life score were factors that were","PeriodicalId":92893,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian journal of occupational medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47731693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ejom.2022.118662.1264
A. M, A. E., G. M, Badr N, Zaghloul F, A. K
Introduction: Asphalt mixing plants’ workers are exposed to different types of chemicals at the work place that may affect their respiratory system. Aim of Work: To study the respiratory health disorders among asphalt mixing plants’ workers and to assess the workplace environment. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in 2 asphalt mixing plants, Menoufia Governorate and 100 asphalt mixing plants’ workers have been included in the study during the period from the February 1st, 2020 to December 31th, 2021. An equal number of control subjects were chosen at random from workers’ family members with the same socio-demographic characteristics and who had never been exposed to such risks. A predesigned questionnaire was used for interviewing all participants followed by physical examination and spirometric measurements. Assessment of the work environment was also done. Results: The average concentration of airborne particles was (3.872 0.307 mg/m3), which was higher than the Egyptian Environmental Law 4 Decree 1095, (2011) permitted threshold of (3 mg/m3). Furthermore, the total accumulation of crystalline silica in airborne particles was (45.58 2.531mg/m3), which was less than the acceptable amount established by Egyptian Environmental Law No. 4 Decree 1095, 2011 and Recommended Exposure Limit (REL) of NIOSH, 2005 for free crystalline silica level (50 µg/m3 = 0.05 mg/m3). Respiratory symptoms such as rhinitis, cough, productive cough, dyspnea, recommended that personal protective equipment should be regularly used with proper ventilation of the workplace and continuous monitoring of the work environment to maintain the exposure levels below permissible values. Also, all workers should be subjected to periodic medical examination.
{"title":"RESPIRATORY HEALTH DISORDERS AMONG WORKERS IN ASPHALT MIXING PLANTS","authors":"A. M, A. E., G. M, Badr N, Zaghloul F, A. K","doi":"10.21608/ejom.2022.118662.1264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejom.2022.118662.1264","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Asphalt mixing plants’ workers are exposed to different types of chemicals at the work place that may affect their respiratory system. Aim of Work: To study the respiratory health disorders among asphalt mixing plants’ workers and to assess the workplace environment. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in 2 asphalt mixing plants, Menoufia Governorate and 100 asphalt mixing plants’ workers have been included in the study during the period from the February 1st, 2020 to December 31th, 2021. An equal number of control subjects were chosen at random from workers’ family members with the same socio-demographic characteristics and who had never been exposed to such risks. A predesigned questionnaire was used for interviewing all participants followed by physical examination and spirometric measurements. Assessment of the work environment was also done. Results: The average concentration of airborne particles was (3.872 0.307 mg/m3), which was higher than the Egyptian Environmental Law 4 Decree 1095, (2011) permitted threshold of (3 mg/m3). Furthermore, the total accumulation of crystalline silica in airborne particles was (45.58 2.531mg/m3), which was less than the acceptable amount established by Egyptian Environmental Law No. 4 Decree 1095, 2011 and Recommended Exposure Limit (REL) of NIOSH, 2005 for free crystalline silica level (50 µg/m3 = 0.05 mg/m3). Respiratory symptoms such as rhinitis, cough, productive cough, dyspnea, recommended that personal protective equipment should be regularly used with proper ventilation of the workplace and continuous monitoring of the work environment to maintain the exposure levels below permissible values. Also, all workers should be subjected to periodic medical examination.","PeriodicalId":92893,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian journal of occupational medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48916598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ejom.2022.122068.1266
E. S., E. A, Ismael F
Introduction: Healthcare workers (HCWs) wear personal protective equipment (PPE) and use hand sanitizers in addition to frequent hand washing during work time which is one of the fundamental infection control guidelines to prevent different hospital infections. The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic urged the use of PPE for longer periods and the more frequent hand washing/ or disinfectants use which attributed to the development of skin adverse effects as contact dermatitis. Aim of Work: To estimate the prevalence of adverse skin diseases due to the use PPE and sanitizers and their associated factors among HCWs in Mansoura University Hospital, Egypt. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was done in Mansoura University Hospital, Egypt; among HCWs who were subjected to personal interview to collect socio-demographic data, occupational history, medical history and the frequency of PPE, hand washing and sanitizers/alcohol use. Dermatological examination was done for the whole body; with using dermoscope (dermalite Hud) when needed. Results: The overall prevalence of dermatological disorders among the participants was 23.2%. Working >8 hours /day, wearing apron and Alcohol/antiseptic rubbing >10 times/day were independent significant predictors of PPE use and hand washing/ sanitizers dermatoses { AOR(95% CI): 9.1(3.4-24.3), 5.9(2.5-13.6)
{"title":"EFFECTS OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT AND HAND WASHING /SANITIZERS ON THE SKIN OF HEALTHCARE WORKERS","authors":"E. S., E. A, Ismael F","doi":"10.21608/ejom.2022.122068.1266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejom.2022.122068.1266","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Healthcare workers (HCWs) wear personal protective equipment (PPE) and use hand sanitizers in addition to frequent hand washing during work time which is one of the fundamental infection control guidelines to prevent different hospital infections. The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic urged the use of PPE for longer periods and the more frequent hand washing/ or disinfectants use which attributed to the development of skin adverse effects as contact dermatitis. Aim of Work: To estimate the prevalence of adverse skin diseases due to the use PPE and sanitizers and their associated factors among HCWs in Mansoura University Hospital, Egypt. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was done in Mansoura University Hospital, Egypt; among HCWs who were subjected to personal interview to collect socio-demographic data, occupational history, medical history and the frequency of PPE, hand washing and sanitizers/alcohol use. Dermatological examination was done for the whole body; with using dermoscope (dermalite Hud) when needed. Results: The overall prevalence of dermatological disorders among the participants was 23.2%. Working >8 hours /day, wearing apron and Alcohol/antiseptic rubbing >10 times/day were independent significant predictors of PPE use and hand washing/ sanitizers dermatoses { AOR(95% CI): 9.1(3.4-24.3), 5.9(2.5-13.6)","PeriodicalId":92893,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian journal of occupational medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42669025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ejom.2022.127070.1267
Mahmoud H, Ezzat A
Introduction: Workplace violence against Health care workers (HCWs) in Egypt is a widely spread phenomenon that has a great disruptive effect on the healthcare systems. Accordingly, efforts are required to study this phenomenon and recommend solutions. Aim of Work: To identify the recent trends in workplace violence against physicians and its main predictors. Materials and Methods: An online cross-sectional study was conducted targeting working physicians in healthcare facilities in Egypt. Non-probability snowball sampling technique was used to recruit study participants. Data were collected using an electronic questionnaire that was designed using Google forms. The link of the questionnaire was posted to participants using social media applications namely Facebook, WhatsApp, and Telegram. Results: At the end of the data collection period, there were 445 completed questionnaires submitted by study participants. The prevalence of workplace violence was 82.5% (367 out of 445 physicians reported their exposure to violence whether physical, verbal, or both types). Visitors/patients’ relatives were the main source of violence and the Emergency department was the main setting of violence incidents. Exposure to violence was significantly affected by socioeconomic characters of participants (age, gender, and level of education) and the work-related variables (duration of work/ years, type of employer (Governmental or private institutions), specialty, working hours/week, shifting time, and security at the workplace). The main causes of workplace violence were lack of penalty for aggressors, poor security, and staff shortage. Conclusion: Physicians are at high risk for violence exposure which does not only affect the victims but the whole health system. The high prevalence of workplace violence observed in the current study obliges the decision-maker to put this issue as a priority with an urgent application of proper prevention and control programs.
{"title":"WORKPLACE VIOLENCE AGAINST PHYSICIANS: AN ONLINE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY","authors":"Mahmoud H, Ezzat A","doi":"10.21608/ejom.2022.127070.1267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejom.2022.127070.1267","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Workplace violence against Health care workers (HCWs) in Egypt is a widely spread phenomenon that has a great disruptive effect on the healthcare systems. Accordingly, efforts are required to study this phenomenon and recommend solutions. Aim of Work: To identify the recent trends in workplace violence against physicians and its main predictors. Materials and Methods: An online cross-sectional study was conducted targeting working physicians in healthcare facilities in Egypt. Non-probability snowball sampling technique was used to recruit study participants. Data were collected using an electronic questionnaire that was designed using Google forms. The link of the questionnaire was posted to participants using social media applications namely Facebook, WhatsApp, and Telegram. Results: At the end of the data collection period, there were 445 completed questionnaires submitted by study participants. The prevalence of workplace violence was 82.5% (367 out of 445 physicians reported their exposure to violence whether physical, verbal, or both types). Visitors/patients’ relatives were the main source of violence and the Emergency department was the main setting of violence incidents. Exposure to violence was significantly affected by socioeconomic characters of participants (age, gender, and level of education) and the work-related variables (duration of work/ years, type of employer (Governmental or private institutions), specialty, working hours/week, shifting time, and security at the workplace). The main causes of workplace violence were lack of penalty for aggressors, poor security, and staff shortage. Conclusion: Physicians are at high risk for violence exposure which does not only affect the victims but the whole health system. The high prevalence of workplace violence observed in the current study obliges the decision-maker to put this issue as a priority with an urgent application of proper prevention and control programs.","PeriodicalId":92893,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian journal of occupational medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68509157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ejom.2022.117843.1262
A. S, Hamed A, Sheta S
Introduction: Child labor has been a major public health concern worldwide, being associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes. Aim of Work: To assess the physical health and nutritional status of working children through specific physical examination and laboratory investigations, to study their psychosocial status and to clarify the association between child work and quality of life. Materials and Methods: Comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among (45) working children and (45) control group. All participants were personally interviewed at their workshops and were subjected to general questionnaire (sociodemographic, schooling, nutritional aspects and workplace characteristics), Instrument for Psychosocial Assessment of working children questionnaire, The Child Health Questionnaire for Quality of Life Assessment, physical examination and investigation (hemoglobin level). Results: The mean weight and hemoglobin level of working children were lower than that of control group in the younger age groups while the older the age group, the lower in mean length with statistically significant difference. The working children had lower mean scores than control group regarding stress, relationship, leisure, social factors, hopelessness and helplessness, abuse and maltreatment. The working children had lower mean scores than control group regarding general health perceptions, emotional functioning, behavioral functioning, family cohesion and schooling (p<0.001). The working children had lower mean total physical score and total psychosocial score than control group indicating lower quality of life with significant difference. Conclusion and Recommendations: Working children are subjected to higher levels of physical and mental stressors at work and child labor has negative impact on quality of life. Legislations should be implemented to protect them.
{"title":"PHYSICAL, PSYCHOSOCIAL HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG WORKING CHILDREN IN SMALL INDUSTRIAL SHOPS","authors":"A. S, Hamed A, Sheta S","doi":"10.21608/ejom.2022.117843.1262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejom.2022.117843.1262","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Child labor has been a major public health concern worldwide, being associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes. Aim of Work: To assess the physical health and nutritional status of working children through specific physical examination and laboratory investigations, to study their psychosocial status and to clarify the association between child work and quality of life. Materials and Methods: Comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among (45) working children and (45) control group. All participants were personally interviewed at their workshops and were subjected to general questionnaire (sociodemographic, schooling, nutritional aspects and workplace characteristics), Instrument for Psychosocial Assessment of working children questionnaire, The Child Health Questionnaire for Quality of Life Assessment, physical examination and investigation (hemoglobin level). Results: The mean weight and hemoglobin level of working children were lower than that of control group in the younger age groups while the older the age group, the lower in mean length with statistically significant difference. The working children had lower mean scores than control group regarding stress, relationship, leisure, social factors, hopelessness and helplessness, abuse and maltreatment. The working children had lower mean scores than control group regarding general health perceptions, emotional functioning, behavioral functioning, family cohesion and schooling (p<0.001). The working children had lower mean total physical score and total psychosocial score than control group indicating lower quality of life with significant difference. Conclusion and Recommendations: Working children are subjected to higher levels of physical and mental stressors at work and child labor has negative impact on quality of life. Legislations should be implemented to protect them.","PeriodicalId":92893,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian journal of occupational medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46836606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ejom.2022.133585.1272
R. A., Mourad H
Introduction: Climate change and other types of environmental alteration are of our generation’s most pressing issues. Due to its geographical location and reliance on climate-sensitive economic sectors, Egypt is particularly vulnerable to climate change. Occupational exposure as a result of rising temperatures and climate change has become a threat to the health and safety, productivity, and social well-being of the world’s diverse workforce. Both outdoor and indoor employees are expected to be affected by climate change. Heatstroke, headache, exhaustion, insomnia, heart, kidney, respiratory, and skin disorders, immunological dysfunction, infections, injuries, cancer, and (in severe situations) mortality are among the most common occupational health concerns. High temperature, ozone, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and other chemicals are among the occupational exposures that are predicted to rise due to climate change. Climate change has also been linked to an increase in the spread of pathogenic microbes, vector-borne infectious agents, and wildfires, as well as increased workplace violence. Aim of Work: To discuss the different types of occupational exposure that are anticipated to cause climate change, to highlight the regions that would be the most vulnerable to their consequences, and to draw attention to the different preventive measures which are needed to safeguard employees from the health risks of climate change. Conclusion: Climate change could raise the risk of work-related diseases and injuries, necessitating steps to enhance the detection and prevention of its impact on occupational health. Employers, governments, and politicians must implement a variety of methods to safeguard employees against the long-term health effects of climate change. Workers should also be informed of any actions that may be taken to mitigate the health effects of climate change.
{"title":"IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND ITS POSSIBLE PREVENTIVE STRATEGIES (REVIEW ARTICLE)","authors":"R. A., Mourad H","doi":"10.21608/ejom.2022.133585.1272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejom.2022.133585.1272","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Climate change and other types of environmental alteration are of our generation’s most pressing issues. Due to its geographical location and reliance on climate-sensitive economic sectors, Egypt is particularly vulnerable to climate change. Occupational exposure as a result of rising temperatures and climate change has become a threat to the health and safety, productivity, and social well-being of the world’s diverse workforce. Both outdoor and indoor employees are expected to be affected by climate change. Heatstroke, headache, exhaustion, insomnia, heart, kidney, respiratory, and skin disorders, immunological dysfunction, infections, injuries, cancer, and (in severe situations) mortality are among the most common occupational health concerns. High temperature, ozone, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and other chemicals are among the occupational exposures that are predicted to rise due to climate change. Climate change has also been linked to an increase in the spread of pathogenic microbes, vector-borne infectious agents, and wildfires, as well as increased workplace violence. Aim of Work: To discuss the different types of occupational exposure that are anticipated to cause climate change, to highlight the regions that would be the most vulnerable to their consequences, and to draw attention to the different preventive measures which are needed to safeguard employees from the health risks of climate change. Conclusion: Climate change could raise the risk of work-related diseases and injuries, necessitating steps to enhance the detection and prevention of its impact on occupational health. Employers, governments, and politicians must implement a variety of methods to safeguard employees against the long-term health effects of climate change. Workers should also be informed of any actions that may be taken to mitigate the health effects of climate change.","PeriodicalId":92893,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian journal of occupational medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47057838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ejom.2022.119063.1265
A. A., A. T, E. I, Rimawi O
Introduction: In the early 2003s, the Jordanian municipality of Al-Ghabawi began operating a municipal solid waste dump. As a result of inefficient waste management, it might be a substantial source of contaminants in the environment and a hazard to human health. All environmental elements (water, air, soil, and biota) are contaminated as a result of inefficient garbage disposal. The pollution of the environment in the area of garbage dumps and landfills is a big concern, caused by wind, uncontrolled waste burning, and evaporation of organic components. As a result, landfills may be hazardous to employees and the environment. Aim of Work: Residues of selected Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) as chemical pollutants were evaluated in leachate, soil, and groundwater in the Al-Ghabawi site to assess environmental quality in the landfill and the surrounding area. Materials and Methods: Samples were collected during 2020 in order to know their content of Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), Organochlorine Pesticides(OCPs)and their metabolites. The sampling and analysis were conducted according to international standard methods. Results: The results of this study showed that the concentration (µg L −1 ) of PCBs congers ranged between (0.51–0.53 µg L −1 ) in the test1 and (0.15-0.33 µg L −1 ) in the leachate of Ghabawi landfill, whereas less than (1.00 µg L −1 ) in the mixed leachate from five cells. Some targeted PCBs were detected and it was distributed as this order: PCB189 and PCB169 > PCB77 > PCB167 > PCB157, PCB81, PCB126 and PCB156> PCB123 and PCB105> PCB118> PCB114. The concentration of total DDT varied from 2.16 µg/ L to 3.38 µg/L in leachate samples; 3.19 ng/g to 2.91 ng/g in soil samples and 0.25 µg/L to 1.94 µg/L in groundwater into the study area. Conclusion and Recommendations: The study concluded that there were some pollutants in the landfill area and the surrounding environment. These pollutants pose threat to the workers in the landfill. POPs regulations and control measures should be enforced to protect human health and the environment. Ensure safe and sound disposal methods for the waste containing POPs, considering the final destruction of POPs or irreversibly transformed; so no longer have the characteristics of POPs.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVELS OF PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN THE GHABAWI LANDFILL IN JORDAN","authors":"A. A., A. T, E. I, Rimawi O","doi":"10.21608/ejom.2022.119063.1265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejom.2022.119063.1265","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In the early 2003s, the Jordanian municipality of Al-Ghabawi began operating a municipal solid waste dump. As a result of inefficient waste management, it might be a substantial source of contaminants in the environment and a hazard to human health. All environmental elements (water, air, soil, and biota) are contaminated as a result of inefficient garbage disposal. The pollution of the environment in the area of garbage dumps and landfills is a big concern, caused by wind, uncontrolled waste burning, and evaporation of organic components. As a result, landfills may be hazardous to employees and the environment. Aim of Work: Residues of selected Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) as chemical pollutants were evaluated in leachate, soil, and groundwater in the Al-Ghabawi site to assess environmental quality in the landfill and the surrounding area. Materials and Methods: Samples were collected during 2020 in order to know their content of Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), Organochlorine Pesticides(OCPs)and their metabolites. The sampling and analysis were conducted according to international standard methods. Results: The results of this study showed that the concentration (µg L −1 ) of PCBs congers ranged between (0.51–0.53 µg L −1 ) in the test1 and (0.15-0.33 µg L −1 ) in the leachate of Ghabawi landfill, whereas less than (1.00 µg L −1 ) in the mixed leachate from five cells. Some targeted PCBs were detected and it was distributed as this order: PCB189 and PCB169 > PCB77 > PCB167 > PCB157, PCB81, PCB126 and PCB156> PCB123 and PCB105> PCB118> PCB114. The concentration of total DDT varied from 2.16 µg/ L to 3.38 µg/L in leachate samples; 3.19 ng/g to 2.91 ng/g in soil samples and 0.25 µg/L to 1.94 µg/L in groundwater into the study area. Conclusion and Recommendations: The study concluded that there were some pollutants in the landfill area and the surrounding environment. These pollutants pose threat to the workers in the landfill. POPs regulations and control measures should be enforced to protect human health and the environment. Ensure safe and sound disposal methods for the waste containing POPs, considering the final destruction of POPs or irreversibly transformed; so no longer have the characteristics of POPs.","PeriodicalId":92893,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian journal of occupational medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44150237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01Epub Date: 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19288-7
Biying Zhao, Licheng Sun, Lin Qin
The contradiction between China's economic development and the reduction of carbon emission is increasingly deepening along with the complex carbon emission transfer. Optimizing provincial-level carbon emission transfer in China is important for facilitating economic development and carbon emission reduction. Under these dual constraints, this study uses the slacks-based measure, marginal abatement cost, and geographically and temporally weighted regression models to measure the economic and carbon emission reduction effects and the carbon emission reduction baseline. Then, the optimization strategy and path of provincial carbon emission transfer network structure are proposed to provide policy support for achieving the dual goals of economic development and carbon emission reduction in China. This article draws the following important research conclusions. First, under the three economic development scenarios, provinces in the eastern coastal developed regions are capable of completing the expected carbon emission reduction, whereas the underdeveloped provinces in the central and northern regions are not. Second, from the perspective of the economic effect of carbon emission transfer, carbon emission transfer from most provinces promotes economic development, whereas carbon emission transfer from a few economically underdeveloped provinces hinders economic development. Third, from the perspective of the carbon emission reduction impact of carbon emission transfer, carbon emission transfer in the northeast region has a negative impact on carbon emission reduction, and carbon emission transfer in developed regions also has a negative impact on carbon emission reduction. Fourth, the optimization of the carbon emission transfer can be divided into four categories.
{"title":"Optimization of China's provincial carbon emission transfer structure under the dual constraints of economic development and emission reduction goals.","authors":"Biying Zhao, Licheng Sun, Lin Qin","doi":"10.1007/s11356-022-19288-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11356-022-19288-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The contradiction between China's economic development and the reduction of carbon emission is increasingly deepening along with the complex carbon emission transfer. Optimizing provincial-level carbon emission transfer in China is important for facilitating economic development and carbon emission reduction. Under these dual constraints, this study uses the slacks-based measure, marginal abatement cost, and geographically and temporally weighted regression models to measure the economic and carbon emission reduction effects and the carbon emission reduction baseline. Then, the optimization strategy and path of provincial carbon emission transfer network structure are proposed to provide policy support for achieving the dual goals of economic development and carbon emission reduction in China. This article draws the following important research conclusions. First, under the three economic development scenarios, provinces in the eastern coastal developed regions are capable of completing the expected carbon emission reduction, whereas the underdeveloped provinces in the central and northern regions are not. Second, from the perspective of the economic effect of carbon emission transfer, carbon emission transfer from most provinces promotes economic development, whereas carbon emission transfer from a few economically underdeveloped provinces hinders economic development. Third, from the perspective of the carbon emission reduction impact of carbon emission transfer, carbon emission transfer in the northeast region has a negative impact on carbon emission reduction, and carbon emission transfer in developed regions also has a negative impact on carbon emission reduction. Fourth, the optimization of the carbon emission transfer can be divided into four categories.</p>","PeriodicalId":92893,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian journal of occupational medicine","volume":"32 1","pages":"50335-50351"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90477593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.21608/ejom.2022.237279
Mohammed Rs, S. As, Khalifa Em
{"title":"IMPACT OF METALLOTHIONINE2A GENE POLYMORPHISM ON THE LEVELS OF BLOOD HEAVY METALS AMONG WORKERS IN COPPER SMELTERS","authors":"Mohammed Rs, S. As, Khalifa Em","doi":"10.21608/ejom.2022.237279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejom.2022.237279","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92893,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian journal of occupational medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46093107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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