Objective: To determine the effect of the coronavirus disease, 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the prehospital time intervals of emergency medical services (EMS) in Thailand. Material and Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed the prehospital time intervals of EMS in Thailand; from January 1, 2019 to September 30, 2021 using data obtained from the national EMS database. Patients with incomplete medical records, prehospital time intervals <1 or >300 minutes, and those admitted between January 1 and March 31, 2020 were excluded. Data were compared between the following groups: Group 1, pre-COVID-19; Group 2, first- and second-wave of COVID-19; and Group 3, third-wave of COVID-19: Kruskal–Wallis, Wilcoxon rank-sum, and chi-square tests were used. Results: A total of 3,863,153 patients were enrolled into this study. The median total prehospital time was significantly longer in Group 2 when compared to Group 1, [25 (17,34) vs. 24 (17,33) minutes, p-value<0.001]; longer on-scene time, [4 (2,7) vs. 3 (2,6) minutes, p-value<0.001]; shorter transportation time, [10 (6,17) vs. 11 (6,18) minutes, p-value<0.001]. The median total prehospital time [27 (19,37) vs. 25 (17,34) minutes, p-value<0.001], response time [8 (5,14) vs. 7 (4,11) minutes, p-value<0.001], and transportation time were significantly longer in Group 3 than in Group 2 [11 (6,18) vs. 10 (6,17) minutes, p-value<0.001]. Conclusion: The EMS prehospital time intervals in Thailand during COVID-19 were significantly longer in both the non-trauma and trauma subgroups. Appropriate pre-hospital strategies and monitoring should be developed to manage future pandemics.
{"title":"Prehospital Time Intervals in Thailand during COVID-19","authors":"Patiman Chanrak, Kanthika Kraisawat","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.20231013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.20231013","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the effect of the coronavirus disease, 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the prehospital time intervals of emergency medical services (EMS) in Thailand. Material and Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed the prehospital time intervals of EMS in Thailand; from January 1, 2019 to September 30, 2021 using data obtained from the national EMS database. Patients with incomplete medical records, prehospital time intervals <1 or >300 minutes, and those admitted between January 1 and March 31, 2020 were excluded. Data were compared between the following groups: Group 1, pre-COVID-19; Group 2, first- and second-wave of COVID-19; and Group 3, third-wave of COVID-19: Kruskal–Wallis, Wilcoxon rank-sum, and chi-square tests were used. Results: A total of 3,863,153 patients were enrolled into this study. The median total prehospital time was significantly longer in Group 2 when compared to Group 1, [25 (17,34) vs. 24 (17,33) minutes, p-value<0.001]; longer on-scene time, [4 (2,7) vs. 3 (2,6) minutes, p-value<0.001]; shorter transportation time, [10 (6,17) vs. 11 (6,18) minutes, p-value<0.001]. The median total prehospital time [27 (19,37) vs. 25 (17,34) minutes, p-value<0.001], response time [8 (5,14) vs. 7 (4,11) minutes, p-value<0.001], and transportation time were significantly longer in Group 3 than in Group 2 [11 (6,18) vs. 10 (6,17) minutes, p-value<0.001]. Conclusion: The EMS prehospital time intervals in Thailand during COVID-19 were significantly longer in both the non-trauma and trauma subgroups. Appropriate pre-hospital strategies and monitoring should be developed to manage future pandemics.","PeriodicalId":93205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research (JHSMR)","volume":"51 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136346560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With improvements in the survival rate following lung transplantation, lung transplant recipients occasionallyundergo subsequent non-pulmonary surgical interventions that are not directly related to their pulmonary disease. Bothanesthesia and surgical procedures can affect the transplanted lungs and other organs in such patients. Moreover, these patients may show pulmonary function impairment; depending on the type of surgery and anatomical site. An adequate understanding of the physiology of the transplanted lung, careful preoperative evaluation and preparation, appropriate utilization of airway equipment, and proper management of intraoperative fluids and ventilation are crucial for superior perioperative outcomes.
{"title":"Anesthesia For Patients Receiving Single-Lung Transplantation in Non-Pulmonary Surgical Intervention: A Case Report","authors":"Laortip Rattanapittayaporn, Mantana Saetang, Wirat Wasinwong, Jutarat Tanasansuttiporn","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.20231012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.20231012","url":null,"abstract":"With improvements in the survival rate following lung transplantation, lung transplant recipients occasionallyundergo subsequent non-pulmonary surgical interventions that are not directly related to their pulmonary disease. Bothanesthesia and surgical procedures can affect the transplanted lungs and other organs in such patients. Moreover, these patients may show pulmonary function impairment; depending on the type of surgery and anatomical site. An adequate understanding of the physiology of the transplanted lung, careful preoperative evaluation and preparation, appropriate utilization of airway equipment, and proper management of intraoperative fluids and ventilation are crucial for superior perioperative outcomes.","PeriodicalId":93205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research (JHSMR)","volume":" 35","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135242951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This study aimed to develop thin layer chromatographic (TLC) fingerprints to control the quality of Chanthalila preparation (CP).Material and Methods: Twelve batches of reference CP were prepared from various sources and used as reference batches (CP1 to CP12). Artemisinin, atractylodin, eurycomanone, imperatorin and loureirin A were used as markers. The common and characteristic bands were assigned using the reference TLC fingerprints and applied to assess the qualitative parameters used in the identification and chemical profiling of eight commercial CPs.Results: The reference TLC fingerprints were established on a silica gel GF254 plate with two mobile phase systems, System A and System B. In System A, atractylodin, imperatorin, and loureirin A were assigned as characteristic bands along with 10-12 common bands under Ultraviolet (UV) 254 nm, UV 366 nanometer (nm), and derivatization. In System B, 6 common bands were observed under UV 254 nm, while 11 fluorescent bands were detected under UV 366 nm. Eurycomanone and artemisinin were not found in any reference CP batches, which revealed the TLC method had poor sensitivity. The TLC patterns of commercial CPs were markedly different from those of the reference fingerprints. Most commercial products failed to meet the specification criteria because only imperatorin appeared in the chromatogram.Conclusion: TLC fingerprinting is a fast and efficient method that can be employed in the quality control of CP. It enables the revelation of the quality of the raw materials in the chromatograms, which can be useful to manufacturers to evaluate their supplier sources. However, the sensitivity of this method for determining some markers was quite low.
{"title":"Establishment of Thin Layer Chromatographic Fingerprints for the Quality Control of Chanthalila Preparation, A Thai Traditional Antipyretic Medicine","authors":"Dujhathai Anekchai, Athip Sakunphueak","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.20231010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.20231010","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to develop thin layer chromatographic (TLC) fingerprints to control the quality of Chanthalila preparation (CP).Material and Methods: Twelve batches of reference CP were prepared from various sources and used as reference batches (CP1 to CP12). Artemisinin, atractylodin, eurycomanone, imperatorin and loureirin A were used as markers. The common and characteristic bands were assigned using the reference TLC fingerprints and applied to assess the qualitative parameters used in the identification and chemical profiling of eight commercial CPs.Results: The reference TLC fingerprints were established on a silica gel GF254 plate with two mobile phase systems, System A and System B. In System A, atractylodin, imperatorin, and loureirin A were assigned as characteristic bands along with 10-12 common bands under Ultraviolet (UV) 254 nm, UV 366 nanometer (nm), and derivatization. In System B, 6 common bands were observed under UV 254 nm, while 11 fluorescent bands were detected under UV 366 nm. Eurycomanone and artemisinin were not found in any reference CP batches, which revealed the TLC method had poor sensitivity. The TLC patterns of commercial CPs were markedly different from those of the reference fingerprints. Most commercial products failed to meet the specification criteria because only imperatorin appeared in the chromatogram.Conclusion: TLC fingerprinting is a fast and efficient method that can be employed in the quality control of CP. It enables the revelation of the quality of the raw materials in the chromatograms, which can be useful to manufacturers to evaluate their supplier sources. However, the sensitivity of this method for determining some markers was quite low.","PeriodicalId":93205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research (JHSMR)","volume":"52 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135432090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the consumption frequency of foods rich in dietary fibre; in relation to gender, ponderal status and physical activity, in a sample of Italian adults.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted; from November 2021 to June 2022, on 300 subjects by a questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviours and consumption frequency of dietary fibre-rich foods.Results: The consumption frequency of dietary fibre is higher in females than in males. A higher percentage of obese people never or rarely consumed foods rich in dietary fibre. In regards to the consumption of whole-meal biscuits/whole-meal rusks/whole grains, it was observed that a higher percentage of overweight subjects ate them every day, more so than those who were obese, of normal-underweight and in overweight females; with the difference being significant (52.6% vs 16.7% and 32.6%; p-value=0.0366). The same trend was observed for fruit and vegetable consumption; wherein, 11.1% of overweight participants consumed 5 or more servings per day of fruit and vegetables. In contrast, only 7.9% of normal-underweight and 3.6% of obese behave according to WHO recommendations. In overweight females, this difference was significant (12.8% vs 8.3% and 8.3%; p-value=0.0103). A significant (p-value<0.05) higher consumption of dietary fibre was observed in physically active people than in physical inactive people, while no significant differences existed between those who exercise for at least 150 minutes/week and those who exercise less than 150minutes.Conclusion: Dietary fibre consumption was moderately associated with gender and weight status and significantly associated with physical activity.
目的:本研究的目的是调查富含膳食纤维的食物的食用频率;与性别、身体状况和身体活动的关系。材料与方法:采用横断面在线调查;从2021年11月至2022年6月，对300名受试者进行了一项关于社会人口特征、生活方式行为和富含膳食纤维食物消费频率的问卷调查。结果:女性食用膳食纤维的频率高于男性。较高比例的肥胖者从不或很少食用富含膳食纤维的食物。在食用全麦饼干/全麦面包/全谷物方面，研究发现，超重受试者每天食用全麦饼干/全麦面包/全谷物的比例高于肥胖、正常体重不足和超重女性;差异显著(52.6% vs 16.7%和32.6%;假定值= 0.0366)。水果和蔬菜的消费也出现了同样的趋势;其中，11.1%的超重参与者每天食用5份或更多的水果和蔬菜。相比之下，只有7.9%的正常体重过轻者和3.6%的肥胖者按照世卫组织的建议行事。在超重女性中，这种差异是显著的(12.8% vs 8.3%和8.3%;假定值= 0.0103)。运动人群的膳食纤维消耗量显著高于不运动人群(p值<0.05)，而每周运动至少150分钟的人群与少于150分钟的人群之间没有显著差异。结论:膳食纤维摄入量与性别和体重状况有中度相关性，与体力活动有显著相关性。
{"title":"Dietary Fibre Consumption in a Sample of Italian Adults: Relationship Between Dietary Habits and Gender, Ponderal Status and Physical Activity","authors":"Myriam Galfo, Fabrizia Maccati, Francesca Melini, Valentina Melini","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.20231011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.20231011","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the consumption frequency of foods rich in dietary fibre; in relation to gender, ponderal status and physical activity, in a sample of Italian adults.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted; from November 2021 to June 2022, on 300 subjects by a questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviours and consumption frequency of dietary fibre-rich foods.Results: The consumption frequency of dietary fibre is higher in females than in males. A higher percentage of obese people never or rarely consumed foods rich in dietary fibre. In regards to the consumption of whole-meal biscuits/whole-meal rusks/whole grains, it was observed that a higher percentage of overweight subjects ate them every day, more so than those who were obese, of normal-underweight and in overweight females; with the difference being significant (52.6% vs 16.7% and 32.6%; p-value=0.0366). The same trend was observed for fruit and vegetable consumption; wherein, 11.1% of overweight participants consumed 5 or more servings per day of fruit and vegetables. In contrast, only 7.9% of normal-underweight and 3.6% of obese behave according to WHO recommendations. In overweight females, this difference was significant (12.8% vs 8.3% and 8.3%; p-value=0.0103). A significant (p-value<0.05) higher consumption of dietary fibre was observed in physically active people than in physical inactive people, while no significant differences existed between those who exercise for at least 150 minutes/week and those who exercise less than 150minutes.Conclusion: Dietary fibre consumption was moderately associated with gender and weight status and significantly associated with physical activity.","PeriodicalId":93205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research (JHSMR)","volume":"52 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135432085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The aim of the study was to employ electrospinning technology to fabricate aligned nanofibrous scaffolds of polycaprolactone (PCL) containing folic acid (FA) for nerve tissue engineering. Material and Methods: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assess the diameter distribution and degree of alignment of the nanofibers. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) were used to analyze the chemical and crystalline structures of the scaffold. Additionally, the content and release behavior of FA in the PCL fibrous scaffolds were examined. Finally, the biocompatibility of the scaffolds was evaluated using rat Schwann cells, assessing cell proliferation, alignment, and morphology. Results: The study revealed that the nanofiber diameters ranged from 210.07 to 227.36 nm, and the scaffolds maintained an amorphous form with no effects on their chemical structure following the electrospinning process. The investigation demonstrated that PCL fibers could accommodate FA loading within a range of 99.25-102.49% w/w and that the release profile of FA followed Higuchi model. Moreover, the FA-containing PCL nanofibrous scaffolds significantly enhanced rat Schwann cell proliferation during the initial two days of culture when compared to a normal PCL nanofiber scaffold. The hydrophilic properties of folic acid are thought to have facilitated directional growth along the electrospun nanofibers, contributing to the observed results. Conclusion: Finally, PCL-containing FA nanofibrous scaffolds may be applicable to nerve tissue engineering.
{"title":"Electrospinning of Polycaprolactone Nanofibrous Scaffolds Containing Folic Acid for Nerve Tissue Engineering","authors":"Rattanan Thaitrong, Praneet Opanasopit, Natthan Charernsriwilaiwat","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.20231007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.20231007","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of the study was to employ electrospinning technology to fabricate aligned nanofibrous scaffolds of polycaprolactone (PCL) containing folic acid (FA) for nerve tissue engineering. Material and Methods: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assess the diameter distribution and degree of alignment of the nanofibers. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) were used to analyze the chemical and crystalline structures of the scaffold. Additionally, the content and release behavior of FA in the PCL fibrous scaffolds were examined. Finally, the biocompatibility of the scaffolds was evaluated using rat Schwann cells, assessing cell proliferation, alignment, and morphology. Results: The study revealed that the nanofiber diameters ranged from 210.07 to 227.36 nm, and the scaffolds maintained an amorphous form with no effects on their chemical structure following the electrospinning process. The investigation demonstrated that PCL fibers could accommodate FA loading within a range of 99.25-102.49% w/w and that the release profile of FA followed Higuchi model. Moreover, the FA-containing PCL nanofibrous scaffolds significantly enhanced rat Schwann cell proliferation during the initial two days of culture when compared to a normal PCL nanofiber scaffold. The hydrophilic properties of folic acid are thought to have facilitated directional growth along the electrospun nanofibers, contributing to the observed results. Conclusion: Finally, PCL-containing FA nanofibrous scaffolds may be applicable to nerve tissue engineering.","PeriodicalId":93205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research (JHSMR)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135634628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Increasing stray dog populations have transformed stray dog issues from a third-world problem to a global public health priority. This study aimed to determine factors related to feeding stray dogs and other factors that can impact stray dog-related issues. Material and Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Songkhla, Thailand, from the 4th to the 29th of January 2021. Data was collected via phone interviews. Logistic regression was performed to measure the association between the independent variables and problems related to stray dogs. Results: Among 168 participants, 137 (81.5%) reported having experienced a negative impact in connection with problems caused by stray dogs. The most common problem was garbage scavenging (62.5%), which predominantly occurred between 18:00 and midnight. Feeding stray dogs was significantly associated with stray dog-related problems (odds ratio [OR]=3.94 with a 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26-17.41). Conclusion: Providing food to stray dogs causes problems and is also prohibited by law. It is important for media, community leaders, and other influential groups to create awareness and foster cooperation among communities to address this issue.
{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Feeding Stray Dogs on Stray Dog-Related Issues: A Community-Based Study in Songkhla, Thailand","authors":"Afia Saree, Anda Klinpikul, Apissara Kongchu, Arya Wongaree, Bussabong Navykarn, Chaowanet Songsakul, Chayapa Kongsuwan, Chuttama Kiewlek, Hillmee Waesalaemae, Isarawadee Sarasutjari, Jehrusdee Benjama, Napak Thongprasert, Nathchanon Sukchaiya, Nititon Suksai, Pakjira Jongthitinon, Pattiya Chorueangsak, Pattamaporn Kiattisaksophon, Pawanya Boonbandan, Phansang Sanguthai, Ponnapat Apiwatgaroon, Pornlapat Rattanakhot, Prapasiri Poomivanichakij, Sattawat Kao-ian, Supatcha Thongchai, Surathep Ongprakobkul, Tanabadee Sritulakan, Thanatcha Saisrikosol, Sikarin Sae Jong, Jutapoln Sunghan, Panya Chamroonkiadtikun, Polathep Vichitkunakorn","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.20231008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.20231008","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Increasing stray dog populations have transformed stray dog issues from a third-world problem to a global public health priority. This study aimed to determine factors related to feeding stray dogs and other factors that can impact stray dog-related issues. Material and Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Songkhla, Thailand, from the 4th to the 29th of January 2021. Data was collected via phone interviews. Logistic regression was performed to measure the association between the independent variables and problems related to stray dogs. Results: Among 168 participants, 137 (81.5%) reported having experienced a negative impact in connection with problems caused by stray dogs. The most common problem was garbage scavenging (62.5%), which predominantly occurred between 18:00 and midnight. Feeding stray dogs was significantly associated with stray dog-related problems (odds ratio [OR]=3.94 with a 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26-17.41). Conclusion: Providing food to stray dogs causes problems and is also prohibited by law. It is important for media, community leaders, and other influential groups to create awareness and foster cooperation among communities to address this issue.","PeriodicalId":93205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research (JHSMR)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135635434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Ya-Gae-Bid-Na-Ron (YGBNR).Material and Methods: YGBNR formulations were prepared using kratom collected from different provinces in Thailand. Mitragynine content was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), while total phenolic content (TPC), total tannin content (TTC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) were determined using colorimetric methods. Antioxidant power was estimated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of YGBNR were determined using a broth dilution technique and plating of the bacterial solution, respectively.Results: Mitragynine content, TPC, TTC, and TFC varied among different sources of kratom. DPPH assay indicated that YGBNR had an average IC50 of 0.44±0.04 mg/mL, and the FRAP assay ranged from 61.48±0.55 to 102.98±0.94 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE), per gram of dry extract. YGBNR extracts did not exhibit any antibacterial activity. However, the volatile oil fraction showed MIC against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at a concentration of 3 mg/mL.Conclusion: Phytochemical analysis revealed the abundance of phenolic compounds in YGBNR. YGBNR exhibits promising antioxidant potential, but does not exert any antibacterial activity.
{"title":"Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Kratom-Containing Formulations of Ya-Gae-Bid-Na-Ron","authors":"Suhaila Doloh, Boonsong Wungsintaweekul, Juraithip Wungsintaweekul","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.20231006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.20231006","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Ya-Gae-Bid-Na-Ron (YGBNR).Material and Methods: YGBNR formulations were prepared using kratom collected from different provinces in Thailand. Mitragynine content was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), while total phenolic content (TPC), total tannin content (TTC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) were determined using colorimetric methods. Antioxidant power was estimated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of YGBNR were determined using a broth dilution technique and plating of the bacterial solution, respectively.Results: Mitragynine content, TPC, TTC, and TFC varied among different sources of kratom. DPPH assay indicated that YGBNR had an average IC50 of 0.44±0.04 mg/mL, and the FRAP assay ranged from 61.48±0.55 to 102.98±0.94 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE), per gram of dry extract. YGBNR extracts did not exhibit any antibacterial activity. However, the volatile oil fraction showed MIC against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at a concentration of 3 mg/mL.Conclusion: Phytochemical analysis revealed the abundance of phenolic compounds in YGBNR. YGBNR exhibits promising antioxidant potential, but does not exert any antibacterial activity.","PeriodicalId":93205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research (JHSMR)","volume":"104 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The objective of this research was to design and develop nanoparticles containing α-mangostin (α-MG) for wound applications. Material and Methods: The nanoparticles were composed of polycaprolactone (PCL) and Eudragit® S 100 (EDG), with 10% wt of α-MG; wherein, the optimal compositions of the nanoparticles were studied using a mixture-typed simplex lattice design. The amount of PCL (5-20 milligram/milliliter (mg/mL)) and EDG (5-20 mg/mL) were varied, and the effects of the components toward particle size, size distribution, zeta potential; drug content, and drug release were examined. The physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles were analyzed using a zetasizer. The content of α-MG was quantified using High Pressure Liquid Chromatography. Results: It was found that the nanoparticles having different mixtures of PCL and EDG did not affect the physicochemical properties nor the drug content. However, the release of α-MG can be tuned by varying the nanoparticle composition. Formulations with higher EDG showed greater drug release at pH 7.4, because of the polymer dissolution at a specified pH. The composition of the optimized formulation composed of 16.5 mg/mL of EDG and 8.5 mg/mL of PCL. The optimized nanoparticle showed a controlled release profile of up to 12 h, which was superior to the α-MG solution. Conclusion: The developed nanoparticles of PCL and EDG can be considered as a promising platform to deliver α-MG for wound applications.
{"title":"Design and Development of Nanoparticles Containing α-Mangostin for Wound Application","authors":"Peerapat Chidchai, Kanokwan Singpanna, Kamonchai Ketduang, Aristarn Uamjan, Prasopchai Patrojanasophon, Chaiyakarn Pornpitchanarong","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.20231005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.20231005","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this research was to design and develop nanoparticles containing α-mangostin (α-MG) for wound applications. Material and Methods: The nanoparticles were composed of polycaprolactone (PCL) and Eudragit® S 100 (EDG), with 10% wt of α-MG; wherein, the optimal compositions of the nanoparticles were studied using a mixture-typed simplex lattice design. The amount of PCL (5-20 milligram/milliliter (mg/mL)) and EDG (5-20 mg/mL) were varied, and the effects of the components toward particle size, size distribution, zeta potential; drug content, and drug release were examined. The physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles were analyzed using a zetasizer. The content of α-MG was quantified using High Pressure Liquid Chromatography. Results: It was found that the nanoparticles having different mixtures of PCL and EDG did not affect the physicochemical properties nor the drug content. However, the release of α-MG can be tuned by varying the nanoparticle composition. Formulations with higher EDG showed greater drug release at pH 7.4, because of the polymer dissolution at a specified pH. The composition of the optimized formulation composed of 16.5 mg/mL of EDG and 8.5 mg/mL of PCL. The optimized nanoparticle showed a controlled release profile of up to 12 h, which was superior to the α-MG solution. Conclusion: The developed nanoparticles of PCL and EDG can be considered as a promising platform to deliver α-MG for wound applications.","PeriodicalId":93205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research (JHSMR)","volume":"284 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135273653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This research aimedto evaluate the effects of chitosan and poloxamer 407 on in vitro cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and antimicrobial activities of 0.3% w/v benzydamine hydrochloride (HCl) oromucosal solutions.Material and Methods: The effects of three alcohol-free benzydamine HCl oromucosal formulations; containing: 1) 0.5% w/v chitosan, 2) 15% w/v poloxamer 407, and 3) a combination of 0.5% w/v chitosan and 15% w/v poloxamer 407, on in vitro cytotoxicity and biological activities were evaluated and compared to a commercial benzydamine HCl mouth spray, containing alcohol and 0.12% chlorhexidine solution.Results: All alcohol-free benzydamine HCl formulations and their vehicles were less cytotoxic to the macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line than the commercial spray and to the human gingival fibroblast cell line than chlorhexidine, respectively. The formulation containing 0.5% w/v chitosan exhibited the highest wound healing activity on the fibroblast cells among all tested products, and showed anti-inflammatory activity on macrophage cells, which is comparable to benzydamine HCl. Furthermore, from the time-kill assay, this formulation completely inhibited Streptococcus mutans within 1 minute, similar to 0.12% chlorhexidine solution, and reduced the cell number of Candida albicans more rapidly than the commercial spray.Conclusion: The alcohol-free benzydamine HCl solution containing 0.5% w/v chitosan as a mucoadhesive polymer is a promising oral care candidate, which is safe to be used, and has wound healing, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities.
{"title":"In Vitro Bioactivities of Alcohol-Free Benzydamine Oromucosal Solutions","authors":"Suwipa Ungphaiboon, Sutasinee Ardhanwanich, Sonsawan Kongpuckdee, Duangkhae Maneenuan, Teerapol Srichana","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.20231002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.20231002","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This research aimedto evaluate the effects of chitosan and poloxamer 407 on in vitro cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and antimicrobial activities of 0.3% w/v benzydamine hydrochloride (HCl) oromucosal solutions.Material and Methods: The effects of three alcohol-free benzydamine HCl oromucosal formulations; containing: 1) 0.5% w/v chitosan, 2) 15% w/v poloxamer 407, and 3) a combination of 0.5% w/v chitosan and 15% w/v poloxamer 407, on in vitro cytotoxicity and biological activities were evaluated and compared to a commercial benzydamine HCl mouth spray, containing alcohol and 0.12% chlorhexidine solution.Results: All alcohol-free benzydamine HCl formulations and their vehicles were less cytotoxic to the macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line than the commercial spray and to the human gingival fibroblast cell line than chlorhexidine, respectively. The formulation containing 0.5% w/v chitosan exhibited the highest wound healing activity on the fibroblast cells among all tested products, and showed anti-inflammatory activity on macrophage cells, which is comparable to benzydamine HCl. Furthermore, from the time-kill assay, this formulation completely inhibited Streptococcus mutans within 1 minute, similar to 0.12% chlorhexidine solution, and reduced the cell number of Candida albicans more rapidly than the commercial spray.Conclusion: The alcohol-free benzydamine HCl solution containing 0.5% w/v chitosan as a mucoadhesive polymer is a promising oral care candidate, which is safe to be used, and has wound healing, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities.","PeriodicalId":93205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research (JHSMR)","volume":"33 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135808731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This study aimed to compare the diagnostic ability of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and CECT combined with non-contrast computed tomography (NCT) for intraabdominal organ injury in patients with blunt abdominal injury.Material and Methods: Overall, 195 adult patients having had blunt abdominal trauma underwent CT at this institution; from 2016 and 2021. All CT images were retrospectively reviewed by two radiologists. The efficacy of detection of organ injuries and the degree of intra-abdominal injury were recorded. The radiologists scored their diagnostic confidence for each CT image dataset on a five-point scale: inter-observer agreement was also calculated.Results: All included patients underwent CT for blunt abdominal trauma. The most common cause of injury was motorcycle accident (59.5%), with patients being predominantly male: the mean patient age was 44 years. Hemoperitoneum was the most common CT finding, with a significantly higher detection rate on CECT combined with NCT than on CECT alone. There was no statistically significant difference in the diagnostic efficacy of the detected organ injury nor other types of organ injuries between CECT alone and CECT combined with NCT. Nevertheless, the accuracy of CECT in detecting hemoperitoneum may diminish in patients with severe fatty liver disease; especially in the perihepatic region.Conclusion: CECT alone is a potential tool for detecting abdominal injuries in patients with blunt trauma. NCT provides no additional benefits in detecting organ injury; except in cases of severe fatty liver disease. NCT is recommended as an optional protocol; particularly for patients with obesity.
{"title":"Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography Versus Contrast and Non-contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography for Detecting Blunt Abdominal Injury","authors":"Kornkanok Naraweerawut, Kamonwon Cattapan, Panjai Choochuen, Khanin Khanungwanitkul","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.20231003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.20231003","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to compare the diagnostic ability of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and CECT combined with non-contrast computed tomography (NCT) for intraabdominal organ injury in patients with blunt abdominal injury.Material and Methods: Overall, 195 adult patients having had blunt abdominal trauma underwent CT at this institution; from 2016 and 2021. All CT images were retrospectively reviewed by two radiologists. The efficacy of detection of organ injuries and the degree of intra-abdominal injury were recorded. The radiologists scored their diagnostic confidence for each CT image dataset on a five-point scale: inter-observer agreement was also calculated.Results: All included patients underwent CT for blunt abdominal trauma. The most common cause of injury was motorcycle accident (59.5%), with patients being predominantly male: the mean patient age was 44 years. Hemoperitoneum was the most common CT finding, with a significantly higher detection rate on CECT combined with NCT than on CECT alone. There was no statistically significant difference in the diagnostic efficacy of the detected organ injury nor other types of organ injuries between CECT alone and CECT combined with NCT. Nevertheless, the accuracy of CECT in detecting hemoperitoneum may diminish in patients with severe fatty liver disease; especially in the perihepatic region.Conclusion: CECT alone is a potential tool for detecting abdominal injuries in patients with blunt trauma. NCT provides no additional benefits in detecting organ injury; except in cases of severe fatty liver disease. NCT is recommended as an optional protocol; particularly for patients with obesity.","PeriodicalId":93205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research (JHSMR)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135872196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：