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Xylene Isomerization using Hierarchically Mesoporous ZSM-5 分级介孔ZSM-5的二甲苯异构化

Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis

Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.19270

Ahmed El Fadaly, M. A. Sayed, Ahmed O. Abo El Naga, Mohamed El Saied, Seham Ali Shaban, Fouad I. Elhosiny

The current study described the synthesis of H-ZSM-5 zeolites with hierarchical micro-meso- porosity (HM-ZSM-5-x) via the soft-templating route, employing organosilane surfactant, 3-[(trimethoxysilyl) propyl]octyldimethyl-ammonium chloride, as the mesoporous template. The catalytic performance was examined in the isomerization of o-xylene in a fixed-bed reactor at atmospheric pressure. Many techniques were conducted to characterize the catalysts. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) results affirmed that all mesoporous zeolites possess the characteristic MFI structure, as well as good crystallinity. The N2 physisorption measurements signified that all HM-ZSM-5-x samples have higher surface areas and pore volumes than the micro-ZSM-5 sample, with the mesopores accounting for the vast majority of the total surface areas and pore volumes of HM-ZSM-5-x samples. Moreover, the mesoporosity of the obtained HM-ZSM-5-x zeolites can be simply tuned via the variation of the amount of TPOAC used. Compared with classical micro-ZSM-5, the HM-ZSM-5-0.15 sample possessed a higher o-xylene conversion and p-xylene yield that was attributed to its remarkable textural characteristics in terms of higher surface area and prevailing mesoporous character that led to a reduced diffusion limitation. Importantly, the catalyst manifested superb operational stability within 50 h, indicating high resistance against deactivation through coke deposition. Copyright © 2023 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

本研究以有机硅烷表面活性剂3-[(三甲氧基硅基)丙基]辛基二甲基氯化铵为介孔模板剂，采用软模板法合成了H-ZSM-5级微介孔分子筛(HM-ZSM-5-x)。在常压固定床反应器中考察了邻二甲苯异构化的催化性能。采用多种技术对催化剂进行了表征。x射线衍射(XRD)和红外傅立叶变换(FTIR)结果证实，所有介孔分子筛均具有MFI结构特征，结晶度良好。N2物理吸附测量结果表明，HM-ZSM-5-x样品的比表面积和孔体积均高于micro-ZSM-5样品，其中介孔占HM-ZSM-5-x样品总比表面积和孔体积的绝大部分。此外，所得的HM-ZSM-5-x分子筛的介孔率可以通过改变TPOAC的用量来调节。与经典的微zsm -5相比，HM-ZSM-5-0.15样品具有更高的邻二甲苯转化率和对二甲苯产率，这是由于其显著的结构特征，即更高的表面积和普遍的介孔特性，从而降低了扩散限制。重要的是，该催化剂在50 h内表现出极好的操作稳定性，表明具有很高的抗积炭失活能力。版权所有©2023作者，BCREC集团出版。这是一篇基于CC BY-SA许可(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)的开放获取文章。

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Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis

Pub Date : 2023-08-20 DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.19842

Istadi Istadi

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Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis

Pub Date : 2023-08-20 DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.19873

Istadi Istadi

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Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction Activity of a New Gd(III) Coordination Polymer with 6-Phenylpyridine-2-carboxylic acid and 4,4’-Bipyridine Ligands 6-苯基吡啶-2-羧酸- 4,4′-联吡啶配体新型Gd(III)配位聚合物的合成、结构表征及光催化CO2还原活性

Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis

Pub Date : 2023-08-09 DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.19540

Xi-Shi Tai, Yuan-Fang Wang, Li-Hua Wang, Xi-Hai Yan

A new Gd(III) coordination polymer, {[Gd(L1)3(H2O)2]∙L2}n (1) (HL1 = 6-phenylpyridine-2-carboxylic acid, L2 = 4,4’-bipyridine) was synthesized using 6-phenylpyridine-2-carboxylic acid, 4,4’-bipyridine, NaOH and GdCl3∙6H2O. The structure of Gd(III) coordination polymer has been characterized by IR and X-ray single crystal diffraction. The result of single crystal analysis indicates that fundamental unit of Gd(III) coordination polymer contains one Gd(III) ion, three L1 ligands, two coordinated water molecules and one uncoordinated 4,4’-bipyridine. In 1, the Gd(III) ion is eight-coordinated and surrounded by six O atoms from three L1 ligands and two O atoms from two coordinated water molecules, respectively. The complex 1 exhibits 1D chained structure by the bridging interactions of two carboxyl-oxygen atoms and O−H∙∙∙N hydrogen bonds interactions. The 1D chains are further connected by - stacking interactions to form 3D network architecture. The photocatalytic CO2 reduction activity of complex 1 has also been investigated. The complex 1 exhibits good CO2 reduction activity. With the increase of time, the yield of CO from 18.2 mmol/g in the first hour to 60.3 mmol/g in the third hour. And the CO selectivity has reached 100%. Copyright © 2023 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

以6-苯基吡啶-2-羧酸、4,4 ' -联吡啶、NaOH和GdCl3∙6H2O为原料合成了新型Gd(III)配位聚合物{[Gd(L1)3(H2O)2]∙L2}n (1) (HL1 = 6-苯基吡啶-2-羧酸，L2 = 4,4 ' -联吡啶)。用红外光谱和x射线单晶衍射对Gd(III)配位聚合物的结构进行了表征。单晶分析结果表明，Gd(III)配位聚合物的基本单元包含1个Gd(III)离子、3个L1配体、2个配位水分子和1个不配位的4,4′-联吡啶。在1中，Gd(III)离子是8配位的，分别被来自3个L1配体的6个O原子和来自2个配位水分子的2个O原子包围。配合物1通过两个羧基氧原子的桥接相互作用和O−H∙∙N氢键相互作用呈现出1D链式结构。一维链通过叠加相互作用进一步连接，形成三维网络结构。研究了配合物1的光催化CO2还原活性。配合物1具有良好的CO2还原活性。随着时间的增加，CO的产率从第1 h的18.2 mmol/g提高到第3 h的60.3 mmol/g。CO选择性达到100%。版权所有©2023作者，BCREC集团出版。这是一篇基于CC BY-SA许可(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)的开放获取文章。

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Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis

Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.18018

Istadi Istadi

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Frontmatter (Front Cover, Editorial Team, Indexing, and Table of Contents) 封面(封面、编辑团队、索引、目录)

Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis

Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.18017

Istadi Istadi

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4. Engineering technology 4. 工程技术

Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis

Pub Date : 2020-02-10 DOI: 10.1515/9783110614435-004

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Frontmatter

Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis

Pub Date : 2020-02-10 DOI: 10.1515/9783110614435-fm

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Preface to the first edition 第一版的序言

Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis

Pub Date : 2020-02-10 DOI: 10.1515/9783110614435-202

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Index 指数

Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis

Pub Date : 2020-02-10 DOI: 10.1515/9783110614435-007

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