Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine最新文献

The anxiolytic effects of Gly-His-Lys-Pro-Gly-Pro peptide (GHK-PGP) and its proline-containing analogs were studied in a test with punished behavior. Peptides Gly-His-Lys (GHK), Pro-Gly-Pro (PGP), GHK-PGP, Gly-His-Lys-Gly-Pro (GHK-GP), and Gly-His-Lys-Pro (GHK-P) were used. Anxiolytic activity was assessed in the Vogel conflict test. The peptide GHK had no anxiolytic effect, while PGP and GHK-PGP produced an anxiolytic effect in certain doses. Presumably, the anxiolytic effect of the peptide GHK-PGP is determined by the action of PGP in the absence of the blocking effect of GHK. The peptides GHK-P and GHK-GP also had anxiolytic effects, which may indicate the presence of anxiolytic activity in various proline-containing amino acid sequences attached to GHK.

The monocrotaline (MCT) rat model of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) was employed to assess the effects of hindlimb denervation (HLD) on the weight of the lungs, heart, and heart subdivisions, as well as the parameters of circulation system and survival of the rats. MCT significantly increased the weight of the lungs, increased weight of the right ventricle of the heart as a trend, and significantly decreased the left ventricle weight. HLD significantly decreased the right ventricle weight, but did not change the left ventricle weight. HLD performed in MCT-treated rats normalized the lung weight, but did not change the weight of both ventricles in comparison with those in the group of MCT-treated rats. HLD significantly decreased the mean systemic BP in comparison with the control. MCT elevated the mean pressure in the right ventricle, whereas HLD performed in MCT-treated rats normalized this parameter. HLD increased the lifetime of rats with PAH by 25% despite of MCT-induced pulmonary hemorrhage, which is non-typical for PAH in humans. The results highlight the therapeutic vista for PAH and systemic arterial hypertension based on transient blockade of the somatic nerves according to Vishnevsky in contrast to precarious denervation of renal or pulmonary arteries. The alternative non-denervation methods to retard the development of PAH in patients expecting the donor material for transplantation of the lungs and heart are discussed.

An immunohistochemical study of connexin-43 (Cx43) was carried out in the myocardium of the left ventricle of 6-month-old rats born one day preterm. Using computer morphometry, the relative area of immunopositive staining was determined. The intensity of immunopositive staining was evaluated spectrophotometrically. It was shown that in preterm born 6-month-old rats, Cx43 is located in the region of intercalated discs. However, the relative area, as well as the intensity of Cx43-positive staining in this case was lower than in full-term animals. Thus, preterm birth affects the expression of Cx43 in the myocardium in the late postnatal period.

The correlation between the products of oxidative modification of lipids, proteins, DNA and sleep quality and the presence of the methanogen Methanosphaera stadtmanae in the intestine was assessed in 98 menopausal women. Higher levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and end-products of protein oxidation were found in the group with sleep disorders (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) in comparison with the control in the sample with M. stadtmanae in the intestine. The presence of this microorganism is associated with a lower level of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the total sample, as well as in the control group, while for the group with sleep disorders, M. stadtmanae is associated with a higher level of TBARS and Schiff bases. The results indicate possible interaction between M. stadtmanae from the intestine and oxidative processes in the body.

We studied the effect of an anthocyanin-containing complex from Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott on the main indicators of erythropoiesis in the peripheral blood and bone marrow of mice with Lewis lung carcinoma against the background of doxorubicin treatment. It was found that administration of the anthocyanin-containing complex from A. melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott to tumor-bearing animals prevents the development of anemic syndrome via stimulation of the erythropoiesis recovery after its inhibition by the cytostatic agent. The mechanisms of erythropoiesis stimulation by the plant-derived complex involve systems of local and distant regulation of proliferation and differentiation of committed erythroid progenitor cells.

The study examined the effects of a plant product artemisinin (ARS) on epithelial-mesenchymal transition and drug resistance in cervical cancer cells mediated via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. ARS inhibited invasion and migration of CaSki and HeLa cancer cells, up-regulated expression of ICAM-1, MMP-9, and E-cadherin proteins, as well as down-regulated expression of vimentin. In both cell lines, ARS down-regulated mRNA and protein expression of P-glycoprotein, ATP-binding cassette transporters B and G2; it also reduced expression of β-catenin protein. In comparison with the cells treated with Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor iCRT3, the combined treatment of the cells with ARS and iCRT3 reduced their invasion and migration, down-regulated expression of MMP-9, ICAM-1, vimentin, and β-catenin proteins, as well as up-regulated expression of E-cadherin.

The main indicators of protein, purine, and lipid metabolism, enzyme activities (AST, ALT, acid phosphatase), and oxidant balance (MDA, diene conjugates, total antioxidant activity, antiradical activity, ceruloplasmin, ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol) in the blood plasma were studied in white male rats on day 21 of experimental hypokinesia. Changes in the metabolic profile were found: predominance of catabolic processes and development of oxidative stress. Administration of α-tocopherol during hypokinesia reduced the severity of its negative effect to a greater extent than treatment with ascorbic acid.

The study of the newly synthesized 4,10-di(ethoxyacetyl)-2,6,8,12-tetraacetyl-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazatetracyclo[5,5,0,03,11,05,9]dodecane (from the class of hexaazaisovyurcitanes) has revealed that the compound when administered intragastrically and intraperitoneally exhibits high antinociceptive efficacy in tests of nociception of different genesis (chemogenic, thermal, mixed) comparable and/or superior to the effect of Tramadol.

The paper is aimed to screen the target molecules of miR-12 and to further explore the mechanism of GAS5 action in prostate cancer. The expression of GPRC5B in prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP, VCaP, 22RV1, DU145, and PC3 was measured by quantitative real-time PCR with reverse transcription (RT-qPCR) and variations in GPRC5B expression were analyzed after down-regulating GAS5 or silencing miR-12. CCK8 and plate clone experiments were performed to detect changes in proliferative activity and colony-forming capacity of prostate cancer cells after down-regulating GPRC5B. After transfection of prostate cancer cells with sh-GAS5 and/or miR-12 inhibitor, the changes in GPRC5B expression were evaluated with RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Our results showed that GPRC5B was highly expressed in prostate cancer cell lines. Down-regulating of GAS5 decreased GPRC5B expression, while silencing miR-12 increased it. CCK8 and plate clone experiments showed that expression of GPRC5B increased proliferative activity and clone formation ability of prostate cancer cells. RT-qPCR and Western blotting revealed that miR-12 inhibited the promoting effect of GAS5 on GPRC5B expression. Thus, GPRC5B is directly bound to miR-12. GAS5 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of prostate cancer cells and participates in malignant progression of tumors by suppressing miR-12-mediated regulation of GPRC5B expression.

The morphological and functional parameters of the spleen development during pubertal period were studied in rats exposed to low doses of the endocrine disruptor dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) in the prenatal and postnatal periods. Despite the spleen weight and the amount of lymphoid tissue in it were similar to the control values, delayed formation of germinal centers in lymphoid nodules and impaired migration of neutrophils to the red pulp and marginal zone were revealed in DDT-exposed rats. Along with these signs, the processes of hematopoiesis were more active in the spleen, which in general indicates a delay in its functional maturation as an organ of the immune system and increases the risk of impaired development of immune reactions.