Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine最新文献

The microRNA profile in the blood plasma of menopausal women with insomnia, defined by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), was investigated in a two-stage longitudinal study, with 15 participants in each stage and a 12-month interval between them. Twelve women participated at both stages, and no individuals transitioned between groups in stage II. More than 4000 microRNAs and their isoforms were detected across the cohorts. Differential expression analysis revealed that only miR-412-5p was significantly different between the groups in both stages of the study (p < 0.05). Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that three predicted target genes of miR-412-5p (FUT4, FUT1, and ST3GAL6) are components of the glycosphingolipid biosynthesis lacto and neolacto series pathway (hsa00601) (p = 0.87 × 10_-16). These findings suggest that miR-412-5p may represent a promising molecular target for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for insomnia in menopausal women.

Using real-time PCR, changes in the gene expression of TNFα and its receptor TNFRSF1A, factors involved in the regulation of inflammatory processes and synaptic plasticity, were examined in the hippocampus, frontal cortex, and cerebellum of adult male Wistar rats following either the formation of long-term spatial memory in the Morris water maze or forced swimming stress using a comparable time protocol. An increase in Tnfa gene expression was observed in all three brain regions. In contrast, elevated Tnfrsf1a expression was detected only in the hippocampus and frontal cortex but not in the cerebellum of both trained and stressed rats in comparison with the intact controls. Notably, Tnfa expression in the hippocampus of trained animals was significantly lower than that in untrained stressed rats. Furthermore, Tnfrsf1a expression showed a negative correlation with the success rate of long-term memory formation. These findings suggest the existence of adaptive mechanisms associated with long-term memory formation that act to suppress proinflammatory signaling pathways in the brain.

Cholecystectomy alters lipid profiles and is associated with the risk of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), yet the results are ambiguous. To assess the causal effects of cholecystectomy on blood lipid levels and risks of MACCE, we performed Mendelian randomization (MR) aiming to reduce confounding. We used genetic data on gallbladder removal, lipid levels, and MACCE from public databases. MR analysis estimated causal effects using genetic variants as instruments. Enrichment analysis identified relevant metabolic pathways, while multivariable MR evaluated specific lipid subtypes. Expression Quantitative Trait Loci MR pinpointed key genes, with cellular distribution insights from single-cell sequencing. Cholecystectomy was associated with delayed onset of angina, coronary heart disease, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and stroke. The ApoB/ApoA1 ratio was a key mediator, and the LPL gene influenced lipid-related cardiovascular risk. Cholecystectomy may reduce cardiovascular risks by lowering the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio, which highlights the role of lipid regulation in mitigating cardiovascular risk post-cholecystectomy.

Coagulation hemostasis parameters were assessed in non-human primates of the genus Macaca spp. specifically Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis (age 1-34 years) housed in open enclosures at the Kurchatov Complex of Medical Primatology, National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute" under humid subtropical climatic conditions. A high degree of interspecific variability in the measured hemostatic parameters was observed among sexually mature individuals of both species. Statistically significant differences were found in the mean values of coagulation parameters between immature and mature animals. Furthermore, in the age group of 20 years and older (classified as aged animals), significant sex-dependent differences in the mean values of the studied hemostasis indicators were also detected. The quantitative reference ranges obtained in this study can serve as a baseline for interpreting hemostasiological data in laboratory studies involving these primate species.

The clinical significance of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) RASSF8-AS1 was investigated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A comparative analysis of RASSF8-AS1 expression levels was performed in 31 paired samples of tumor tissue and adjacent morphologically normal lung tissue obtained from patients with various histological subtypes of NSCLC. Significant downregulation of RASSF8-AS1 transcript levels was observed in both lung adenocarcinoma (p = 0.0094) and squamous cell carcinoma (p = 0.0005). These findings underscore the potential of RASSF8-AS1 as a molecular marker for distinguishing histological subtypes of NSCLC. Although no significant associations were found between RASSF8-AS1 expression and patient age, tumor stage, or differentiation grade, a statistically significant correlation was identified between high RASSF8-AS1 expression and reduced overall survival specifically in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (hazard ratio, HR = 6.063; p = 0.029). This suggests that lncRNA RASSF8-AS1 may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker in this subgroup. Collectively, the results indicate a possible role for RASSF8-AS1 in NSCLC pathogenesis and support its further evaluation as both a molecular target and a prognostic tool, particularly in the context of personalized therapeutic strategies for lung adenocarcinoma.

The effect of three sessions of 2-h inhalation of an argon-oxygen mixture following open craniocerebral trauma on neurological status, functional outcomes, and MRI results was evaluated in rats. Statistically significant differences were observed between the control (trauma only) and experimental group (trauma + argon-oxygen inhalation) on day 14 in limb-placing test scores, as well as in both lesion volume and hippocampal volume. The experimental group exhibited a more pronounced improvement in neurological function on days 7-14. These findings indicate that the argon-oxygen mixture exerts a significant neuroprotective effect, reduces the extent of brain injury, and promotes recovery of motor function. Notably, to achieve maximal therapeutic benefit, argon-oxygen inhalation should likely be administered not only immediately after injury but also during the subacute phase.

We assessed specific IgE levels to the major epidermal allergens of cat (Fel d 1) and dog (Can f 1) in 55 patients with clinically confirmed sensitization, using both the experimental microchip-based platform AllergochipRF and the reference ImmunoCAP system. A high degree of agreement was observed between the two platforms, with Spearman correlation coefficients of r = 0.94 for Fel d 1 and r = 0.85 for Can f 1 (p < 0.001). Differences in absolute specific IgE values were noted, which can be attributed to the distinct analytical principles of the platforms, particularly the upper measurement limit of ImmunoCAP and the broader dynamic signal range of AllergochipRF. These findings confirm the analytical comparability of the two methods and highlight the potential of AllergochipRF for expanded molecular diagnosis of sensitization and for monitoring the efficacy of allergen-specific immunotherapy.

The efficacy of drug carriers based on submicron vaterite particles in mitigating doxorubicin-induced liver damage was evaluated. The use of alginate-coated vaterite particles significantly reduced hepatic transaminase levels in rats in comparison with the control group, which received doxorubicin encapsulated in PEG-coated carriers. The incorporation of pH-sensitive vaterite carriers enabled stable retention of doxorubicin, thereby minimizing its off-target release and attenuating hepatotoxicity. These findings demonstrate the potential of alginate-coated vaterite particles to reduce the systemic toxicity associated with doxorubicin chemotherapy and highlight their promise as a platform for developing safer, more effective anticancer therapies with improved therapeutic indices.

The relative length of telomeric repeats in peripheral blood leukocytes was assessed in men with idiopathic infertility. A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from men in infertile couples, and a subgroup diagnosed with idiopathic infertility was identified. A control group of apparently healthy fertile men with proven reproductive function was also established. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole venous blood samples. Men with idiopathic infertility exhibited a significantly shorter relative telomere length reduced by approximately 40% in comparison with fertile controls (p < 0.05). This telomere shortening suggests ongoing genomic instability, likely driven by oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage. Although telomere length is emerging as a potential biomarker of male reproductive health, current evidence regarding its role in idiopathic infertility remains limited. The findings presented here highlight the need for further research to elucidate the molecular mechanisms governing telomere dynamics in the context of male infertility.

The systemic effects of thermo-photobiomodulation (TPBM) on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and influence of repeated sessions in vivo were studied. The impact of local laser irradiation (λ = 970 nm, moderate power) of rat tibial bone marrow on MSC counts in other bone marrow organs and in the spleen was evaluated. A significant temporary increase in MSCs counts after TPBM was found not only in the irradiated area, but also in distant tissues. Repeated irradiation enhanced MSC growth in the injured area compared to single session, highlighting the potential of repeated TPBM for regulating stem cell activity. These findings open prospects for developing new cell therapy methods aimed at accelerating tissue and organ regeneration.