Indian journal of mental health最新文献

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Expressed Emotions and Coping among Relapsed Persons with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome: A Comparative Study. 酒精依赖综合征复吸者情绪表达与应对的比较研究

Indian journal of mental health

Pub Date : 2021-10-01

Backiyaraj Shanmugam, Basudeb Das, Dipanjan Bhattacharjee, Sinu Ezhumalai

Background: Alcohol dependence is a global public health issue; it is a chronic and relapsing illness. Relapse is multifaceted by both neurobiological and psychosocial processes.

Aim: To examine the expressed emotions and coping among persons with alcohol dependence.

Methods: The study was descriptive and hospital-based. A purposive sampling technique was used. This study was conducted at the Centre for Addiction Psychiatry, CIP, Ranchi. The total sample size was 50. Twenty-five persons with alcohol dependence who relapsed within six months following treatment formed a study group. Another 25 persons with alcohol dependence who were abstinent for a minimum period of six months after treatment formed a comparative group. Ways of coping questionnaire and the level of expressed emotions scale were used, and informed consent was taken from the participants. Chi-square and independent sample 't' test, Pearson's correlation was used to analyse the data.

Results: Mean age of relapsed patients was 35.3 years (S.D±7.6), and abstinent patients were 35.4 yrs (S.D±6.8), years of education of relapsed patients score was 12 yrs ±2.63 and 11.6 yrs ±3.26 in abstinent patients. A majority (60% )of relapsed patients were from rural background, 92% in the abstinent group were employed. 60% of abstinent patients had a family history of alcohol dependence. Abstinent patients had scored significantly high in all the domains of ways of coping. Relapse patients had higher scores in perceived lack of emotional support, perceived irritability, perceived intrusiveness, and perceived criticism compared to abstinent patients.

Conclusion: The study provided further evidence that coping and perceived expressed emotions significantly influenced relapse among persons with alcohol dependence.

背景:酒精依赖是一个全球性的公共卫生问题;这是一种慢性反复发作的疾病。复发是多方面的，包括神经生物学和社会心理过程。目的:探讨酒精依赖者的情绪表达及应对方式。方法:本研究为描述性研究，以医院为基础。采用了有目的的抽样技术。这项研究是在兰契CIP成瘾精神病学中心进行的。总样本量为50。25名在治疗后6个月内复发的酒精依赖者组成了一个研究小组。另外25名在治疗后至少戒酒6个月的酒精依赖者组成了一个比较组。采用应对问卷和情绪表达水平量表的方式，并获取被试的知情同意。采用卡方检验和独立样本t检验，Pearson相关检验对数据进行分析。结果:复发患者的平均年龄为35.3岁(S.D±7.6)，戒断患者的平均年龄为35.4岁(S.D±6.8)，戒断患者的平均受教育年限分别为12年±2.63年和11.6年±3.26年。大多数(60%)复发患者来自农村背景，92%的戒断组被雇用。60%的戒酒患者有酒精依赖家族史。戒断患者在应对方式的所有领域得分均显著较高。与戒断患者相比，复发患者在感知情感支持的缺乏、感知易怒、感知侵入性和感知批评方面得分更高。结论:本研究进一步证明了应对和感知表达情绪对酒精依赖者复吸有显著影响。

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引用次数: 0

Original Research Article_Study of Inter-Relationship Between Perceived Workplace Discrimination, Job Stress, Mental Well-Being, And Job Performance of Teachers 教师职场歧视知觉、工作压力、心理健康与工作绩效之关系研究

Indian journal of mental health

Pub Date : 2021-09-15 DOI: 10.30877/ijmh.8.3.2021.319-329

M. Pandey, Urmila Chakraborty, Aditi Bapte

Background: This study was planned to investigate the consequences of perceived workplace discrimination on job stress, mental well-being, and teachers' job performance in higher education. A conceptual model was proposed to illustrate the relationship between the study variables. Methodology: A correlational research design was adopted, and convenience sampling was used for data collection of 200 teachers. The participants of this study represented different streams of science and arts and were asked to fill questionnaires to collect relevant information on the subject matter. Results: Results show that (a) workplace discrimination is significantly positively related to perceived job stress, negatively related to mental well-being and overall job performance. Further, stepwise regression analysis shows that perceived job stress, job tenure, and workplace discrimination explain significant contributions (job stress emerged as best predictors of job performance) to the job performance of teachers and while job stress and gender explain significant contributions (job stress again emerged as best predictors of mental well-being) to the mental well-being of teachers. Results have been discussed in light of previous studies.

背景:本研究旨在探讨工作场所歧视对高等教育教师工作压力、心理健康和工作绩效的影响。提出了一个概念模型来说明研究变量之间的关系。方法:采用相关研究设计，采用方便抽样对200名教师进行数据采集。这项研究的参与者代表了不同的科学和艺术流派，并被要求填写问卷以收集有关主题的相关信息。结果:结果表明:(a)工作场所歧视与工作压力感知显著正相关，与心理幸福感和整体工作绩效负相关。此外，逐步回归分析表明，感知工作压力、工作任期和工作场所歧视对教师的工作绩效有显著贡献(工作压力成为工作绩效的最佳预测因素)，而工作压力和性别对教师的心理幸福感有显著贡献(工作压力再次成为心理幸福感的最佳预测因素)。根据以往的研究结果进行了讨论。

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引用次数: 0

Case Report_CBT based comprehensive psychotherapy in an elderly female with resistant chronic depression. 基于cbt的综合心理治疗对老年女性顽固性慢性抑郁症的治疗效果。

Indian journal of mental health

Pub Date : 2021-09-10 DOI: 10.30877/ijmh.8.3.2021.342-346

S. Manot, Susmita Halder

Background: The population of the elderly has been on the rise in recent years and this demographic trend is likely to continue. Depression tends to be common in the elderly. Further it is possible that cognitive abilities start deteriorating as a result of depression and even more so due to several changes that are already occurring. This may impact an individual’s cognition, functionality, and autonomy, may progress from a subclinical level to a pathological level if not intervened early. Medications work to reduce symptom severity but sometimes patients become resistant to it and other interventions have to be used. CBT techniques have been found to be effective to treat depression and further efficacy of reminiscence therapy for older adults with mild to moderate depression has been established. Method: The present study was undertaken with the objective of establishing the efficacy of a comprehensive psychotherapy program for an elderly woman, aged 66 years, who presented with a diagnosis of chronic depression, along with chronic pain and sub clinical cognitive limitations. Techniques of CBT, reminiscence therapy and cognitive training was carried out for 8 weekly sessions. Results: The outcome of the intervention showed improvements in overall functioning along with generalization of the training, thereby implicating the effectiveness of the intervention. Conclusion: Thus, it is important to promote active aging, fostering healthy mental functioning and training the cognitive capabilities, to avoid pathological aging or reducing its impact.

背景:近年来，老年人口一直呈上升趋势，而这一人口趋势可能会持续下去。抑郁症在老年人中很常见。进一步说，认知能力有可能因为抑郁而开始恶化，甚至由于已经发生的一些变化而更加恶化。这可能会影响个体的认知、功能和自主性，如果不及早干预，可能会从亚临床水平发展到病理水平。药物可以减轻症状的严重程度，但有时患者会产生抗药性，因此必须使用其他干预措施。认知行为疗法(CBT)已被发现对治疗抑郁症有效，而回忆疗法对轻度至中度老年人抑郁症的进一步疗效已被确立。方法:本研究的目的是建立综合心理治疗方案对一位66岁的老年妇女的疗效，她被诊断为慢性抑郁症，同时伴有慢性疼痛和亚临床认知限制。采用CBT、回忆疗法和认知训练技术，每8周进行一次。结果:随着训练的普遍化，干预的结果显示整体功能的改善，从而暗示干预的有效性。结论:促进积极衰老，培养健康的心理功能，训练认知能力，是避免病理性衰老或减少病理性衰老影响的重要措施。

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引用次数: 0

Editorial_Functional Neuroimaging: some critical issues 功能性神经影像学:一些关键问题

Indian journal of mental health

Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.30877/ijmh.8.3.2021.243-246

K. Rupani, A. Sousa

引用次数: 0

Marital Quality in Middle Aged Women: A Qualitative study 中年妇女婚姻质量的定性研究

Indian journal of mental health

Pub Date : 2021-07-18 DOI: 10.30877/ijmh.9.2.2022.183-192

Natania Cheguvera, Siddharth Dutt

Background: Marital quality is an essential feature of family life that affects one’s wellbeing; higher marital quality is linked to less vulnerability to depression, self-rated health, less physical ailments and subjective well-being and happiness. Cross sectional studies have found low marital satisfaction and happiness in middle aged adults compared to the younger or older adults, whereas cohort studies have revealed that marital quality tends to decrease after the initial of marriage years and into the middle adulthood and then either steadies or continue to decrease after midlife. This study explored marital quality in women and the dimensions that contribute to greater marital quality in midlife stage of marriage. Methodology: The sample consisted of 15 middle aged married women. A semi-structured interview schedule was used to explore their marital quality and the dimensions related to marital quality. The interviews were analysed using content analysis method. Results: The results showed that aspects such as handling problems and disagreements, communication, having an egalitarian approach, making compromises or adjustments, support of extended family were related to better marital quality. Conclusion: The study highlights that marital enrichment programs that focus on communication between partners, problem solving strategies and effective handling of disagreements can increase the marital quality and strengthen the marital relationship.

背景:婚姻质量是影响一个人幸福的家庭生活的基本特征;更高的婚姻质量与更少的抑郁、自我评估的健康、更少的身体疾病以及主观幸福感和幸福感有关。横断面研究发现，与年轻人或老年人相比，中年人的婚姻满意度和幸福感较低，而队列研究显示，婚姻质量在结婚初期和成年中期趋于下降，然后在中年后稳定或继续下降。本研究探讨女性在婚姻中年阶段的婚姻品质，以及影响婚姻品质的因素。方法:样本由15名中年已婚妇女组成。采用半结构式访谈量表，探讨其婚姻质量及与婚姻质量相关的维度。采用内容分析法对访谈进行分析。结果:结果表明，处理问题和分歧、沟通、平等、妥协或调整、大家庭的支持等方面与更好的婚姻质量有关。结论:本研究强调注重伴侣之间沟通、问题解决策略和有效处理分歧的婚姻充实计划可以提高婚姻质量，加强婚姻关系。

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引用次数: 0

Original Research Article_The Role of Mental Imagery in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: An Explorative Study 心理意象在强迫症中的作用:一项探索性研究

Indian journal of mental health

Pub Date : 2021-07-09 DOI: 10.30877/ijmh.8.3.2021.330-338

Shrayasi Roy, Sreemoyee Tarafder, Rupam Banerjee

Background: The present study aimed to investigate how mental imagery affects the manifestation of symptoms among people with OCD, considering its impact on symptom severity. Methodology: For the said purpose, we compared people with OCD (n=30) with a clinical control group (people suffering from Schizophrenia; (n=30) and community control group (n=30). Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (assess symptom severity of OCD), Spontaneous Use of Imagery Scale (spontaneity of imagery), Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (vividness of imagery) along with Mental Clock Task (ability to generate images), Change Detection Task (maintenance of imagery), Match to Sample Task (image inspection), Mental Rotation Task (image manipulation-transformation), Ambiguous Figure Task (image restructuring) and Image Combination Task (mental synthesis) were used in the study. Results: The result suggests that there is a difference in terms of the spontaneous use of mental imagery in daily life among the three groups. Regression analysis showed that the Image Generation and Image Manipulation-Transformation capacity plays a role in the manifestation or maintenance of Obsessive and Compulsive symptoms in OCD. Both the factors independently predict the symptom severity of Obsessive Compulsive disorder, but not in Schizophrenia.

背景:本研究旨在探讨心理意象如何影响强迫症患者的症状表现，并考虑其对症状严重程度的影响。方法学:为此，我们将强迫症患者(n=30)与临床对照组(精神分裂症患者;(n=30)和社区对照组(n=30)。耶鲁布朗强迫症量表(评估强迫症症状严重程度)、自发使用图像量表(自发图像)、视觉图像生动度问卷(图像生动度)以及心理时钟任务(生成图像的能力)、变化检测任务(维持图像)、匹配样本任务(图像检查)、心理旋转任务(图像操作-转换)、研究采用模糊图形任务(图像重构)和图像组合任务(心理合成)。结果:三组学生在日常生活中自发使用心理意象方面存在差异。回归分析表明，图像生成和图像处理-转换能力在强迫症强迫症状的表现或维持中起作用。这两个因素都能独立预测强迫症的症状严重程度，但不能预测精神分裂症。

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引用次数: 0

Original Research Article_Social Media Addiction and Empathy among Emerging Adults 原创研究文章——新兴成年人的社交媒体成瘾和同理心

Indian journal of mental health

Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.30877/ijmh.8.3.2021.247-253

A. Bhojak, Vigraanth Bapu K. G.

引用次数: 0

Relationship between Attitude towards Menstruation, Self-esteem and Social Appearance Anxiety among Indian Cis-Gendered Women who Menstruate 印度顺性别经期女性月经态度、自尊与社会外貌焦虑的关系

Indian journal of mental health

Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.30877/ijmh.9.2.2022.135-141

Grishma Ashar, V. Kamat

引用次数: 0

Depression Among College Students: Prevalence And Associated Risk Factors 大学生抑郁:患病率及相关危险因素

Indian journal of mental health

Pub Date : 2021-06-27 DOI: 10.30877/ijmh.9.2.2022.193-197

Gurmanbir Singh Dhillon, Simranpreet Kaur

Background: Depression is defined as persistent presence of low mood & sadness along with decreased interest in previously rewarding activities. Various studies conducted among college students have shown prevalence of depression to be ranging from 26% to 71%. The aim of the study was assessing the prevalence of depression among college students in J&K and to see effect of associated risk factors in occurrence of depression. Methodology: Survey among college students using self-designed sociodemographic questionnaire and pre validated Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to assess prevalence of depression; Study design: Cross-sectional study; Study sample: 924; Statistical analysis: Using SPSS version 26 Results: Out of total responders, Females were 660 (71.4%). Mean age of study population was 20.82 ± 2.29. Overall prevalence of depression was 59.8% among responders (32.3% Mild, 18.2% Moderate & 9.3% were Moderately severe to Severe). Prevalence amongst females was 60.3% and amongst males 58.3%. In associated risk factors, Odds of depression among those with history of Smoking was 3.57 (1.22-10.49 95% CI); History of Depression in Family 3.43 (2.04-5.79 95% CI); Personal history of Trauma/Major Accident/Assault 2.77 (1.64-4.70 95% CI); History of Long term treatment for medical condition in subjects 2.84 (1.55-5.19 95% CI); History of Chronic illness/ Life threatening illness in 1st degree relatives 1.94 (1.07-3.50 95% CI). Conclusion: High prevalence of depression among college going students is a major cause of concern with need to focus on creating awareness about it among students and college authorities, to improve health seeking behaviour with special attention to those with history of risk factors developing depression.

背景:抑郁症被定义为持续的情绪低落和悲伤，以及对先前有益活动的兴趣下降。在大学生中进行的各种研究表明，抑郁症的患病率从26%到71%不等。本研究的目的是评估抑郁症在查谟和克什米尔地区大学生中的患病率，并观察相关风险因素对抑郁症发生的影响。方法:采用自行设计的社会人口学问卷和预验证的《患者健康问卷-9》对大学生进行抑郁患病率调查;研究设计:横断面研究;研究样本:924;统计分析:使用SPSS version 26结果:在总应答者中，女性660人(71.4%)。研究人群平均年龄为20.82±2.29岁。总体抑郁患病率为59.8%(32.3%为轻度，18.2%为中度，9.3%为中度至重度)。女性患病率为60.3%，男性患病率为58.3%。在相关危险因素中，有吸烟史者患抑郁症的几率为3.57 (95% CI 1.22-10.49);家族抑郁史3.43 (95% CI 2.04-5.79);个人创伤/重大事故/攻击史2.77 (95% CI 1.64-4.70);受试者长期治疗病史2.84例(95% CI 1.55 ~ 5.19);一级亲属慢性病史/危及生命的疾病1.94 (95% CI 1.07-3.50)。结论:大学生中抑郁症的高患病率是引起关注的主要原因，需要重点提高学生和大学当局对抑郁症的认识，改善寻求健康的行为，特别关注那些有患抑郁症风险因素历史的人。

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引用次数: 0

Social Anxiety, Self-Esteem, and Resilience among Young Adult Females 年轻成年女性社交焦虑、自尊与心理弹性的关系

Indian journal of mental health

Pub Date : 2021-06-20 DOI: 10.30877/ijmh.9.2.2022.158-164

Simran Brijwani

引用次数: 0

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