Pub Date : 2013-03-31DOI: 10.5604/17342260.1041883
Ł. Tota, W. Pilch, Małgorzata Hodur, Andrzej Sagalara
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF DIET OF YOUNG MEDIUM- AND LONG-DISTANCE RUNNERS","authors":"Ł. Tota, W. Pilch, Małgorzata Hodur, Andrzej Sagalara","doi":"10.5604/17342260.1041883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/17342260.1041883","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93474,"journal":{"name":"Medicina sportiva (Krakow, Poland : English ed.)","volume":"98 2 1","pages":"17-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73430133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-03-31DOI: 10.5604/17342260.1041894
R. N. Carpinelli
In a recent review of resistance training, the authors claimed that the sequence of performing resistance exercises in a training session is an important variable that can influence the efficiency, safety and effectiveness of a resistance training program. This Critical Examination challenges those claims and reveals that the sequence of performing resistance exercise has very little meaningful neuromuscular implication for an acute response (the ability to perform a specific number of repetitions) or any clinical application for chronic adaptations such as strength gains or muscular hypertrophy.
{"title":"DOES THE SEQUENCE OF EXERCISE IN A RESISTANCE TRAINING SESSION AFFECT STRENGTH GAINS AND MUSCULAR HYPERTROPHY? A CRITICAL EXAMINATION OF THE EVIDENCE Ralph N. Carpinelli","authors":"R. N. Carpinelli","doi":"10.5604/17342260.1041894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/17342260.1041894","url":null,"abstract":"In a recent review of resistance training, the authors claimed that the sequence of performing resistance exercises in a training session is an important variable that can influence the efficiency, safety and effectiveness of a resistance training program. This Critical Examination challenges those claims and reveals that the sequence of performing resistance exercise has very little meaningful neuromuscular implication for an acute response (the ability to perform a specific number of repetitions) or any clinical application for chronic adaptations such as strength gains or muscular hypertrophy.","PeriodicalId":93474,"journal":{"name":"Medicina sportiva (Krakow, Poland : English ed.)","volume":"32 1","pages":"37-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73888311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-03-31DOI: 10.5604/17342260.1041878
Ga Sapstead, M. Duncan
{"title":"ACUTE EFFECT OF ISOMETRIC MID-THIGH PULLS ON POSTACTIVATION POTENTIATION DURING STRETCH-SHORTENING CYCLE AND NON-STRETCH-SHORTENING CYCLE VERTICAL JUMPS","authors":"Ga Sapstead, M. Duncan","doi":"10.5604/17342260.1041878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/17342260.1041878","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93474,"journal":{"name":"Medicina sportiva (Krakow, Poland : English ed.)","volume":"37 1","pages":"7-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77225258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-03-31DOI: 10.5604/17342260.1041890
Lech Swiecicki, K. Klukowski, E. Woźniak
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF TRAINING STATUS IN ELITE BOXERS","authors":"Lech Swiecicki, K. Klukowski, E. Woźniak","doi":"10.5604/17342260.1041890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/17342260.1041890","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93474,"journal":{"name":"Medicina sportiva (Krakow, Poland : English ed.)","volume":"5 1","pages":"27-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78682505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-03-31DOI: 10.5604/17342260.1041880
B. Frączek, M. Gacek
{"title":"FREQUENCY OF CONSUMPTION OF FOOD PRODUCTS BY A GROUP OF POLISH ATHLETES IN RELATIONSHIP TO THE QUALITATIVE RECOMMENDATIONS INCLUDED IN THE SWISS FOOD PYRAMID","authors":"B. Frączek, M. Gacek","doi":"10.5604/17342260.1041880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/17342260.1041880","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93474,"journal":{"name":"Medicina sportiva (Krakow, Poland : English ed.)","volume":"85 4 1","pages":"12-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75000584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-03-31DOI: 10.5604/17342260.1041876
R. Pinto, E. Cadore, C. S. Correa, Bruna Gonçalves, Cordeiro da Silva, C. Alberton, C. Lima, A. Moraes
Objective: To investigate the relationship between strength and electromyographic (EMG) signal in different intensities in the bench press exercise. Methods: Eleven healthy resistance trained men (22.8 ± 3.5) participated into the present study. Maximal isometric strength was determined in the bench press exercise using a load cell. Muscle activation was assessed using surface elec- tromyography (EMG) signals from the muscles pectoralis major, anterior deltoid and posterior deltoid at intensities ranging to 60-90% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), in the bench press exercise. This procedure allowed the analysis of the strength/EMG relationship. Results: In all muscles assessed, there were significant differences in the normalized muscle activation between the intensities of 60 and 70% of the MVC, as well as between 70 and 80% (P<0.05), while there were no differences between 80 and 90% of MVC. In addition, there were significant correlations between strength and EMG signals for the muscles pectoralis major (r=0.43, P=0.04), anterior deltoid (r=0.52, P=0.01), and posterior deltoid (r=0.32, P=0.046). Conclusions: These results suggest that levels of muscle activation near to maximal are obtained at the intensity of 80 of MVC and no additional motor unit recruitment are achieved at 90% of MVC.
{"title":"RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORKLOAD AND NEUROMUSCULAR ACTIVITY IN THE BENCH PRESS EXERCISE","authors":"R. Pinto, E. Cadore, C. S. Correa, Bruna Gonçalves, Cordeiro da Silva, C. Alberton, C. Lima, A. Moraes","doi":"10.5604/17342260.1041876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/17342260.1041876","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the relationship between strength and electromyographic (EMG) signal in different intensities in the bench press exercise. Methods: Eleven healthy resistance trained men (22.8 ± 3.5) participated into the present study. Maximal isometric strength was determined in the bench press exercise using a load cell. Muscle activation was assessed using surface elec- tromyography (EMG) signals from the muscles pectoralis major, anterior deltoid and posterior deltoid at intensities ranging to 60-90% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), in the bench press exercise. This procedure allowed the analysis of the strength/EMG relationship. Results: In all muscles assessed, there were significant differences in the normalized muscle activation between the intensities of 60 and 70% of the MVC, as well as between 70 and 80% (P<0.05), while there were no differences between 80 and 90% of MVC. In addition, there were significant correlations between strength and EMG signals for the muscles pectoralis major (r=0.43, P=0.04), anterior deltoid (r=0.52, P=0.01), and posterior deltoid (r=0.32, P=0.046). Conclusions: These results suggest that levels of muscle activation near to maximal are obtained at the intensity of 80 of MVC and no additional motor unit recruitment are achieved at 90% of MVC.","PeriodicalId":93474,"journal":{"name":"Medicina sportiva (Krakow, Poland : English ed.)","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80047615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christof Buhl, B. Knechtle, C. Rüst, T. Rosemann, R. Lepers
Introduction: Previous studies suggested that the age of peak swim performance in freestyle swimming was ~17 years for women and ~19 years for men. However, no study investigated the age of peak swim performance in other disciplines such as individual medley. Objective: To examine the change in the age of peak individual medley performance for both elite female and male Swiss swimmers from 1994 to 2011. Methods: The change in age of peak individual medley performance was investigated for elite female and male swimmers from 1994 to 2011. For comparison, an analysis of freestyle swimming was also performed. Swim speed in 200m and 400m medley, sex and age of the top ten swimmers at national level (Switzerland) were analysed using linear regression and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The age of peak swim speed was (P 0.05). Swim performances improved for both swim styles and distances across years (P ≤ 0.03). Conclusion: The age of peak swim performance in medley and freestyle remained stable and was lower for women than for men in elite Swiss swimmers during the 1994 to 2011 period. Future studies need to investigate the age of peak swim speed in swimmers at international level in other competitive swim strokes. Key words: swim performance, gender difference, individual medley, freestyle
{"title":"Women achieve peak swim performance in individual medley at earlier ages than men","authors":"Christof Buhl, B. Knechtle, C. Rüst, T. Rosemann, R. Lepers","doi":"10.5167/UZH-79782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5167/UZH-79782","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Previous studies suggested that the age of peak swim performance in freestyle swimming was ~17 years for women and ~19 years for men. However, no study investigated the age of peak swim performance in other disciplines such as individual medley. Objective: To examine the change in the age of peak individual medley performance for both elite female and male Swiss swimmers from 1994 to 2011. Methods: The change in age of peak individual medley performance was investigated for elite female and male swimmers from 1994 to 2011. For comparison, an analysis of freestyle swimming was also performed. Swim speed in 200m and 400m medley, sex and age of the top ten swimmers at national level (Switzerland) were analysed using linear regression and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The age of peak swim speed was (P 0.05). Swim performances improved for both swim styles and distances across years (P ≤ 0.03). Conclusion: The age of peak swim performance in medley and freestyle remained stable and was lower for women than for men in elite Swiss swimmers during the 1994 to 2011 period. Future studies need to investigate the age of peak swim speed in swimmers at international level in other competitive swim strokes. Key words: swim performance, gender difference, individual medley, freestyle","PeriodicalId":93474,"journal":{"name":"Medicina sportiva (Krakow, Poland : English ed.)","volume":"23 1","pages":"54-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83238538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ultra-endurance athletes try to extend their limits in performance. In ultra-endurance races, athletes face limits in nutrition regarding both energy intake and fluid metabolism. The purpose of this review is to focus on the decrease in body mass, aspects of energy and fluid balance, and exercise-associated hyponatremia in ultra-endurance performance. An ultra-endurance performance lasting 24 hours or longer may lead to an energy deficit of approximately 7,000 kcal per day. This energy deficit may result in a decrease of body mass, including a decrease in both fat mass and skeletal muscle mass. The energy deficit cannot be completely compensated by increasing energy intake. Adequate fluid intake is required during an ultra-endurance performance to prevent dehydration. In case of fluid overload, both exercise-associated hyponatremia and swelling of limbs may occur. Limited fluid intake of approximately 300-400 ml per hour may prevent both exercise-associated hyponatremia and swelling of limbs. In summary, in ultra-endurance performances, an energy deficit seems to be unavoidable, and athletes are at risk to develop both exercise-associated hyponatremia and limb swelling in case of fluid overload.
{"title":"Nutrition in ultra-endurance racing - aspects of energy balance, fluid balance and exercise-associated hyponatremia","authors":"B. Knechtle","doi":"10.5167/UZH-92140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5167/UZH-92140","url":null,"abstract":"Ultra-endurance athletes try to extend their limits in performance. In ultra-endurance races, athletes face limits in nutrition regarding both energy intake and fluid metabolism. The purpose of this review is to focus on the decrease in body mass, aspects of energy and fluid balance, and exercise-associated hyponatremia in ultra-endurance performance. An ultra-endurance performance lasting 24 hours or longer may lead to an energy deficit of approximately 7,000 kcal per day. This energy deficit may result in a decrease of body mass, including a decrease in both fat mass and skeletal muscle mass. The energy deficit cannot be completely compensated by increasing energy intake. Adequate fluid intake is required during an ultra-endurance performance to prevent dehydration. In case of fluid overload, both exercise-associated hyponatremia and swelling of limbs may occur. Limited fluid intake of approximately 300-400 ml per hour may prevent both exercise-associated hyponatremia and swelling of limbs. In summary, in ultra-endurance performances, an energy deficit seems to be unavoidable, and athletes are at risk to develop both exercise-associated hyponatremia and limb swelling in case of fluid overload.","PeriodicalId":93474,"journal":{"name":"Medicina sportiva (Krakow, Poland : English ed.)","volume":"97 1","pages":"200-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75973335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-31DOI: 10.5604/17342260.1024776
G. Gebhardt, B. L. Gross-Bölting, K. Hess, H. Langhof, H. Ulmer
{"title":"Energy consumption and energy balance during therapeutic hiking and skiing as part of therapy for obese children in the clinic Schönsicht Berchtesgaden.","authors":"G. Gebhardt, B. L. Gross-Bölting, K. Hess, H. Langhof, H. Ulmer","doi":"10.5604/17342260.1024776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/17342260.1024776","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93474,"journal":{"name":"Medicina sportiva (Krakow, Poland : English ed.)","volume":"1 1","pages":"159-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86542191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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