Pub Date : 2011-01-01DOI: 10.2478/V10036-011-0025-X
J. Fisher, J. Steele, S. Bruce-Low, Dave Smith
Resistance training produces an array of health benefits, as well as the potential to promote muscular adaptations of strength, size, power and endurance. The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) regularly publish a position stand making recommendations for optimal achievement of the desired training goals. However, the most recent position stand (as well as previous ones) has come under heavy criticism for misrepresentation of research, lack of evidence and author bias. Therefore this paper proposes a set of scientifically rigorous resistance training guidelines, reviewing and summarising the relevant research for the purpose of proposing more logical, evidence-based training advice. We recommend that appreciably the same muscular strength and endurance adaptations can be attained by performing a single set of ~8-12 repetitions to momentary muscular failure, at a repetition duration that maintains muscular tension throughout the entire range of motion, for most major muscle groups once or twice each week. All resistance types (e.g. free-weights, resistance machines, bodyweight, etc.) show potential for increases in strength, with no significant difference between them, although resistance machines appear to pose a lower risk of injury. There is a lack of evidence to suggest that balance from free weights or use of unstable surfaces shows any transference to sporting improvement, and explosive movements are also not recommended as they present a high injury risk and no greater benefit than slow, controlled weight training. Finally, we consider genetic factors in relation to body type and growth potential.
{"title":"Evidence-based resistance training recommendations","authors":"J. Fisher, J. Steele, S. Bruce-Low, Dave Smith","doi":"10.2478/V10036-011-0025-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/V10036-011-0025-X","url":null,"abstract":"Resistance training produces an array of health benefits, as well as the potential to promote muscular adaptations of strength, size, power and endurance. The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) regularly publish a position stand making recommendations for optimal achievement of the desired training goals. However, the most recent position stand (as well as previous ones) has come under heavy criticism for misrepresentation of research, lack of evidence and author bias. Therefore this paper proposes a set of scientifically rigorous resistance training guidelines, reviewing and summarising the relevant research for the purpose of proposing more logical, evidence-based training advice. We recommend that appreciably the same muscular strength and endurance adaptations can be attained by performing a single set of ~8-12 repetitions to momentary muscular failure, at a repetition duration that maintains muscular tension throughout the entire range of motion, for most major muscle groups once or twice each week. All resistance types (e.g. free-weights, resistance machines, bodyweight, etc.) show potential for increases in strength, with no significant difference between them, although resistance machines appear to pose a lower risk of injury. There is a lack of evidence to suggest that balance from free weights or use of unstable surfaces shows any transference to sporting improvement, and explosive movements are also not recommended as they present a high injury risk and no greater benefit than slow, controlled weight training. Finally, we consider genetic factors in relation to body type and growth potential.","PeriodicalId":93474,"journal":{"name":"Medicina sportiva (Krakow, Poland : English ed.)","volume":"8 1","pages":"147-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82419989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.2478/V10036-010-0026-1
Rohaan Nirmalendran, L. Ingle
{"title":"Detraining Effect of the Post-Season on Selected Aerobic and Anaerobic Performance Variables in National League Rugby Union Players: A Focus on Positional Status","authors":"Rohaan Nirmalendran, L. Ingle","doi":"10.2478/V10036-010-0026-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/V10036-010-0026-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93474,"journal":{"name":"Medicina sportiva (Krakow, Poland : English ed.)","volume":"30 10 1","pages":"161-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84731356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.2478/V10036-010-0034-1
R. Pereira, L. Schettino, M. Machado
Introduction: Human muscle strength and the ability to develop explosive force or power are known to decrease with increasing age. Numerous exercise programs are recommended to oppose this age-related force deterioration. Dancebased exercises have been proposed for older people because they are safe and more likely to optimize adherence to a more active lifestyle. Physical and psychological benefits of a dance-based exercise routine have been reported. However, there have been no reports of the effect of dance-based exercise routines on the ability to develop explosive force. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to compare the ability to develop explosive force between older women between older women who participate in a dance-based exercise program compared to older women who do not. Methods: Twenty active (i.e., participant in dance-based exercise program for at least six months) and 20 sedentary older women were assessed for explosive force through contractile rate of torque development (RTD) (slope of force-time curve) and contractile impulse (CI) (time-integrated force) for the first second (0-250, 0-500, 0-750 and 0-1000ms) of the contraction of the dominant knee extensor of each subject. Results: The older women engaged in a dance-based exercise program demonstrated greater values of explosive force (P < 0.05) than the sedentary older women. Conclusions: It appears that a dance-based exercise program can have a positive effect on the ability to develop explosive muscular force in older women.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF MUSCULAR EXPLOSIVE FORCE IN OLDER WOMEN: INFLUENCE OF A DANCE-BASED EXERCISE ROUTINE","authors":"R. Pereira, L. Schettino, M. Machado","doi":"10.2478/V10036-010-0034-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/V10036-010-0034-1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Human muscle strength and the ability to develop explosive force or power are known to decrease with increasing age. Numerous exercise programs are recommended to oppose this age-related force deterioration. Dancebased exercises have been proposed for older people because they are safe and more likely to optimize adherence to a more active lifestyle. Physical and psychological benefits of a dance-based exercise routine have been reported. However, there have been no reports of the effect of dance-based exercise routines on the ability to develop explosive force. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to compare the ability to develop explosive force between older women between older women who participate in a dance-based exercise program compared to older women who do not. Methods: Twenty active (i.e., participant in dance-based exercise program for at least six months) and 20 sedentary older women were assessed for explosive force through contractile rate of torque development (RTD) (slope of force-time curve) and contractile impulse (CI) (time-integrated force) for the first second (0-250, 0-500, 0-750 and 0-1000ms) of the contraction of the dominant knee extensor of each subject. Results: The older women engaged in a dance-based exercise program demonstrated greater values of explosive force (P < 0.05) than the sedentary older women. Conclusions: It appears that a dance-based exercise program can have a positive effect on the ability to develop explosive muscular force in older women.","PeriodicalId":93474,"journal":{"name":"Medicina sportiva (Krakow, Poland : English ed.)","volume":"72 1","pages":"209-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75530105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.2478/V10036-010-0033-2
K. Łagowska, J. Jeszka, J. Bajerska
{"title":"The Evaluation of Nutritional Habits, Nutritional Status Triathlon's with and Without Menstrual Disorders","authors":"K. Łagowska, J. Jeszka, J. Bajerska","doi":"10.2478/V10036-010-0033-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/V10036-010-0033-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93474,"journal":{"name":"Medicina sportiva (Krakow, Poland : English ed.)","volume":"138 1","pages":"204-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73951650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.2478/V10036-010-0024-3
J. Novotný, J. Jančík, E. Matějů, K. Schneller
Five years before the death were found by athlete during preventive medicine examination some changes on ECG (negative T-waves over the right precordium and disorders of rhythm) and he was sent to pediatric cardiologist. The cardiologist has confirmed negative T-waves and has recommended following. But athlete did not come for control any more and last four years before death he did not come for preventive medical check-up at all. In communication is presented a case of the death of an adolescent soccer player due to arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia. We suppose, that resting and loading ECG examination during the preventive check-up of athlete by the physician of physical training has its justification. For the physicians of physical training we remind the meaning of careful anamnesis, clinical examination and resting and loading ECG in disclosure of this disease. From the knowledge of ARVD and of our case follows a recommendation to the athletes, their parents and coaches, that they did not underrate the risk of myocarditis and cardiomyopathy, that they pass preventive medical check-up and that they respect the recommendation of physicians. We recommend to the Universities to deal with this problems during lessons of the sport pedagogues and physicians.
{"title":"Arrhytmogenic right ventricular dysplasia - cause of death ofyoung athlete (study of cases)","authors":"J. Novotný, J. Jančík, E. Matějů, K. Schneller","doi":"10.2478/V10036-010-0024-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/V10036-010-0024-3","url":null,"abstract":"Five years before the death were found by athlete during\u0000preventive medicine examination some changes on ECG (negative\u0000T-waves over the right precordium and disorders of rhythm) and\u0000he was sent to pediatric cardiologist. The cardiologist has\u0000confirmed negative T-waves and has recommended following. But\u0000athlete did not come for control any more and last four years\u0000before death he did not come for preventive medical check-up at\u0000all. In communication is presented a case of the death of an\u0000adolescent soccer player due to arrhythmogenic right\u0000ventricular dysplasia. We suppose, that resting and loading ECG\u0000examination during the preventive check-up of athlete by the\u0000physician of physical training has its justification. For the\u0000physicians of physical training we remind the meaning of\u0000careful anamnesis, clinical examination and resting and loading\u0000ECG in disclosure of this disease. From the knowledge of ARVD\u0000and of our case follows a recommendation to the athletes, their\u0000parents and coaches, that they did not underrate the risk of\u0000myocarditis and cardiomyopathy, that they pass preventive\u0000medical check-up and that they respect the recommendation of\u0000physicians. We recommend to the Universities to deal with this\u0000problems during lessons of the sport pedagogues and physicians.","PeriodicalId":93474,"journal":{"name":"Medicina sportiva (Krakow, Poland : English ed.)","volume":"71 1","pages":"221-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84243759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.2478/V10036-010-0030-5
E. Zemková, J. Lipková, D. Hamar
{"title":"Visual Feedback Control of Body Position under Altered Stance Support Conditions in Elderly Women","authors":"E. Zemková, J. Lipková, D. Hamar","doi":"10.2478/V10036-010-0030-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/V10036-010-0030-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93474,"journal":{"name":"Medicina sportiva (Krakow, Poland : English ed.)","volume":"88 1","pages":"188-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90073536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.2478/V10036-010-0031-4
M. Willems, E. C. Webb
{"title":"Effects of wearing graduated compression garment during eccentric exercise","authors":"M. Willems, E. C. Webb","doi":"10.2478/V10036-010-0031-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/V10036-010-0031-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93474,"journal":{"name":"Medicina sportiva (Krakow, Poland : English ed.)","volume":"14 1","pages":"193-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82334946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.2478/V10036-010-0027-0
A. Kazimierczak, Mariusz Stępień, P. Gutowski, M. Śledź, M. Cnotliwy
{"title":"Willingness to Participate in Supervised Exercise Training for Secondary Prevention of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Poland","authors":"A. Kazimierczak, Mariusz Stępień, P. Gutowski, M. Śledź, M. Cnotliwy","doi":"10.2478/V10036-010-0027-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/V10036-010-0027-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93474,"journal":{"name":"Medicina sportiva (Krakow, Poland : English ed.)","volume":"39 1","pages":"169-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79875613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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