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Drawing as reflection strategy for immersive virtual reality learning to enhance students’ science outcome 绘画作为沉浸式虚拟现实学习的反思策略,提高学生的科学成果
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.29007/ggr2
Ting-Yu Hsu, Ming-Puu Chen
Immersive virtual reality (IVR) technology has a great potentiality in providing high presence and in-time interactions to simulate real learning situations by presenting 3D visualization to enhance the effectiveness of learning about biology, especially genetics topics which on a submicroscopic level including genes, chromosomes, and DNAs are abstract and cannot be directly perceived or touched. In this study, different types of media learning environments, including traditional PC-slides and IVR, such as VR-game, which were employed for experiential learning of science courses with 109 students in the middle school. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of reflection strategy and type of media on participants’ cognitive outcomes. Significant interaction between media and methods illustrated the reflection strategy enhanced learners' cognitive performance through immersive VR learning environments (IVREs), but not traditional PC-slides. By using the drawing method, the VR-game made students the most engaged in learning and focus on the key points of important concepts; non-reflection learners focused on games and their learning was easily disturbed. It was concluded that the immersive virtual reality with the specific reflection method was effective in increasing learning performance and the drawing as a generative learning strategy indeed reduced the external cognitive load of learning and promoted the effectiveness of cognitive processing.
沉浸式虚拟现实(IVR)技术具有很大的潜力,可以提供高存在感和实时交互,通过呈现3D可视化来模拟真实的学习情况,以提高学习生物学的有效性,特别是在亚微观水平上的遗传学主题,包括基因,染色体和dna是抽象的,不能直接感知或触摸。本研究采用不同类型的媒体学习环境,包括传统的PC-slides和VR-game等IVR,对109名中学生进行科学课程的体验式学习。本研究的目的是探讨反思策略和媒介类型对被试认知结果的影响。媒介和方法之间的显著互动表明,反思策略通过沉浸式VR学习环境(IVREs)提高了学习者的认知表现,而传统的pc幻灯片却没有。vr游戏通过绘图的方式,使学生在学习中最投入,最专注于重要概念的重点;非反思型学习者专注于游戏,他们的学习很容易受到干扰。结果表明,具有特定反射方法的沉浸式虚拟现实能够有效提高学习成绩,而绘画作为一种生成性学习策略确实减少了学习的外部认知负荷,提高了认知加工的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
MakeITeasy : guiding higher education actors to take ownership of the development and strengthening of their digital skills MakeITeasy:引导高等教育从业者掌握发展和加强其数字技能的主动权
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.29007/l3x9
L. Moccozet, Giulia Ortoleva, Patrick Roth, Arik Levy, Elsa-Line Huwyler, M. Aristides
The MakeITeasy platform is the backbone of the University of Geneva's "Digital Skills" institutional project. The objective of the system is to allow the actors, students, teachers, researchers, administrative and technical staff to develop and strengthen their digital skills. It is a matter of allowing individuals to evaluate themselves to self-regulate. The design of the platform is organized around a framework of digital skills, which is based on the DigComp framework of the European Commission and the Digital Capabilities Framework of JISC. The MakeITeasy platform is organized around four components: 1) a self-positioning test, allowing people to situate themselves in the reference framework; this test produces 2) an individual digital skills profile, which offers then to compare oneself to 3) target profiles to be reached; and finally, 4) a recommendation system which lists training courses to fill the gaps in one's skills. The platform is currently being developed for the students, doctoral students, and teacher populations. The self-positioning tool covers the generic competencies of the reference framework in its entirety while being as concise as possible so that it can be completed in full. The questions are based on occupational situations because the context to which they are attached makes it easier to assess the mastery of the skill by different categories of members of the university community. The tool presents the same generic competency at least three times in different scenarios and uses the responses to the three situations to decide the level of mastery. The test situations and questions as well as the entire platform were evaluated by various user tests.
MakeITeasy平台是日内瓦大学“数字技能”机构项目的支柱。该系统的目标是使演员、学生、教师、研究人员、行政和技术人员能够发展和加强他们的数字技能。这是一个允许个人自我评估和自我调节的问题。该平台的设计是围绕数字技能框架组织的,该框架基于欧盟委员会的DigComp框架和JISC的数字能力框架。MakeITeasy平台由四个部分组成:1)自我定位测试,允许人们将自己定位在参考框架中;这个测试产生了2)个人数字技能档案,它提供了一个比较自己的目标档案;最后,4)一个推荐系统,它列出了培训课程,以填补一个人的技能空白。该平台目前正在为学生、博士生和教师群体开发。自我定位工具涵盖了整个参考框架的一般能力,同时尽可能简明扼要,以便能够全面完成。这些问题是基于职业情境的,因为它们所附带的背景使得评估大学社区中不同类别成员对技能的掌握程度更容易。该工具在不同的场景中呈现相同的通用能力至少三次,并使用对三种情况的反应来决定掌握的水平。通过各种用户测试对测试场景和问题以及整个平台进行了评估。
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引用次数: 0
Make Simulatable 3D Cable Model from Single RGB Image 从单个RGB图像制作可模拟的3D电缆模型
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.29007/ld71
Fan Zheming, Hayashi Toyohiro, Ohashi Takeshi
With the development of the times, use the electrical devices is essential for our daily live. For using these devices, we need cables to charge or connect them. So, for people, the cables can be found almost everywhere. The cables also bring new problems, like the cables always appear in a messy form with crosses and knots. We have to tidy up the cables before using them and this is a time-consuming and tedious task. And in colleges and companies where have a large number of cables, when we clean the room or laboratory, we can always find these cables are annoying. For this reason we think that it would make our daily live more convenient to use robots to manipulate and untie the cables. Therefore, for manipulating and untying the cables, this paper proposes a method which can convert the 2D cable data from image into 3D cable data in Unity3D, where the 3D cable model is movable and can simulate the real cable, we call this 3D cable model the “Simulatable Cable Model”. In our approach, we use 2D and 3D neural networks to recover the 3D position information of the cable from the input image, then adjust this 3D position information to increase it's accuracy, and finally create the “simulatable cable model” in Unity3D. The “Simulatable Cable Model” provides a new way to manipulate the cables, that is, to simulate the actions in the virtual environment and then apply it in the real world. Such a method can be used not only to support people daily life with robots, but also can be used to arrange cables in the workplace like factories and so on. We believe that our research is applicable and helpful to the recognition and manipulation of all cord-like objects, and will also be useful in the field of recognizing and manipulating soft objects.
随着时代的发展,使用电子设备对我们的日常生活是必不可少的。为了使用这些设备,我们需要电缆来充电或连接它们。所以,对于人们来说,电缆几乎无处不在。电缆也带来了新的问题,比如电缆总是以凌乱的形式出现,有十字和结。我们在使用电缆之前必须整理电缆,这是一项耗时又乏味的工作。而在拥有大量电缆的大学和公司,当我们打扫房间或实验室时,我们总是会发现这些电缆很烦人。出于这个原因,我们认为使用机器人来操作和解开电缆会使我们的日常生活更加方便。因此,为了操作和解绑电缆,本文提出了一种将二维电缆数据从图像转换为三维电缆数据的方法,其中三维电缆模型是可移动的,可以模拟真实电缆,我们称这种三维电缆模型为“可模拟电缆模型”。在我们的方法中,我们使用2D和3D神经网络从输入图像中恢复电缆的3D位置信息,然后调整该3D位置信息以提高其准确性,最后在Unity3D中创建“可模拟电缆模型”。“可模拟电缆模型”提供了一种新的操作电缆的方法,即模拟虚拟环境中的动作,然后将其应用到现实世界中。这样的方法不仅可以用机器人来支持人们的日常生活,也可以用在工厂等工作场所布置电缆。我们相信我们的研究对所有绳状物体的识别和操作都是适用的和有帮助的,并且在软物体的识别和操作领域也会有所帮助。
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引用次数: 1
Building a Distributed System for Live Virtual Machine Introspection 构建一个分布式的实时虚拟机自省系统
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.29007/p9fm
Steven Valle, N. Prabakar, Himanshu Upadhyay
The introspection of virtual machines is an important aspect of protecting against the threat of malware that can hide from traditional automated malware-detection systems. A distributed system for live virtual machine introspection is presented utilizing the Xen Project hypervisor and LibVMI for introspection. The system incorporates the importing of VMs through the OVF specification, VM management through libvirt, and the streaming of various kernel data structures and system calls into data stores with no delay between introspection and storage.
虚拟机的自省是防止恶意软件威胁的一个重要方面,这些恶意软件可以隐藏在传统的自动恶意软件检测系统中。利用Xen Project管理程序和LibVMI进行自省,提出了一个实时虚拟机自省的分布式系统。该系统通过OVF规范导入虚拟机,通过libvirt管理虚拟机,并将各种内核数据结构和系统调用流式传输到数据存储中,在自省和存储之间没有延迟。
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引用次数: 0
Towards a socio-specific artificial intelligence adoption framework 面向社会特定的人工智能采用框架
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.29007/pc8j
Danie Smit, S. Eybers
Organisations need to be able to adopt AI successfully, but also responsibly. This requirement is not trivial, as AI can deliver real value to adopters. However, can also result in serious impacts on humans. AI’s technical capabilities make AI powerful, still the implementation of AI in organisations is not limited to the technical elements and requires a more holistic approach. An AI implementation within an organisation is a socio-technical system, with the interplay between social and technical components. When AI makes decisions that impact people, the socio considerations in AI adoption frame- works are paramount. Although technical adoption challenges are well researched and can overlap with aspects associated with traditional IT implementations, artificial intelli- gence adoption often faces additional social implication. This study focuses on these social challenges, which is a problem frequently experienced by many organisations. The study investigates how an organisation can increase adoption of AI as part of its quest to become more data-driven. This study was conducted at an automotive manufacturer’s analytics competence centre, located in South Africa. This paper describes the first iteration of a larger research effort that follows the design science research methodology. A socio-specific artificial intelligence adoption framework was created and can be used by organisations to help them succeed with their AI adoption initiatives in a responsible manner.
组织需要能够成功地采用人工智能,但也要负责任。这个需求不是微不足道的,因为AI可以为采用者提供真正的价值。然而,也会对人类造成严重影响。人工智能的技术能力使其强大,但在组织中实施人工智能并不局限于技术元素,需要更全面的方法。组织内的人工智能实现是一个社会技术系统,具有社会和技术组件之间的相互作用。当人工智能做出影响人类的决定时,人工智能采用框架中的社会考虑是至关重要的。尽管技术采用的挑战已经得到了很好的研究,并且可以与传统IT实现相关的方面重叠,但人工智能的采用通常面临额外的社会影响。本研究的重点是这些社会挑战,这是许多组织经常遇到的问题。该研究调查了一个组织如何增加人工智能的采用,作为其追求更多数据驱动的一部分。这项研究是在一家汽车制造商的分析能力中心进行的,位于南非。本文描述了遵循设计科学研究方法的大型研究工作的第一次迭代。创建了一个特定于社会的人工智能采用框架,可由组织使用,以帮助他们以负责任的方式成功实施人工智能采用计划。
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引用次数: 1
A Distributed Infrastructure for Secure Diplomas: Proof of Concept and First Experiences 安全文凭的分布式基础设施:概念验证和首次体验
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.29007/t89l
Alexander Knoth, Erwin Soldo, Kathleen I. Clancy, U. Lucke
Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are being confronted with a growing number of student applications. This is associated with the verification of documents, which in the case of university entrance qualifications is becoming increasingly complex and error- prone in view of the diversifying education system. Various solutions to this problem have already been proposed, but due to technical, organisational, legal, or financial problems, they have not yet found widespread use. Against this background, this article presents an approach that integrates existing methods and services for digital signatures into a national infrastructure for education and connects them to existing information systems in schools to issue digital diplomas and verify them in HEI application processes. The article describes a technical solution and experiences from a proof-of-concept. First recommendations are given, and an outlook illustrates how the upcoming broad field test will be conducted.
高等教育机构(HEIs)正面临着越来越多的学生申请。这与文件核查有关,鉴于多样化的教育制度,在大学入学资格的情况下,证件核查变得越来越复杂和容易出错。针对这一问题已经提出了各种解决方案,但由于技术、组织、法律或财务问题,它们尚未得到广泛应用。在此背景下,本文提出了一种方法,将现有的数字签名方法和服务集成到国家教育基础设施中,并将其与学校现有的信息系统连接起来,以颁发数字文凭,并在高等教育机构的申请过程中对其进行验证。本文描述了一个技术解决方案和概念验证的经验。首先给出了建议,展望说明了即将进行的广泛现场测试将如何进行。
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引用次数: 1
Issues in Introduction of Concept of Employee Engagement in Japanese Companies 日本企业引入员工敬业度概念的若干问题
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.29007/scjx
M. Ikemizu, Takaaki Hosoda, T. Matsuo
According to research firms, employee engagement in Japan is extremely low compared with that in other countries. This is a major problem for Japanese companies, and they are implementing various measures to improve their employee engagement. However, this is a relatively new concept with no clear definition, and it is also unclear whether the concept of employee engagement fits the corporate culture of Japanese companies and the characteristics of Japanese people. Taking this point as a problem, and based on previous research on employee engagement and the current study, the authors concluded that a theoretical system suitable for Japan, different from the Western concept of social exchange theory, might be necessary to define employee engagement in Japan.
据研究公司称,与其他国家相比,日本的员工敬业度极低。这是日本公司面临的一个主要问题,他们正在实施各种措施来提高员工敬业度。然而,这是一个相对较新的概念,没有明确的定义,员工敬业度的概念是否符合日本企业的企业文化和日本人的特点也不清楚。以此为问题,结合以往对员工敬业度的研究和当前的研究,笔者认为日本可能需要一个不同于西方社会交换理论的、适合日本的理论体系来定义员工敬业度。
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引用次数: 0
Using Machine Learning to Predict Airport Passenger Throughput 利用机器学习预测机场旅客吞吐量
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.29007/tkhf
Samuel Yi, Jiang Guo
The American commercial airline industry is a crucial part of United States infrastructure and is so large and widespread that it affects all of its citizens in one way or another. There are many moving pieces involved in this industry, but we believe that we can make a significant impact when it comes to forecasting future passenger throughput. We look to utilize machine learning to create a prediction model which can eventually be used by the Department of Homeland Security to improve security and overall customer experience at airport terminals. The results of this study show that a polynomial regression model can provide utility as well as predictions with an acceptable margin of error.
美国商业航空业是美国基础设施的重要组成部分,规模庞大,分布广泛,以这样或那样的方式影响着所有公民。这个行业有很多变数,但我们相信,在预测未来的旅客吞吐量方面,我们可以产生重大影响。我们希望利用机器学习来创建一个预测模型,最终可以被国土安全部用于改善机场航站楼的安全性和整体客户体验。本研究的结果表明,多项式回归模型可以提供效用以及具有可接受的误差范围的预测。
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引用次数: 0
Financing the Circular Economy - Four Elements of Success 循环经济融资——成功的四个要素
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.29007/x131
Gordana Kierans, Qian Chen
The transition to the circular economy, from start-ups to multination- als, can only be realised if there is enough financing available. However, financial institutions and investors are only likely to finance profitable solutions, measured within time-honoured linear economy thinking. In this qualitative study, we ar- gue that looking at simply the business case is a singular, static view whereas the economy is a complex, adaptive system. Hence, in addition to the business case, we are adding three more elements we consider indispensable for the circular economy transition to initially succeed and thereafter remain sustainable. These are infrastructure, education and mindset.
从初创企业到跨国公司的循环经济转型,也只有在有足够资金的情况下才能实现。然而,金融机构和投资者只可能为有利可图的解决方案提供资金,以历史悠久的线性经济思维来衡量。在这个定性研究中,我们认为,简单地看商业案例是一个单一的、静态的观点,而经济是一个复杂的、自适应的系统。因此,除了商业案例之外,我们还增加了三个我们认为循环经济转型最初成功并在之后保持可持续发展不可或缺的要素。这些是基础设施、教育和心态。
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引用次数: 0
European Student eID Framework Proposal 欧洲学生eID框架提案
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.29007/39zh
Sinead Nealon, Tor Fridell, E. Mckenna, J. Lanza
The European Campus Card Association (ECCA)1 recently completed a research project on the development of a ‘Proposal for a Trusted Student Identification Framework’2. This involved collaboration with the relevant stakeholders including: HEIs, Students and Service Providers. The purpose of the project was to engage in a process of dialogue to seek out their views and opinions on the needs and requirements of a trusted Student eID Credential that supports cross-border services.The outcome from the project provides an important foundation to enable the establishment of a European student eID and how it can be a key enabler for secure cross-border electronic transactions, which is central to the Digital Single Market policy. In addition, there is strong evidence of support for EU policies on student mobility enabling access to academic and non-academic services across Europe. The project has identified the stakeholders’ requirements, potential barriers and provides a series of recommendations that are fundamental to its successful development and integration.The recommendations resulting from the various activities of the Student eID Framework project provide a sequence of important requirements for consideration and evaluation, and include the following: Campus Card/eID; Mobile Devices; Security, Trust and User Authentication; eIDAS; HEI & Services Providers requirements and standards; Legal issues and GDPR; Supporting European Strategy and Initiatives; Engagement and Collaboration with the EU and Stakeholders; Marketing, Dissemination and Promotion of a European Student eID. The project has established a strong collaborative partnership with the relevant stakeholders and provided valuable knowledge and information on the needs and requirements of a European Student eID Credential that supports cross- border services. The outcomes have identified many potential solutions to the obstacles that may be encountered in the task of implementing a student eID by 2025.
欧洲校园卡协会(ECCA)最近完成了一项关于“可信学生身份识别框架提案”的研究项目。这涉及与相关利益相关者的合作,包括高等教育机构、学生和服务提供者。该项目的目的是参与一个对话过程,以寻求他们对支持跨境服务的可信学生eID证书的需求和要求的看法和意见。该项目的成果为建立欧洲学生电子身份以及它如何成为安全跨境电子交易的关键推动者提供了重要基础,这是数字单一市场政策的核心。此外,有强有力的证据支持欧盟关于学生流动的政策,使他们能够在整个欧洲获得学术和非学术服务。该项目已经确定了涉众的需求、潜在的障碍,并提供了一系列对其成功开发和集成至关重要的建议。学生电子身份证框架计划的各项活动所产生的建议提供了一系列重要的考虑和评估要求,包括:校园卡/电子身份证;移动设备;安全、信任和用户认证;埃达;HEI和服务提供商的要求和标准;法律问题和GDPR;支持欧洲战略和倡议;与欧盟和利益相关者的接触和合作;欧洲学生eID的市场推广、传播和推广。该项目与相关利益相关者建立了强有力的合作伙伴关系,并就支持跨境服务的欧洲学生电子身份证书的需求和要求提供了宝贵的知识和信息。研究结果确定了许多潜在的解决方案,以解决在2025年之前实施学生eID的任务中可能遇到的障碍。
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引用次数: 1
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