Celiac disease (CD), a.k.a. gluten enteropathy is a global health problem due to its prevalence of up to 1% in the general population and the high risk of multiorgan complications. Along with confirmed anti-gliadin antibodies, anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies, anti-endomysium antibodies, etc., in the diagnosis of CD, results on antibodies to deamidated gliadin peptides (anti-DGP antibodies) have been accumulated in the past ten years. Anti-DGP antibodies have shown comparable and even better characteristics in terms of diagnostic specificity and sensitivity for the identification of patients with CD, especially in those with IgA deficiency, as well as in other diseases associated with sensitivity to gluten, monitoring the effect of the gluten-free diet. The combined determination of a panel of autoantibodies related to CD, including the anti-DGP antibodies, improves the diagnose process and follow-up of these patients.
{"title":"Antibodies against deamidated gliadin peptides in the diagnosis of celiac disease","authors":"T. Velikova","doi":"10.5455/IM.34739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/IM.34739","url":null,"abstract":"Celiac disease (CD), a.k.a. gluten enteropathy is a global health problem due to its prevalence of up to 1% in the general population and the high risk of multiorgan complications. Along with confirmed anti-gliadin antibodies, anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies, anti-endomysium antibodies, etc., in the diagnosis of CD, results on antibodies to deamidated gliadin peptides (anti-DGP antibodies) have been accumulated in the past ten years. Anti-DGP antibodies have shown comparable and even better characteristics in terms of diagnostic specificity and sensitivity for the identification of patients with CD, especially in those with IgA deficiency, as well as in other diseases associated with sensitivity to gluten, monitoring the effect of the gluten-free diet. The combined determination of a panel of autoantibodies related to CD, including the anti-DGP antibodies, improves the diagnose process and follow-up of these patients.","PeriodicalId":93574,"journal":{"name":"International medicine (Antioch, Turkey)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70793190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cerebral, cardiac, or combined cause of syncope in noncompaction","authors":"J. Finsterer","doi":"10.5455/IM.36989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/IM.36989","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93574,"journal":{"name":"International medicine (Antioch, Turkey)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70793504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The purpose of our study is to perform a retrospective analysis of the prevalence of some zoonotic helminth infections (trichinellosis, cystic echinococcosis, and toxocariasis) for the period 2015-2017, given their important medical and social significance for the public health system in Bulgaria and other endemic countries. Methods: We used data from the National Centre of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases and Regional Health Inspectorates for all registered cases of cystic echinococcosis and trichinellosis during the study period and data from the Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine on all cases seropositive for toxocariasis. Results: For the study period in the country were reported 800 confirmed cases of hydatid disease of which 715 (89.4%) primary and 85 (10.6%) cases of relapse. The group of children and adolescents accounted for 21% of the total number of infected. Ten trichinellosis outbreaks were also recorded, involving the population of 16 settlements across 10 of the 28 districts of the country. Contaminated with Trichinella larvae meat was consumed by 293 persons of whom laboratory confirmed infection was found in 113 individuals (38.6%). For the period, 408 persons with clinical symptoms suspicious for toxocariasis were tested and 78 (19.1%) of them were positive for the presence of specific anti-Toxocara antibodies. Conclusions: Parasitic zoonotic diseases have endemic spread in many countries around the world and pose a problem for public health. We present data on three helminth diseases, two of which (cystic echinococcosis and trichinellosis) are still widespread in Bulgaria and are of great medical and social importance.
{"title":"Human Cystic echinococcosis, Trichinellosis and Toxocariasis in Bulgaria: an update of data for 2015-2017","authors":"R. Harizanov, I. Rainova, I. Kaftandjiev","doi":"10.5455/im.42614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/im.42614","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The purpose of our study is to perform a retrospective analysis of the prevalence of some zoonotic helminth infections (trichinellosis, cystic echinococcosis, and toxocariasis) for the period 2015-2017, given their important medical and social significance for the public health system in Bulgaria and other endemic countries. Methods: We used data from the National Centre of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases and Regional Health Inspectorates for all registered cases of cystic echinococcosis and trichinellosis during the study period and data from the Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine on all cases seropositive for toxocariasis. Results: For the study period in the country were reported 800 confirmed cases of hydatid disease of which 715 (89.4%) primary and 85 (10.6%) cases of relapse. The group of children and adolescents accounted for 21% of the total number of infected. Ten trichinellosis outbreaks were also recorded, involving the population of 16 settlements across 10 of the 28 districts of the country. Contaminated with Trichinella larvae meat was consumed by 293 persons of whom laboratory confirmed infection was found in 113 individuals (38.6%). For the period, 408 persons with clinical symptoms suspicious for toxocariasis were tested and 78 (19.1%) of them were positive for the presence of specific anti-Toxocara antibodies. Conclusions: Parasitic zoonotic diseases have endemic spread in many countries around the world and pose a problem for public health. We present data on three helminth diseases, two of which (cystic echinococcosis and trichinellosis) are still widespread in Bulgaria and are of great medical and social importance.","PeriodicalId":93574,"journal":{"name":"International medicine (Antioch, Turkey)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70793845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To the Editor, Substance abuse has been described by the World Health Organization (WHO) as “the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and drugs” [1]. There has been a growing concern of substance abuse among the youth, especially, the growing abuse of marijuana in Namibia [2]. In an epidemiological review carried out in South Africa, the prevalence of illicit drugs’ use and drug abuse among adolescents was significant [3]. The level of youth empowerment, both within home and classrooms, will determine the progress of a nation. It is known that adolescents are prone to different vices while growing up. A nation that does not invest in the formal and informal developmental needs of its youth may have a bleak future. The youths of a nation are the future of the nation, jeopardizing their future through neglect of their needs may be a basis for the ruin of the future development plans of the nation. Namibian population is made up of about 50% youth i.e. those under the age of 29, warranting a very important input into this sector of the population [4]. It is estimated that in Namibia, a) Half of the children aged 11-16 are believed to be experimenting with alcohol; b) 4% of the children aged 12 smoke cigarettes daily, as well as 17% of the 13-year-olds and 20% of the 16-year-olds; c) 3% of the 12-year-olds use mandrax occasionally as well as 7% of the 15-year-olds; d) Cannabis (marijuana/dagga) is the most abused drug in Namibia, with about 10% of the 15-year-olds and 8% of youth between the ages 17 and 30, abusing the drug. Substance abuse remains a challenge in Namibia and the African continent as a whole (NAMPA, 2015). Substance abuse that starts at a very tender age can be attributed to parental or peer group influence. Life expectancy reduces when one indulges in drug abuse [5]. There has been a gradual reduction in the prevalence and incidence of HIV infection and HIV/AIDS, but from some studies, it is shown that education of the youth has not translated into a lifestyle change. Substance abuse is believed to be one of the drivers of new HIV infections.
{"title":"Substance abuse among young people in Namibia, harbinger for retrogression","authors":"Babafunso A. Adenuga, Oluwaseun O. Olafusi","doi":"10.5455/im.58388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/im.58388","url":null,"abstract":"To the Editor, Substance abuse has been described by the World Health Organization (WHO) as “the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and drugs” [1]. There has been a growing concern of substance abuse among the youth, especially, the growing abuse of marijuana in Namibia [2]. In an epidemiological review carried out in South Africa, the prevalence of illicit drugs’ use and drug abuse among adolescents was significant [3]. The level of youth empowerment, both within home and classrooms, will determine the progress of a nation. It is known that adolescents are prone to different vices while growing up. A nation that does not invest in the formal and informal developmental needs of its youth may have a bleak future. The youths of a nation are the future of the nation, jeopardizing their future through neglect of their needs may be a basis for the ruin of the future development plans of the nation. Namibian population is made up of about 50% youth i.e. those under the age of 29, warranting a very important input into this sector of the population [4]. It is estimated that in Namibia, a) Half of the children aged 11-16 are believed to be experimenting with alcohol; b) 4% of the children aged 12 smoke cigarettes daily, as well as 17% of the 13-year-olds and 20% of the 16-year-olds; c) 3% of the 12-year-olds use mandrax occasionally as well as 7% of the 15-year-olds; d) Cannabis (marijuana/dagga) is the most abused drug in Namibia, with about 10% of the 15-year-olds and 8% of youth between the ages 17 and 30, abusing the drug. Substance abuse remains a challenge in Namibia and the African continent as a whole (NAMPA, 2015). Substance abuse that starts at a very tender age can be attributed to parental or peer group influence. Life expectancy reduces when one indulges in drug abuse [5]. There has been a gradual reduction in the prevalence and incidence of HIV infection and HIV/AIDS, but from some studies, it is shown that education of the youth has not translated into a lifestyle change. Substance abuse is believed to be one of the drivers of new HIV infections.","PeriodicalId":93574,"journal":{"name":"International medicine (Antioch, Turkey)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70794975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Chowdhury, Niwin George, Sukhjeet Singh, A. Chauhan, L. Sankhyan, Priyanka Chowdhury
Direct connection of both cavae to the pulmonary artery would be the ideal right heart bypass by virtue of elimination of prosthetic material and extensive atrial suture lines. When the direct connection is impossible, this may be accomplished by a prosthetic graft or a viable in situ pedicled pericardium. The extracardiac technique separates the high-pressure conduit from the atrial wall and systemic venous atrial cavity, avoids intra-atrial placement of prosthetic material, theoretically minimizes the risk of supraventricular arrhythmias and possibly preserves ventricular and pulmonary function because it can be performed without aortic cross-clamp. Concerns include lack of growth potential of the synthetic conduit, late supraventricular dysrhythmias, conduit narrowing or obstruction and thromboembolic complications [1-5]. A 14-year-old female patient diagnosed with a functionally univentricular heart, hypoplastic left ventricle, anteroposteriorly related great arteries who had prior superior cavopulmonary anastomosis without antegrade flow interruption at the age of nine years, underwent extracardiac, non-fenestrated, total cavopulmonary connection using a 20 mm polytetrafluoroethylene conduit. The post-operative Fontan pathway pressure was 16 mmHg with stable hemodynamics. Post-operative recovery was uneventful.
{"title":"Completion extracardiac, non-fenestrated, total cavo-pulmonary connection using a polytetrafluoroethylene conduit: a video presentation","authors":"U. Chowdhury, Niwin George, Sukhjeet Singh, A. Chauhan, L. Sankhyan, Priyanka Chowdhury","doi":"10.5455/im.302644393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/im.302644393","url":null,"abstract":"Direct connection of both cavae to the pulmonary artery would be the ideal right heart bypass by virtue of elimination of prosthetic material and extensive atrial suture lines. When the direct connection is impossible, this may be accomplished by a prosthetic graft or a viable in situ pedicled pericardium. The extracardiac technique separates the high-pressure conduit from the atrial wall and systemic venous atrial cavity, avoids intra-atrial placement of prosthetic material, theoretically minimizes the risk of supraventricular arrhythmias and possibly preserves ventricular and pulmonary function because it can be performed without aortic cross-clamp. Concerns include lack of growth potential of the synthetic conduit, late supraventricular dysrhythmias, conduit narrowing or obstruction and thromboembolic complications [1-5]. A 14-year-old female patient diagnosed with a functionally univentricular heart, hypoplastic left ventricle, anteroposteriorly related great arteries who had prior superior cavopulmonary anastomosis without antegrade flow interruption at the age of nine years, underwent extracardiac, non-fenestrated, total cavopulmonary connection using a 20 mm polytetrafluoroethylene conduit. The post-operative Fontan pathway pressure was 16 mmHg with stable hemodynamics. Post-operative recovery was uneventful.","PeriodicalId":93574,"journal":{"name":"International medicine (Antioch, Turkey)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70792888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A 20-year-old woman infected with rubella virus at 19 weeks of gestation presented the clinical symptoms of rubella infection and whose placenta was obtained at 37 weeks for the observation. A light microscopical study using a standard light photomicroscope (MC63A Zeiss) was employed to detect morphological changes in the structure of the placental villi. Presence of mononuclear cells in the decidua of the basal plate showed acquired placental infection confirmed by RT-PCR. Death of stem villi appeared under fibrinoid deposition. Degenerative changes were noted in the stromal region of these villi. Clear spaces in this zone indicated tissue destruction and cellular death. Some villi were seen with inflamed syncytium and others were noted in severe edematous condition. The tree villous was severely affected by the viral activity damaging the normal interchange of gases and nutrients.
{"title":"Rubella virus, infecting the placental villi","authors":"O. Castejón","doi":"10.5455/im.302644371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/im.302644371","url":null,"abstract":"A 20-year-old woman infected with rubella virus at 19 weeks of gestation presented the clinical symptoms of rubella infection and whose placenta was obtained at 37 weeks for the observation. A light microscopical study using a standard light photomicroscope (MC63A Zeiss) was employed to detect morphological changes in the structure of the placental villi. Presence of mononuclear cells in the decidua of the basal plate showed acquired placental infection confirmed by RT-PCR. Death of stem villi appeared under fibrinoid deposition. Degenerative changes were noted in the stromal region of these villi. Clear spaces in this zone indicated tissue destruction and cellular death. Some villi were seen with inflamed syncytium and others were noted in severe edematous condition. The tree villous was severely affected by the viral activity damaging the normal interchange of gases and nutrients.","PeriodicalId":93574,"journal":{"name":"International medicine (Antioch, Turkey)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70793214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The development of global bioethics: a historical developmental perspective","authors":"Peter Ii","doi":"10.5455/im.302644356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/im.302644356","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93574,"journal":{"name":"International medicine (Antioch, Turkey)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70793311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With pharmaceutical companies’ repeated failures at finding effective interventions for Alzheimer’s disease, together with an increasing reliance on the growing federal funding for research, there is an emergent opportunity for financing alternate research through crowdfunding. Crowdfunding—where funding is obtained from small donations from a large group of people—has become a new source of funding for medical research. By understanding how the research community has evolved to study Alzheimer’s disease the pitfalls of this strategy can be highlighted. Alzheimer’s disease research is complex. From its inception in the early 1900s, Alzheimer’s disease has been at the center of movement within psychiatry to define the disease on the basis of its biology. Recent emphasis— through the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders), RDC (Research Diagnostic Criteria), RDoC (Research Domain Criteria) as well as the more recent Framework from the U.S. National Institute on Aging—have supported an exclusive emphasis on biology. But by excluding other aspects of the disease, such as its clinical expression, this research approach will be shown to be faulty and contradictory. So far, this approach has resulted in 100% failures. By examining the historical and financial circumstances of the industry centered on Alzheimer’s disease a strong warning is given to the public to mistrust crowdfunding Alzheimer’s disease research. A broader and more inclusive approach is likely to generate a better understanding of the disease and therefore hold better promise for understanding the disease in the long term. Such a nuanced approach competes badly with the more binary search for a cure and is less receptive to public support through crowdfunding.
{"title":"The pitfalls of crowdfunding Alzheimer's disease research","authors":"M. Garrett","doi":"10.5455/im.36591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/im.36591","url":null,"abstract":"With pharmaceutical companies’ repeated failures at finding effective interventions for Alzheimer’s disease, together with an increasing reliance on the growing federal funding for research, there is an emergent opportunity for financing alternate research through crowdfunding. Crowdfunding—where funding is obtained from small donations from a large group of people—has become a new source of funding for medical research. By understanding how the research community has evolved to study Alzheimer’s disease the pitfalls of this strategy can be highlighted. Alzheimer’s disease research is complex. From its inception in the early 1900s, Alzheimer’s disease has been at the center of movement within psychiatry to define the disease on the basis of its biology. Recent emphasis— through the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders), RDC (Research Diagnostic Criteria), RDoC (Research Domain Criteria) as well as the more recent Framework from the U.S. National Institute on Aging—have supported an exclusive emphasis on biology. But by excluding other aspects of the disease, such as its clinical expression, this research approach will be shown to be faulty and contradictory. So far, this approach has resulted in 100% failures. By examining the historical and financial circumstances of the industry centered on Alzheimer’s disease a strong warning is given to the public to mistrust crowdfunding Alzheimer’s disease research. A broader and more inclusive approach is likely to generate a better understanding of the disease and therefore hold better promise for understanding the disease in the long term. Such a nuanced approach competes badly with the more binary search for a cure and is less receptive to public support through crowdfunding.","PeriodicalId":93574,"journal":{"name":"International medicine (Antioch, Turkey)","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70793410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I describe a patient with sudden-onset multiple organ failure who was incidentally found to harbor a large adrenal mass. I hope this visual vignette will highlight that pheochromocytoma may exhibit atypical imaging features and can cause multiple organ failure in an otherwise apparently healthy patient.
{"title":"A large incidental adrenal mass in a patient with sudden-onset multiple organ failure","authors":"R. Yu","doi":"10.5455/IM.38951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/IM.38951","url":null,"abstract":"I describe a patient with sudden-onset multiple organ failure who was incidentally found to harbor a large adrenal mass. I hope this visual vignette will highlight that pheochromocytoma may exhibit atypical imaging features and can cause multiple organ failure in an otherwise apparently healthy patient.","PeriodicalId":93574,"journal":{"name":"International medicine (Antioch, Turkey)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70793557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Surgical wound infections are major challenges affecting the health and even the life of patients subjected to invasive operations in hospitals. Healthcare providers should ensure the appropriate quality control of surgical site infection (SSI). World Health Organization (WHO) provides a comprehensive global database record of SSI. Monitoring of the trend of SSI rate and magnitude using statistical process control (SPC) tools would deliver useful information about the previous, current, and expected behavior and pattern of the inspected quality characteristic. The degree of compliance with good practices guidelines and rules (GXP) and the improvement achieved or required might be assessed and quantified using Shewhart or process-behavior trending charts. The following study demonstrates the application of SPC analysis using commercial software packages in the assessment of SSI in selected cases of countries from the WHO dataset.
{"title":"Extended application of statistical process control-quantitative risk assessment techniques to monitor surgical site infection rates","authors":"M. Eissa","doi":"10.5455/IM.47174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/IM.47174","url":null,"abstract":"Surgical wound infections are major challenges affecting the health and even the life of patients subjected to invasive operations in hospitals. Healthcare providers should ensure the appropriate quality control of surgical site infection (SSI). World Health Organization (WHO) provides a comprehensive global database record of SSI. Monitoring of the trend of SSI rate and magnitude using statistical process control (SPC) tools would deliver useful information about the previous, current, and expected behavior and pattern of the inspected quality characteristic. The degree of compliance with good practices guidelines and rules (GXP) and the improvement achieved or required might be assessed and quantified using Shewhart or process-behavior trending charts. The following study demonstrates the application of SPC analysis using commercial software packages in the assessment of SSI in selected cases of countries from the WHO dataset.","PeriodicalId":93574,"journal":{"name":"International medicine (Antioch, Turkey)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70793595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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