In this research, we design a plasmonic refractive index sensor and examine it numerically, using transparency, refractive index, sensitivity, FOM fit shape and Q quality factor, to optimize and improve performance quality. We will be. To design the structure of this sensor, we use two plasmonic waveguides, a cavity, two rings and two teeth. The resonant wavelengths and refractive index of the resonators are investigated and simulated by the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, and we draw the obtained diagrams using MATLAB software. After completing the sensor design, due to the fact that the amplifiers are very sensitive to changes in the refractive index, so by changing the refractive index and changing the dimensions of the structure, we can weaken or strengthen the passage coefficient in the resonant modes. These plasmonic sensors with a simple frame and high optical resolution can be used to measure refractive index in the medical, chemical and food industries.
{"title":"Plasmon-Induced Flexibility and Refractive Index Measurement in A Sensor Designed by a Cavity, Two Rings, Two Teeth and Two Plasmonic Waveguides","authors":"Hamid Abbasi","doi":"10.26502/jatr.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jatr.36","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, we design a plasmonic refractive index sensor and examine it numerically, using transparency, refractive index, sensitivity, FOM fit shape and Q quality factor, to optimize and improve performance quality. We will be. To design the structure of this sensor, we use two plasmonic waveguides, a cavity, two rings and two teeth. The resonant wavelengths and refractive index of the resonators are investigated and simulated by the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, and we draw the obtained diagrams using MATLAB software. After completing the sensor design, due to the fact that the amplifiers are very sensitive to changes in the refractive index, so by changing the refractive index and changing the dimensions of the structure, we can weaken or strengthen the passage coefficient in the resonant modes. These plasmonic sensors with a simple frame and high optical resolution can be used to measure refractive index in the medical, chemical and food industries.","PeriodicalId":93773,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical techniques and research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134889439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using two metal insulated metal waveguides (MIM) and five resonator (a quadrilateral cavity and three rings with different dimensions), we design a plasmonic refractive index sensor. Using the time domain finite difference method, we examine and analyze the sensor performance (numerical analysis) and using the transmission line model method, we theoretically examine the performance of the sensor By summarizing these two methods and calculating the sensitivity coefficient S, quality coefficient Q and figure of merit (FOM), a plasmonic sensor with good performance is obtained. Using the supermods of the resonators, we will achieve a stable wavelength spectrum and a suitable and stable sensitivity coefficient spectrum. Challenges and changes that occur in different modes of this sensor will lead to a balanced and relatively good structure. This designed sensor can be useful in the development of integrated optical circuits.
{"title":"Design of an Advanced Plasmonic Sensor (Consisting of A Quadrilateral Cavity, Three Rings with Different Dimensions and Two Waveguides) Using Refractive Index Change","authors":"Hamid Abbasi","doi":"10.26502/jatr.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jatr.37","url":null,"abstract":"Using two metal insulated metal waveguides (MIM) and five resonator (a quadrilateral cavity and three rings with different dimensions), we design a plasmonic refractive index sensor. Using the time domain finite difference method, we examine and analyze the sensor performance (numerical analysis) and using the transmission line model method, we theoretically examine the performance of the sensor By summarizing these two methods and calculating the sensitivity coefficient S, quality coefficient Q and figure of merit (FOM), a plasmonic sensor with good performance is obtained. Using the supermods of the resonators, we will achieve a stable wavelength spectrum and a suitable and stable sensitivity coefficient spectrum. Challenges and changes that occur in different modes of this sensor will lead to a balanced and relatively good structure. This designed sensor can be useful in the development of integrated optical circuits.","PeriodicalId":93773,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical techniques and research","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134889444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The primary mechanism in cancer metastasis, collective invasion is becoming more widely recognized. Leader cells are specially trained cancer cells that invading the tumors. They are crucial in establishing invasion pathways, organizing follower cells, and facilitating the survival of cancer cells throughout the metastatic cascade. To aid group invasion, these leader cells activate a variety of mechanical, genomic, and metabolomic pathways. Leader cell development and function are influenced by stromal cells, matrix properties, genetic and epigenetic factors, and more.
{"title":"Dynamic Regulation of MALAT1 in Leader Cell Formation and Collective Cancer Invasion","authors":"Purnima Tyagi, Akhilesh Kumar Saini, Jitendra Kumar.","doi":"10.26502/jatr.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jatr.35","url":null,"abstract":"The primary mechanism in cancer metastasis, collective invasion is becoming more widely recognized. Leader cells are specially trained cancer cells that invading the tumors. They are crucial in establishing invasion pathways, organizing follower cells, and facilitating the survival of cancer cells throughout the metastatic cascade. To aid group invasion, these leader cells activate a variety of mechanical, genomic, and metabolomic pathways. Leader cell development and function are influenced by stromal cells, matrix properties, genetic and epigenetic factors, and more.","PeriodicalId":93773,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical techniques and research","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135908921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conventional Frontal Air Sinus Imaging in Personal Identification among Adult Bangladeshi","authors":"Farzana Maqsood, ShamimAra ., Md. Abdur Rashid","doi":"10.26502/jatr.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jatr.34","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93773,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical techniques and research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69367269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Rodríguez-López, J. Vivancos, Ana Cristina Requena Piedrabuena, Irene Ferrer Bolufer
{"title":"Phenotypic variability in expressivity and deleterious capability of the homozygous UGT1A1*28 genotype","authors":"R. Rodríguez-López, J. Vivancos, Ana Cristina Requena Piedrabuena, Irene Ferrer Bolufer","doi":"10.26502/jatr.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jatr.33","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93773,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical techniques and research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69367266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-10DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.pex-1696/v1
W. M. Schmerer
Protocols utilized for the extraction of DNA vary significantly with regards to steps involved and duration of the overall procedure due to material-specific requirements for ensuring the highest possible yield in recovery of DNA. This variation mostly affects aspects of sample preparation and digestion steps required to release the DNA from the sample material.In contexts such as the development of new PCR-based assays - which always includes a test of species-specificity - reference samples from a number of species are utilized, requiring extraction of DNA from a variety of source materials, each with their specific conditions for effective isolation of DNA.The method presented here follows the strategy of synchronizing sample material-specific aspects such as sample preparation and digestion in such a way that one common protocol can be utilized for the actual extraction and purification of the DNA, allowing for an overall more efficient extraction process, while maintaining optimized conditions for DNA recovery.
{"title":"One for All and All in One: Modified Silica Kit-based Protocol for simultaneous sample-specific Extraction of DNA from a Variety of Source Materials","authors":"W. M. Schmerer","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.pex-1696/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.pex-1696/v1","url":null,"abstract":"Protocols utilized for the extraction of DNA vary significantly with regards to steps involved and duration of the overall procedure due to material-specific requirements for ensuring the highest possible yield in recovery of DNA. This variation mostly affects aspects of sample preparation and digestion steps required to release the DNA from the sample material.In contexts such as the development of new PCR-based assays - which always includes a test of species-specificity - reference samples from a number of species are utilized, requiring extraction of DNA from a variety of source materials, each with their specific conditions for effective isolation of DNA.The method presented here follows the strategy of synchronizing sample material-specific aspects such as sample preparation and digestion in such a way that one common protocol can be utilized for the actual extraction and purification of the DNA, allowing for an overall more efficient extraction process, while maintaining optimized conditions for DNA recovery.","PeriodicalId":93773,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical techniques and research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49201735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Rakotovao-Ravahatra, Jimmy Anders Antilahy, Joely Nirina Rakotovao-Ravahatra, Andriamiadana Luc Rakotovao
Background: In medical analysis laboratories, techniques for identifying bacteria are currently becoming more and more numerous. The objective of this study is to compare the Bis-Plus-D and the API 20 Strep for the identification of streptococci Methods: During the study period, 22 Gram-positive coci isolates were identified using Api 20 Strep and Bis-Plus-D. Results: During the study period, 22 isolates of streptococci were identified simultaneously using Bis-Plus-D and Api 20 Strep. The streptococci identified were represented by Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis, Enterococcus columbae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus constellatus, Enterococcus durans Enterococcus casseliflavus, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. This study showed 50% of discordant results between Bis-Plus-D and Api 20 Strep. Regarding the bacterial identification qualities, they were all excellent (100%) for Api 20 Strep. For Bis-Plus-D, the identification qualities were excellent for 36.4% of bacteria, very good for 36.4% of bacteria, good for 22.7% of bacteria and intermediate for 4.5% of bacteria. Concerning the probability scores for exact identification of bacteria, they vary between 82% to 100% for Api 20 Strep and between 62.6% to 99.9% for Bis-Plus-D. Conclusion: Api 20 Strep remains the best identification bacterial system and can be used by all bacteriology laboratories for good identification of bacterial species.
{"title":"Comparison of Bis-Plus-D and API 20 Strep for the Identification of Streptococci in the Laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana Antananarivo Madagascar","authors":"Z. Rakotovao-Ravahatra, Jimmy Anders Antilahy, Joely Nirina Rakotovao-Ravahatra, Andriamiadana Luc Rakotovao","doi":"10.26502/jatr.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jatr.30","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In medical analysis laboratories, techniques for identifying bacteria are currently becoming more and more numerous. The objective of this study is to compare the Bis-Plus-D and the API 20 Strep for the identification of streptococci Methods: During the study period, 22 Gram-positive coci isolates were identified using Api 20 Strep and Bis-Plus-D. Results: During the study period, 22 isolates of streptococci were identified simultaneously using Bis-Plus-D and Api 20 Strep. The streptococci identified were represented by Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis, Enterococcus columbae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus constellatus, Enterococcus durans Enterococcus casseliflavus, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. This study showed 50% of discordant results between Bis-Plus-D and Api 20 Strep. Regarding the bacterial identification qualities, they were all excellent (100%) for Api 20 Strep. For Bis-Plus-D, the identification qualities were excellent for 36.4% of bacteria, very good for 36.4% of bacteria, good for 22.7% of bacteria and intermediate for 4.5% of bacteria. Concerning the probability scores for exact identification of bacteria, they vary between 82% to 100% for Api 20 Strep and between 62.6% to 99.9% for Bis-Plus-D. Conclusion: Api 20 Strep remains the best identification bacterial system and can be used by all bacteriology laboratories for good identification of bacterial species.","PeriodicalId":93773,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical techniques and research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Measurement of Low Avidity, Polyreactive Immunoglobulin G Antibodies with Increased Sensitivity by Using Low Abstract Low avidity polyreactive immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies have a broad range of affinity with dissociation constants of 10 -5 to 10 -8 . Both their low concentration and avidity require low dilutions for measurement in solid-phase assays, which can cause issues due to the high total IgG levels probably interacting with the solid support. Here, we show that using an assay buffer system with low conductivity obviously increases the sensitivity of direct ELISAs. The 40 42 carbonate 9.5, were coated to HEPES, pH 7.4. Both buffers contained 10 mg/mL human serum albumin. Serial dilution series were loaded to antigen-coated and blank wells after blocking the plate with the respective dilution buffer. Detection of binding was achieved by an anti-human IgG peroxidase and peroxidase staining. Reduced dilution buffer’s conductivity increased signals by at least 50-fold without affecting the binding selectivity. Within the NaCl concentration range from 0 to 150 mM in 20 mM HEPES buffer, the conductivity correlated well with the signal height (R²=0.98). Competition experiments confirmed the assay’s adequate selectivity. In summary, buffer systems with low conductivity significantly increase the signals of direct ELISA without negatively affecting their selectivity. This simple assay modification increases the validity of results obtained by direct ELISAs for measurement of autoantibodies. and regulation of
{"title":"Measurement of Low Avidity, Polyreactive Immunoglobulin G Antibodies with Increased Sensitivity by Using Low Ionic Strength Buffers","authors":"A. Engelmaier, Harald Arno Butterweck, A. Weber","doi":"10.26502/jatr.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jatr.24","url":null,"abstract":"Measurement of Low Avidity, Polyreactive Immunoglobulin G Antibodies with Increased Sensitivity by Using Low Abstract Low avidity polyreactive immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies have a broad range of affinity with dissociation constants of 10 -5 to 10 -8 . Both their low concentration and avidity require low dilutions for measurement in solid-phase assays, which can cause issues due to the high total IgG levels probably interacting with the solid support. Here, we show that using an assay buffer system with low conductivity obviously increases the sensitivity of direct ELISAs. The 40 42 carbonate 9.5, were coated to HEPES, pH 7.4. Both buffers contained 10 mg/mL human serum albumin. Serial dilution series were loaded to antigen-coated and blank wells after blocking the plate with the respective dilution buffer. Detection of binding was achieved by an anti-human IgG peroxidase and peroxidase staining. Reduced dilution buffer’s conductivity increased signals by at least 50-fold without affecting the binding selectivity. Within the NaCl concentration range from 0 to 150 mM in 20 mM HEPES buffer, the conductivity correlated well with the signal height (R²=0.98). Competition experiments confirmed the assay’s adequate selectivity. In summary, buffer systems with low conductivity significantly increase the signals of direct ELISA without negatively affecting their selectivity. This simple assay modification increases the validity of results obtained by direct ELISAs for measurement of autoantibodies. and regulation of","PeriodicalId":93773,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical techniques and research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cognitive reserve (CR) is the ability to preserve cognitive functions in the presence of brain pathology. In the context of Alzheimer's disease (AD), patients with higher CR show better cognitive performance relative to brain damage therefore higher CR reduces the risk of dementia. There is a strong need to develop a neurophysiological biomarker of CR given the growing interest in understanding protective brain mechanisms in AD. FMRI studies indicate that frontoparietal network plays an important role in cognitive reserve. We calculated intraregional functional connectivity of lateral prefrontal cortex (FC LPFC) using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in the resting state of 13 healthy individuals who were also assessed for IQ and motoric skills (the Purdue Pegboard test, PPT). FC LPFC was found to positively correlate with IQ (a proxy measure of cognitive reserve) while showing a lack of or negative correlation with the PPT scores. The results demonstrate that the cost-effective, noninvasive and widely applicable fNIRS technology can be used to evaluate cognitive reserve in individuals at risk for and patients with AD with possible numerous applications in the context of healthy aging and other age-related cognitive disorders.
{"title":"Assessment of Cognitive Reserve using Near Infrared Spectroscopy.","authors":"Andrei V Medvedev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognitive reserve (CR) is the ability to preserve cognitive functions in the presence of brain pathology. In the context of Alzheimer's disease (AD), patients with higher CR show better cognitive performance relative to brain damage therefore higher CR reduces the risk of dementia. There is a strong need to develop a neurophysiological biomarker of CR given the growing interest in understanding protective brain mechanisms in AD. FMRI studies indicate that frontoparietal network plays an important role in cognitive reserve. We calculated intraregional functional connectivity of lateral prefrontal cortex (FC LPFC) using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in the resting state of 13 healthy individuals who were also assessed for IQ and motoric skills (the Purdue Pegboard test, PPT). FC LPFC was found to positively correlate with IQ (a proxy measure of cognitive reserve) while showing a lack of or negative correlation with the PPT scores. The results demonstrate that the cost-effective, noninvasive and widely applicable fNIRS technology can be used to evaluate cognitive reserve in individuals at risk for and patients with AD with possible numerous applications in the context of healthy aging and other age-related cognitive disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":93773,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical techniques and research","volume":"4 2","pages":"89-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9394433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40634681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The thermodynamic properties of binary liquid mixture of 2-Bu-OH and Cumene (isopropylbenzene) have been determined at different temperatures (298.15-323.15) K by 5 K intervals over the whole composition range. The data have been utilized to estimate the excess thermodynamic properties (excess enthalpy, excess entropy, excess free energy). The result of excess properties viz: excess enthalpy of activation ( H #E ), excess entropy of activation ( S #E ) and excess free energy of activation ( G #E ) were fitted to the Redlich-Kister equation and plotted by graphical presentation. The excess values have been found to be useful in estimating the type and strength of the interactions between the polar-nonpolar binary mixture.
{"title":"Hetero-Molecular Interactions in Polar-Nonpolar Binary Mixture of Different Compositions and Studies on their Thermodynamic Properties","authors":"M. Rahman, M. Habibullah","doi":"10.26502/jatr.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jatr.26","url":null,"abstract":"The thermodynamic properties of binary liquid mixture of 2-Bu-OH and Cumene (isopropylbenzene) have been determined at different temperatures (298.15-323.15) K by 5 K intervals over the whole composition range. The data have been utilized to estimate the excess thermodynamic properties (excess enthalpy, excess entropy, excess free energy). The result of excess properties viz: excess enthalpy of activation ( H #E ), excess entropy of activation ( S #E ) and excess free energy of activation ( G #E ) were fitted to the Redlich-Kister equation and plotted by graphical presentation. The excess values have been found to be useful in estimating the type and strength of the interactions between the polar-nonpolar binary mixture.","PeriodicalId":93773,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical techniques and research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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