Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-01-23DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2305309
Łukasz Wołowiec, Daniel Rogowicz, Jacek Budzyński, Joanna Banach, Anna Wołowiec, Mariusz Kozakiewicz, Maciej Bieliński, Albert Jaśniak, Joanna Osiak, Grzegorz Grześk
Background: This is the first study to examine the clinical utility of measuring plasma secretoneurin (SN) levels in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), as a predictor of unplanned hospitalization, and all-cause mortality independently, and as a composite endpoint at one-year follow-up.
Methods: The study group includes 124 caucasian patients in New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes II to IV. Plasma SN concentrations were statistically analyzed in relation to sex, age, BMI, etiology of HFrEF, pharmacotherapy, clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic parameters. Samples were collected within 24 h of admission to the hospital.
Key results: In the 12-month follow-up, high SN levels were noted for all three endpoints.
Conclusions: SN positively correlates with HF severity measured by NYHA classes and proves to be a useful prognostic parameter in predicting unplanned hospitalizations and all-cause mortality among patients with HFrEF. Patients with high SN levels may benefit from systematic follow-up and may be candidates for more aggressive treatment.
研究背景这是第一项检测射血分数降低型心力衰竭(HFrEF)患者血浆泌酮素(SN)水平的临床实用性的研究:研究小组包括 124 名纽约心脏病协会(NYHA)II 至 IV 级的白种人患者。血浆 SN 浓度与性别、年龄、体重指数、HFrEF 病因、药物治疗、临床、实验室和超声心动图参数的关系进行了统计分析。样本在入院后24小时内采集:在12个月的随访中,所有三个终点的SN水平都很高:结论:SN与按NYHA分级衡量的HF严重程度呈正相关,是预测HFrEF患者非计划住院和全因死亡率的有用预后参数。SN水平高的患者可能会从系统的随访中获益,并可能成为更积极治疗的候选者。
{"title":"Prognostic value of plasma secretoneurin concentration in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in one-year follow-up.","authors":"Łukasz Wołowiec, Daniel Rogowicz, Jacek Budzyński, Joanna Banach, Anna Wołowiec, Mariusz Kozakiewicz, Maciej Bieliński, Albert Jaśniak, Joanna Osiak, Grzegorz Grześk","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2305309","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2305309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This is the first study to examine the clinical utility of measuring plasma secretoneurin (SN) levels in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), as a predictor of unplanned hospitalization, and all-cause mortality independently, and as a composite endpoint at one-year follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study group includes 124 caucasian patients in New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes II to IV. Plasma SN concentrations were statistically analyzed in relation to sex, age, BMI, etiology of HFrEF, pharmacotherapy, clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic parameters. Samples were collected within 24 h of admission to the hospital.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>In the 12-month follow-up, high SN levels were noted for all three endpoints.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SN positively correlates with HF severity measured by NYHA classes and proves to be a useful prognostic parameter in predicting unplanned hospitalizations and all-cause mortality among patients with HFrEF. Patients with high SN levels may benefit from systematic follow-up and may be candidates for more aggressive treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10810662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139543589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-05-03DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2346423
{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2346423","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2346423","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11073407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2382377
Jane S Afriyie-Mensah, Philemon Domoyeri, Charles Antwi-Boasiako, Robert Aryee, Gifty B Dankwah, Mabel Ntiamoah, Bartholomew Dzudzor, Yaw Kusi-Mensah, Charles F Hayfron-Benjamin
Background: Achieving disease control is the goal of asthma management. Serum or sputum eosinophil counts have been known traditional means of assessing eosinophilic airway inflammation in asthma, which is vital in predicting response to corticosteroid therapy which ultimately promotes control of the disease. Evidence suggests that fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) may be a more useful non-invasive surrogate biomarker for the assessment of eosinophilic airway inflammation and could help with the timely adjustment of inhaled corticosteroid therapy in the uncontrolled asthma patient. The relationship between FeNO and other markers of airway inflammation has been variable in literature, with limited data in sub-Saharan Africa where FeNO testing is very sparse. We sought to define the relationship between FeNO levels, serum eosinophil counts, spirometry measures and symptom control among asthma patients.
Materials and methods: The study was conducted at the Asthma Clinic of a large tertiary hospital. This study included 82 patients with physician-diagnosed asthma being regularly managed at the clinic. All participants were taken through the asthma control test (ACT), had FeNO and spirometry measurements taken according to the American Thoracic Society (ATS) guidelines. Blood samples were obtained from all participants for serum eosinophil counts. Correlation coefficient was used to ascertain the relationship between FeNO levels and serum eosinophil counts, ACT scores, and spirometry measurements. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between high FeNO and abnormal FEV1 percentage predicted (<80%) with adjustments for age, sex, and BMI.
Results: A total of 82 patients with asthma were included in the study, with higher prevalence of females (72%). Majority (40.2%) of the patients were found in the 60 and above age category. The median FeNO level and ACT score was 42.00 (26.00-52.50) parts per billion (ppb) and 20.0 (18-23) respectively. The median serum eosinophil counts was 0.25(0.90-0.38) × 109/L. The median FeNO levels were significantly higher in patients with partly and very poorly controlled asthma than in the well-controlled group (p < 0.001). A total of 47(57%) of the patients were classified as having well controlled asthma and 35 (42%) uncontrolled. FeNO correlated with serum eosinophil counts (r = 0.450, p < 0.001), ACT (r = -0.648, p < 0.001), and FEV1 percentage predicted (r = -0.353, p = 0.001). High FeNO (>50 ppb) was associated with an over fivefold increased risk of having an abnormal FEV1 percentage predicted.
Conclusion: FeNO levels significantly correlated with the ACT scores, serum eosinophil counts and FEV1% predicted among the asthma patients who were on inhaled corticosteroid therapy. High FeNO was significantly associated with abnormal
{"title":"Relationship between fraction of exhaled nitric oxide and peripheral eosinophilia in asthma.","authors":"Jane S Afriyie-Mensah, Philemon Domoyeri, Charles Antwi-Boasiako, Robert Aryee, Gifty B Dankwah, Mabel Ntiamoah, Bartholomew Dzudzor, Yaw Kusi-Mensah, Charles F Hayfron-Benjamin","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2382377","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2382377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Achieving disease control is the goal of asthma management. Serum or sputum eosinophil counts have been known traditional means of assessing eosinophilic airway inflammation in asthma, which is vital in predicting response to corticosteroid therapy which ultimately promotes control of the disease. Evidence suggests that fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) may be a more useful non-invasive surrogate biomarker for the assessment of eosinophilic airway inflammation and could help with the timely adjustment of inhaled corticosteroid therapy in the uncontrolled asthma patient. The relationship between FeNO and other markers of airway inflammation has been variable in literature, with limited data in sub-Saharan Africa where FeNO testing is very sparse. We sought to define the relationship between FeNO levels, serum eosinophil counts, spirometry measures and symptom control among asthma patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study was conducted at the Asthma Clinic of a large tertiary hospital. This study included 82 patients with physician-diagnosed asthma being regularly managed at the clinic. All participants were taken through the asthma control test (ACT), had FeNO and spirometry measurements taken according to the American Thoracic Society (ATS) guidelines. Blood samples were obtained from all participants for serum eosinophil counts. Correlation coefficient was used to ascertain the relationship between FeNO levels and serum eosinophil counts, ACT scores, and spirometry measurements. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between high FeNO and abnormal FEV<sub>1</sub> percentage predicted (<80%) with adjustments for age, sex, and BMI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 82 patients with asthma were included in the study, with higher prevalence of females (72%). Majority (40.2%) of the patients were found in the 60 and above age category. The median FeNO level and ACT score was 42.00 (26.00-52.50) parts per billion (ppb) and 20.0 (18-23) respectively. The median serum eosinophil counts was 0.25(0.90-0.38) × 10<sup>9</sup>/L. The median FeNO levels were significantly higher in patients with partly and very poorly controlled asthma than in the well-controlled group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). A total of 47(57%) of the patients were classified as having well controlled asthma and 35 (42%) uncontrolled. FeNO correlated with serum eosinophil counts (<i>r</i> = 0.450, <i>p</i> < 0.001), ACT (<i>r</i> = -0.648, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and FEV1 percentage predicted (<i>r</i> = -0.353, <i>p</i> = 0.001). High FeNO (>50 ppb) was associated with an over fivefold increased risk of having an abnormal FEV<sub>1</sub> percentage predicted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FeNO levels significantly correlated with the ACT scores, serum eosinophil counts and FEV1% predicted among the asthma patients who were on inhaled corticosteroid therapy. High FeNO was significantly associated with abnormal","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11275527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141763113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-06-21DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2365405
Fateen Ata, Haseeb Ahmad Khan, Hassan Choudry, Adeel Ahmad Khan, Shuja Tahir, Tiago Lemos Cerqueira, Ben Illigens
Background: Atrioventricular block (AVB) is rare in hyperthyroidism (HTH). Little is known about the true prevalence, clinical course, optimal management, and outcomes of different types of AVBs in patients with HTH. To address these uncertainties, we aimed to conduct a systematic review by combining the available literature to provide more meaningful data regarding AVBs in HTH.
Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar for articles reporting patients who developed AVB in the context of HTH. Data were analysed in STATA 16. The main outcomes included types of AVB, frequency of pacemaker insertion, and resolution of AVB. The systematic review is registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with the identification number CRD42022335598.
Results: A total of 56 studies (39 case reports, 12 case series, 3 conference abstracts, 1 retrospective study, and 1 prospective observational study) with 87 patients were included in the analysis, with a mean age of 39.1 ± 17.6 years. Females constituted 65.7% (n = 48) of the cohort. Complete heart block (CHB) was the most commonly reported AVB (N = 45, 51.7%), followed by first-degree AVB (16.1%) and second-degree AVB (14.9%). Overall, 21 patients underwent pacing. A permanent pacemaker was inserted in one patient with second-degree AVB and six patients with CHB. Mortality was reported in one patient with CHB. The clinical course and management of HTH and AVBs did not differ in patients with CHB or lower-degree blocks. Apart from lower rates of goitre and more use of carbimazole in those who underwent pacing, no differences were found when compared to the patients managed without pacing.
Conclusion: Current data suggest that CHB is the most common type of AVB in patients with HTH. Most patients can be managed with anti-thyroid management alone. Additionally, whether pacemaker insertion alters the clinical outcomes needs further exploration.
{"title":"A systematic review of the clinical characteristics and course of atrioventricular blocks in hyperthyroidism.","authors":"Fateen Ata, Haseeb Ahmad Khan, Hassan Choudry, Adeel Ahmad Khan, Shuja Tahir, Tiago Lemos Cerqueira, Ben Illigens","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2365405","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2365405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atrioventricular block (AVB) is rare in hyperthyroidism (HTH). Little is known about the true prevalence, clinical course, optimal management, and outcomes of different types of AVBs in patients with HTH. To address these uncertainties, we aimed to conduct a systematic review by combining the available literature to provide more meaningful data regarding AVBs in HTH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar for articles reporting patients who developed AVB in the context of HTH. Data were analysed in STATA 16. The main outcomes included types of AVB, frequency of pacemaker insertion, and resolution of AVB. The systematic review is registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with the identification number CRD42022335598.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 56 studies (39 case reports, 12 case series, 3 conference abstracts, 1 retrospective study, and 1 prospective observational study) with 87 patients were included in the analysis, with a mean age of 39.1 ± 17.6 years. Females constituted 65.7% (<i>n</i> = 48) of the cohort. Complete heart block (CHB) was the most commonly reported AVB (<i>N</i> = 45, 51.7%), followed by first-degree AVB (16.1%) and second-degree AVB (14.9%). Overall, 21 patients underwent pacing. A permanent pacemaker was inserted in one patient with second-degree AVB and six patients with CHB. Mortality was reported in one patient with CHB. The clinical course and management of HTH and AVBs did not differ in patients with CHB or lower-degree blocks. Apart from lower rates of goitre and more use of carbimazole in those who underwent pacing, no differences were found when compared to the patients managed without pacing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Current data suggest that CHB is the most common type of AVB in patients with HTH. Most patients can be managed with anti-thyroid management alone. Additionally, whether pacemaker insertion alters the clinical outcomes needs further exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11195459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141433576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Long head of biceps brachii tendinopathy, a frequent source of anterior shoulder pain, may lead to discomfort and diminished function. The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of dry needling and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in these patients.
Patients and methods: Thirty patients were randomized into dry needling and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation groups and assessed before treatment, 8 and 15 days after treatment using a visual analogue scale, shoulder pain and disability index, pressure pain threshold, tissue hardness, and biceps peritendinous effusion.
Results: Both treatments significantly reduced the visual analogue scale in immediate (p < 0.001), short-term (p < 0.01), and medium-term effects (p < 0.01). Dry needling outperformed transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for the pain (p < 0.01) and disability (p < 0.03) subscales of the shoulder pain and disability index in the short-term and medium-term effects, respectively. Pressure pain threshold increased after both treatments but didn't last beyond 8 days. Neither treatment showed any improvements in tissue hardness of the long head of biceps brachii muscle. Notably, only the dry needling group significantly reduced biceps peritendinous effusion in both short-term and medium-term effects (p < 0.01).
Conclusions: Dry needling showed non-inferior results to transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in reducing pain and disability and demonstrated even superior results in reducing biceps peritendinous effusion (see Graphical Abstract).
Trial registration: The Institutional Review Board of the China Medical University Hospital (CMUH107-REC2-101) approved this study, and it was registered with Identifier NCT03639454 on ClinicalTrials.gov.
简介:肱二头肌长头肌腱病是肩关节前部疼痛的常见病因,可导致不适和功能减退。本研究旨在评估干针疗法和经皮神经电刺激疗法对这些患者的疗效:将 30 名患者随机分为干针治疗组和经皮电神经刺激组,在治疗前、治疗后 8 天和 15 天使用视觉模拟量表、肩痛和残疾指数、压痛阈值、组织硬度和肱二头肌腱周渗出进行评估:两种疗法都能明显降低视觉模拟量表的即时评分(p p p p p p p 结论):在减少疼痛和残疾方面,干针疗法的效果并不亚于经皮神经电刺激疗法,而在减少肱二头肌腱周渗出方面,干针疗法的效果甚至优于经皮神经电刺激疗法(见图表摘要):本研究已获得中国医科大学附属中山医院机构审查委员会(CMUH107-REC2-101)批准,并在ClinicalTrials.gov上以NCT03639454注册。
{"title":"Pain, function and peritendinous effusion improvement after dry needling in patients with long head of biceps brachii tendinopathy: a single-blind randomized clinical trial.","authors":"I-Wei Chen, Ying-Tzu Liao, Hsin Tseng, Hsiao-Che Lin, Li-Wei Chou","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2391528","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2391528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Long head of biceps brachii tendinopathy, a frequent source of anterior shoulder pain, may lead to discomfort and diminished function. The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of dry needling and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in these patients.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Thirty patients were randomized into dry needling and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation groups and assessed before treatment, 8 and 15 days after treatment using a visual analogue scale, shoulder pain and disability index, pressure pain threshold, tissue hardness, and biceps peritendinous effusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both treatments significantly reduced the visual analogue scale in immediate (<i>p</i> < 0.001), short-term (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and medium-term effects (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Dry needling outperformed transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for the pain (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and disability (<i>p</i> < 0.03) subscales of the shoulder pain and disability index in the short-term and medium-term effects, respectively. Pressure pain threshold increased after both treatments but didn't last beyond 8 days. Neither treatment showed any improvements in tissue hardness of the long head of biceps brachii muscle. Notably, only the dry needling group significantly reduced biceps peritendinous effusion in both short-term and medium-term effects (<i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dry needling showed non-inferior results to transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in reducing pain and disability and demonstrated even superior results in reducing biceps peritendinous effusion (see Graphical Abstract).</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The Institutional Review Board of the China Medical University Hospital (CMUH107-REC2-101) approved this study, and it was registered with Identifier NCT03639454 on ClinicalTrials.gov.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11328602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141977453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-08-17DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2390166
Alpo Vuorio, Bruce Budowle, Frederick Raal, Petri T Kovanen
There is growing concern that the severe respiratory disease in birds (avian influenza or 'bird flu') caused by the H5N1 influenza virus, might potentially spread more widely to humans and cause a pandemic. Here we discuss clinical issues related to human infections by the highly pathogenic H5N1 subtype of the avian influenza A virus and make a clinical comparison with recent information obtained from studies of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Firstly, we consider the potential increase in cardiovascular events in humans infected with the H5N1 virus. Like SARS-CoV-2 infection, H5N1 infection may result in endothelial dysfunction and the associated procoagulant and prothrombotic state, and via this mechanism, the infection can potentially increase cardiovascular morbidity, especially in vulnerable individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular disease. Secondly, we discuss the potential beneficial role of statin use, both in the prophylaxis and the treatment of individuals with influenza A(H5N1), as was found favorable for the treatment of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection.
{"title":"Statins for the prevention of cardiovascular events associated with avian influenza: the COVID-19 pandemic as a reference.","authors":"Alpo Vuorio, Bruce Budowle, Frederick Raal, Petri T Kovanen","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2390166","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2390166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is growing concern that the severe respiratory disease in birds (avian influenza or 'bird flu') caused by the H5N1 influenza virus, might potentially spread more widely to humans and cause a pandemic. Here we discuss clinical issues related to human infections by the highly pathogenic H5N1 subtype of the avian influenza A virus and make a clinical comparison with recent information obtained from studies of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Firstly, we consider the potential increase in cardiovascular events in humans infected with the H5N1 virus. Like SARS-CoV-2 infection, H5N1 infection may result in endothelial dysfunction and the associated procoagulant and prothrombotic state, and <i>via</i> this mechanism, the infection can potentially increase cardiovascular morbidity, especially in vulnerable individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular disease. Secondly, we discuss the potential beneficial role of statin use, both in the prophylaxis and the treatment of individuals with influenza A(H5N1), as was found favorable for the treatment of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11332304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141997063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-08-22DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2384664
Jie Ding, Guangyue Yang, Wen Sun, Yifei Li, Ning Wang, Jiening Wang, Yongfang Zhao
Background: Observational studies have documented increased serum IL-6 levels in elderly individuals afflicted with sarcopenia. Nevertheless, the relationship between serum IL-6 concentrations and sarcopenia prevalence in the aging population is yet to be defined.
Methods: We executed a systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies that scrutinized serum IL-6 levels in older adults with and without sarcopenia. Relevant studies were sourced from PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from inception until 10 September 2023. The standard mean differences (SMDs) in serum IL-6 levels between studies were synthesized using a random-effects model. To examine the influence of demographic and clinical factors on these outcomes, we performed subgroup analyses and meta-regression, focusing on variables such as sex, age, and body mass index (BMI). We also assessed the relationship between serum IL-6 levels and the defining components of sarcopenia: muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance. We used Fisher's Z transformation to standardize the interpretation of effect sizes from these relationships. The transformed values were then converted to summary correlation coefficients (r) for a clear and unified summary of the results.
Results: We included twenty-one cross-sectional studies involving 3,902 participants. Meta-analysis revealed significantly elevated serum IL-6 levels in older adults with sarcopenia compared with those without sarcopenia (SMD = 0.31; 95% CI 0.18, 0.44). The difference was highly pronounced in the subgroups of male and those with female percentage below 50% or a mean BMI below 24 kg/m2. Serum IL-6 levels were inversely correlated with muscle mass (summary r = -0.18; 95% CI -0.30, -0.06), but not with handgrip strength (summary r = -0.10; 95%CI: -0.25, 0.05) or gait speed (summary r = -0.09; 95%CI: -0.24, 0.07).
Conclusions: This meta-analysis establishes a link between increased serum IL-6 levels and sarcopenia in the elderly, particularly in relation to decreased muscle mass.
{"title":"Association of interleukin-6 with sarcopenia and its components in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies.","authors":"Jie Ding, Guangyue Yang, Wen Sun, Yifei Li, Ning Wang, Jiening Wang, Yongfang Zhao","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2384664","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2384664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Observational studies have documented increased serum IL-6 levels in elderly individuals afflicted with sarcopenia. Nevertheless, the relationship between serum IL-6 concentrations and sarcopenia prevalence in the aging population is yet to be defined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We executed a systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies that scrutinized serum IL-6 levels in older adults with and without sarcopenia. Relevant studies were sourced from PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from inception until 10 September 2023. The standard mean differences (SMDs) in serum IL-6 levels between studies were synthesized using a random-effects model. To examine the influence of demographic and clinical factors on these outcomes, we performed subgroup analyses and meta-regression, focusing on variables such as sex, age, and body mass index (BMI). We also assessed the relationship between serum IL-6 levels and the defining components of sarcopenia: muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance. We used Fisher's Z transformation to standardize the interpretation of effect sizes from these relationships. The transformed values were then converted to summary correlation coefficients (r) for a clear and unified summary of the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included twenty-one cross-sectional studies involving 3,902 participants. Meta-analysis revealed significantly elevated serum IL-6 levels in older adults with sarcopenia compared with those without sarcopenia (SMD = 0.31; 95% CI 0.18, 0.44). The difference was highly pronounced in the subgroups of male and those with female percentage below 50% or a mean BMI below 24 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Serum IL-6 levels were inversely correlated with muscle mass (summary r = -0.18; 95% CI -0.30, -0.06), but not with handgrip strength (summary r = -0.10; 95%CI: -0.25, 0.05) or gait speed (summary r = -0.09; 95%CI: -0.24, 0.07).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This meta-analysis establishes a link between increased serum IL-6 levels and sarcopenia in the elderly, particularly in relation to decreased muscle mass.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11342818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142037984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-08-25DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2394584
Fuling Zeng, Yuling Lai, Yanxi Huang, Fangfang Zhu, Jie Gao, Zhenyue Chen, Lihua Zeng, Min Feng, Pin Qiu, Shuo Yuan, Gaopi Deng
Background: With the decline of global fertility, drug therapeutic of ectopic pregnancy is of great significance. Lithospermum erythrorhizon is using for embryo killing as herbal medicine. Shikonin is the critical nucleus of Lithospermum erythrorhizon; however, the mechanism is still unclear. The study aimed to explore the mechanism of shikonin against ectopic pregnancy.
Material and methods: In this study, we examined the viability and LDH release of HTR-8/SVneo cells by assays, observed pore formation in cell membranes by microscopy imaging and PI staining, and IL-1β release by WB and ELISA assay kit. Then, we used network pharmacology to analyse the potential interaction between shikonin, ectopic pregnancy and pyroptosis and used molecular docking techniques to verify interactions between shikonin and core common targets. Finally, western blotting and immunofluorescence assay were used to explore the mechanism of shikonin-inducing pyroptosis of HTR-8/SVneo cells.
Results: Shikonin could cause a significant inhibition of HTR-8/SVneo cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. In HTR-8/SVneo cells, shikonin-induced cell swelling, bubble formation, an increase in the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and up-regulation of several pyroptosis-associated factors. And network pharmacology showed that The main targets of shikonin-ectopic pregnancy-pyroptosis were IL-1β and caspase-1, and molecular docking results showed that shikonin can closely bind to IL-1β, caspase-1 and GSDMD. Additionally, the necroptosis inhibitor GSK'872 could not suppress the expression of mature-IL-1β and prevent the pyroptosis phenotype from developing. However, the nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inhibitor MCC-950 could downregulate the expression of pyroptosis-associated factors and prevent the pyroptosis phenotype from developing. Shikonin led to an elevation in the expression of cathepsin B (CTSB), and the CTSB inhibitor CA-074 abolished pyroptosis induced by shikonin; however, the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC-950 could not inhibit the expression of CTSB.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that shikonin activates CTSB to induce NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis in HTR-8/SVneo cells. This study has important clinical implications for the treatment of ectopic pregnancy.
{"title":"Shikonin from <i>lithospermum erythrorhizon</i> induces pyroptosis in trophoblast cells by activating the CTSB-NLRP3 inflammasome.","authors":"Fuling Zeng, Yuling Lai, Yanxi Huang, Fangfang Zhu, Jie Gao, Zhenyue Chen, Lihua Zeng, Min Feng, Pin Qiu, Shuo Yuan, Gaopi Deng","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2394584","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2394584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With the decline of global fertility, drug therapeutic of ectopic pregnancy is of great significance. <i>Lithospermum erythrorhizon</i> is using for embryo killing as herbal medicine. Shikonin is the critical nucleus of <i>Lithospermum erythrorhizon</i>; however, the mechanism is still unclear. The study aimed to explore the mechanism of shikonin against ectopic pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this study, we examined the viability and LDH release of HTR-8/SVneo cells by assays, observed pore formation in cell membranes by microscopy imaging and PI staining, and IL-1β release by WB and ELISA assay kit. Then, we used network pharmacology to analyse the potential interaction between shikonin, ectopic pregnancy and pyroptosis and used molecular docking techniques to verify interactions between shikonin and core common targets. Finally, western blotting and immunofluorescence assay were used to explore the mechanism of shikonin-inducing pyroptosis of HTR-8/SVneo cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Shikonin could cause a significant inhibition of HTR-8/SVneo cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. In HTR-8/SVneo cells, shikonin-induced cell swelling, bubble formation, an increase in the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and up-regulation of several pyroptosis-associated factors. And network pharmacology showed that The main targets of shikonin-ectopic pregnancy-pyroptosis were IL-1β and caspase-1, and molecular docking results showed that shikonin can closely bind to IL-1β, caspase-1 and GSDMD. Additionally, the necroptosis inhibitor GSK'872 could not suppress the expression of mature-IL-1β and prevent the pyroptosis phenotype from developing. However, the nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inhibitor MCC-950 could downregulate the expression of pyroptosis-associated factors and prevent the pyroptosis phenotype from developing. Shikonin led to an elevation in the expression of cathepsin B (CTSB), and the CTSB inhibitor CA-074 abolished pyroptosis induced by shikonin; however, the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC-950 could not inhibit the expression of CTSB.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest that shikonin activates CTSB to induce NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis in HTR-8/SVneo cells. This study has important clinical implications for the treatment of ectopic pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11348813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142057520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-08-26DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2390200
Ruiyuan Yang, Haoyu Wang, Dan Liu, Weimin Li
Background: Lung cancer has maintained a high prevalence and mortality. Besides, venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the third most common disease of cardiovascular disease. Lung cancer with VTE usually influenced the overall survival in the follow-up. In the development of lung cancer, vigilance against and early diagnosis of VTE is of significance.
Methods: We searched the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane for related research up to 30 November 2023 and extracted information of incidence, odds ratio (OR), hazard ratio (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs), for evaluating the incidence of VTE and its risk factors.
Results: A total of 54 articles and 873,292 records were included in our study. The pooled incidences of VTE and PE were 6% and 3%, respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed that the tumour, node and metastasis (TNM) stage (HR= 5.43, 95% CI: 2.42, 12.22), metastasis (HR= 2.67, 95% CI: 1.35, 5.29) and chemotherapy (HR= 2.27, 95% CI: 1.11, 4.65) had major influence on VTE occurrence.
Conclusions: Lung cancer complicated with VTE is unignorable, and its occurrence varies widely by tumour staging, tissue type and treatment. The results may aid in clinical decision-making about lung cancer in higher risk with VTE and weather receiving anticoagulant prophylaxis.
{"title":"Incidence and risk factors of VTE in lung cancer: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Ruiyuan Yang, Haoyu Wang, Dan Liu, Weimin Li","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2390200","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2390200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lung cancer has maintained a high prevalence and mortality. Besides, venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the third most common disease of cardiovascular disease. Lung cancer with VTE usually influenced the overall survival in the follow-up. In the development of lung cancer, vigilance against and early diagnosis of VTE is of significance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane for related research up to 30 November 2023 and extracted information of incidence, odds ratio (OR), hazard ratio (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs), for evaluating the incidence of VTE and its risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 54 articles and 873,292 records were included in our study. The pooled incidences of VTE and PE were 6% and 3%, respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed that the tumour, node and metastasis (TNM) stage (HR= 5.43, 95% CI: 2.42, 12.22), metastasis (HR= 2.67, 95% CI: 1.35, 5.29) and chemotherapy (HR= 2.27, 95% CI: 1.11, 4.65) had major influence on VTE occurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lung cancer complicated with VTE is unignorable, and its occurrence varies widely by tumour staging, tissue type and treatment. The results may aid in clinical decision-making about lung cancer in higher risk with VTE and weather receiving anticoagulant prophylaxis.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11348814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142057561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-03-05DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2320285
Jian Huang, Hui Zheng, Xianfeng Zhu, Kai Zhang, Xiaofeng Ping
Objectives: Tenecteplase, a modified variant of alteplase with greater fibrin specificity and longer plasma half-life, may have better efficacy and safety than alteplase in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We aimed to compare the benefits and risks of tenecteplase versus alteplase in the treatment of AIS.
Methods: Electronic databases were searched up to 10 February 2023 for randomized controlled trials evaluating the effect of tenecteplase versus alteplase in the treatment of AIS. The primary outcome was functional outcome at 90 days, and secondary outcomes including the symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage (SICH), and major neurological improvement. Subgroup analysis was performed based on the different dosage of tenecteplase.
Results: Ten studies with a total of 5123 patients were analysed in this meta-analysis. Overall, no significant difference between tenecteplase and alteplase was observed for functional outcome at 90 days (excellent: OR 1.08, 95%CI 0.93-1.26, I2 = 26%; good: OR 1.04, 95%CI 0.83-1.30, I2 = 56%; poor: OR 0.95, 95%CI 0.75-1.21, I2 = 31%), SICH (OR 1.12, 95%CI 0.79-1.59, I2 = 0%), and early major neurological improvement (OR 1.26, 95%CI 0.80-1.96, I2 = 65%). The subgroup analysis suggested that the 0.25 mg/kg dose of tenecteplase had potentially greater efficacy and lower symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage risk compared with 0.25 mg/kg dose tenecteplase.
Conclusions: Among AIS patients, there was no significant difference on clinical outcomes between tenecteplase and alteplase. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that 0.25 mg/kg doses of tenecteplase were more beneficial than 0.4 mg/kg doses of tenecteplase. Further studies are required to identify the optimal dosage of tenecteplase.
{"title":"Tenecteplase versus alteplase for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Jian Huang, Hui Zheng, Xianfeng Zhu, Kai Zhang, Xiaofeng Ping","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2320285","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2320285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Tenecteplase, a modified variant of alteplase with greater fibrin specificity and longer plasma half-life, may have better efficacy and safety than alteplase in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We aimed to compare the benefits and risks of tenecteplase versus alteplase in the treatment of AIS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic databases were searched up to 10 February 2023 for randomized controlled trials evaluating the effect of tenecteplase versus alteplase in the treatment of AIS. The primary outcome was functional outcome at 90 days, and secondary outcomes including the symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage (SICH), and major neurological improvement. Subgroup analysis was performed based on the different dosage of tenecteplase.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten studies with a total of 5123 patients were analysed in this meta-analysis. Overall, no significant difference between tenecteplase and alteplase was observed for functional outcome at 90 days (excellent: OR 1.08, 95%CI 0.93-1.26, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 26%; good: OR 1.04, 95%CI 0.83-1.30, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 56%; poor: OR 0.95, 95%CI 0.75-1.21, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 31%), SICH (OR 1.12, 95%CI 0.79-1.59, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 0%), and early major neurological improvement (OR 1.26, 95%CI 0.80-1.96, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 65%). The subgroup analysis suggested that the 0.25 mg/kg dose of tenecteplase had potentially greater efficacy and lower symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage risk compared with 0.25 mg/kg dose tenecteplase.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among AIS patients, there was no significant difference on clinical outcomes between tenecteplase and alteplase. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that 0.25 mg/kg doses of tenecteplase were more beneficial than 0.4 mg/kg doses of tenecteplase. Further studies are required to identify the optimal dosage of tenecteplase.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10916912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140041161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}